IAP Ml ceiie Time
ANH HUdNG CUA TRACH NHIE ' 1 XA HOI DOANH NGHIEP DEN Sl^
GAN KET NHAN VIEN THONG QUA VAI TRO TRUNG GIAN CUA NIEM TIN TO CHLfC:
KET QUA NGHIEN CtfU THlJC NGHIEM
* TRAN THI NHINH
T 6 M TAT:
Tai Viet Nam, thffc hien eae trach nhiem xd hdi ciia doanh nghiep (TNXHDN) hien chffa dffde cdc doanh nghiep hieu tha'u ddo ve viec ti/ nguydn tham gia vd ldi (ch, cung nhff tim quan trpng trong trien khai TNXHDN.
Trong bdi viet nay, tac gia nghien cffu md'i quan he gifla TNXHDN vd sff gan ke't cua nhan vien thdng qua bie'n trung gian ciia niem tin to chffc, dong didi tnnh bay ke't qud thflc nghidm thdng qua khao sdt 480 nhdn vien lam viee trong ITnh vflc ngan hang tai TP. Ho Chi Minh.
Tiif khoa: Trdch nhiem xd hdi doanh nghiep. sff gdn ke't nhdn vidn, niem tin to chiJc, ITnh vffc ngdn hdng, Viei Nam.
l.Gidithi^u
Thffc trang nhan sff ITnh vffc ngan hang dang cd nhflng bien ddng lien tuc nhff: thie'u nhan sff cd chuyen mdn cao. nhdn vien bd nghe vi sfl nii ro.
\.\... Theo bao cdo cua To chffc Lao ddng Qudc te' (ILO). nhu cau dao tao mdi nhan Iffc nganh Tdi chinh ngdn hang giai doan 2016 - 2020 cua Viet Nam la tren 1.6 trieu ngfldi vd de'n ndm 2020. long sd nhdn Iflc lam viec trong ngdnh ngan hang khoang 300.000 ngfldi.
Cac nghien cffu gan da\ ve TNXHDN d Viel Nam Ui> sd Ifliiiij: kha uhie'i nhu'ng \an jon han che. Cd mdt so nahien cuu ;ii.ini; iinh long hop \\
ludn va dfla ra nhflng nhan dinl',. danh gij nl chii quan \d kmh nghiem (Nguyen Dinh Cung \d Lflu Mmh Dffc. 2008): (Tran Qudc Trung. Nguven
Dodn Chau Trinh, 2012); Mdt so'nghien cffu mdi chi dflng lai d thd'ng ke md ta (Bui Thi Lan Huong, 2010); Mdt vai nghien cffu dinh Iffdng d phamvi nhd (Chau Thi Le Duyen; Nguydn Minh Cdnh, 2012); (Nguydn Tan Vu, Dfldng Lien Ha, 2012);
Md rdng la nghien cffu ve khia canh cam nhdn cia khach hang (Nguyen Hong Hd, 2016). Ngodi nhflng nghien cffu ve anh hfldng TNXHDN den si/
gan ke't nhan vien cdn ra't ban che. Tac ddng cua cdc md'i quan he hay nhffng ket qua cua v^n di nay dfldng nhfl chfla dfldc kiem chffng, ddnh gii day dQ. trong bdi canh ciia Vidi Nam ndi chung, vd ITnh vffc ngan hdng mii ] leng
Nghidn effuse lap tru- ird 'd, cue cau hoisau:
11 Kiem dinh thang di.
2) Kiem dinh md hinh nt! ::„ ,,,,
132 So 8 - T h o n g 4/2020
QUAN TRj-QUANLY
3) Dffa ra hdm y quan tri cho cdc nha quan tri cua cac TCTD trong ITnh vffc ngan hang de nang cao \ iec thffc hien TNXHDN vd nang eao sff gdn ket nhan vien.
2. Cd sd ly thuye't 2.1. Ly thuyet nen
Trong nghien cffu tde gia sff dung ly thuyel nhdn dien (ban sdc) xa hdi, ly thuye't trao dd'i xd hpi ldm ly thuyel nen.
