Cong nghe sinh hgc & Giong cdy trong N G H I E N C L T U A N H HlTCTNG C U A M O T S O Y E U T O C O N G N G H E
D £ N C H A T LU'OfNG C U A T R A T U I L O C B A K I C H {Morinda officianalis H o w )
Vu Kim D u n g \ Hoang Thi H u y ^ n \ Pliam Tlianh T r u n g \ Nguyin Viet Pliuoiig^
Truang Dgi hoc Lam nghiep
Truang Cao dang Cong nghiep Thuc phdm
T O M T A T
Re ba kich la nguon duac lieu quy trong y hoc co truyen, co tac dung bo than, tang cuong gSn cot, tang sue de khang, siic deo dai.. Re ba kich chiia nhieu hoat chat sinh hoc nhu polysaccharide, anthraglycosid, phytosterol, acid hiju co, vhamin C, tinh dau... De da dang each thuc su dung nguon duac lieu quy nay, bai bao cong bo cac ket qua nghien cuu quy trinh san xuat tra ba kich dang tin loc. Ket qua nghien cuu cho thay do gia re ba kich tim CO ham lugng polysaccharide rSt khac nhau: r l th^nh thuc chiia 8,37 mg/g, r§ non 6,92 mg/g, re gia 4,12 mg/g. Nhiet do va phuong phap say anh huong Icm den ham lugng polysaccharide, pH, duong tong so va gia tri cam quan ciia re ba kich: ham luang polysacchande thap nhat khi say 6 40^0 (6,31 mg/g), cao nhat o 60''C (21,61 mg/g), Kich thuoc bot nguyen lieu 1,0 mm cho diem cam quan trung binh cao nhat (18,4 diem) va ty le phoi che gom 50% ba kich + 30% tra nguyen heu + 20% eo ngot phii hop cho san xuat tra ba kich dang tiii loc.
Tir khoa: Ba kich, co ngot, Morinda officianalis How, polysaccharide, tra tiii loc.
1. D ^ T VAN B E
Cay ba kich (Morinda officianalis How) la cay thuoc quy trong y hpc co tiriyen. Re cua cay ba kich duac su dung rong rai nhu mot loai dugc lieu c6 tac dung bo than am, bo than duoTig, tang cuang gan cot, tang siic de khang, siic deo dai, khtr phong th^p (D§ Tat Lgi, 2006). Dich chiet ttr re ba kich c6 tac dung giam huyet ap, tac dung nhanh vai cac tuyen ca nang, b6 tri nao, giiip an va ngii ngon (Li va cong su, 2003). Re ba kich chiia polysaccharide, oligosaccharide, acid huu ca, vitamin C, tinh dau, anthraglycosid, phytosterol (Zhang va cong su, 2018; Feng va cong su, 2012).
Tra tiii loc thao dugc dugc san xuat vai nhiet do, thai gian say nguyen lieu khac nhau:
tra chum ngay say b 5Q°C vai thai gian say 180 phiit (Nguyin Thi Thuy Minh va egng su, 2016), tra rau diep ca say a nhiet do 80*'C va thai gian 60 phut (Dang Thiiy Lam, 2015), tra hoa sim say a 60''C va thai gian say 100 phiit (NguySn Minh Thiiy va Nguyen Thi Thiiy Linh, 2011), tra dau tim danh cho nguai tieu duang a nhiet do 135°C (Hoang Thi Le Hang, 2012). Ben canh do, kich thudc nguyen heu va ty le phoi tron ciing anh huong kha Ion den chat lugng cam quan ciia tra tiii loc.
Gan day, cac nghien ciiu chi ra rang
polysaccharides (PS) la thaiih phan chinh tao ra hoat tinh sinh hgc ciia re ba kich.
Polysaccharides tii Morinda officinalis How lam giam su oxi hoa gan do stress (Jm Gao, 2015; Cheng va cong su, 2004) phong chong su giam khoi lugng va mat do xuong, chong met moi, ha duang huyet va tang cuang mien dich (Wang va cong su, 2011). Them vao do, PS la nhan to chong lai hoat dpng ciia cac goc tu do va chong oxy hoa (Shin va cong su, 2013). Voi tac dung tot cho sue khoe va la cay thuoc tu nhien nen ba kich dugc su dung rat nhieu, rgng rai voi cac bai thuoc sac uong hoac dugc sii dung duoi dang rugu ngam. Song day chua phai la phuang thiic toi uu trong viec su dung cay ba kich do mgt so nguyen nhan nhu:
cac bai thuoc co truyen kho uong hay doi voi nhimg nguai khong uong dugc rugu ba kich...
