CHINH SACH BIEN DONG CUA
^CHINH QUYEN TONG THONG OBAMIA
^V
di nghich canh "Hdp tac toan dien trgn bd nhflng lai xung dot va cang t h a n g trgn bign", Dong N a m A dang chiu nhflng tac ddng ldn dg'n tfl cac nfldc ed sflc anh hfldng m a n h tai khu vflc. Trfldc sfl ldn m a n h vfldt troi cua Trung Qudc dang thach thflc vai trd cua My tai khu vflc Bign Dong ma ca hai nfldc ldn ddu tuyen bd^cd nhflng mo'i lien be truydn tho'ng. My tren thflc td h l u nhfl khong the tie'p tue sfl dung chinb sach "khong can dfl" nhfl trfldc day ddi vdi khu vfle nay, bdi no lign quan tnic tie'p den nhflng ldi Ich so'ng cdn cua My, va do vay, dfldng nhfl My dang chuyen sang chinh sach "can dfl mot phln'' trong chinh saeh dd'i ngoai vdi eac nfldc ven bien va ASEAN tai Biln Ddng.1. Tam q u a n trpng cua Bie'n Dong trong nhihig lofi ich cua My
Trong Chidn Iflde An n i n h Qud'c gia 2010 cua My, ldi ich an ninh qud'c gia ma My de cap bao gdm nhieu ldi ich khac n h a u , trong dd cd:
"Dam bao tfl do h a n g hai, dieu kien tign quyg't de dn dinh k h u vflc va bao vg ldi ich cua My" Nhflng ldi ich
Le Lan Anh , Vien Nghien ciiu Chdu My nay luon dUde duy tri cho du chinh quyen My cd thay ddi. Viec My gia tang anh hudng vao khu vflc chau A Thai Binh DUdng cung la dd phuc vu eac ldi ich kg tren. Ldi Ich cua My tai Bien Dong n a m trong nhdm ldi ich cua My tai khu vUc chau A Thai Binh Dfldng.
Lcfi ich vi hdng hdi
My coi tuygn dudng tren Bign Dong la tuyg'n dfldng thfldng mai quan trong nhat, la viing nUdc quo'c te cho phep tau thuyen quan sfl va thfldng mai tfl do qua lai, vi the My cho ring, bat ky mot mo'i de doa nao do'i vditii do hang hai qua Bien Dong ciing cd thg gay ra nhiing anh hudng ldn tdi kinh td khu vflc va sfl tang trfldng cua kinh te' va an ninh eua My phu thuoc vao viec duy tri tfl do hang hai vdi ca tau buon va tau quan sii^ Chinh vi nhiing ldi ich dd ma My dang ngay cang td ra quan tam hdn ddn nhflng diin bidn cua cac tranh chip trgn Bien Ddng, va viee giai quydt boa binh cac tranh chap tai hai quan dao Hoang Sa ya Trfldng Sa, va cac vung khac tren Bien Ddng. My cdn cho biet, ne'u cd xung dot xay ra. My s i n sang iing phd d l duy tri tfl do hang hai tren khu vflc Bien Ddng. Hien tai.
Ham doi Thai Binh Dudng cua My dang dong tai Nhat Ban, Hawau va Singapore do tfldng Robert Willard cbi huy boat dong tren mot vung bien rong tfl Thai Binh DUdng tdi An Do Dfldng vdi 180 tau thuyen, 1.500 may bay va 125.000 thuy thu. Ham doi co khoang hdn 50 tau qua lai hang ngay tai vung biln Thai Binh Dudng^.