2.2. .\fd hinh nghien cdu vd gid thuye't Nghien cffu ciia (Maignan va cdng sff, 1999) ve md'i quan he giffa nhan thffc cua TNXHDN vd gdn kS't Clia nhdn vien eho tha'y sff tich cffe giffa nhdn thffc ve moi khia canh cila TNXHDN (Kinh le, Phdp lual, Dao dffe vd Tff thien) ciia Carroll (1979) vd sff g^n ke't ciia nhan vien vdi to' chffc Clia ngfldi sff dung lao dpng. Sau dd (Peterson, 2004); (Rego va cdng sfl, 2010) da phan lich md'i quan he ifldng tff gifla nhan thflc TNXHDN va gdn ke't Clia nhdn vien.
Khi nhdn vien nhdn thffc dffoe cdng ty thyc hien cdc hoat dpng TNXHDN diy dii dd'i vdi cdc ben lidn quan thi nhan vien cd the' tin tffdng to chffc se cam ke't vdi ho, tfl dd, hp cung se gan ke't vdi to chffc. Sfl gin ke't cua nhan vien khdng the qua cao neu hp khdng thay trdch nhiem cua to ehflc. Tff thao luan tren, gia thuyet sau da dffdc de xua't.
HI: TNXHDN vd sU gdn ke't nhdn vien cd mdi quan he nhdn qud ducfng
Trdeh nhiem xa hdi cua cdng ty ddng vai trd quan trpng trong viec dinh hinh long tin cua nhan vien vdo to chffc, do do anh hffdng den thai dp vd hdnh vi ciia hp (Fukukawa va cdng sff, 2007, Perrini va Castaldo 2008, Rupp vd cdng sff, 2006).
Cdc nhd nghien cffu irffdc day da gdi y, ne'u nhdn vien nhan thffc dffdc td chffc cua ho cd hanh vi thieu ttdch nhiem thi hp se cd kha nang bieu Id Ihdi dd vd hanh vi rieu cflc trong cdng viec. Ngffdc lai, ne'u nhdn vien nhan tha'y td ehffe eua hp hoat d0ng theo each ed trdch nhiem xd hdi cao. thdm chi dd'i vdi nhffng ngffdi ben trong vd ngoai td chffc.
hp cd the ed thdi dp tich effc ve cdng ty vd ldm viec hieu qua hdn (Rupp va cdng sff, 2006). Dieu nay hinh thdnh gia thuyet sau:
H2: TNXHDN vd niem tin td chdc cd mdi quan he nhdn qud ducfng.
Theo Rogers (1995) khang dinh, sff tin tffdng la mdt ddc tinh cd ban trong mdi trfldng lam viec ly
tffdng. Sfl tin cay giffa cae ben la ddng Iflc ciia mo'i quan he vi nd lam tang > dinh hdp tde va mong dpi lien tue (Andaleeb. 1996; Anderson va Weitz.
1992; Ganesan, 1994). Nhieu nghien cffu da diffc hien theo iy thuye't niem tin va gan ke't ciia Morgan va Hunt (1994). da nhd'n manh tam quan trong eua niem tin nhff lien de chinh cua sff gdn ke't tinh cam (Bansal va cdng sff. 2004; Kim va Frazier, 1997;
Ruyter vd Wetzels, 1999; Rylander va cdng sff, 1997 ve quan he lao dpng).
Niem lin ton tai d ea'p dp lam viec nhdm (ni^m tin giffa cdc thanh vien trong nhdm), cap do lanh dao (niem tin giffa nhan vien vd ldnh dao), ca'p d^
td chffc (giffa nhan vien va td chffc), vd ca'p dp giffa cdc td chffc. Niem tin manh hay ye'u luy thupc vao mffc dp Ifldng tde (Wong va cdng sfl, 2003) vd hodn canh ton lai ciia cdc md'i quan he (Bedford, 2011).
H3: Niem fin to chdc vd sUgdn ket nhdn vien cd mdi cjiian he nhdn qud ducmg
3. Phufdng phap nghien cd'u
Nghien cffu sff dung phffdng phdp dinh tinh k6't hop vdi phfldng phap nghien cffu dinh Ifldng.