Vi vay, sii dung ba kich nhu mgt loai nguyen lieu trong san xuat tra thao duoc c6 the de dang su dung doi voi mpi doi tugng tieu diing. Bai bao nay trinh bay cac ket qua nghien cuu ve quy trinh san xuat tra tiii loc ba kich.
2. P H i r O N G PHAP NGHlfeN CUtJ 2.1. Vat lieu
Re ba kich tim (Morinda officianalis How) dugc trong tai Hoanh Bo, Quang Ninh, la tra {Camellia sinensis) va co nggt (Stevia rebaudiana) tai Van Tran, Yen Bai. Sau khi TAP CHI KHOA H O C VA C O N G N G H E L A M N G H I E P SO 2 - 2019
Cong nghe sinh hgc & Gidng cay trong thu hoach, nguyen lieu duac say kho va su dung lam nguyen lieu ph6i tron trong san xuat tra tiii Igc ba kich.
2.2. Phu-oTig phap nghien ciru 2.2.1. Thu thap vd xu ly re ba kich
Thu thap: Lua chpn cac doan re ba kich tim khong sau benh, rl to khoe, tron diu va bao quan trong di§u kien mat. Cac loai rl sir dung cho thi nghiem g6m: r l non, re thanh thuc va r l gia. R l non la loai rl nho, mong nuoc.
dudng kinh r l < 1 cm, re mau trang nga hoac nau nhat; r l thanh thuc la re to, tron deu vai dudng kinh khoang 1 - 2 cm, re co vo ngoai mau nau dat, phan thit ben trong mau tim, co van dam; re gia la re cung, chac, xo, phdn cudng d giira to, it mpng nude, dudng kinh re
< 1 cm.
Xu ly vat lieu: Riia sach re, loai bo phan cudng Cling d giiia va cat lat mong de lam nguyen lieu cho cac thi nghiem (hinh 1).
Hinh L Re ba kich sau khi xu- ii 2.2.2. Nghien ciru dp gid vd trgng thdi re ba
kich pha hop cho sdn xudt trd tui loc Dp gia re ba kich va trang thai ciia nguyen lieu phu hpp cho san xuat tra tiii loc dugc xac dinh thdng qua ham lugng polysaccharide ciia re non, rl thanh thuc, re gia va dp am cua nguyen lieu sau 0, 15 va 30 ngay.
2.2.3. Xdc dinh phuffng phdp lam kho nguyen lieu phu h^ cho sdn xudt trd tiii loc
Tien hanh lam khd nguyen heu bang 2 phuong phap: phai nang (40*'C) va say doi luu (50, 60, 70°C). Xac dinh cac chi sd: ham lupng PS, do am, dudng tdng, thdi gian theo ddi va pH cho den khi mau dat do am 10 - 11%. Hinh thai, mau sac va miii vi cua manh re ba kich sau khi say 60 - 120 phiit cfing dupe danh gia de xac dinh phuong phap lam khd nguyen lieu phii hpp cho san xuat tra tiii Ipc.
2.2.4. Xdc dinh ty le phoi trpn nguyen lieu pha hffp
Tien hanh phdi trpn 3 nguyen heu (ba kich : tra: cd ngpt) theo ti le 7: 2: I; 6: 2: 2; 5: 2: 3; 6:
3: 1; 5: 3: 2; 4: 3: 3; 5: 4: 1; 4: 4: 2; 3: 4: 3 va dong goi thanh tiii Ipc va bao on trong 1 tudn (20 - 25°C). Lua chpn ty le phdi trpn phii hgp bang phuang phap danh gia cam quan cho diem vdi cac tieu chi: mau sSc, miii, vi, dp
trong (Theo TCVN 3218: 2012).
2 2 . 5 . Phuffng phdp xdc dinh ham lirang polysaccharide
Dinh lugng polysacchande theo phuong phap Guo va cong sy (2006).
2.2.6. Phuffng phdp xdc dinh dd am: Theo TCVN 5613-2007.
2.2.7. Phuffng phdp xdc dinh ducmg tong Sii' dung HCI d l khii het dudng trong ba kich thanh dudng khu. Xac dinh ham lugng dudng khu bang phuong phap diing thuoc thu DNS. Dya theo dd thi dudng chuan cua glucose tinh khilt vdi thudc thir DNS se tinh dugc dudng khu cua m l u nghien ciiu.
