AlVH HUOIVG CUA VIEC BOIV KET HOP PHAIV HUU CO

KHOA HOC CONG NGHE

AlVH HUOIVG CUA VIEC BOIV KET HOP PHAIV HUU CO VI SIIVH V d i KEIVI DEIV TtCH LUY CURCUIVIIIV TROIVG CU

VA IVidT SO TtlVH CHAT DAT TROIVG IVGHE TAI LUC IVAIVI, B A C GIAIVG

Nguyin Th^ BinhS HI Van Tii^

T6MTAT

Thi nghiem duoc tien hanh tai xa Bao Son, huyen Luc Nam. tinh Bic Giang nhim xac dinh hieu qua cua bon k^t hgp phan huu ca vi sinh vdi kem den nang suit, ham luong curcumin trong cii va moi tnrdng dat trdng nghe. Thi nghiem gdm 5 cong thiic voi 3 lan nhac Iai duoc bo tri theo so do khdi nglu nhien day du (RCBD). Dat lam thi nghiSm c6 phan ung chua it, ham luong N, P, K dfi tieu b miic trung binh va ngheo, vi khuan tdng sd chiem nhieu nhat trong hfi vi sinh vat dat. Bon ket hop phan hiiu co vi sinh va kem iam tang nang suit cu nghe co y nghia so vdi ddi chiing chi bon phan hda hoc N, P, K, trong do bdn 200 kg N + 300 kg P2O5 + 200 kg KaO + 1 tan phan hiiu co vi sinh S6ng Gianh + 50 kg ZnSO^ha cho nang suat cao nhit, tang 12,3%. Ddi voi nang suit cu nghe, c6 su sai khac co y nghia giiia co bd sung va khong bo sung kem, nhung khong co su sai khac giua hai loai phan him co vi sinh (phan hiru co vi sinh Que Lam va phan huu co vi sinh Song Gianh). Ham luong curcumin tang khi duoc bon them phan hiiu covi sinh hoac phan hiiu covi sinh + kem so vdi ddi chiing va dfiu vuot nguong 6,5%. Khi bon ke't hop voi phan him ca vi sinh hoac phan hiiu CO vi smh + kem difiu kifin moi trudng dit dugc cai thifin, ham lirong chit dinh duong dk tieu, mat do vi smh vat dat deu tang cao hon so vdi ddi chiing. Viec bon bd sung kfim da lam tang kha nang hiit kem cua cay nghe va duy tri on dinh ham luong kem trong dat.

TCt khda: Cay nghd, hAm luong curcumin, kem, phin huu ca vi sinh.

I.DATVANDE

Nghe (Curcuma longa L.) II mdt cay gia vi pho )i^n d nhieu nude chau A (Hermann va Martine,

991; Ishimine et al., 2003). Cac nha khoa hoc da

•hung minh rang nghe cd vai trd quan trong trong y Ipc vi trong cu nghd cd chiia curcumin va mot sd lop chit dau dd bay hoi; day la nhimg chit cd tie lung ngan ngira ung thu, ngan chan vi khuan va ilm, giam qua trinh oxi hda va giai ddc eho ca the Hermann va Martine, 1991; Osawa et al., 1995;

Jakamura etal., 1998).

Theo Ajaikumar et al. (2007) ham luong urcumin trong bdt nghd dao ddng 3-6%, thay doi tuy ludc vao giong va dieu kien canh tac. P. S. Senthil lumar vl edng su nghien cuu anh hudng eua bdn han hihi co va Zn d^n cay nghg; ket qua cho thay:

Di viee bdn ket hpp N, P, K, phan hihi ca va ZnS04 ang suit cu dat 28,6 tan/ha, cao han 21,6% so vdi tii bdn N, P, K; cung vdi do ham luong curcumin ong cii cung tang cao hon cd y nghia. Ngoai ra viec

•Choa Moi tnrdng, Hpc vien Nong nghiep Viet Nam

<hoa Quan ly dat dai. Hoc vien Nong nghidp Viet Nam mail: ntbinh@vnua.edu.vn

bdn kdt hop N, P, K, phan hiru ca va Zn cdn cd anh hudng tich cue den tinh chit dit trdng nghe, tdng ham lupng N, P, K, tang cac nguyen td vi luong B, Zn, Cu va Mn trong dit sau thi nghiem (P. S. Senthil Kumar etal., 2004).