Phfldng phap nghien cflu dinh tinh dfldc thffc hien thdng qua ky thual phdng va'n 15 nhan vien lam viee trong ITnh vffc ngan hang tai TP. Ho Chi Minh, nhdm dieu chinh thang do cho phii hdp vdi thi trfldng d Viet Nam. Thang do Likert 5 bae tfl 1 (hoan loan khdng ddng y) de'n 5 (hoan toan ddng y).
3 khdi niem dfldc nghien cffu trong bdi deu la cac khdi niem da hfldng vdi thang do TNXHDN Clia Turkey (2009b), gdm 4 thdnh phan va 17 bie'n quan sat. Ket qua nghien cffu chi cdn 3 thanh phan. thdnh phan thff 4 TNXHDN dd'i vdi Chinh phii gdm 2 bid'n quan sdt da bi bd di. Thang do sff gan ke't nhan vien cua May vd cdng sfl (2004) va Schaufeh vd Bakker (2006) gdm 5 thanh phan 17 bien quan sal, lac gia da de xud't gop lai cdn 3 thdnh phan vi mdt sd' thanh phan bie'n quan sdt cd y nghTa gid'ng nhau. Thang do niem lin td chffc cua Reychav va Sharkie (2010) gdm 4 thanh phan va 23 bie'n quan sdt.
Phffdng phap nghien cffu dinh Iffdng nham kiem dinh Old hinh vd gia thuyet nghien cffu thdng qua phan mem SPSS 20.0 va AMOS 24.0, didng qua dfl lieu ddOc ihu thdp bdng bang hdi phdng vd'n iheo phffdng phdp chpn mau diuan tien, Tong sd phie'u dieu tra phdt ra Id 500 phie'u, so'phie'u thu ve Id 490
So 8-Thong 4/2020 133
TAP Cll C i u TMlIC
phieu trj ldi ffng voi i> le Ij ys'"r Trong dd. cd 10 phieu bi loai Ju J.ip Mcn khdng ira ldi hel ihdng tin trong bang cdu hui Kel quA cd 480 phie'u hop ie dfldc sir dung lam dfl lieu cho chffOng trinh nghien cffu lai 5 ngan hdng: VIETCOMBANK. \ IB.
BIDV. SACOMB.\NK. ACB.
4. Ke't qua nghien cii'u
•/. /. Ket qud kiem dinh thang do bdng dg tin cgy Ke't qua chay cronbach's alpha vdi thang do TNXHDN giff nguyen 15 bie'n quan sal. Thang do sff gdn ke't nhan vien ehd\ idn I ke't qua he sd Iffdng quan bien tdng ciia hien C.A2 = 0.176 < 0.3.
loai bie'n CA2; cha_\ lai lan 2 cronbach's alpha tfl 0.867 tang len 0.940. vd ED3 = 0.210 < 0.3. loai bien ED3;chay lai lan 3 cronbach's alpha tff 0.868 ldng len 0.935 thang do cdn 15 bie'n quan sdt.
Thang do niem lin td chffc chay lan 1 ke't qua RE5 = 0.165 < 0.3. loai bien RE5; chay lai lan 2 cronbach's alpha tfl 0.761 tdng len 0.865. PS3 = 0.2-39: PS8 = 0.170 <0.3. loai 2 bie'n PS3 vd PS8:
chay lai ldn 3 cronbach's alpha tff 0.846 tdng len 0.937. va TM2 = 0.173: TM5 = 0.198 < 0.3 loai 2 bie'n TM2.TM5.ch^\ lai lan 2 cronbach's alpha iff 0.651 tang len 0. 887 thang do con 18 bien quan sal. Theo kei qua Bang 1 cho lha'>. cronbach's
Bang 1. Ket qud kiem djnh thang do bdng do tin cqy cronbach's alpha
Thang do TNXHDN
TNXHDN ddi voi cac 16 chiic Ii6n quan xa hgi va phi xa hdi TNXHDN doi voi nhan vten TNXHDN doi voi khach hang Sugan kei nhan vien Tinh cam D?o dffc Duy tn Mem bn to chue Ky vpng ve phan Ihudng Ho'tro lmh than Niem tm 6 quan ly Giatn quan ly
N \:ui'ii: KCI quo •- l\- mc
134 So 8-Thong 4.2020
Cronbach's alpha
828 902 .917
940 935 .900
865 .937 887 ,911 leu .-uo nil -id. 21119
alpha cua cdc thang do ihanh plt.m cu.i 3 Ihang it, chinh irong nghien ctfu deu cu u > 0,
•t.2. Kil qua phan licit nhan td • I '
Bang 2. Ket q u a phdn tich nhan to EFA K]MO = .888 ' Bartlett's test Sig = .000 Thanh: Eigen-value ^
phan I Tong so | % Phudng sal , %c$ngd6n 1 I 9.147 19.885 19.885 2 1 4 676 10 166 30 060