Ldi ich vi an ninh, kinh ti Dfldc xac dinh la mot trong 10 vung b i l n cd trfl Ifldng d l u khi ldn n h l t the gidi, nhflng md d l u nay dflde tap trung vao eac vung bien dao, trong do ed nhidu k h u vflc hien dang ed t r a n h chap. Theo Bo Nang Ifldng My, trfl liidng d l u md d Bien Dong khoang 7 ty thung d l u , trong khi Trung t a m khao sat dia c h i t My udc tinh tdng trfl Ifldng dau md bao gdm ca nhflng ngudn nang Ifldng da dfldc k h a m pha va tidm tang d Bign Dong khoang 28 ty thung^ Trong khi dd, phia Trung Qudc tuyen bd^
trfl Ifldng ed the Ign tdi 200 ty thung, du de cung d p cho Trung Qud'c 1 ddn 2 trieu thung d l u mdi ngay, tUdng dUdng 25% Ifldng tieu thu dau md hang ngay cua Trung Quoc hien nay la 8 trieu thung^ Cd the ndi, Ifldng dau md tai k h u vflc Bign Dong trd t h a n h mot "khdi tai san khdng Id" ma bat cfl mot qudc gia nao cung mudh ed dfldc, dac biet la trong giai doan hien nay, khi gia d l u the gidi cd luc da len tdi dinh diem d mflc 145 USD/thung (thang 7/2008) va
cham day d mflc 34 USD/thung (thang 12/2008), hien tai gia d l u dang dao dong d mflc 90-100 USD/thung^ Nude My dang phai giai quyg't nhflng h a u qua nghiem trong do cuoc k h u n g hoang tai chinh kinh te' va cuoc k h u n g hoang gia d l u n a m 2008. Vi the, d l u md cang trd nen quan trong doi vdi My hdn bao gid hg't, va ngudn n a n g Ifldng ldn tfl Bien Dong nay cung cd thg se la muc tieu ma My luon hfldng tdi.
L(ii ich vi qudn sU
Ddi phd vdi cac thach thflc ve van dd an ninh truydn tho'ng va phi truyen tho'ng ludn la mot trong nhflng flu tign qudc gia h a n g d l u cua My tfl trUde ddn nay, va Bien Dong dfldc xac dinh la tuyen dudng giao thong quan trong trong be tho'ng phdng thu eua My trong viec chd'ng hai tac va khung bd^, dac biet tai eo b i l n Malacca.
Thang 4/2004, My dfla ra "Sang kidn an ninh hang hai khu vflc'' nham phat trign quan he dd'i tac vdi eac nfldc trong khu vflc cd kha nang kigm soat va ngan chan cae md'i de doa hang hai thong qua luat quoc td va luat qudc gia^. Theo dd, My dUdc phep dfla lflc Ifldng hai quan tdi eo bien Malacca d l ngan chan khung bd', hai tac, buon lau ma tuy va budn ngfldi.
Tuy nhien. Sang kien nay cua My vap phai sfl phan do'i tfl Malaysia va Indonesia vi cho r i n g trach nhigm dd'i vdi van dd an ninh tai eo bign nay la thuoc vd cae nfldc ven bien.
N h a m cung cd' ldi Ich va vi the eua minh tai B i l n Dong, My tig'p tuc duy tri eac can cfl quan sfl tai cac nfldc ddng minh nhfl N h a t Ban va Philipines. Sau "Hiep dinh trao ddi quan sfl gifla b a i nfldc" My va Philippines dfldc ky kdt n a m 1995, Ham ddi Thai Binh Dfldng cua My da dfldc phep neo dau tai cac cang eua Philippines trgn Bign Ddng.
Tfl nhflng tuyen ldi ich quan trong trgn cua My tai Bidn Dong, My da dfla r a nhflng ehinh sach doi ngoai ddi vdi k h u vflc nay, dac bigt la nhflng didu chinh chinh sach sau nam 2008.
2. Chinh sach Bie'n D o n g cua My Chinh sach doi ngoai eua My tai Bien Dong t a p t r u n g chu yg'u vao viec bao ve ldi ich cua My va ddng minh, My mud'n ed sfl p h a t trign t h u a n ldi tai Bidn Dong chfl khong phai la xung dot vu t r a n g xay ra. My cung mud'n duy tri quan h e can b l n g vdi cac nfldc ven bien d k h u vflc. Tuy nhien, chinh sach cua My tai B i l n Dong da cd it nhidu t h a y ddi khi so s i n h gifla bai giai doan trfldc va sau cudc k h u n g hoang k i n h td the gidi n a m 2008.