2.2.8. Phuffng phdp xdc dinh gia tripH: Theo TCVN 7806:2007 v l xac dinh gia hi pH cho san pham dang khd.
22.9. Phuffng phdp ddnh gid cdm quan trd bang phuffng phdp cho diem
Phuang phap cho diem chit lugng san pham theo tieu chuin Viet Nam (TCVN 3218 : 2012 ve danh gia cam quan tra) dugc su dung de danh gia muc dp chat lugng ciia mpt san pham so vdi tieu chuin hoac so vdi mdt san pham cung loai tren tit ca cac chi tieu cam quan nhu mau sac, miii vi, trang thai (bang 1).
TAP C H i KHOA H O C VA C 6 N G NGHE LAM N G H I E P SO 2 - 2019
Cong nghe sinh hoc & Giong cdy trong Bang 1. Miic cho digm dSi vol ttmg chi tieu danh gia theo TCVN 3218:2012 cho flanh gia tra n.: «s.. Biem
Dp trong
Rat trong, sanh, dac tnmg cho san phim loai t6t
Trong dac tnmg cho san pham
Co van due, Co thoang can khong dac tnmg
cho san pham
Nhieu can, ggn due Sang, sanh, dac
tnmg cho san pham loai tot
Sang, tuong doi sanh, dac tnmg cho san pham
Kem sanh, thoang can
HOT ^i, khong dac trung cho san phim, CO can
Due, toi, nhieu can hoac mau nhat Therm tu nhien,
dae biet, gay an tugng, hap dan, de chiu, dac tnmg cho san pham loai tot
Thorn tu nhien, gay an tugng, kha hap dan, dae tnmg cho san pham, khong co mui la
doi dac tnmg cho san pham
Kemthom, 16 mill la va khong dac trung cho san pham
Lg ro miii la va cae mui do khuyet tat, gay cam giac kho chm Chat diu, de chiu. Chat de chiu, dae Chat xit, khong CO hau, dac tnmg tnmg cho san Chat, tuong dac tnmg cho cho san pham phim, kha hai hoa doi dac tnmg san pham, vi la loai tot, hai hoa giua mui va vi, cho san pham va vi do khuyet giiia VI va mui khong 16 khuylt tat tat khac
Chat gat, dang hoac rat nhat, CO vi la, vi do cac khuyet tat khac gay cam giac kho chiu 2.2.10. Phuffng phdp xu ly so lieu
Sd lieu da thu thap dugc xii ly bang phan mem SPSS va Excel.
3. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 3.1. Anh hu'dng cua do gia nguyen li8u d^n ham lirong polysaccharide tdng so
Trong cimg mgt gidng ba kich, ham lugng PS tdng so khac nhau hiy theo dp non, gia cua mau. Ket qua bang 2 cho thay ham lugng PS trong re gia thap nhat (4,12 mg/g) do re gia
chiia lugng chat xo Idn. Ham lugng PS cao nhat trong re thanh thuc (8,37 mg/g). Do do lua chpn re thanh thuc cho nghien cicu tiep theo.
Tuy nhien, khi thu hoach re ba kich, ngudi dan thudng thu hoach toan bp (bao gdm ca re thanh thuc va mdt sd re non), ma ham lugng polysaccharide trong r l non (6,92 mg/g) g i n tuang duang vai lugng PS trong r l thanh thuc nen khi san xuat cd the sir dung ca hai loai re nay.
ng 2. Anh hu-ong cua d6 gia nguyen lieu den ham lyong polysaccharide t6ng s6 TT Do tuoi re Ham lirmng polysaccharide (mg/g)
Re non Re gia Re thanh thuc
6,92 ±0,125 4,12 ±0,067 8,37 ±0,145 So sanh vdi mdt so bao cao nghien cim da
cdng bd tren the gidi thay ham lugng polysacchride trong ba kich thap han so vdi la tra Camellia oleifera 22,5 ± 1,7% (Yong va cdng sy, 2015) nhimg tuong duong vdi lam luong PS trong nam linh chi do 6,8% (Pham Bao Truang va cdng sy, 2015) va nira huong 3,84 - 11,08%
(Tran Thi Hdng Ha va cong sy, 2013).