Tai Viet Nam da ed mdt sd tie gia sau khi nghien cuu hidu qua cua viec bdn ket hpp phin hiru co vi smh vdi phan khoang tren mdt sd vung dat va ddi vdi mpt sd loai cay trdng da cho tiiay hieu qua tich cue lam tang nang suit, chat lupng ndng san pham va gdp phan cai thien mdi trudng dat, dac bidt cho hieu qua cao khi ap dung ti-en dat bac mau (Nguydn Xuln Thanh va cdng su, 2007; Hoang Hai, 2008; Nguydn The Binh va Nguydn Xuln Thanh. 2010, 2011).

Lue Nam la mdt huyen mien nui cua tinh Bic Giang, cd dien tich dat bac mau chiem chu yeu; diy la loai dit ngheo dinh dudng, dat cd phan iing chua do bi nia trdi nhi^u. Nhung day cQng la loai dat cd tidm nang cho hieu qua kinh te cao ddi vdi mdt sd loai cay trdng, trong dd cay nghd la mdt cay trdng da duoc trdng phd bien trong mdt vai nam qua. Tuy nhien hieu qua dem lai cho ngudi din chua dupe on dinh, mpt phin do viee lam dung phan hda hpc, thieu hut ngudn phan ehudng dam bao d^ bdn, vi vay nang

ONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 5/2019 ⁶⁹

KHOA HOC CdHG NGHfi

suat cii nghe khdng eao, cimg vdi dd 11 ham lirong curcumin trong cu nghe khdng dat yen cau cua doanh nghiep thu mua.

Nghien cmi nay dugc tien hanh vdi muc dich danh gia anh hudng cua viec bdn ket hpp giira phan him CO vi sinh va Zn den ham lupng curcumin va mdt sd tinh chit dat bac mlu trdng nghe tai Lue Nam, Bic Giang.

2 . VAT UEU VA PHUDNG PHAP NGHBI CUU 2.1. v a t lieu nghifin cmi

Dit bac mau trdng nghe tai Luc Nam, Bic Giang.

Hai loai phan huu co vi sinh: Phan huu ca vi sinh Que Lam v l phan hihi cavi sinh Sdng Gianh.

ZnS04 duoc eung d p bdi Bd mdn Hda hpc, Khoa Mdi trudng, Hpc vien Ndng nghiep Viet Nam.

Gidng nghe dd dupe cung cap bdi Cdng ty Co phin Dupe pham Bic Nmh (BANIPHAR).

Nghidn emi dupe tidn hanh tr6n dit xim bae mlu xa Bao Scm, huyen Luc Nam, tinh Bic Giang tir thing 03/2018 den 01/2019.

2.2. Phucmg phap nghign cuu

Thi nghiem ddng rudng dupe tien hanh tai Chi nhanh Vien Kinh te Ky thuat thudc la tai Bic Giang (xa Bao Son, huyen Luc Nam, tinh Bic Giang) gdm 5 cdng thiie vdi 3 lin nhic lai, thi nghiem dupe bo tii theo so do khdi nglu nhien day du (RCBD), dien tieh mdi d thi nghidm 11 43,2 m^ vbi nhimg cdng thiic (CT) nhu sau:

CT 1: 200 kg N + 300 kg P2O5 + 200 kg K^O/ha (Ndn) (Pdi ehiing).

CT 2: N&n + 1 tan phan htiu ea vi sinh Sdng Gianh/ha.

CT 3: Nen + 1 tan phan hiiu co vi smh Sdng Gianh + SOkgZnSO^/ha.

CT 4: Nen + 1 tan phan hiiu ca vi sinh Qud Lam/ha.

CT 5: Nen + 1 tan phin hiiu ca vi sinh Que Lim + 50kgZnSO4/ha

Trdng trpt, cham sdc, tiiu hoach theo quy trinh hudng din cua Cdng ty Co phan Duac pham Ble Ninh. Ngay trdng 17/03/2018; bdn lot 60% phan lan, 100% phan hiiu co vi sinh va ZnSO*. Bdn thuc dot 1 (05/07/2018); bdn 40% phan lan, 60% phin dam. Bdn

thuc dgt 2 (11/09/2018); bdn 40% phan dam, bdn 100% phin kaU. Ngay tiiu hoach 22/01/2019.

Nang suit cii dugc thu theo timg d thi nghiem vl can true tiep tai ddng rudng.