2.1. Chinh sdch Bien Dong cua Chinh quyen G. Bush
Nhfl da ndi d trgn, B i l n Ddng luon la mot trong nhflng mdi q u a n t a m h a n g d l u trong chinh sach dd'i ngoai cua My bdi nhflng ldi ich ma nd
mang lai. Tuy nhign, do tflng thdi ky, tflng giai doan lich sfl cd nhflng bidn d6ng rigng, nen cd the chinh sach Bign Dong cua Chinb quyen Tdng thd'ng G. Bush h l u nhU chi nha'n m a n h dg'n van de vd tii do lUu thong b a n g hai, chu trong dg'n cac van de hdp tac an ninh, quan sii theo ldi tig'p can song phUdng, va it quan t a m hdn de'n eae v l n de khac n h u an ninh va eac t r a n h c h i p trgn bien. Chinh quyen Bush it can dfl va t h i hien chu trUdng trung lap dd'i vdi v l n dd B i l n Dong. Dieu do dUde ly giai rang, do chinh sach do'i vdi Trung Qudc luc b l y gid chi phdi chinh saeh My tai Dong Nam A.
Cung ed thg la do luc b l y gid tinh binh tren B i l n Dong d i i n bie'n ehUa may phfle tap, cac t r a n h c h i p chfla nd r a cong khai, m a n h me nhfl hien nay. Vi thg', My t a p t r u n g hdn vao van dd Trung Qudc va it quan tam hdn de'n k h u vflc Dong Nam A cung nhfl cac t r a n h cha'p Bidn Dong, ma thay vao dd la duy tri cac hdp tac quan sfl vdi cac nfldc ddng minh.
2.2. Nhiing dieu chinh trong nhiem ky Tong thong Obama
Chinh sach eua Chinh quydn G.
Bush v l n se dfldc tig'p tuc dfldi thdi Obama, tuy nhien se ed nhflng dieu ehinh chien Ifldc cho p h u hdp vdi thdi ky mdi, theo ldi tig'p can da phfldng, n h a m do'i phd vdi nhflng thach thflc dang ngay cang gia t a n g tai Bien Ddng, cd nguy cd lam tdn
hai dg'n nhflng ldi ich quan trong cua My tai k h u vflc nay. Lap trfldng mdi cua My d B i l n Ddng dang tao r a cudc chie'n ngoai giao dfldc dinh hinh tai chau A trong t h a p ky tdi, do la sfl giang eo gifla My va Trung Qud'c vd vai trd ndi trdi tai k h u viic.
Lap trudng chinh sdch Bien Dong cua My:
Hien tai, lap trUdng chinh sdch Bien Ddng cua My dUdc the hien trin bd'n diem:
Mdt la. My khdng ddng tinh vdi viee de doa hoac sfl dung vu lflc dd khang dinh ygu sach qud'c gia cua b i t k^ n h a nfldc nao d Biln Dong va se xem viec sfl dung dd nhfl mot v l n dd quan trong; Hai Id, My khong cd quan dilm ve gia tri phap ly eua cac yeu sach chu quyen ed tinh canh t r a n h vdi n h a u va s i n sang giup dd cho mot giai phap hda binh vd eae ygu sach ed tinh canh t r a n h ndu dfldc cac ben ygu c l u ; Ba Id, My thuc giuc giai phap hda binh cho van dd eua eac n h a nfldc lien quan, theo phfldng. each tang cfldng hda binh, thinh vfldng va an ninh trong khu vfle; va Bdn Id, My cd ldi ich chien Ifldc trong viee duy tri eae eon dudng lign lac trong k h u vflc va xem dd la cd ban d l khdng ddng tinh vdi bat ky yeu sach vd bien nao, vfldt ngoai sfl cho phep cua Cong fldc Lign hdp qud'c ve Luat bien.