3.2. Xac dinh phu-ong phap say nguyen lieu cho san xu^t tra tiii loc ba kich
Trong quy trinh san xuat tra thao dugc, nguyen lieu can dugc say tai nhiet dp sao cho
dam bao dupe hinh thai phu hgp, nguyen lieu khdng bi chay, giii nguyen mui tham dac tnmg, dam bao ve dp am theo tieu chuan chat lugng, bao toan dugc cac hoat chat sinh hgc va thdi gian ngan. Do vay nghien ciiu anh hudng cua nhiet dp va phuang phap siy nguyen lieu ba kich duoc thye hien.
3.2.1. Anh bir&ttg cua nhiet do siy kho tdi cac chi so trong phuffng phap lam kho nguyen Heu
Ket qua bang 3 cho thay, ddi vdi phuang phap say phoi nang d nhiet dp 35 - 40''C, ham TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE L A M NGHIEP SO 2 - 2019
Cong nghe sinh hoc & Giong cay trdng lucmg PS thap nhjt (6,31 ± 0,26 mg/g), ham luong duong khu t6ng so thjp nhit (14,52 ± 0,56 mg/g) vi cac chit bi chuyen hoa trong thai gian dai phoi nSng va t6n thai gian say nhieu nhit (48 gia), do do, nguyen lieu nen say kho bSng phucmg phap s4y d6i luu d l giii dugc cac chit mong muon voi ham lugng cao.
D6i vol phuang phap say doi luu, tai nhiet do 60°C, cac chi s6 vS ham luong duong khit
tdng s6 (21,61 ± 0,35 mg/g) va ham lugng PS (27,74 ± 0,63 mg/g) deu cao, mat it thoi gian siy (13 gio). Tai nhiet do 70°C, cac chi so phii hgp, t6n it thai gian say nhat (11 gia) song ve hinh thai mot so mau bi chay (Hinh 2) anh hucmg d8n mui, vi tra thanh pham va mgt s6 hoat chit co thg bi phan htiy khi mau bi chay (ham lugng duong t6ng giam so vai siy 6 nhiet do 60°C).
Bang 3. Cac chi so ciia r l ba kich theo cac phuffng phap say Phirffng
phap
Nhiet d6 CC) '
Ham lu^nng
PS (mg/g) Dd am (%) 1 nang 6,31 ±0,26 10,06 ±0,3
Du-OTig khu
tong so Thdi gian theo doi (gio*) pH
14,52 ±0,56 7,5
Say doi lim
50 8,24 ±0,27 10,23 ±0,4 18,51 ±0,71 20 4,2 60 21,61 ± 0,35 10,42 ± 0,31 27,74 ± 0,63 13 5,8 70 15,82 ±0,19 10,11 ±0,15 22,81 ±0,74 11 7 ^ v l chi so pH, gia tri pH dat thap nhat tai
50°C (pH - 4,2) va cao nhit tai 70°C (pH = 7,6). Cac bao cao cho thay gia tn pH = 5 - 6 phu hgp nhat cho viec phoi tron va bao quan nguyen lieu. Viec san pham phdi trpn cd dp pH
< 5 se khien ca the khd hap thu va mat can bang ham lugng ben trong, mat khac tao mdi trudng thuan lgi cho vi khuan sinh lactic phat trien lam hdng san pham. Gia tri pH ciia san pham nen co tinh hudng kiem hoac axit nhe se tot cho CO the hon. Vdi nhiet dp say 60°C gia tri pH = 5,8 (cd dp axit nhe) khi phdi trpn tra se tao dugc vi dac tnmg cua tra.
3.2.2. Anh hu&ng cua phuffng phap say kho t&i hinh thdi cua manh re ba kich
Bang 4. Anh huong ciia chS do
Tien hanh lam khd nguyen lieu bang phuong phap siy ddi luu va danh gia hinh thai cua r l ba kich dang manh nhd. Qua bang 4 nhan thiy hinh dang, mau sac, mui vi, thay doi rd ret khi thdi gian say va nhiet dp thay doi.
