TRAN ANH THAI Email: [email protected]
Cell: 0913 20 1168 Web: www.ats.com.vn
1DATVANDE
Cac Nha may thuy dien vCra va nho (cong suat tCr 1-30M\A/) khi dUa vao van hanh can phai ket noi vdi he thong SCADA cua Trung tann dieu dp, kinh doanh cua Cong ty dien liic da ky hpp dong mua dien. Ngoai ra chu dau ttr cung can giam sat dapc qua trinh van hanh cua nha may de phuc vu cdng tic quin ly. Tuy nhien, hau het cic nha miy thuy dien nhd ttf trudc
den nay khi diia vao van hanh deu khong thi/c hien dUpc cong tac nay, chu yeu do mpt so ly do nhU sau:
• Khong the thiet lap dudng truyen huu tuyen de ket noi.
• Cong nghe dieu khien va thiet bi dau cuoi khong phu hpp.
• Chu dau tu" khong daa ra dapc yeu eiu ky tnuat va khdi lupng chi tiet cho cdng viec nay.
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2OANHGIAHIINTRANG L\\\
Cdng ty ATS vdi hdn 12 nam kinh nghiem trong ITnh vUc dieu khien, bio ve v i tich hop h^ thdng da nghien cCfu va phit trien thanh cdng giii phip k^'t ndi cic nhi may thuy dien vtfa va nhd nhim d i p Cfng y§u eiu v^
thdng tin v i duf li^u phuc vu cdng tic quin ly v i n hanh, giam sat va kinh doanh mua/bin di^n.
2.1 He thong dieu khien cua cac Nha may thuy
dien
Thdng thudng cac n h i miy thuy di^n d^u dUdc trang bj he thdng DCS di tfch hpp t o i n bd thdng tin cua nha may bao gom ttf thi^t bj cdng ngh^, ning lupng, thi^t bj dien, tram bi^n ap d i u ra v i h^ thdng phu trd phuc vu cdng tic giim sit v i di^u khien tai chd cua n h i miy. Ciu true tidu bi^u cua mdt hk thdng DCS hoin chinh dUdc md t i trong hinh dudi diy.
KIEN IRUC HE THONG DI£U KHIISN MlfC NHA MAY OIEN
P0*l
GW^JT
Hin/i 7: Kien true he thong DCS cda cdc nhd mdy thuy dien
Tuy nhien vi chi phuc vu cho muc dfch giim sit va dieu khien tai cho nen cic he thdng niy thudng daac thiet ke "ddng" theo cic phuong thufc truyen tin va trao ddi duf lieu cua rieng cac nha sin xuit. Vdi cic he thdng daac thiet ke kieu niy, khi ning trao ddi dCi lieu v i can thiep cua ngUdi sCf dung khi cd nhufng yeu ciu phit sinh ddi vdi cdng t i e quin ly v i kinh doanh l i r i t khd khin, do n h i sin xuat khdng bao gid b i n giao het eic cdng cu v i thu tuc de thtfc hien.
2.2 Ket noi vdi he thong SCADA va do dem Trong da sd cic dU i n , ddn vj tu van khdng n i m rd yeu cau ket ndi he thdng SCADA va do dem cua lUdi dien Viet Nam nen phan khdi lUpng cdng viee niy thudng khdng daac yeu ciu rd trong pham vi cung eip cua hpp ddng cung cap v i xiy l i p n h i miy. Vi vay g i n nhu 100% sd n h i miy thuy dien vCfa v i nhd deu khdng cd ket ndi nay. Hon nOfa, do daac thiet ke "ddng" nen cac he thdng DCS r i t khd ed the ket ndi vdi he thdng SCADA va quin ly do dem dien nang cua cic Cdng ty dien lUc.
Ngoii ra, cic n h i miy thuy di§n vtfa v i nhd thaong dupc xiy dung tr§n dja ban vung siu nen viec thiet lap mdt dagc truyen hau tuyen (4W) nhU cic giii phap ket ndi hien nay l i khdng khi thi.
Tuy nhi§n, cic y#u ciu k^t ndi nay l i b i t buoc doi vdi cic n h i miy di^n theo Qui dinh dau ndi ban hanfi k^m Quy^t dinh 37 cua Bd Cdng Nghiep nay l i Bp Cong ThUdng. Die bi^t vdi cic n h i miy tham gia chuong trinh mua b i n phit t h i i CDM thi vi§c ket ndi, luu trQdCf li§u do d^m di^n nang phit len lUdi dien l i m6t trong nhdng di^u ki^n cin thi^t di b§n mua CDM cd the tinli t o i n daac lupng phit t h i i daac hudng.