NhUng bieu hien chinh sdch:
Tdng cUdng cung cd' md'i quan hi ddng minh dd'i tdc
De tao the can bang vdi Trung Qud'c hien dang ndi Ign m a n h me tai k h u viic chau A, My tie'p tuc cung eo' bdn nfla mdi quan he ddng minh dd'i tac vdi N h a t Ban va Philippines n h l m t r i l n k h a i lflc Ifldng quan sfl dam bao a n n i n h k h u vflc va cung ed' vi the eua My tai B i l n Dong. Lien minh an n i n h My N h a t Ban dang cd nhflng boat dong lien kdt vdi khd'i ASEAN cd thd thuc d l y giai phap lau dai tai B i l n Ddng.
Vdi chu trfldng de cao chu nghia da phfldng, My khuyg'n khich cac nUde trong k h u vfle chau A p h a t trien mo'i q u a n h e da phfldng. D l giai quyg't v a n de t r a n h c h i p tai q u a n dao Trfldng Sa, My n h i n m a n h t a m q u a n trong cua lign minh q u a n sfl vdi Philippines va ung bo no lflc xay dflng cd chd da phfldng cua ASEAN''
Viec My quye't dinh nang d p quan he a n n i n h vdi Indonesia la dau hieu cho tha'y, sfl thay ddi chidn Ifldc trong chinh sach cua Washington ddi vdi k h u vfle. Dg t r a n h t h u quo'c gia quan trong va ldn n h l t Dong N a m A nay, trong chuygn t h a m Indonesia trong n a m 2010, Bd trfldng Qud'c phdng My ddng y cho nd'i lai cac cuoc tig'p xuc vdi Kopassus - lflc Ifldng dac biet eua Indonesia tflng dinh liu den nhflng vu lam dung n h a n quydn trfldc day.
Quydt dinh lien q u a n ddn Kopassus da k h a i thdng bd t i c cho Hiep dinh Khudn khd Qud'c phdng My
Indonesia, tao nhflng cd sd mdi cho viec t a n g cfldng hdp tac trong h u l n luyen quan sfl, mua sam tbig't hi qudc phdng va an ninh t r e n bign.
Trong md'i quan hi vdi Trung Qud'c: Thap ky qua, sfl troi day eua Trung Qudc dang tflng bfldc lam thay ddi cue dien va tfldng quan quydn lflc tai k h u vflc chau A Thai Binh Dfldng. Phia My thfla n h a n sfl vfldn len m a n h me cua Trung Quo'c, ddng thdi tim kiem mot chidn Ifldc hdp ly n h a m can b l n g quydn lflc vdi qudc gia nay tai k h u vfle.
Nhflng tuyen bo' g i n day eua Trung Qud'c vd chu quyen trgn Bidn Dong da gay r a nhflng quan ngai cho My. Vao cudi t h a n g 3/2010, trong chuygn t h a m cua Thfl trfldng Ngoai giao My tdi Trung Quo'c, phia Trung Qudc da chinb thflc thong bao r i n g , B i l n Ddng n a m trong "ldi Ich cd't loi" cua nfldc nay, va yeu c l u cac tau thuydn eua My khong dfldc boat ddng t h u t h a p thdng tin tinh bao trong vdng 200 hai ly eua vung dae quydn kinh tg'. Day la didu ma phia My khdng thd qba'p n h a n dfldc, vi nd lam phfldng h a i tdi tuyg'n ldi ich trgn k h u vfle Bien Dong eua My. D l dap t r a cho yeu c l u b a t hdp ly nay cua Trung Qud'c, ngay 5/6/2010, Bd trfldng Qud'c phdng My Robert Gates, tai D i i n dan Shangrila 2010, ngu r a mot sd' nguyen t i c va quan diem vd B i l n Dong, k h a n g dinh My cam kdt duy tri a n n i n h ddi vdi ddng minh, dd'i tac va k h u vflc, "viec duy
tri dn dinh, tfl do h a n g hai, phat trien kinh td mot each tfl do va khdng hi can trd cd y nghia quan trong", "nguyen t i e giai quye't xung dot khong sfl dung vu liic", de lam ro hdn quan diem cua My vd van de nay, tai Diin dan ARF.
