Nghienciili trao ddi
Vai trd cua he thdng kiem soat ndi hd vdi hieu qua hoat ddng cua doanh nghiep
C^I>GS.TS. H a X u a n THach* - T h s . N g u y ^ n T h ! M a i Sang''
Nhan. 01/7/2019 Bien tQp: 05/8/2019 Duyet dang: 05/9/2019
Mijc tieu cua nghiSn cihi nay la xac dinh anh hu^ng cua tinh hmi hi$u cua he thdng kiim soat ndi bo va hieu qua hoat ddng cua cac doanh nghidp d Vidt Nam.
Thong gua viec tdng quan tai lidu vS vdn di tren, mdt khung mdu nghien cCfu da du^c dd xuit. Nghidn cu'u nay dua tren biin phu thudc lahleu qua ho^t ddng: blin trung gian gom tinh hCru hieu cua hd thong kiem soat noi bd; nSm blin dgc lap gdm mdi tnedng kiim soat, ddnh gia rui ro, hoat dong kiim soat, thdng tin vd iruyin thdng, giam sat Nghien ciiu ap dung phuong phap dinh lu^ng de phan tich dir iidu d$c biet la ky thuat PLS - SEM. duac thuc hien tai cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam trong nam 2019.
Tir khoa: He thdng kiem soat ndi bo, tinh hOv hieu, hieu qua hoat ddng.
doanh nghiep.
Abstract
The main objective of the study is to determine the effect of the effective- ness of internal control system and operational performance of enterprises in Vietnam. Through the literature review about the above issue, a research model framework is proposed. This study is based on the dependent vari- able: operational performance: mediating variable: Effectiveness ofintemal control system and five independent variables: control Environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, monitoring.
The research adopts a quantitative method to analyze data specifically is PLS-SEt^. The study is performed at the enterprises in Vietnam in 2019.
Keywords: Internal control system,Effectlveness,Operational perform- ance. Enterprises
M
dt yeu cau cap bach dat ra ddi vdi Nha nude va cac nha quan tri tai cac doanh nghiep (DN) Viet Nam hidn nay la phai xay dyng dugc mdt he thdng kigm soat ndi bp (HTK- SNB) huu hieu. Tinh hiru hieu ciia HTKSNB va sy hien dien ciia cac bien phap ngan chan gian lan thich hgp se giiip nang cao hieu qua kinh doanh.Mac khac, khi cac DN thigt ke dugc mot HTKSNB tdt se gia tang hieu qua su dung ngudn luc, hieu qua san xuat - kinh doanh ciia DN.
Ngugc lai, HTKSNB ygu kem se
dan dgn that bai trong quan tri doanh nghiep (QTDN), lam mat niem tin noi nha dau tu va gia tri tai chinh DN hi danh gia thip trgn thi trudng, gay thiet hai Idn cho DN.
Lam rd mdi quan he giira cac nhan td tac ddng den tinh hiiu hieu cua HTKSNB, tir dd lam gia tang hieu qua boat ddngcho cac DN Viet Nam la mdt nghign ciiu cd y nghTa khoa hgc ly thuyet ddi vdi ngn kinh te Viet Nam. Trong xu hudng kinh te thg gidi dien bign phirc tap, Viet Nam can chuan bi de cd kha nang ung pho vdi nhirng
cii sdc tir ben ngoai va viec nang cao tinh hiiu hieu cua HTKSNB, cua cdng tac QTDN la ddi hdi ngay cang cap thigt.
Tong quan tai lieu Cac thanh phan Iciem sodt npi bp (KSNB)
Cac thanh phSn KSNB, theo COSO 2013, gdm 5 thanh phkn sau: mdi trudng kiem soat, danh gia nil ro, hoat dpng kiem soat, he thdng thong tin va truyen thdng, giam sat.
Tinh huu hieu cua HTKSNB Theo William Ofori (2011), tinh hiru hieu cua KSNB phy thugc vao sy hien dien ciia tat ca 5 thanh phan tren.