2.3 Cac ufng dung trof giup quyet dinh va van hanh toi liu
2.3.1 DU bio thuy van
Hi§n nay, tai cic nha miy mdi chi cd he thong ghi ch6p thdng ke thuy v i n cua cic ddng sdng lien quan d^n n h i miy dien. Mdt he thdng dU b i o thuy van van chua daac trang bj de tinh t o i n van hinh hd chua nhu i i mdt duf kien d i u v i o phuc vu cdng t i c l i p ke hoach van hinh n h i miy.
2.3.2 Tinh toin toi Uu phdt tfien vi phoi hpp cac Nha may bac thang
Cac nha miy chua trang bj cic phan mem loai nay de trp giup khii thic cd hieu q u i lupng nUdc ve hang nam. Viec bd tri Ijch chay miy hien nay van do cac Trung t i m dieu dp thUc hien, ky sU dieu hinh se di/a
lenh len xudng v i diem dat cdng suit cua cac to may cho nhin vien dieu hinh trong tC/ng ca true.
Ddi vdi cic nha miy thuy dien nhd, viec chay may co the daac quyet djnh bdi nhin vien van hinh nhung doi vdi c i trudng hpp nay cac n h i miy cung khdng co cong cu gl de tdi da hda Ipi nhuan dUa tren hpp ddng mua b i n dien d i ky vdi cdng ty dien lUc.
2.3.3 Quin ly bio dUdng tren ctf sd tinh trang thid't bj (Condition-based Maintenance Management)
Thdng thudng do qui md nen cic n h i miy thuy dien vtfa v i nhd cung khdng trang bj he thdng quin ly bao dudng loai niy. He thdng se cho phep edng ty lap qui trinh bio dUdng v i quin ly cdng t i c bio dUdng tCr lap ke hoach, quin ly du phdng, mua sim vat tu, giao nhiem vy, quin ly tien dp v i b i o cio dinh g i i tong hop...
2.4 He thong vien thdng
Hien tai cie n h i miy ed the dupe ket ndi vdi cac dudng truyen nhu sau:
• He thdng vien thdng dien lUc thdng qua cic dudng cip quang, mang SDH va cic cong BTS de noi vdi mang vien thdng ndi bd hoac ndi vdi mang WAN cua EVN.
• He thdng vien thdng cdng cdng vdi cic dUdng ket ndi hQu tuyen vdi Viettel hay VNPT
• He thdng vien thdng v^ tinh VSAT cua cac nha cung cap djch vu Viettel hoac VNPT
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Tu dpng hoa ngay nay / 1 1 , 2011• Ket ndi bang GPRS/3G tren nen GSM cua cac nha cung cap djch vu
Tuy vao tCfng dia diem, cac nha may thuy dien se cung vdi don vj cap hang lua chpn g i i i phap tdi Uu nhi't khi danh gia cu the c i c chi tieu lien quan.
ATS dua ra giai phap de xay dtfng he thdng Q u i n ly van hanh (Operational Control Centre-OCC) nhu dUdc md ta d c i c phan tiep sau d i y .
3GIAIPHAPKYTHUAT
3.1 He t h o n g d a p ufng cac y e u cau ccf b a n
• He thdng m d - Cau true He thdng OCC cua cdng ty thuy dien se tuan t h u cac yeu cau cua cac tieu chuan Qudc te hoac c i c tieu chuan dUdc stf dung rpng rai trong cdng nghiep.
• Kha nang b i o dudng cau true He thdng OCC se ho trp b i o dudng tai cho cac thanh phan, ma khdng can sU ho trp cua nha cap hang ddi vdi hoat ddng van hanh va b i o dUdng thudng xuyen va djnh ky.
• Nen tang p h i t trien Cfng dung - cau true He thdng OCC se cung cap mdt nen t i n g manh de p h i t trien cac Cfng dung dieu khien g i i m s i t , q u i n ly van hanh tdi Uu, trao doi thdng tin dCf lieu vdi cac he t h d n g npi bp va ben ngoai. N g o i i ra he thdng stf dung k h i nang cung cap djch vu sd lieu cho npi bd va ngUdi dung ben ngoai qua cac Cfng dung Web.