Thang 7/2010 tai Ha Noi, Ngoai trudng My Hillary Clinton da gay c h i n dong khi khang dinh: Viec giai quyg't xung dot B i l n Ddng thudc "ldi Ich qudc gia'' cua My. L l y "ldi ich qudc gia" do'i choi lai "Idi ich cot loi", tuy hai khai n i e m ? ^ a y la tUdng dfldng. Ngoai trudng My khong nhflng tai k h a n g dinh viec My quay trd lai chau A ma edn coi My nhU mot "nha moi gidi" dg hda giai cuoc t r a n h chap tai Bien Dong.
Gia tdng sU hien diin d Ddng Nam A, ddc biet iing hd vd khuyi'n khich ASEAN
Theo My, Dong Nam A se ddng mot vai trd chu cho't trong viec dinh hinh tUdng lai cua k h u vfle, va cam kg't lign tuc cua My ddi vdi k h u vflc dam bao cho My t h a m gia vao qua trinh dinh binh nay. Day la mot k h u vfle cd y nghia r l t quan trong dd'i vdi hda binh va dn dinh cua t a t ca eae qud'c gia chau A - Thai Binh Dfldng, cung nhfl cua sfl t h i n h vfldng cua nen kinh tg' My.
Mdi day, My da td chflc cac cudc dd'i thoai ehinh sach qud'c phdng d p cao vdi Campuchia va Malaysia, d e cudc dd'i thoai nay gdp p h a n hd trd
cho eae ed chd t h a m v l n cua My vdi Phihppines, Singapore, Thai Lan va Indonesia. Thdng qua cac boat dong hdp tac an ninh da dang nhU cac hoi thao chuygn dd va d i i n tap quan sii da phfldng. My ed t h i can dfl ve an ninh sau hdn vao khu vflc. Cac linh vflc hdp tac se dfldc phat t r i l n gdm:
chdng khung bd', ma tuy va cac chidn dich n h a n dao trong k h u vflc. My xac dinh ke hoach "hign dign hdn nfla'' trong k h u vflc, "bd trd cae boat dong da phfldng ngay cang tang trong viec dam bao an ninh hang bai; tang cfldng k h a nang tidp can eua My tren biln, trgn khong, vu t r u va mang may tinh"
My se can dfl manh bdn vao Knh vflc an ninh biln va nd lflc nham eho'ng lai nan cfldp biln va phd bie'n vu khi buy diet hang loat. Bo Chi huy Thai Binh DUdng eua My phoi hdp chat che vdi eac ddng minh va cac quoc gia khac nhfl Indonesia, Malaysia, va Philipines dl giup vd huan luyen va cung clp trang tbig't hi gdm ra-da, tau tuan tra nham bd trd kilm soat cac tuyeii dfldng biln d khu vflc.
My ung ho va khuydn khich ASEAN hdp tac de giai quyg't hda binh cac t r a n h chap d Biln Dong, duy tri dn dinh trong k h u vfle. My da phat trien mot ed chd hdp tac chinh thflc giup h a i hda ea hai bgn dfla tren luat qud'c te nhfl Cdng fldc Luat b i l n Lien Hdp qudc, va cd chd nay dfldc tin la se to'i t h i l u hda d c cang thang. My mud'n cac ben tao ra
moi trUdng dn dinh va hda binh.
ASEAN cd vi tri r a t quan trong ddi vdi My va la nong cot trong ed chd hdp tac k h u vflc dang ndi Ign tai chau A ndi My c6 cam kdt sau sac*.
Rieng ddi vdi Viet Nam, My tig'p tuc duy tri Ddi thoai Chinb tri An ninh qudc phdng vdi Vigt Nam; tang cfldng trao ddi eac doan cong tac va t h a m v l n ve cac v l n dd nhay cam d B i l n Dong; de nghi tang t i n s u i t t a u quan sfl My vao Viet Nam, muon Vigt N a m sdm t h a m gia Sang kidn Chdng pho big'n Vu khi (SPI) va Sang kidn gin gifl hda binh toan cau (GPOI)... Dac biet sau ARF 17, My v l n luon k h a n g dinh lap trfldng c6 ldi cho Viet N a m va ASEAN vd v l n de B i l n Dong. Vigc My dfla bang khong m l u h a m George Washington ddn Bien Dong dau ngoai khdi each Da N l n g 200km va k h u true ham J o h n McCain t h a m cang Da N l n g ky niem 15 n a m binh thfldng boa quan he Viet-My vao t h a n g 8/2010, t a u hai q u a n My USNS Richard E.
