) ﻓ ﻩﺭﺜﺃﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﻑﻭﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻲ
ﺏﺍﺭﻋﻹﺍﻭ (
ﻲﺒﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻥﺴﺤﻤ ﺽﻴﻭﻋ ﻥﺒ ﺭﻔﺴﻤ
ﺹﻠﺨﺘﺴﻤ
ﻩﺫﻫ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﺘ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ
، ﺔـﻠﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻰـﻨﻌﻤ ﻲـﻓ ﺏـﻴﻜﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺜﺃﻭ
ﺎﻬﺒﺍﺭﻋﺇﻭ .
ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺃ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻡﺃ
ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻟﺍ
، ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻊـﻤﺠ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﻙﻟﺫﺒ ﻲﻫﻭ
ﻑﻭﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺼﺤﻭ
ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏ ﻊﻤ ﺕﺒﻜﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ
، ﺏـﻴﻜﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺀﺩﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﻘﻠﻁﻨﺎﻓ
ﺩﺍﺭﻤﻟﺍ
، ﻭﻫﻭ ﻪﺒﺤﺎﺼ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻪﻤﻀ لﺒﻗ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ لﺩﻴﻟ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﻴ ﻱﺫﻟﺍ
، ﻥـﻤﻭ
ﺎﻴﺍﻭﺯ ﺙﻼﺜ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻜﺭﻤ ﻑﺭﺤ لﻜ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺫﺨﺃ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ
، ﻪﺒﻴﻜﺭﺘﺒ لﻭﻘﻟﺍ
، ﻰﺘﺤ
ﺓﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺩﺤﺍﻭ لﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻭﻟﻭ
، ﺍﺩ ﺎﻤﻭ ﻪﺒﻴﻜﺭﺘ لﻭﺤ ﻑﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭ
، ﺔﺠﺤ ﺢﻀﻭﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ
ﻪﺒﻴﻜﺭﺘﺒ ﻥﻴﻠﺌﺎﻘﻟﺍ
، ﻭ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻴﺠﺭﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺠﺤﻭ ﻪﻟ ﻥﻴﻔﻟﺎﺨﻤﻟﺍ ﻱﺃﺭ .
ﺏـﻴﻜﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﻥـﻜﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻥﺇ ﻰﺘﺤ
ﺭﻫﺎﻅ
ﻴﻠﺠﻭ ﺍ ﺎ،
ﺎﻬﺒﺍﺭﻋﺇﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﺜﺃ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺎﻤﹼﻨﺇﻭ
، ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻑﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﺒﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻭﺃ .
ﺏﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺒﻴﻜﺭﺘ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻑﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻪﺜﺩﺤﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻲﻬﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺍﺯﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻡﻋﻷﺍ . ﻴﺌﻴﺸﻟﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺎﻁﻠﺨ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻥ
، ﺎﻤﻬﺠﺯﻤ لﺒﻗ ﺎﻤﻬﻟ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻟ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻭ ﻡﻜﺤ ﺎﻤﻬﻟ ﺙﺩﺤ ،
ﺎﻨﺩﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ
ﺔﺜﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﺍﺯﻟﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ
،
ﻲﻫﻭ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺒﻴﻜﺭﺘ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻑﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻪﺜﺩﺤﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻀﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ
ﻲﺒﺍﺭﻋﻹﺍ
، ﻪﻟﺎﻤﻋﺇﻭ
ﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻟﺎﻤﻫﺇ .
ﺕﺎـﻴﺒﺃﻭ ﺔـﻴﻨﺁﺭﻗ ﺕﺎـﻴﺁ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻫﺍﻭﺸﻟﺎﺒ ﻪﻠﻜ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺎﻤﻋﺩﻤ
ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ، ﺍﺭﺁ ﺎﹰﻨﻴﺒﻤ ﻪﻠﻜ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺀ
، ﻪـﻴﻠﻋ لﻴﻟﺩـﻟﺍﻭ ﺢﺠﺍﺭ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻟ ﺢﻴﺠﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻤ ،
ﻕـﻴﻘﺤﺘﻭ
ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺤﺼﺃ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﺒﺴﻨ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﻵﺍ .
ﻥـﻤ ﺔـﻴﺒﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﺎـﻤﻠﻋ ﻑﻗﻭﻤ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺸﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ
ﻕﻼﻁﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﻜﻨﺃ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤ ﻪﻨﺃﻭ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ،
ﺩﺭﻭ ﺫـﺨﺃ ﻥﻴـﺒ ﻪﻟﻭﺒﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺍﻭﻨﻴﺎﺒﺘ ﻥﺇﻭ ،
ﺭﺎﻜﻨﺇﻭ ﺩﻴﻴﺄﺘﻭ
، ﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺼﻠﺨ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺎﻬﻤﻫﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨ ﺓﺩﻋ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔ
: ﻑﻭﺭـﺤ ﻲـﻓ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ
ﺎﻫﺯﺭﺒﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻋ ﺍﺭﺎﺜﺁ ﺙﺩﺤﺃ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ :
لﻭﺨﺩﻜ لﻤﻬﻤ ﻰﻟﺇ لﻤﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﺇ
"
ﺎﻤ "
ﻑﻭﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻓﺎﻜﻟﺍ
ﺔﺨﺴﺎﻨﻟﺍ ، ﻑﺭﺤﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺏﻠﻗﻭ ،
ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻜ
"
ﻥﺃ "
ﺙـﻴﺤ لﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻟﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﻉﺭﺎﻀﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺼﺎﻨﻟﺍ
ﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ لﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﻨ ﻥﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﺘ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﺏﻴﻜﺭ
. ﺏـﻴﻜﺭﺘﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺜﺩـﺤﺃ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺜﻵﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ .
ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻟﺇ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﺕﺼﻠﺨ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ :
ﻲﻏﻼﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻓﺇ ،
ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘـﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻌﺴ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇﻭ
ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ، ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻪﺒ ﺕﻴﻨﻋ ﺎﻤﻤ ﻙﻟﺫ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ .
STRUCTURE IN THE PARTICLES OF MEANING AND ITS EFFECT ON MEANING AND MARKING .
MESFER AWAID M ALHARBI
Abstract
This study deals with the combination in the letters of meaning and the effect of this combination in the meaning of the sentence as well as its syntax; whether theoretically or practically. In this way, it aims at collecting and counting those letters which have been combined with others .This study started with identifying the meaning of the wanted combination which is an evidence for the meaning without which it would not indicate the meaning before connecting it to its qualifier. Hence, this study started to deal with each combined letter from three angles; saying that it is combined even in opinions, what happened among grammarians of arguments or differences around its combination which clarifies the clue of those who say that it is combined , and the view of those who oppose it as well as their clues for that and the favour for that even if the combination were not quite clear in that but it appears through the meaning of the sentence and its syntax or from the structure of the letter itself. The second angle is what the ;letter does after its combination of effect in the meaning of the sentence and that is in most cases. If two things are combined, they have a rule and a meaning which is different from their individual meaning before combining them and that leads us to the third angle. This third angle is what the letter does after combining it in the syntax and function or non- function in the Arabic sentence. All of that are supported by various evidences from the holy Qura'n as well as poetry. This is based on the opinions of the scientists with preference of what is favoured and its evidence. Also, verifying the views and correcting its relation to its owners. This study also refers to the attitude of the Arabic scientists and scholars towards the phenomenon of combination and no one ever rejected or denied it at all. Even if they differed in accepting or rejecting and supporting or denying till this research study reached several results the most important of which are that: the combination of the letters of meanings had a lot of effects of which the most significant are: turning the agent into a useless as preceding of the sufficing "Ma" on the changing letters and turning the meanings of the letter to the opposite; as in "Anna" which makes the verb as an accusative which refers to the possibility of the action as it became an evidence for the negativity of the verb after combination. There are other examples of the effects which resulted from combination. Of the results of this study also: giving the rhetorical meaning, finding a variety of language use and other things of what this study cares about .