Phan tich ham luong curcumin tich liiy trong cu theo phuang phip trich ly.

PHKCI cua dat dupe xac dinh theo tidu chuan Vi^t Nam TCVN 5979:2007. (JSO 10390 : 2005).

OM (%) cua dat duge xic dmh theo tieu chuan Viet Nam TCVN 8941:2011.

Ham lugng N tdng sd (%) cua dat dugc phan tich theo tieu chuan Viet Nam TCVN 6498:1999.

Ham luong N dd tidu cua dit dupe phan tich tiieo tieu ehuan Viet Nam TCVN 5255 :2009.

Him lugng PgOg tong sd (%) cua dit dugc phin tich theo tidu chuan Vidt Nam TCVN 8940 :2011.

Him lugng P2O5 d l tidu Oniani cua dat dupe phan tich theo tidu chuan Viet Nam TCVN 5256 :2009.

Ham lugng K2O tdng sd (%) ciia dat dugc phan tich theo tieu chuin Viet Nam TCVN 8660 :2011.

Ham lugng K2O trao ddi ciia dat dupe phan tich theo tieu ehuan Viet Nam TCVN 8569 :2010.

Ham luong Zn tong sd trong dit dupe phan tich theo tieu chuan Viet Nam TCVN 8246:2009.

Cac ehi tieu vi sinh vat dit bao gom: Vi khuan tdng sd theo TCVN 4884:2005, nam tdng sd tiieo TCVN 8275-1,2 :2010, xa khuan tdng sd tiieo TCVN 4884:2005, vi khuan Azotobacter tiieo TCVN 6166:2002; dupe nudi cay va theo ddi tren mdi trudng chuydn tinh ban rin.

Cie chi tieu sinh hda hgc dat dupe phan tieh tai Bd mdn Ndng hda, Khoa Quan ly dit dai va Bd mdn Vi sinh vat, Khoa Mdi trudng, Hgc vien Ndng nghidp Viet Nam,

Chi ti^u curcumin dupe phan tich tai Vien Dugc lidu.

Sd Udu thi nghiem dupe xii ly bing phin mem Excel va IRRI STAT

3. KEF QUA NGHHI CUU VA THAO LUAN 3.1. Ttnh chit dit hudc thi nghidm

Dat ti^n hanh thi nghidm thudc nhdm dat chua it, ham luong chit huu ca tong sd d miic tiiap do dit bi rua trdi va lau ngiy khdng dupe bdn phan huu co.

70 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 5/2019

KHOA HOC CONG NGHE Dam v^ kali tong so cr muc c^n dual cua nguong

trung binh, lan t6ng so 6- nguong giiia ciia miic trung binh; cimg v6i do dam d i ti«u va kali trao doi o miic trung binh (dat 4,5 va 12,5 mg/100 g dat), tuy nhien lan dJ ti6u lai a miic ngheo (8,5 mg/100 g dat). Dieu nay cho thay trong dieu kien moi trudng d^t chua va chua it mac dii ham Immg lan tong so co t h i tnmg binh hoac cao song ham liigng lan d l tieu lai thap do bi CO dinh khdng duoc giai phong ra khoi keo d^t, vi vay c4y tr6ng rat kho khan trong vi«c d6ng hoa lan.

Ket qua nay ciing phii hop vm ket qua nghien ciiu cua NguySn Xuan Thanh va NguySn The Binh nam 2010 va 2011 trSn dat bac mau Bic Giang.

Baiig 1. Mpt s6 tinh chA sinh h6a hgc ciia tit tr^ng STT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Chi tieu PHKCI

OM N„

P,0^

K,0„

Na, PjOsa, K.0„

Zn„

Vi khuan tong so Nam tdng sd Xa khuan tong

sd Azotobacter

Donvi tinh

%

% %

%

mg/100 g mg/100 g^

mg/100 g mg/kg CFU/g

cru/g

CFU/g CFU/g

Gia tri 5,89 1,96 0,13 0,08 1,01 4,5 8,5 12,5 28,03 15.500x10=

Sxlff"

2x10"

4x10=

Trong san xuat ndng nghiep kem ddng vai trd nhu la mdt loai phan vi lupng tuy thudc theo timg ddi tuang cay trdng. Nguyen td Zn anh hudng den su tong hgp sinh hpc axit indol axetic; la thanh phan thiet yen cua men metanola-enzun cacbonic, anhydra2:a, anxohol dehydrogenaza. Kem ddng vai trd quan trpng trong qua trinh tong hgp axit nucleic va protein, ciing vdi do kem cdn giiip cho viec tang cudng kha nang su dung dam va lan trong eay. Ham lugng Zn tdng sd ti-ong dit thi nghidm dat miie 28,03 mg/kg dit d nguong dudi trung binh so vdi nhu ciu ctia cay nghe.