7.403 I 37.453 42.727 2 351 5.110 ; 47 3 ' 3.405
4 I 2.426 5.274 5
4.845 2.229
1 932 I 4 200 1 548 ' 3.366 1 362 I 2.960 1,204
5.110 I ll.s.
52.683 - J
60 248~1
Nguon: Ki't qud .vd iy dit lieu ciia Idc gid. 2019
Kel qua Bang 2 va Bang 3 cho tha'y, Eigen- value > I, ket qua Icieni dinh KMO = 0,888 > 0,5, Bartleir,s test: Sig = ,000, cac bien deu gom lai tlieo titng Ihiinh phan vii co he so tai tifdng doi cao.
Kel quii cua Biing 2 va Bdng 3 cho thS'y, c^c lieu chi do ludng deu thoa man yeu cau va du dieu kien dUa vao phiin tich mo hinh SEIVl de kiem djnll ciic gia Ihuye'i trong mo hinh de xua't nghien c(?u,
4.2. Kel qui mo hlnh SEM
Ke't qua ifdc Iifdng {chuan hda) ciia cac tham so chinh trong mo hinh ly Ihuye't dUdc Irinil bayfl Bang 4 va ke't qua chuiin hoa difdc the hien d Hinh I. Ta CO the tha'y ta't ca cac moi quan he deu Ci3^
nghTa Ihd'ng ke (p =< 0,05), nghTa la cac gia Ihuyel HI, H2, H3 ve moi quan he nia cac khai niemde ra trong mo hlnh nghien cifu dSu difdc chap nhSn,
5, Ket luan hiim y quan tri
Kel quii nghien cdu Hinh 1 cho thay, TNXHDN CO tiic dong difdng manh nhii'i de'n nilm tin td MC tie'p theo TNXHDN cd i. , Jftng i|„(,ng ^„t, M2 den Slf giin ke't nhan vii
to chifc CO lac dpng difdng Ucn ^i; ^; cling la niem on ill '?'l nhan villt
QUANTRi-qUANLY
Bong 3. Ket quo tdi ve cdc nhdn to sou khi xoay mo tron
—
CSI CS2 CS6 CS3 CSS CS4 CA3 CA4 CAS CA1 CA6 CA7 CE3 CE4 CE1 CE2 CE6 CES EDS ED4 ED2 ED6 EDI ED7 PS1 PS5 PS4 PS2 PS7 j PS6 j RE4 RE2 RE3
1 ,900 ,877 ,790 .790 .739 737
-
- -
-
2
.846 ,809 ,790 ,787 ,750 .700
Ma t r ^ thanh phan da xoay
3 4 | 5 ! 6 ' 7 [ 8 l 9
- ^ —
.877 .845 .735 .733 .727 .726
.816 .806 ,768 .753 .753 .646
10
.838 826 .762 717 .706 .696
"^^ 1 1
1
1
'
^
.889 .834 .813 .763
So 8 - Thang 4/2020 135
urnltiWTrtM(
1 2 TM3
TM4 TM1 V2 V1 V3 CC2 CCI CC3
1
I
MV1 1 1 MV3 1 1 1 MV2 1 1
- -
Ma t ^ Ihaih phan da xoay
3 4 5 6
1 7 867 .854 815
_
e
.853 848 .783
9
- -
.893 ,853 .789
a-
10
.821 ,812 ,786
Nguiin: Ket qud ,vi? ly dit lieu cua Idc gid. 2019
Hinh I: KSl qua mo htnh SEM (chudn hoa)
1
CM4quve*1M>10e.i)(>97e,P> 000 .-OiUiquweM • 1 3M .OFK BW . TU • 902 . CFI > SM
(f^ H H-t3
Bang 4, He so hoi quy c i j a c a c inoi quan he (chudn hoa)
Gia thuyet TiKJngquan Ude lupng S,E, C R P K«qu4 H1 TNXHDN-.SugSnl(et nhan vien 1095 ' ,369 2.971 .003 ChapnhSn H2 TNXHDN-> Niem lin td chile .467 ,123 3,794 " • cliapnh|n H3 Niem tin 16 chue-> Su gan kel nhan/ien 1,001 500 2,001 045 Chap nh|n
Ngudn: Ket qud .xi ly dit lieu cita lac gla. 2019
136 So'8 - Thang 4/2020
QQAN TBI-QUANLY