Byrd tai cang Hdn Khdi, USNS Mercy tai cang Quy Nhdn, la nhflng cfl chi tfldng trflng trgn eon dfldng dai xay dflng sfl tin cay gifla bai qudc gia mot thdi do'i dich. Quan trong bdn, dd la nhflng tin hieu cu the cho tha'y sfl hien dien ngay cang t a n g eua My t a r k h u vfle B i l n Ddng.
3. Mot v a i n h a n xet v a k e t l u a n Viec My chu trfldng can dfl vao B i l n Dong da eo mot so' b i l u hien ro
rang. Tuy nhign, lieu viee thflc hien nd trong thdi gian tdi se nhfl thg' nao, theo dfl doan cua nhidu chuygn gia se cdn r a t nhidu va'n dd ehi phdi ma chu yg'u la hai v l n de sau: Tha nhdt, van dd quan he My Trung, day la mdi quan he k h a phflc tap.
Ddu la bai nfldc cd t i m anh hfldng manh me vdi t h d gidi, mdi quan he nay da cd nhflng dong t h a i cho t h l y nhflng cai thien ro ret k l tfl d l u nam 2011 vdi lien tig'p cae cuoc gap song phfldng gifla Bo trfldng Quo'c phdng hai nfldc. Tren dfldng tdi dfl Ddi thoai Shangrila 2011, ong Gates cung nha'n m a n h mong mudri cai thien hdn nfla quan he do'i thoai vdi quan doi Trung Qudc, cung vdi viec Bac Kinh cfl phai doan ldn n h a t tfl trfldc dg'n nay dfl Ddi thoai Shangrila do Bo trfldng Quo'c phdng Lfldng Quang Liet d i n d l u , cang khig'n gidi q u a n sat cd cd sd k h a n g dinh My se khdng cd tig'ng ndi m a n h me nhfl trfldc vd van dd Bign Ddng.
Tha hai,ngan sach qudc phdng My dang do'i m a t vdi nguy cd hi c l t giam manh, didu dd se a n h hfldng de'n chinh saeh quan sfl cua nfldc nay.
Tdng thd'ng My Barack Obama ngay 13/4/2011 cdng bd" mot ke' hoach giam chi tieu cho qud'c phdng xud'ng mflc 400 ty USD trong 12 n a m tdi.
Trong khi dd mot so^ nghi si va ca cac n h a p h a n tich doe lap cua My cdn kgu goi phai cat giam thgm. Vdi cuoc chig'n tai Iraq va Afghanistan dan ke't thue, tig't kiem chi tieu cho qud'c
phdng la t r u n g t a m trong giai phap ngan chan t h a m h u t cua chinb phu My bien nay. L i u Nam Goc dUdc cho la dang trong qua trinh s i p xdp lai lflc Ifldng tai k h u vflc chau A Thai Binh DUdng, bao gdm Dong Nam A.
Mflc do t h a n h cong kg' hoach nay se phu thuoc ldn vao viec ngan saeh L i u Nam Gdc se bi cat giam nhieu bay it.
Trong bdi canh trgn, My td ra quan ngai vd viee mot so' khu vfle tai chau A se nga vd phia mot eUdng quoc khac, ne'u My khig'n ho nghi rang My dang bd rdi ndi dd, hoac giam sfl ung bo vd quan sfl.
Thd kho eua My luc nay la vfla muo'n k h a n g dinh tig'p tuc hien dien quan sii tai k h u vflc chau A Thai Binh DUdng ldn hdn trfldc, vfla khong mudh lam tdn hai mo'i quan he vdi Trung Quo'c dang dUdc cai thien. My luon coi quan he vdi B l e Kinh la van dd flu tien dac biet.
