NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO DOI
V PHiraNG PHAP TINH TOAN N\dl SO THONG SO CUA RANG CAT TREN MAY KHAU THAN DUNG TRONG
KHAI THAC HAM LO VUNG QUANG NINH
METHOD FOR CALCULATION ON SOME PARAMETERS OF CUTTING TEETH OF WINNING MACHEME EMPLOYED IN UNDERGROUND COAL
MINING, AT QUANGNINH AREA
ThS. Le Quy C h i k ' , ThS. Nguyin XuSn Thanh',
PGS, TS. Dinh Van Chien^ ThS. Pham Van Tien^ ThS. Nguyen Chi Bao^
'Trudng Dai hge Cdng nghiep Quang Nmh
^Trudng Dai hgc Md - Dia ehdt. Ha Ndi
^Trudng Dai hgc Cdng nghiep Ha Ndi
TOM TAT
Mdy khdu than dung de khai thdc than Id cho; Can cu vao tinh hinh dia chat md, cong ngh$
khai thdc md d vung Quang Ninh, bdi bdo trinh bay ket qud nghien ciru, tinh todn mot sd thdng sd cm rang cdt tren mdy khdu than dung de khai thdc than Id cha kit hop ciing vdi mang cao trong khai thao md vung Qudng Ninh. Ket qud nghien ciru duoc diing de tinh todn, lua chpn rang cdt cua bo phgn cdt, cdc chi tiet, cum chi tiet mdy khdu vd nghiem ben mot so cum chi tiet cua may khdu than.
Tir khoa: Mdy khdu than, mang cdo. khai thdc than, rang cdt, bo phan cdt.
ABSTRACT
Coal winning machine is used in longwall coal mining. Based on the geological situation of mmes and mining technology in the Quang Ninh region, this paper presents the results of research and calculation of parameters of cutting teeth of coal winning machine, which is combined with drag conveyor in mining in Quang Ninh region. These results are used to calculate and select cutting components, parts and their group of coal winning machine. In addition, these results from this research are used to check the strength of parts of a coal winning machine
cutting parts.
Keywords: Coal winning machine, drag conveyor, underground construction, cutting teeth, parts.
l . B ^ T V A N D E
Trong cdng nghe khai thac ham Id d vimg Quang Ninh hien nay, da dung may khau true tiep d mot sd md thudc Tap doan cdng nghiep than va khoang san Viet Nam - Vinacomin nhu Khe Cham, v a n g Danh, Nam Man, Duong Huy...
Tuy nhien, nhirng loai may khau nay deu nhap khau. Tuy thude vao do kien cd cua dat da va khoang san (than), nang suat va tudi thg cua rang cat ciing khac nhau. Trong gidi han bai bao nay, nhdm tac gia neu mot phucmg phap tinh toan, lua ehgn rang cat cua bd phan cat fren may khau dimg trong khai thac than ham Id vimg Quang Ninh, nham tang nang suat, ha gia thanh va gdp phan chu ddng frong viec lap ke hoach san xuat, sira chua va tang ben bd phan cat tren may khau.
2. NOI DUNG N G H I E N CUtJ
2.1. Tinh toan lire t^c ddng Un rang cat cua may khau
2.1.1. Cdc thong so diea vao tinh todn Viec lua chgn thdng sd tinh toan cho rang cdt ciia may khdu dirge dua tren mot sd chi tieu ky thuat sau [3]:
- K h i u dugc than tren tren guong khau cua Id chg; Qua khao sat nhdm tac gia thay tai khu vue khoang sang than md Khe Cham thuan Igi ap dung md hinh ca gidi hoa ddng bd trong so dd edng nghe khai thae edt dai theo phucmg vdi mot sd thdng so c a b a n : Chieu cao khau than 1,8
^ 2,4m; Ode ddc Id chg < 30"; Chieu dai Id ehg 100 ^ I30m; Chidu dai theo phuang eae khu vuc khai thac Idn han 400m; Khau dugc than cd do kien cd trung binh d md Khe Cham la f ^ 4 - 6.
- Su dung loai may khau hep MG150/375- 1—
W do Tnmg Qudc san xuat cd: + Sd tang khau:
02;
+ [ lui^u cao khau:l,3 - 2,85m; -1- Gdc ddc via ' ^' "^- - ^^°'' ^ *^^"§ ^^^^ ^dng co chinh:
l50kV' ' 75kV/ - 375kW; + Dudng kinh tang
khau: 1,25; 1,4; 1,6m; + Tdc do quay tang khdu:
40, 46; 52 vdng/phiit; + Budc khdu: 0,63m; Van tdc di chuyen may: 6 m/phut; 4- Luc keo: 325kN;
+ Ap lire lam viec Idn nhat cua he thdng thuy lire:
l4MPa; + Trgng lugng toan bd may: 22.000 kG.