Vi sinh vat dat dupe coi la mdt trong nhiing chi thi smh hge cua mdi trudng dit, thdng tiiudng dat giau chit hiru ca, dat tdt thi mat dp vi sinh vat dat cao. K^t qua nghien ciiu cho thay: vi khuin tdng sd chiem nhieu nhit (15,5x10^ CFU/g dit), xa khuan

tong sd v l n i m tdng sd dao ddng tii 2x10^ den 5x10^

CFU/g dat; dac biet trong mdi trudng dat edn ed su hien dien cua vi khuan c6 dinh N2 tu do Azotobacter vbi mat dp 4x10^ CFU/g dit. Qua day cd the thiy mac dii dat cd h i m lupng chit hiiu ca tdng sd thip, song vln cd mdt quan the vi sinh dit ton tai va phit tri^n d day; quy luat vd tiianh phan, mat do vi sinh vat dit cung tuong tu nhu edng bd ciia cac tac gia Nguydn Xuan Thinh va cong su, 2007; Hoang Hai, 2008; Nguyin The Bmh va Nguyin Xuan Thanh, 2010,2011.

3.2. Anh hirdng ciia bdn k^t hgp d^n nang suit ngh§

Bang 2. Naiig su^t cii nghfi Cdng thuc

1 2 3 4 5

cr(x)

l^l^o.as

Nang suat (Uin/ha)

18,7 19,9 21,0 19,7 20,6 2,0 0,8

So vm ddi chiing (%) 100,0 106,4 112,3 105,4 110,4

Thdi gian tii trdng den khi thu hoach nghe khoang gin 1 nam, khi than la tren mat dat heo tan va khd, dd la thdi diem thieh hop de thu hoach cu nghe. Ket qua d bang 2 cho thiy: nSng suit cu nghe dao ddng 18,7 den 21,0 tan/ha; cac cdng tinie thi nghiem deu cd nang suit tang cao ban so vdi ddi chiing va vugt gidi han sai khac nhd nhit cd y nghia d dp tin 95% (tang ti> 5,4 den 12,3% so vdi doi chung).

Viec bdn ket hop phan vd ca, phin hiru ca vi sinh va Zn da lam tang cd y nghia nang suit cu so vol vide chi bdn ket hpp giiia phan vd co va phin hiiu co vi sinh; tuy nhien su sai khac giiia viec bdn phin hihi ea vi smh Sdng Gianh v l phin hiru ca vi sinh Que Lam la khdng rd rdt. Ket qua tren cd duoc la do khi ehiing ta bdn phan hiiu ca vi sinh da bd sung mdt phin chat huu ca cimg vdi mpt lupng Idn vi sinh vat huu ich vao mdi trudng dit, qua do giup cai thien mdi trudng dit, tang qui tiinh phan giai chuyen hda cae chit khd tan, tang ham luong chit dinh dudng dd tieu. Cung vdi dd viec bo sung Zn da hoat hda mgt sd enzim trong hd rd cua ciy trdng va cua vi sinh vat kich thieh cac qua trinh phan giai chuyen hda. Diy la nhiing tien de rit quan trpng d^ giup eho eay nghe smh trudng, phat trien tdt, qua dd cho nang suit cu

NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 5/2019 ⁷¹

KHOA HOC CONG NGlie nghe eao hon. Ket qua nay cung phu hop vdi nhiing

cdng bd cua P. S. Sentiiil Kumar et al., 2004 v l nhimg ket qua nghien cuu cua Nguydn Tlie Binh va Nguydn Xuan Thanh, 2010, 2011 khi nghien ciiu hieu qua cua phan huu ca vi sinh ti:-en cay thude la tai Luc Nam.