Sau khi phan tich 5 thanh phlin chinh cua quy trinh KSNB dugc xac dinh bdi Uy ban Basel (giam sat quan tri va kiem soatvan hda, danh gia nii ro, cac boat ddng kiem soat, he thdng thdng tin va truyen thdng, giam sat), Mahmut Burak Ozbek (2011) nhan thSy, mot HTK- SNB hiiu hieu co the da ngan chan hoac phat hien nhiing van de dan dgn thua Id hoac it nhat han chg thiet hai ddi vdi ITnh vyc ngan hang d fhd Nhi Ky.
Theo Bao cao COSO 2013, mdt HTKSNB hull hieu cung cap su dam bao hgp ly cho viec dat dugc cac myc tigu ciia don vi. Ndi each khac, HTKSNB htm hieu phai giam thieu rui ro cua viec khdng dat dupe mdt, hai hay ca ba nhdm
" Trirong Dai Hoc Kinh Te TP.H6 Chi Minh
(&mim torn sdfM/ig 10/2019
Nghien cdli trao ddi
muc tieu xudng mire thap nhat cd thg chap nhan dupe. Do vay, mdt HTKNSB hiiu hieu ddi hdi thda man ddng thdi hai tigu chuan sau:
- Nam bd phan cau thanh ciia HTKSNB va cac nguyen tac kidm soat lign quan deu phai hien hiru va van hanh hiiu hieu trong thuc te.
- Nam bg phan cau thanh ciing hoat ddng nhu mpt the thong nhat.
Theo quan digm cua Philip Aya- gre va cac cdng sy (2014), tinh hiru hieu cua HTKSNB la trung tam digu hanh ciia mpi td chiic.
Samukri (2015) thi khSng dinh, tinh hiiu hieu cua HTKSNB ygu cau mot mdi trudng kiem soat hieu qua. KSNB giiip dam bao rang phuong hudng, chinh sach, thii tuc va thuc tign dugc thiet ke va phg duyet bdi ban quan ly va ban giam doc. Qua dd, nang cao hieu qua ciia td chirc va quan tri thdng qua KSNB huu hieu, quan ly nii ro cdng ty hieu qua, gian lan va sai pham cd thg dugc ngan chan cho cac DN d Indonesia.
Cdn theo kgt luan ciia Ramdany va cac cdng sy (2017), tinh hiiu hieu ciia KSNB la mot qua trinh nh5m cung cip sy dam bao hgp ve hiiu hieu va hieu qua hoat ddng, bao cao tai chinh (BCTC) dang tin cay va tuan thu cac luat va quy dinh hien hanh. Kgt luan tuong ddng vdi muc tigu cua Bao cao COSO 2013 va cung chinh la thang do ma tac gia sii dung trong nghien ciiu.
Hi^u qua hoat dpng Kh^i niem vg hieu qua hoat ddng cd nhigu quan digm khac nhau, digu nay dan den viec do ludng hieu qua hoat dgng ciing cd nhidu tigu chi khac nhau. Theo Dixon va cac cong su (1990), cac thudc do hieu qua boat dgng phii hgp la cac thudc do cho phep td chiic hudng dan nhiing hoat ddng nham dat dupe cac muc tigu chign luge da de ra.
Richard va cac cong su (2009) da xac dinh 207 bien sd cho hieu
qua hoat ddng bao gdm 3 ITnh vyc cu the cho hieu qua DN gdm: (1) Hieu qua tai chinh (Igi nhuan, ROA, ROE, ROI...); (2) Hieu qua thi trucmg san xuat (ban hang, thi phSn...) va (3) Lgi tire cd ddng (tdng Igi nhuan cd ddng, gia tri kinh tg gia tang...). Cach tiep can cd dien de do ludng hieu qua hoat dpng theo Van Aartsengel va Kur- toglu (2013), hieu qua hoat dpng ciia DN la mdi tuang quan phiic tap giiia 6 tieu chi: tinh hiiu hieu, hieu qua, chSt lugng, nang suat, ddi mdi va lgi nhuan. Ap dung cac thudc do hieu qua phii hgp giiip DN kiem soat true tigp nhiing hoat ddng dg dat nhirng muc tieu chien lupc cua hp.
Hon niia, hieu qua hoat dgng cd the dugc xac dinh thdng qua cac chi tigu: ddn bay tai chinh, tdc do tang trudng doanh thu, lgi nhuan tren chi phi, theo Katrien Van de Poel va Ann Vanstraelen (2011), Jong Eun Lee (2015). Ngoai ra, Oyoo Otieno Collins (2014) da do ludng hieu qua hoat dgng bang tinh thanh khoan.