Khi say d 50°C cac manh r l ba kich van con mau trang nga, trang thai mem, mui vi chua ro ret. s i y d 70°C miii vi, mau sac hi thay doi ro ret tir miii nhe (60 phiit) va khdng cd mui (90 phut), mau sac bi thay ddi tir trang nga (60 phiit) din nau sIm (90 phiit). Tai 60°C mau sSc ba kich say sam han va tai 120 phiit cd mui vj dac tnmg nhat, hinh thai cimg va co lai de dang cho viec nghien hot.
say len hinh thai manh re ba kich ThM gian
(phiit) 60
90
- Hinh thai: mem, chua co lai
see
- Mau sac: trang nga - Mui: chua co miii - Hinh thai: mem, hai co lai - Mau sic: vin tuai, nga mau - Miii: chua eo miii
Nhif 136 say 60"C - Hinh thai: mem, chua co lai - Mau sac: trang nga - Miii: chua c6 miii - Hinh thai: co lai - Mau sac: tring nga, van tuoi - Miii: CO mui tham nhe
70"C - Hmh diai: hcri ciing, co lai - Mau sac: trfing due - Miii: tham nhe - Hinh thai: ciing, eo lai - Mau sac: sam mau hon - Miii: khong co mui - Hinh thai: van mem, hoi co lai
- Mau sac: trang nga - Mill: thmn nhe
• Hinh thai: ciing, co lal
• Mau sac: sam mau hon
• Mui: CO mui tham dac tnmg
- Hinh thai: ciing, co lai, di dang
- Mau sac: nau sam -Miii: khong CO miii Ghi chu:
- Mdu nguyen lieu ba kich comdu trdng due, ngd. khi tuai thi mSm vd co nit&c:
- Co lgi: mieng ba kich co vien ngodi sun lai nhung vdn giU hinh dgng nhdt dinh;
- Di dgng: mieng ba kich cong. cimg, gidn, de gdy vun.
TAP C H i KHOA H O C VA C 6 N G NGHE L A M N G H I E P SO 2 - 2019
Cong nghe sinh hgc & Giong cay trong Khao sat phuang phap say nguyen lieu cua
cac de tai nghien cihi san xuat tra da cdng bd cho thay phuang phap say nguyen lieu san xuat tra chum ngay la say d 50°C vdi thdi gian say 180 phiit (Nguyen Thi Thiiy Minh va egng su, 2016), san xuat tra rau diep ca say d nhiet dp 80°C va thdi gian 60 phut (Dang Thuy Lam, 2015), san xuat tra hoa sim say d 60''C va thdi gian say 100 phiit (Nguyen Minh Thuy va
Nguyin Thi Thuy Lmh, 2011), san xuit h-a dau tim danh cho ngudi tieu dudng d nhiet dp nS^C (Hoang Thi Le Hing, 2012), do do nhiet dp siy thudng hi 50 - BS^C ttong khoang thdi gian 6 0 - 180 phut.
Nhu vay, sii dung r l thanh thuc va lam khd nguyen lieu b3ng phuang phap say ddi luu d 60°C, 120 phiit cho hieu qua va hinh thai, miii vi nguyen lieu phii hop.
Hinh 2. Hinh thai ba kich tai cac nhiet do va thoi gian say khac nhau (A, B. C- sdy a 5(fC trong 60, 90, 120 phut; D, E, F- say a 6(fC trong 60, 90, 120 phut;
G, H, I: sdy a VO^C trong 60. 90, 120 phut) 3.3. Anh htrdug cua kich thudc bot ba kich
dgn chat \\xffng tra tiii Igc ba kich Sau khi say, tien hanh xay nghien ba kich vdi kich thudc mat sang khac nhau: 0,5 mm.
1,0 mm, 1,5 mm va 2,0 mm. Ket qua hinh 3 cho thay ba kich dupe xay vdi kich thudc Id sang 1,0 mm cho tra tiii loc cd tdng diem cam quan trung binh cao nhat (18,4 diem).
• I l l
Kich Oiinrc ba kich l a u nghien (mm)Hinh 3. Anh hirang cua kich thirdc bot ba kich den diem cam quan tra tiii loc ba kich TAP CHI KHOA H O C VA CONG N G H E L A M N G H I E P SO 2 - 2019
Cong nghe sinh hpc & Giong cay trong R l ba kich dugc xay thanh kich thuoc nho vai lo sang 0,5 mm, tra co mau sam va nuoc tra bi vin due do bot tra khu&h tan qua mang tiii Igc. Khi nguyen lieu dugc xay toi kich thuoc 16 sang lan 1,5 - 2,0 mm, lugng bot tra tit tui thoat ra ngoai giam di nhung lugng cac chit khuech tan tit tra ra ngoai giam di nen tong diem cam quan thap.