Bic Giang,

3.3. Anh huong cua bdn k ^ hgp dhx tich Itiy curcumin trong cii ngh§

2 3 Cangihijt

Hinh 1. Him lupng curcumin trong cac edng thiic thi nghidm

Ham lugng curcumin trong eii nghe la thanh phin quan trpng nhat, nd anh hudng den hieu qua tach chiet va tinh chit dirge ly cua cii nghe. Cdng thiic 3 v l 5 cd ham lugng curcumin cao rihlt v l cao han so vol edng thiie doi ehiing tii 0,4% den 0,43%;

cae edng thiic bdn ket hgp d^u eho ham lupng curcumin eao hem so vdi ddi ehiing (6,35%); dac biet ham lugng curcumin d cac cdng thiic nay ddu cao hon 6,5%, dat yen can dat hang ciia nha may. Kdt qua nay II do mdi trudng dat da dugc cai thien rd ret khi bdn phin hiiu ca vi sinh, tir dd thiic day qua trinh hut

va tich liiy vat chit vao cu nghe; cung vai d- neo kei qua nghien emi cua P. S. Senthil Kumar et aL. 2004 bdn kem vio dat trdng nghe khdng nhiing giup c ^ nghe tang cudng hut Zn ma cdn xuc tien qua tiinh dong hda K, N, P va Fe; qua trinh nay dac biet dui^

tang cudng khi cd su tham gia cua he vi sinh vat vung rd, qua dd lam t a r s viec tich liiy curcumin trong cu nghe.

3.4. Anh hudng cua bdn k^t hpp d^n mOt s6 tinh ch& hda hgc d i t tiidng ngh$

Viec bdn ket hgp phan hiiu ca vi sinh va kem co xu hudng lam tang PHRG ^at, tuy nhien hieu qua lam giam dp chua eua dit la khdng rd r^t, mdi trudng d i van d ngudng ehua it (PHKQ dao ddng tu 5,68 dai 6,01); him lugng chit huu ca tdng so (OM) cung co xu hudng tang len. song vln nim a ngudng th^.

Dieu nay cho thiy kha nang eai tag dat khi bdn ket hgp vdi phan hiru ea vi sinh, tuy nhien muon co hifin qua rd rang can phai bdn lien tuc trong mdt thdi gian dai va da dupe nhieu tae gia khang djnh trong cac k^

qua nghien eiiu (Nguydn Xuan TTilnh va edng sii, 2007; Hoang Hai, 2008; Nguydn The Binh va Nguyin Xuan Thanh, 2010, 2011). Ham lugng dam va kaH tdng sd cd chidu hudng gia tang so vdi cdng thiic da chiing; dam tdng sd da tang tir miic ngheo len nnic tnmg binh; kali tong sd tuy cd tang song van b muc trung binh; nhu vay vdi viee bd sung mdt lugng ptian hiiu ca vi sinh ket hpp vdi su ed mat eua vi khuan cti dinh NT tu do da lam tang ham lugng dam trong flat Ham lupng lan tong sd giam so vdi cdng thiic doi chiing; nguyen nhan la do su tac ddng cua hd vi aoh vat dat trong phan hiiu ca vi sinh ket hpp vdi mn trudng dat dupe cai thien da lam tang eudng qua trinh phan giai, ehuyen hda lan khd tan thanh dk tan de giup eho cay trdng ddng hda duge mpt each Al dang va thuan lai.

CT 1 2 3 4 5 Hai

PHKCI 5,57 5,90 6,01 5,84 5,68 n lupng C

OM

(%)

1,94 2,00 1,98 2,01 2,00 am, lan,

N

(%)

0,12 0,15 0,15 0,14 0,15 kali d i t

P2OS

(%)

0,12 0,09 0,08 0,09 0,10 ieu o c a

K2O

(*)

1,15 1,27 1,21 1,23 1,19 c cdng t

Xdt (mg/100 gdat)

4.8 7,1 7,7 6,9 7,4 j ^ bon ket h

P2OS (mg/100 gdat)

9,6 17,3 19,2 17,0 18,70 jp da tang dang

K,0 (mg/100 g

dat) 13,1 14,5 15,1 13,9

lif~

<e so vol doi cl Zn (mgligl

27,0 26,0 29,1 25,1 304 ling, trong 72 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 5/20lt

KHOA HOC CdNG NGHE dd cdng thiic 3 co ham lucmg chat dinh duong dd heu

la cao nh& flan luot Id 7,7 mg N/100 g dat, 19,2 mg P A / 1 0 0 g dat va 15,1 mg K2O /lOO g djit), dat nguong giau lan va kali dd tieu. Day la mot trong nhiing tiia de rit quan trpng thuc iiy qua hinh smh trudng va phat hien ciia cay nghe, qua do lam tang ham lupng curcumin tich luy trong cu nghe. Ket qua nay dong nhat vdi nhting nghien ciiu cua P. S.