- Vdi than cd do kien cd f ^ 4 -^ 6 thi su dung may khau hep MG150/375-W la hgp li [4].
2.1.2. Cdu tgo cffbdn, nguyen ly lam viec cUu bo phgn cat mdy khau
a. Cdu tgo co bdn bo phdn cat [4]
Bd phan eat fren may khau gdm tang khau va rang cat la co cau lam viec eua may, ed nhiem vu: cat rdi than ra khdi guong than va chat than da khau vao mang cao nhd tam xoan d tren tang khau. Tang khau la tang xoan de, theo hudng eua canh xoan chia lam hai loai: Tang xoan trai (hinh 1); Tang xoan phai (hinh 2) sir dung rang cat dang ehdt.
Hinh 2. Tang khdu phdi
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NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO D 6 |
Tang khau frai lap tren tay khdu trai, tang khau phai lap tren tay khau phai. Tdc do vong quay cua hai tang khau nhu nhau nhung ngugc chieu nhau, tang khau frai quay ngugc chieu kim ddng hd, tang khau phai quay cimg chieu kim ddng hd. Tang khau cd ket cau han. De nang cao tinh chiu mdn ciia tang khau, d mat tai than ciia canh xoan cd ban dap mot Idp kim loai chiu mdn, nang cao do tin cay lam viec eiia nd.Mam dau cua tang khau dimg ket cau dia, de giam tdn hao ma sat eua mam dau vdi guong than kbi tang khau cat than, giam frd luc dan ddng ciia may khau.
Hien nay, rang cat cua may khau tai Cdng ty than Khe Cham - Vinacomin dang sir dung dang ehdt (hinh 3)[2].
rm
Hinh 3. Cdc hinh dgng rdng cdt dgng ehdt b. Nguyen ly lam viec [4]Mdmen dugc truyen tir ddng co qua hop giam tde dugc truyen cho tang khdu, lam tang khau quay. Rang cat dugc lap fren bS mat gudng xoan tae ddng vao dat da, pha huy, cdt ddt da tao thanh 1 bien dang cong tron. Dudi su di chuydn cua may khau bd phan cat dugc tidn sat vao guong khau tiep tuc qua trinh cdt. Qua trinh cdt than lap di lap lai va tao thanh ludng khdu. Than sau khi dugc cat ra khdi khdi nguyen thi dugc gudng xoan cudn vao va dua xudng mang cao d dudi gam may nen than duge dua ra lien tuc tranh hien tugng iin tac dudi tang khdu.
* Qua trinh rang cat tae dung pha vd than da [5]: (hinh 4)
Hinh 4: Cdc qud trinh phd vd than dd cua rdng cdt a. Miii dao eat tae dung len be mat than da.
b. Ben frong diem tiep xiic be mat than da vdi dau mui dao (rang cat) xuat hien luc eat.
c. Vat lieu gidn bien dang cue bd rat nhd, ben frong vat lieu trudc dau miii dao luc cat tang, xung quang mui dao xuat hien lue keo, khi luc cat va luc keo nay dat den eudng do nhat dinh se xuat hien vet nirt.
d. Vet nut nhd phat trien, md rdng, xuat hien vien, cue nut vd va rai ra. Ddng thdi cac hat bui bay ra hinh thanh bui than, mot bd phan bui than hinh thanh nguyen sinh cd sin trong via, hai loai bui nay ddng thdi phat tan. Bui mat cdn dgng lai fren dau mui dao binh thanh phoi manh.
c. Tinh todn luc tdc dong len rdng cdt dgng ehdt Khi tinh toan trong may khdu than, co nhieu phuang phap tinh khac nhau, dd xac dinh eae thdng sd cua may khau thudng xac dinh cac thdng sd CO ban mot each tucmg ddi.
Ta xet trudng hgp rang cdt dang chot (hinh 3); Sa dd tinh toan (hinh 5,6 va 7).
* Xac dinh luc cat
Sa dd lam viee cua bd phan khdu (hinh 5):
Trong qua trinh lam viee, gudng xodn quay quanh true va tien v6 phia ddu Id chg theo
hudng len ddc. Cac rang cdt fren b6 mat guong xoan se cdt phoi thanh nhi6u manh hinh ludi ligm, mat phang eua cac ranh nay song song guong Id chg (mat a) ddng thdi d mat ddu mdi gudng xoan ciing phai cd cac rang edt dd tao nen mat guang Id, mdi rang nay cat vdi chigu day phoi cat khdng ddi.
P = a.li,-N Trong do:
(1)
^
Hinh 5: Sa do Idm viec cua bd phdn khdu 1. Gudng xodn tren; 2. Guong xodn dudi;
3. Mdng cdo Id cho; 4. Than mdy khdu Dieu kien lam viec cua cae rang cat fren mdi gudng xoan la nhu nhau, cat tren be mat hd vdi chieu sau cat khdng qua Idn. Rieng rang cat d vi tri A fren be mat gudng xoan la cat ban bao hoc, cd 1 thanh ben cua rang tham gia vao qua trinh cat.