• Kha nang tfch hpp he t h d n g p h i i cd kha nang tfch hpp mdt each linh hoat cac thanh phan mdi, cac giai phap va Cfng dung nang cao khac (nhU GIS hoac quan ly stf cd/hu hdng, q u i n ly nhiem vu nhdm cdng tie...), va lam nen t i n g cho cac Cfng dung vdi sU ra ddi cua thj trudng dien Viet Nam trong nam t d i .
3.2 Cac dac d i e m ky t h u a t chinh 3.2.1 He thong phan cufng
Toan bd he thdng gdm 3 thanh phan:
• Phan trung tam:
• He thdng SCADA tai Trung t i m dieu dp cua Dien Itfc (Trung t i m dieu dp he thdng dien theo ttfng mien, Tong Cdng ty dien lUc v i cac Dien lUc). Toan bd thdng tin can thiet, da daac 2 ben n h i may va Dien Itfc thda thuan, cho viec g i i m s i t va dieu hanh may dien se dupc he thdng SCADA thu thap, xtf ly, p h i n phdi den cac Cfng dung can thiet de nhan vien van hanh cd the tuong t i c vdi toan bp thiet bj can giam sat dieu khien, cung nhu giao tiep vdi c i c Cfng dung k h i c .
• He thdng trung tam cung se ho t r p c i c trung tam dieu khien cua c i c nha may di§n. Thdng qua he thdng phan quyen dieu khien va g i i m sat, cac trung tam cua ttfng nha m i y se ddng thdi ket ndi vdi he thdng trung tam cdng ty.
• Phan cCfng cung nhU phan mem cua he thdng trung tam se dtfa tren cac nen tang md, cd tinh pho bien cao, de thay the m d rdng, ddn gian va quen
thudc trong qua trinh van hanh.
• Phfa nha may dien:
• G i i i phap 1: He thdng DCS d tai cac nha may dien se trao ddi dur lieu vdi he thdng SCADA va OCC thdng qua co sd dCf lieu thdi gian thUc (real-time data- base) vdi cac cd che bien doi duf lieu phu hpp. Co che nay d i m b i o vi$c d d lieu dupc c i p nhat mpt each ddng thdi giufa he thdng DCS tai nha may va he thdng OCC.
Vdi c i c h thCfc trao doi dtf li$u kieu nay, viec giam sat dieu khien tai OCC hoan t o i n trUc quan nhu phdng dieu khien cua cac nha m i y .
• G i i i phap 2: Tai c i c nha may thuy dien se l i p them thiet bj thu thap dCf lieu do dem, trang thai va c i n h bao cua c i c thiet bj trong nha may, de truyen ve he thdng SCADA va trung t i m giam sat dieu khien. Cic cdng t o ranh gidi do dem ke c i chfnh va d u phdng cung se dUdc ket ndi tren cung dUdng truyen.
• He thdng vien thdng: He thdng vien thdng giufa cac Nha may dien va Trung t i m OCC se stf dung mdt trong nhCfng g i i i phap da xem xet d tren lam g i i i phap chinh va cd the lUa chpn them giai phap d u phdng vdi tieu chf CO b i n la g i i i phap nao san sang nhat va chi phi thap nhat.
Giai phap ket ndi cO b i n dupc the hien trong hinh ve dudi day:
Hinh 2: Ket n6i ca bin cda he thong thu thdp dOtieu vd ket noi SCADA
3.2.2 He thong Phan mem
Tai trung t i m dieu khien, mang LAN se dUpc cau hinh de ho t r d cau true Client/Server, cac may tinh front-end se giao tiep vdi he thdng thu thap va trao doi do lieu ttf c i c nha may dien cung nhu cac trung tam khac.
Tuy vao yeu cau ve dp tin cay va tfnh san sang, he thdng cd the daac cau hinh mpt may chu chfnh va mpt m i y chti dU phdng de cung cap chtfc nang theo yeu cau cua OCC, bao gdm quan ly co sd dO lieu thdi gian thuc, xtf ly c i n h bao, sU kien qua khCf, truy nhap sd lieu v i chCfc nang giao dien ngUdi stf dung dang do hpa.