Kich thuoc bot nguyen lieu lam tra tiii Igc 1,0 mm ciing dugc bao cao vol tra tiii loc mang tay (Nguyen Thi My Trang, 2015), do do r l ba kich kho dugc nghiln den kich thuoc 1,0 mm thich hgp cho san xuat tra tui loc.
3.4. Xac dinh ty le ph6i tr6n nguyen Ii6u De tao san phim tra tiii loc ba kich tir re ba kich tim, la tra nguyen heu, co ngot, tien hanh phoi che cac nguyen lieu voi ti le ba kich (50 - 60%), tra nguyen lieu (30%), co nggt (10 - 20%). Ket qua thu dugc the hien a bang 5.
Ket qua cho thay, san pham c6 ti 16 ba kich 50%, tra 30%, co nggt 20% cho diem cam quan trung binh cao nhat (18 diem). Khi tang dan luang co nggt, san pham c6 diem cam Bang 5. Anh huffng ciia ty le phoi chi nguySn
quan thap do qua ngot. Khi lugng tra ph6i chi qua cao lam vi chat tiing va mau sac ciang dam han nen tong diem cam quan thap hon (hinh 4).
Mui - vi - mau ciia san pham co ty le ba kich 50%, tra 30%, co nggt 20% dugc danh gia va cho diem cao nhat so vai nhiing san pham con lai, do ham lugng ba kich vira phai va mau sic dep, do do lua chgn ty le phoi tron nay dl lam tra ba kich tiii Igc.
Khao sat tu cac san pham tra da dua ra thj truang va nhiing de tai nghien ciiu san xuSt tra da cong bo, doi vai quy trinh san xuat tra dau tim danh cho nguoi bi tieu duong co ti le la dau tim la 90% (Hoang Thi Le HSng, 2012), tra thao dugc niim linh chi co ti le nam linh chi la 60% (Nguyen Le Vuang Bao, 2008), tra la sen do Hgc vien QuSn Y san xuat nam 2017c6 ti le la sen 45%. Vai de tai nghien ciiu san xuat tra tiii Igc thao dugc ba kich c6 ti le re ba kich tim - thanh phan chinh la 50%, chiem mot nira thanh phiin tiii tra, vi vay, tra mang mui hucmg ba kich rat dac tnmg, vi tra thanh mat va dam da.
lieu d@n chat lirffng cam quan tra tui loc ba kich Ty le phoi che
(ba kich: tra: - CO ngpt)
Diem cam quan trung binh
Miii Do trong Tong
7:2: 1 6:2-2 5:2:3 6:3: 1 5:3:2 4:3:3 5:4: 1 4:4:2 3:4:3
4,0 4,2 4,5 4,4 4,6 4,6 4,2 3,9 3,6
4,4 4,2 3,9 4,1 4,3 4,2 4,0 3,2 2,9
2,5 3,3 3,7 2,7 4,3 3,1 2,8 2,6 2,1
4,3 4,4 4,4 4,4 4,8 4,8 4,6 4,6 4.5
15,2 16,1 16,5 15,6 18,0 16,7 15,6 14,3 13,1
Hinh 4. Mau cua nu4c tra thanh phSm theo cac cong thuc ph6i che 3.5. Quy trinh c h i biin tra thao dirge ba kich
Sau qua trinh nghien cuu vl lua chgn nguyen lieu, nghien cim da xay dung quy trinh chi biin eu, che do say, ty le phSi chi cac loai nguyen tra thao duoc ba kich nhu hinh 5.
lieu, 1 nguyen tra thao dugc ba kich nhu hinh 5.
TAP C H i KHOA H O C VA CONG N G H E LAM N G H I E P SO 2 - 2019
Cong nghe sinh hgc <g Giong cdy trong - Nguyen lieu dau vao duoc phdi trpn tir ba
kich, cd ngpt va la tra. Chpn re ba kich tim d Hoanh Bd, Quang Ninh. Cd ngpt va la tra dupe thu hai tai khu vuc Van Tran, Yen Bai.
- Xir li nguyen lieu: Re ba kich duoc rira, loai bd tap chat, re hdng va phai 1 - 2 nang.