Luc cat fren eac rang d be mat gudng xoan, theo [5].
Hinh 6: So do tinh h Theo [5] chieu sau cat trung binh:
S K
^max" Chieu sau eat Idn nhat, cm (hinh 6).
k: He sd phu thudc kieu cat, eat ban bao boc k = 1,2
Cat tren be mat hd k = 1.
Thay vao (1) ta dugc:
- Tinh chieu sau cat theo budc cat t:
Khi cat bao bgc va cat tren be mat hd thi t
a: He sd can cat dan vi phu thudc vao do kien cd cua than xac dinh bdng thuc nghiem, N/cm.Theo [3] tai md than Khe Cham do dieu kien khai thae ngay mpt xuong sau, tmh chat eua than cang phire tap, do kien cd cua than chgn f = 4-^5, theo [5] ta cd a = 4500 N/cm.
h - chidu sau cdt trung binh, em.
Tj^co n 6: A,B, = D va B|C, = h 5 = g E c . ^
2
- > 4 c h o n - ^ 5 ^ h - 1 / 5 . h ' h
Vdi chieu sau khau 630 mm, chgn t ^ 30 mm (dgc theo dudng sinh, dudng tam).
Nhu vay ta cd: h^^^ = 30/5 ^ 6 mm ^ 0,6
+ Vdi rang d vi fri A (k = 1,2) thay vao (2)
p.-a.(Ue]\^
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NGHIEN CUfU-TRAOD6|
Thay a ^ 4500 N/em vao (3) ta dugc:
/•^=4500.|-.0,6 I «1418W
(- Vdi cac rang cat fren mat gudng xoan (k
= 1) t a c 6 :
7t K
(4) Thay a = 4500 N/cm vao (4) ta dugc
Thay a = 4500 N/cm vao (8) ta dugc:
P , ^ = 2 , 5 . 4 5 0 0 . f - . 0 , 6 | =.10644 Af
- Voi rang cat tren b l mat guong xoan:
P , = 2,5.Pg = 2 , 5 . i ^ = — , N (9) ' ' n 7t
Thay a = 4500 N/cm vao (9) ta dugc:
* Xac dinh luc can cat tac dung len rang dang chot (hinh 7): Luc cat tren cac rang o mat dau Pj, do cac rang a mat dau moi guong xoan cat vgi chieu day phoi cat khong doi, ta co:
Pj = P^j = a.h = 0,6a, N (5) Thay a ^ 4500 N/cm vao (5) ta dugc:
^2= F„j= 0,6.4500= 2700 W
+ Xac dinh momen uon do luc P2 tac dpng M^, theo [5] ta co:
M = P 0,0705 (6)
* Xac dinh luc can theo phuang tien ciia may P,; (hinh 7)
Luc can an sau rang eat dugc xac dinh tu cdng thuc, theo [5].
- Vdi rang cat fren mat dau:
P , = P - 2 , 5 . P - 2,5. a. 0 , 6 = 1,5a, N (10) Thay a = 4500 N/cm vao (10) ta dugc:
P i = P ^ j = 1,5.4500 = 6750, N
Vi tat ca cac rSng tren guong xoSn deu co tinh doi lan, deu chiu luc nhu nhau nen khi kiim nghiem do ben, chi can k i l m nghiem vdi lire Icfn nhat tac dong len rang de dam bao dp bin.
Nhu vay, can nghiem b i n rang cit vdi:
+ Luc can theo phuong tien cua may len rang dang ch6t la P, = P^^^ = 6750N; + Luc can cat tac dung len rang dang ch6t la P^ = P^^ = 2700 N; + Mo men uSn do P^ tac dong M = 190,35 Nm.
P = c . P , N Trong d6: y
(7)
P: Luc cat, N;
c: He s6 ty le, khi h > 0,5 cm, chon c = 2,5 (theo [5])
- Nhu vay, vai rang cSt g vi tri A (hinh 6).
P , . = 2,5P, = 2,5.a. £ . 0 , 6 , N (8) Hinh 7: Sa do life tac dong len rang cdt dgng chSl
X ^ ^ ^ t**^" kiem nghifm ben rang cat bang phan mem Inventor
Trong gidi ban bai bao nay, nhdm tac gia tinh toan nghiem bin rang eat dang ehdt cua may khau dian MG150/375-W.
Tinh ben rang cat tai vi tri luc tac dung len rang cat la Idn nhdt:
Pi„™-6750[N];P^^^=2700[N];M^=190,35[Nm];
Rang cat cd kich thudc nhd, cdu tao phuc tap (hinh 7) nen ta kidm nghiem ben bdng phdn mem hiventor[6] (tinh do b6n chi tidt bdng phan mem md phdng tren may tinh Inventor). K8t qua tinh toan dugc thd hien fren hinh 8, hinh 9, hinh 10.