P h a n flng tfl phia cac quo'c gia k h u vflc chau A, lanh dao mot sd' nfldc chau A tuyen bd^ ho khdng ngn dat minh trfldc sfl Ifla ebon Trung Qudc hay My va cho r a n g phai t r a n h tinh t r a n g ddn cflc kieu Chig'n t r a n h Lanh k h u vflc, ma d n hdp tac vdi ca bai ben gdm mot la sieu cfldng quan sii truyen tbdrig va mot la quydn liic dang len cua the' gidi ( D i n theo ldi Thu tfldng Malaysia Najib Razak tai buoi khai mac Dd'i thoai Shangrila ngay 3/6/2011).
Tuy nhien, trfldc mot binh anh nfldc My vdi vi thd va vai trd ddi vdi thg' gidi dang cd xu hUdng ye'u di, thi chidn lUdc Bien Dong se la r a t can thig't cho My, thgm vao dd Bien Dong se la khu vfle d n thie't de My kidm chd tham vong cua mot so' nUdc dang ndi Ign m a n h me va mudh chiem khu viic nay.
Cd the cho r i n g , kidm soat dUde eae q u I n dao Trfldng Sa cung co nghia la k h a n g dinh chu quydn bign gidi bien quo'c gia, chu quyen kiem soat khai thac ngudn tai nguyen b i l n trong lanh bai 12 hai ly nhfl trong Cong Udc Lien Hdp Qud'c ve Luat Bign n a m 1982 da quy dinh.
My se khong t h i Id la nhflng ldi leh quan trong cua minh tai khu vflc Bign Dong, dac biet trong viec kidm chd Trung Qudc. Chie'n Ifldc vd B i l n Dong n a m trong chidn Ifldc chung cua My tai k h u viie chau A Thai Binh DUdng. Va vi muc dieh nay hay muc dich khac, Bign Dong luon la khu vflc m a n g lai nhflng ldi ich v6 cflng quan trong cho My, n h a t la trong giai doan the gidi dang co nhieu bie'n dong nhfl hien nay. Phia My se tig'p tue ed nhflng can dfl sau hdn ve van de Bien Dong, san sang hdp tac, hd trd eac nfldc giai quye't van de t r a n h chap bign dao tai khu vfle. Viee My k h a n g dinh tai can b l n g sflc m a n h My, dg'n 2020 se bo'
t r i 60% hai q u a n My d k h u vflc Thai Binh Dudng, cung nhfl nhflng chuye'n t h a m Viet Nam, Dong Nam A s i p tdi cua Bo trfldng Quo'c phdng My Leon P a n e t t a vao t h a n g 6/2012 va chuyen t h a m cua Bo trUdng Ngoai giao My Hillary Clinton vao t h a n g 7/2012 ddn Viet Nam, Diin dan k h u vflc ASEAN (ARF), Hoi nghi Ngoai t r u d n g d p cao Dong A, Hoi nghi Bo t r u d n g My ASEAN,...
se cho chung t a t h l y ro hdn chinb saeh va q u a n d i l m eua My do'i vdi Bien Dong, Dong N a m A va Chau A
Thai Binh DUdng •
Chu thich:
1) Ralph A. Cossa, "Security Implications of Conflict in t h e South China Sea: Exploring Potential Triggers of Conflict", A Pacific Forum CSIS, t h a n g 3/1998.
2) Robert Willard, "Tii lenh Ham doi Thai Binh Diidng cua My t h a m Viet Nam: Uu tien hdp tac ciiu trd t h a m hoa", http: / /www. tienphong. vn / Tianyon /Index.
aspx?AHicleID=154769&ChannelID=S.
3) "Oil & N a t u r a l Gas", Country Analysis
Briefs, t h a n g 3/2008, http://eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/South_China_
SeayOilNaturalGas.html.
4) Peter Navarro, ''China stirs over offshore oil pact", Asia Times, ngay 23/7/2008.
5) http://www.petrotimes.vn/dau-tien-quyen- luc/2011/06/gia-dau-tho-tang-nhe-sau- nhieu-bien-dong-tu-chau-au.
6) http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/
ops/rmsi.htm
7) "America: Adjustment in Foreign Policy", Vietnam News, Reference No 10-2002.
8) http://www.state.gOv/s/d/2009/121564.
htm.