Senthil Kumar et al., 2004; Nguydn Xuan Thinh va cpng su, 2007; Hoang Hai, 2008; NguyJn The Binh va NguySn Xuan Thanh, 2011.

Sd lieu a bang 3 cho thiy, viec bon ket hpp phan vd CO v6i phan hfiu co vi sinh da lim tang qua trinh hiit Zn ciia cay, ddng thdi viec bd sung kem cimg gdp phan lam cho mdi truong dit duy tri ham lupng kem can thidt ddi vdi cay nghe, trong dd dat cao nhat d cong thiic 5 (30,4 mg Zn/kg dit).

3.5. Anh hudng cua bdo k^t hop d^n mOt sd tinh chit siiih hpc iit trong nghd

Vi sinh vat dit cd vai trd quan trpng trpng qua trinh hinh thinh, phat trien va bien ddi cua dat, gdp phan cai thien ket cau dat, tang cudng qua trinh phin giai, chuydn hda trong dat, lam cho dat toi xdp, thoang khi, giup cho ciy trdng sinh trudng, phat trien tdt.

Biiig 4. Mot s^ tinh chit sinh hpc dit trdng nghfe

CT 1 2 3 4 5

VKTS (10=

CFU/g) 16.300 24600 28.700 24.800 28.200

NTS (Iff"

CFU/g) 7,2 12,6 14,5 13,0 14,8

XKTS (10»

CFU/g) 2,5 3,5 3,8 3,6 4,0

Azotobacter (10=

CFU/g) 4,2 5,2 5,6 4,9 5,4 Qua theo ddi va phan tich thay ring, tat ca cdng thiic bdn ket hgp vdi phan huu ca vi sinh va kem ddu cd mat dd vi sinh vat dat (vi khuan tdng sd (VKTS), nam tdng sd (NTS), xa khuan tong sd (XKTS) va vi khuin Azotobactef) eao hon so vdi edng thiic ddi bhiing; di^u nay cd dugc la do mdi trudng dit da riuoc cai thien theo chieu hudng tdt len, vi vly nd

^ c h thich he vi smh v^t ban dia sinh trudng, phat jTi^n, mat khic khi bdn phin hiiu co vi smh vao dat rJa bo sung mdt luong Idn vi sinh vat him ieh vao 'rong mdi hudng diL Rit nhieu nha khoa hoc da

^hang dinh dit nlo cd thanh phin va sd lupng vi sinh

vat phong phu thi b dd tinh chit ndng hda, thd nhudng dat thudng 11 tdt (Nguydn Xuan Thanh va cgng su, 2007; Hoang Hai, 2008; Nguyin The Bmh va Nguydn Xuan Thinh, 2010, 2011). Cac cdng thiic bdn kdt hgp phan vd ca, phan hiiu co vi sinh va kem thudng cd he vi sinh vat dit phong phu hon so vdi bdn ket hgp phan vd ca v l phin hiiu ca vi sinh; trong do cdng thiic 3 cd mat do vi sinh vat dat cao nhit b tat ca cic chi tieu phan tich, cao nhit la ehi tieu vi khuin tong sd (28,7 x 10^ CFU/g dit). Ket qua nay cang lam sang td them vai trd ciia viec bdn ket hop phan hiiu ca vi sinh vdi kem ddn sinh trudng, phat tri^n v l tich luy curcumin trong cu nghd.

4. KFT LUAN

- Dit thi nghiem cd phan iing chua it, chit hiiu ca tdng sd d miic thip, ham lupng cac chat dinh dudng Ak tieu (N, P, K) d miic tnmg binh va ngheo;

trong dat vi khuan tdng sd chi^m nhieu nhit 15,5 x lO^CFU/lgdat

- Bdn k^t hgp phin vd ca vdi phin huu ca vi sinh va kem da lam tang nang suit cii nghe cd y nghia, ti-ong dd tang cao nhat khi bdn 200 kg N + 300 kg P2O5 + 200 kg K2O + 1 tin phin huu ca vi sinh Sdng Gianh + 50 kg ZnSO/ha (dat 21,0 tIn/ha), cao hon 12,3% so vdi ddi ehiing chi bdn phan N, P, K. Cd su sai khac cd y nghia giiia bdn va khdng bdn bd sung kem, khdng cd sir sai khac giGa hai loai phin hiiu ca vi sinh (phin hiiu cavi sinh Que Lam va phin hiiu ca vi sinh Sdng Gianh) ddn nang suit cii nghe.