Sau do thai lat mdng 0,3 - 0,5 cm. Cd ngpt lay nguyen than va la tien hanh nia sach, cat thanh khiic nhd 3 - 4 cm dem phoi khd 1 - 2 ngay. La tra duac lya chpn tir nhijng la thanh thuc, khdng sau benh, dem nia sach va tien hanh phoi nang trong 1 - 2 ngay.
- Say: tien hanh say re ba kich tim d 60°C trong 120 phut d i n dp ^m 10%.
- Xay, nghiln, sang: ba kich, la tra va cd ngpt duoc nghiln va sang tdi kich thudc 1 mm.
- Phdi h-pn nguyen lieu: tien hanh phdi trpn ba kich: tra: cd ngpt theo ti le 50%: 30%: 20%.
- Ddng gdi: nguyen lieu sau khi say duac de ngudi va ddng vao trong cac tiii loc 2g/tui.
- Bao dn: san phAm sau khi ddng gdi cho vao bao PE han kin, chuyen vao kho bao dn.
Dam bao diiu kien: 20 - 25**C, 7 ngay.
San pham tra hii Ipc ba kich cd khdi lupng 2 g/tiii chiia ham luong polysaccharide cao. Tra cd mau sac dep, trong, sanh, vi mat, mui tham dac trung cua ba kich.
Hinh 5. Quy trinh che biSn tra ba idch tiii loc
4. K E T LUy\N
Tir ket qua thu duoc, tac gia nit ra mdt sd kit luan sau:
- Loai re ba kich tim thanh thuc tir Hoanh Bd, Quang Ninh cd ham lupng Polysaccharide cao (8,37 mg/g) thich hop cho che bien ha hii Ipc.
- Phuong phap xir li nguyen lieu la lam khd bang siy ddi luu d dO^C trong 120 phut phu hop cho qua trinh say re ba kich lam tra hii loc.
- Kich thudc bdt nguyen lieu 1,0 mm cho diim ch4t luong cam quan cao nhat (18,4 diem)
- Ti le phii chi nguyen lieu phu hpp cho san xuat tra thao duoc ba kich dang tiii Ipc la 50%
ba kich + 30% tra nguyen lieu + 20% cd ngpt.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Nguyen Le Vitong Bao (2008). Nghien cuu quy trinh sdn xudt tra thdo duac linh chi. DH Ky thuat Cong nghe TP. H6 Chi Minh.
2. Tran Thi Hong Ha, Luu Van Chinh, Le Hiju Cuong, Tran Thi Nhu Hang, Do Huu Nghj, Truang Nggc Hiing, Nguyen Thi Nga, Le Mai Huong (2013).
Danh gia hoat tinh sinh hoc cua polysaccharide va cac hgp chat tach chiet tir nam huong {Lendnus edodes).
Tgp chi Sinh hoc, 35(4)' 445-453.
3. Hoang Thi Le Hang, Nguyin Nggc Hoa, Nguyen Minh Chau, Nguyen Thi Phucmg Thao (2012). Nghien cuu su dung la dau tam Viet Nam trong san xuat tra tiii loc Nong nghiep & Phdt inen Ndng thon, 13: 58-62.
4. Dang Thiiy Lam (2015). Nghien cuu quy trinh sdn xudt trd tif rau diep cd vd rau chiim ngdy. DH Binh Duong.
TAP CHI KHOA H O C VA CONG N G H E L A M N G H I E P SO 2 - 2019
Cong nghe sinh hgc & Gions cay trong
5. Do TSt Lqi (2006). Nhirng cdy thudc va vi thuoc KierA'am.NXB Y h g c , HaNgi. , .
6. Nguyin Thi Thiiy Minh, Nguyin Van Hue, Ho Sy Vuong, Nguyin Due Chung (2016). Nghien ciiu mot s6 thong s6 cong nghe trong san xuit bot chum ngay.
Tap chi Khoa hoc-Ba\\iQc\hik,l(\2\): 111-120.
7. Nguyin Minh Thuy, Nguyin Thi Thiiy Linh (2011). Chi biin tra va niroc tra d6ng chai tir hoa sim.
Tap chi Khoa hoc - Dai hoc CSn Tho, 19: 126-134.
8. Nguyen Thi My Trang, Vu Ngoc Boi, Dang Xuan Cuong (2015). Nghien ciiu anh huong ciia mot so yku to cong nghe den chSt luong cua tta tiii Igc mang tay (Asparagus officinalis L.). Tap chi Khoa hoc cong nghe Thdy sdn, 2: 66-10.