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Nhdng miy chu niy cd khi ning h6 trp nhi^u c i p ngudi dung, theo y6u ciu cua chu d i u tU, di thUc hi§n g i i m sit v i di^u khi^n cic ddi tUpng trong pham vi quin ly eua ttfng cip.
Cau true h§ thdng phin m^m dUpe thi^t k^ theo md hinh 3 Idp:
Ldrp thu thdp dtf li^u:
• Diy l i Idp t h i p nhit trong h^ thdng trung t i m se lam nhi^m vu giao ti^p true ti^p vdi eic cd sd duf Ii6u thdi gian thUc cua cdng to do d^m, cic RTU v i cic trung t i m di^u dp li^n quan.
• Ldp niy cung l i m nhi§m vu theo ddi tinh trang cic k§nh truyen, quin ly cic thdng sd cua q u i trinh truyen nhin, dUa ra cic cinh b i o v^ q u i trinh giao ti^p vdi cic dau cudi.
• Ldp niy thdng qua cic h§ thdng vi^n thdng se gCfi/nhin dii lidu d^n/ttf cic d i u cudi thdng qua eie giao thufc chuan va xCf ly cic duf lieu niy t h i n h cic djnh dang ma he thdng OCC cd the hieu daac trade khi chuyen tiep nd qua Idp Data Server
Ldp Data Server:
• Ldp niy se tiep nhin duf lieu ttf Idp giao dien xtf ly va l i m chung sin sing ddi vdi cie Cfng dung. Hoat ddng cua Idp nay tuong dUOng nhu phan cd sd dCf lieu thdi gian thUc cua DCS va thdng nhat cic co sd dCf lieu khic nhau ttf cic thiet bj/ngudn dtf lieu khic nhau ve mdt djnh dang duy nhit.
• Mdt diem quan trpng l i Idp niy can dUdc trang bj he thdng xtf ly logic dang SoftPLC Logic Processor theo tieu chuan IEC61131, trp giup ngudi stf dung thiet l i p cic sd do logic giim sit v i dieu khien phu hpp vdi cic Cfng dung cua minh.
• Diy l i Idp die biet quan trpng vl mpi Cfng dung deu truy cap duf lieu thdng qua nd. Trong dd, h§ thdng SCADA trao doi dU lieu bing giao thCfc IEC 60870-5-101 v i giao thufc IEC62056-21 vdi h^ thdng do d^m.
Ldrp ufng dung:
• D i y l i Idp cao n h i t d h^ thdng trung t i m
• NgUdi sCf dung se giao tiep vdi he th6ng thdng qua Idp niy. 6 diy cie ufng dung ed the l i h# giao di§n ngUdi miy HMI, he thdng q u i n ly sU kidn, he thdng dQ lieu q u i khCf...
• Thdng qua edng cu giao tiep vdi Idp Data Server ngUdi dung ed the p h i t trien th#m cie Cfng dung (plug- in) theo nhu cau edng t i c v i quin ly cua minh, vi du nhu cic loai b i o cio, tong hpp sd lieu...
• Tren eo sd eua ha t i n g cCia trung t i m dieu khien, he thdng cd the cung cap khi ning truy cap eie vung dCf lieu de ho trp eic khu vUe chCfc ning khic nhau eCia ttfng don vj lien quan, nhu phin tich ky thuat v i l i p ke hoach, giim sit dien ning, q u i n ly thanh t o i n , van hinh tdi Uu, quin ly b i o dUdng... Ngoai ra, h§ thdng
nay co khi nang giam sat an ninh truy cap cua khu vi/c
1
IT "krt noi" tdi mang cua trung tam dieu khien.
Vi (III rjirio dien giam sat van hanh td xa tai nha may Ihuy clicn l.i lang:
KI^N IHIIf; P M A N Mf M
MUA HANfJICN
Hinh 3: Kien true phan mem va trao doi dCf lieu
Hinh 4: Giao dien giam sdt ciia nha mdy Thuy diin Td Ldng tai tinh Bdc Can.
4KETLUAN
h a w Vai giai phap cua ATS, viec ket noi vdi cac nhc thuy dien vaa va nho se trd nen de dang hon. TC/do, cac don vi lien quan den hoat dpng van hanh, quan ly, dieu dp va mua ban dien se co day du thong tin de thiic hien tot hpn cdng tac cua minh, gop phan tiet kiemva sCr dung nang lapng mpt each hieu qua. Q
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