Kei qua nghien ciJu lam cd sd nit ra mot so h a m c u a n h a n v i e n v e n i e m tin to chu'c. (3) X a y difng y cho c a c nha lanh d a o cija c a c to chu'c lin d u n g c h m h sach to chu'c n h 5 m n a n g cao sif g a n kel nhan trong ITnh VLfc n g a n h a n g c u n g nhiJ c a c to chdc v i e n . Khi nhan v i e n cd c a m n h a n tot v e c a c hoat khac nhir sau: (1) X a y di^ng chinh sach va l o c h i J c d o n g T N X H D N c u a td chtfc. ho c u n g se dat n i e m thUc hien T N X H D N d a y dii c h u a n miTc, (2) X a y tin n h i e u hdn va sd gin k e t c u a h p vdi td chu'c s e dtfng chinh sdch td ehd'c n h ^ m n a n g cao nhSn thu'c cao hdn •
TAI L i t U THAM K H A O :
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70-7.
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Press.
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19. Morgan. R, M„ 4. HUM, S, D . I 19941. The comraiunenl-mjsl iheory of relalionship m.iikclm2 Joumal of tt(j/;,7fnv. ,^S,2(I-.^S
20. \ 2 u y e n Dinh Cung A; Luu Minh Due. 120081. "CSR Some iheoretical issues, inlemational experiences and pracliLcs in Vielnam". yoM/7ja/i>/'£c'""""'c Management, -t.
21. Pelerson. D K. 120041. Benefils of Panicipation in Corporate Volunleer Paigrams: Employees Pea-eptions.
PeniinalRerie«. 'iMh>.6l5-t,27
NRiiv n h a n bill: 25/.V2020
Nitii) p h a n biC'n d a n h gia va sii'a chQa: 6/4/2020 N|;ii.\ cha'p n h S n l U n g Ijai: 15/4/2020
Tltiini; tin ldi gid:
r R \ \ THI NHINH
Giang\ icn Khoa Quan tri Kinh doanh Tri/((ng Uai hoc Qu6c ie'H6n|! Bang Nghien cii'u sinh Khoa Quan trj liinh doanh Trifling Bai hpc Kinh tS'Tl', H 6 ChiMinh
IMPACT OF THE CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES ON EMPLOYEES ENGAGEMENT VIA THE MEDIATING
VARIABLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST:
EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
• TRAN THI NHINH
Lecturer, Faculty of Business Admiriistration Hong Bang international University Postgraduate student. Faculty of Business Administration
University of Economics Ho Chi Mlnti City
ABSTRVCT:
\ ic!n.nncsc enlerprises ha\e not \el fully understood and voluntarily taken their corporate social responsibilities i CSR) and they also have not completely loiown about the importance and benefils of lhe CSR for dieir businesses This study examining the relationship between Ihe CSR and the employee engagement via Ihe mediatering variables of organizalional trust and presenls the empirical results through a sur\ ey of 480 employees working in the banking sector in Ho Chi Minh Cily,
Keywords: Corporate social responsibilities, employee engagement, organizational trust, banking industry, Vietnam,
138 So 8 - Thdng 4/2020