- Bdn kdt hpp da lim tang ham lupng curcumin trong cii nghd, khi dugc bdn them phan hiiu ca vi sinh hoae phan hiiu ca vi sinh + kem ham lugng curcumin d^u tang cao hon so vdi ddi chiing va d^u vupt ngudng 6,5%, dap iing tieu chuin cua n h i san xuit, ti-ong dd bdn 200 kg N + 300 kg P2O5 + 200 kg K2O + 1 tin phan hiiu co vi sinh Sdng Gianh + 50 kg ZnS04/ha dat cao nhit (6,78%).

- Mdi truong dat sau thi nghiem da dupe cai thien theo chidu hudng tdt Idn, dac biet ham lupng elc chit dinh dudng dd tieu, mat dd vi sinh vat dit tang cao han so vdi ddi chiing, trong do bdn mdt trong hai loai phan him ca vi sinh + kem cd hieu qua cao nhit. Vide bdn bd sung kem da gdp phin lam tang kha nang hiit kem cda eay nghe va khdng lam giam ham lupng kem trong dit trong nghe.

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89:361-370. 8- Nguydn The Binh, Nguydn Xuan Thanh . „ „ ^ , .,„„^. „. . n- . 1 (2010). Anh hudng cua phan hmi ca vi sinh Sdng 4. Osawa T., et al. (1995). Biosci. Biotech. 1^. , ' . .^ ,.7 I t.- i u - u A-' - n- , rr^ irr^t^ ,^i<. Giauh tTcu mot SO luong dam tiou loiac utiau dcn CBV Bioehem.,59:1609-1612. . ^ - v ^ . ^, .> , " % " ^ D^ ^- .

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Effect of Zn enriched organic manures and zinc solubdizer apphcation on the yield, curcumin content and nutrient status of soil under turmeric cultivation.

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nang suit va chit lupng thude la nguyen lieu. Tap chi 6. Nguydn Xuan Thinh, Ninh Mmh Phuong, Khoa hoc v l Phit tiien - Trudng Dai hpc Ndng Nguydn Tlid Binh (2007). Quy tiinh san xuat phin nghidp HI Ndi, 9(3) :347-353.

EFFECT OF APPUCATION OF ORGANIC-MICROORGANISM FEKnUZER AND ZINC IN COMBINATION ON THE CURCUMIN ACCUMULATION IN TUBER AND NUTRIENT

STATUS OF SOIL UNDERTURMERIC CULTIVATION IN LUC NAM - BAC GIANG Nguyen The Binh, Ha Van Tu Summary

A field experiment was carried out in Bao Son commune, Luc Nam district, Bac Giang province to study the effect of application of organic-microorganism fertilizer and zinc In combination on the yield, curcumin content and soil environment under turmenc cultivation. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) for 5 treatments with 3 replications. The experimental soil had low acidity reaction with the available N, P, K content from poor to medium and mostly total bactena in the soil.

Application of orgamc-microorganism fertihzer and zinc in combination showed higher turmeric tuber yield significandy than the control treatment (only chemical fertilizer), and apphcation 200 kg N + 300 kg P2O5 + 200 kg K2O + 1 ton Sdng Gianh organic-microorgamsm + 50 kg ZnSO/ha was the highest with increase of 12.3%. For the tuber yield, there was significant difference between zinc addition and not zinc addition, but they were similar among two kmds of organic-microorgamsm fertilizers. The curcumin content increased higher in application organic-microorgamsm or organic-microorganism + 50 kg ZnS04/ha than the control treatment, and were aU over 6.5%. The improved soil envu-onment in all combination treatments, the content of available nutnents and soil microorgamsm density were higher than the control. The additional zmc had increased the zinc absorbability of turmenc and stably maintained the content of zinc in soil.

Keywords: Curcumin content, organic-microorgamsm fertilizer, turmenc, zinc.

Ngudi phan bien: TS. Bui Huy H i ^ Ngiy nhin bii: 15/3/2019 Ngay thdng qua phan bi^n: 16/4/2019 Ngiy duyfit dang: 23/4/2019

74 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 5/2019