Dieu kien d6 rang cdt lam viee dam bao bdn [I]: a <[CT] = - ^
n.k^ (10)
- o^: Gidi han b6n cua vat lieu lam rang cdt (chgn thep su dung ch6 tao than rang dang chot la thep 40CrNi toi cai thien, cd o,^ = lOOOMPa; thep sir dung che tao duih rang dang ehdt, luoi edt la thep 35CrMnSiA, cd o^ = 1650MPa);
- n = 1,5: He sd du trii ben, vdi rang edt may khau thudng idy n = 1,4 ^ 1,6.
- k^ = 2: he sd tai trgng ddng frong lam
Hinh 8: Bieu do img sudt tren thdn rdng cdt
Hinh 9: Bieu dd img sudt bien dgng tren dinh rdng cdt
fpif,;- If do chuyen vi tdc ddng len rdng cdt
Kiem nghiem ben rang edt dang ehdt.
Ung suat Idn nhat tac ddng len than rang dang ehdt la: (hmh 8).
Jn,„ = 274.3MPa<[o]=^^ = 333,3 MPa.
"^ 1,5.2 IJng suat Idn nhat tac ddng len dinh rang dang ehdt la: (hinh 9).
J = 522 MPa < [o] =^^ = 550MPa.
1,5.2
Vay rang cat dang ehdt dam bao do bdn khi lam viec.
Tir ket qua thu dugc ta nhan thay ung suat Idn nhat cua rang eat trong trudng hgp P^^^^
6750[N]; P^^^^ - 2700[N]; M^ - 190,35[Nmircd gia tri a^^ ^ 522MPa
j^^^ = 522MPa < [oj = 550MPa
o^: Gidi ban ben cita vat lieu duge dung de ehe tao, chgn vat lieu che tao dau rang cat dang ehdt la thep hgp kim dung cu cd do ben cao 35CrMnSiA, ed o^ - 1650MPa.
Bien dang cua rang cat dang ehdt dat gia
tri nhd can thiet. '^
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NGHIEN CUfU-TRAO D 6 I
Trong qua trinh tinh toan nhdm tae gia da xac dinh duge vi tri xudt hien a ^ day la can cu de tang cudng vat lieu va nang cao he sd du trQ bSn cho rang cdt eiia bg phan edt fren may khdu frong qua trinh lam viec.
3. NHAN XET VA KET L U ^
Tir cac bi8u dd fren hmh 8, hmh 9, hinh 10 eho phep xac dinh duge ung sudt Idn nhdt cua rang cdt dang ehdt fren may khau than ung vdi eae gia fri ciia luc tac ddng I6n rang cdt va do kien ed cua than da.
Vdi cac kdt qua nghien cuu neu fren eho phep tinh toan, lira chpn dugc rang cat eua bg phan cdt tren may khdu than theo hudng tang tudi bdn, dam bao cho may khdu lam viec theo yeu eSu dat ra khi khai thac than Id chg frong khai thac md hdm Id viing Quang Ninh. Nhdm tang nang suat, ha gia thanh va gdp phdn chu ddng trong viee lap ke hoach san xuat, sua chiia may khau than.*>
Ngay nhan bai: 12/4/2014 Ngay phan bien: 08/5/2014 Tai lieu tham khao:
[1]. Le Quang Minh, Nguyen Van Vuong (2009), Sire ben vdt lieu, NXB. Giao d\ic. Ha Ndi.
[2]. Cam nang cdng nghe vd thiit bi md (2006), NXB. Khoa hoc va K^ thuat.
[3]. Vien khoa hpc Cong nghe M6 (2004), Bao cao nghien cuu kha thi: Ap dung thir nghiem cong ngh$ khai thdc ca gidi hoa dong bo bdng mdy khdu combai ket hop ddn chdng tu hdnh tgi Cdng ty Than Khe Cham - Vinacomin.
[4]. Vien khoa hoc Cdng nghe Mo (2006), Nghien cuu lua chon vd dp dung ddn chdng tu hdnh voi mdy khdu tgi cong ty than Khe Cham Phu luc I: Quy trinh cdng nghe khai thdc co giai hda ddng bo bdng mdy khdu MG150/3 75- W vd gidn tu hdnh ZZ3200/16/26.
[5]. Tai lieu Tieng Trung (1997),//woMgt/an tinh todn, thiet ke mdy khdu than sic dung md ham Id, Trudng Dai hpc Lieu Ninh (Tmng Quoc).
[6]. Autodesk: Positioning Mechanical Desktop and Autodesk Inventor. Autodesk White paper, 1999.