9. Pham Bao Truong va Nguyin Minh Thuy (2015).
T6i iru hoa qua trinh trich ly Polysacchande va tannin trong n4m linh chi do (Ganoderma lucidum). Tgp chi Khoa hoc - Dai hoc CAn Tho, 4(36). 21-28.
10. TCVN 3218:2012, TCVN 7806:2007, TCVN 3218: 2012, TCVN 5613:2007
1 I.Cheng Z., Deng H.Z., Mo Q L , Li Z.W (2004).
Determination of the contents of valuable compositions of Morinda officinalis How in different regions and analysis of its protection for the liver Journal of Hainan Normal University, 16: 64-67
12, Feng F., Wang L.L., Lai X P., Li Y B., Cao Z.M., Zhou Y.J. (2012). Study on oligosaccharides from Morinda officinalis. Zhong Yao Cai. 35(8)'1259-1262.
13. Guo S.H., Wang H M , Huang T., Li N., Lin Z.C.
(2006). Determination of polysacchande from Morinda officinalis How in Nanjing. Journal ofFujian College of TCM, 16:32-33
14.Jin G. (2015). Polysaccharides from Morinda officinalis How protect liver from oxidative stress induced by exhaustive exercise in mice. The International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine, 13(1): 1-6,
15. Li Y.F., Gong D.H., Yang M., Zhao Y.M., Luo Z.P. (2003). Inhibition of the oligosaccharidesextracted from Morinda officinalis, a Chinese traditional herbal medicine, on the corticosteron induced apoptosis in PC12cells.Li/e5c/e/7ce, 72: 933-942.
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Monofropein isolated from the roots of Morinda officinalis ameliorates proinflammatory mediators in RAW 264 7 macrophages and dexfran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis via N F - K B inactivation. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 53: 263-71.
17 Wang Z,B., Lu Q.L., Lu H Y , Liao W.M., Wu Z P . , KuangG.Z., Feng H J. (2011) Protective effect of Morinda officinalis polysaccharides on bone degeneration in the aged rats. International Journal of the Physical Sciences 6(1): 112-115.
18. Yong Y., Yue L., Fei F. (2015). Cost-effective isolation of bioactive compounds from a discarded bioresource - defatted seeds of Camellia oleifera.
BioResources 10(1): 1060- 1072.
!9.Zhang J.H., Xin H.L., Xu Y.M., Shen Y., He Y.Q , Hsien-Yeh, Lm B , Song H.T., Juan-Liu, Yang H.Y., Qm L.P., Zhang Q Y., Du J. (2018). Morinda officinalis How-A comprehensive review of traditional uses. Phytochemistry and pharmacology 213: 230-255.
EFFECTS OF PROCESSING FACTORS ON T H E QUALITY OF BAKICH {Morinda officianalis How) TEA BAG
Vu Kim Dung', Hoang Thi Huyen', Pham Thanh Trung', Nguyen Viet Phuong^
' Vietnam National University of Forestry
^College of Food Industries S U M M A R Y
Morinda officianalis How root is known as a matenal with high medicinal value in traditional medicine. It contains many different bioactive compounds like polysaccharide, which are good for people's health such as enhancing the immunity, improving kidney functions, keeping the stiffness and strength of muscles... The aim of this smdy is to diversify the use of the products from Morinda officianalis How root and to create a new convenient use of this medicinal material - the tea bag filter. The results show that the Polysaccharide content varies with the age of the root, in mamre roots containing 8.37 mg/g polysaccharide which is higher in young roots with 6 mg/g and older roots with 4.12 mg/g. Besides, temperature and drymg method has strong effects on polysaccharide content, pH value, total sugar content and the feeling of products. In details, polysacchande content remained in the product jeached the highest when drying at 6{fC (21.61mg/g) and the lowest at 40''C (6.31 mg/g). The average score for feeling value reached the highest (18 4 points) when the power size is I mm.
When combine with others ingredient like tea and stevia, the suitable recipe for tea bag filter making is 50%
Morinda officianalis How root + 30% tea + 20% stevia.
Keywords: Bakich, Morinda officianalis How, polysaccharide, stevia, tea bag.
Ngay nh^n bai Ngay phan bien Ngay quy^t djnh dang
: 17/8/2018 : 14/3/2019 : 21/3/2019
TAP CHI KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2019