Ali Abedalqader va cac cgng sy (2015) thi sir dung kha nang sinh Idi, gdm thu nhap tren mdi cd phieu (EPS), ROA, ROE, ty suat Igi nhuan (Profit Margin = PM) de xac dinh hieu qua hoat dgng.
Trong cac nghien ciru trudc, HTKSNB anh hudng den hieu qua hoat ddng dugc do ludng bang cac chi so ROA, ROE, ROI... kha pho bien.
Tuy cd nhigu each do ludng hieu qua boat dgng nhung trong nghign ciiu nay, tac gia chi tap trung do ludng hieu qua hoat ddng ciia cac DN d Viet Nam theo tieu chi hieu qua tai chinh. Cu thg, hieu qua hoat ddng dugc do ludng b5ng 3 chi tieu ROA. ROE va ROI.
Moi quan he giira tinh huu hieu cua HTKSNB va hipu qua hogt dpng ciia DN
Theo Dai Chuntan va cac cdng su (2010), Zainab Rezaie Gilandeh
va cac cgng sy (2016), tinh huu hieu cua HTKSNB anh hudng tryc tiep dgn myc tieu tdi da hda hi^u qua hoat ddng cua DN. Ngoai ra, ](n ich ciia tinh huu hieu ciia HTKSNB trong viec nang cao hieu qua ho^i ddng ciia DNla rd rang hon (Qiang Cheng va cac cdng su, (2015)).
Theo quan digm ciia Morteza Shokoohi va cac cgng su (2015), Susan Peter Teru va cac cgng sir (2017), viec van dung tmh huu hifu ciia HTKSNB anh hudng dgn cac boat dgng va thanh tich ciia DN, HTKSNB nang cao chJit lyi;ffig QTDN va cai thien hieu suat tai chinh trong cac cdng ty niem y^i (CTNY) tai Sd Giao dich chimg khoan Nairobi (John Kang'aru Kinyua (2016)). Hon niia, Douglas Ong'ang'a Nyakundi va cac cong su (2014), Janet Cheptoo Bettva Florence Sigara Memba (2017)chi ra, viec thyc hien HTKSNB phii hgp ludn nang cao hieu su^t tai chinh trong cac td chiic tai chinh vi md d Kenya. Tinh hiiu hieu cua HTKSNB cao ciing cd thg cai thien boat dgng chung ciia DN va anh hudng den cac muc tigu ciia cac ben lien quan (Orhan Akisik va Grahm Gal (2017)). Nam 2018, Maulina Rachman va cac cgng su cho rang, mot HTKSNB hiiu hieu se ngan chan gian lan trong vi?c quan tri phan phdi khu vyc va dan den dat dugc ket qua phan phoi hieu qua.
Cac nghien cii-u thuc nghiem Tinh huu hieu ciia HTKSNB Angella Amudo va Eno L, Inanga (2009) danh gia cac HTK- SNB ciia cac nude thanh vien, khu vuc cua Td chiic Nhom ngan hang phat trign chau Phi. Md hinh gom bien phu thudc latinh hiru hi^u cua KSNB; cac bign dgc lap gom ffloi trudng kiem scat, danh gia nii ro, cac hoat ddng kigm soat, thdng tin va tuygn truygn, giam satva cong nghe thdng tin; bien kigm soat g6ni liy quygn, mdi quan he cdng viec.
'J chi W^tom todn,s6thdrt(]10/2019
Nghi6n cihi trao d6i
Phuong phap dinh lugng: thdng kg md t^, phan tich hdi quy bdi dugc van dung dg phan tich cho 3.111 du an cua nhdm ngan hang phat trien d chau Phi. Kgt qua cho thay, mot vai thanh phan cua HTK- SNB khdng tdn tai, din dgn HTK- SNB khdng dat miic do hiiu hieu.
Vi the, cac tac gia kien nghi, viec danh gia tinh hiru hieu ciia HTK- SNB phai dugc xem xet vdi su ton tai va chiic nang cua sau thanh phan kiem soat chinh, da dugc xac dinh bdi md hinh.
Nam 2011, Rokeya Sultana va cdng sy (2011) tien hanh nghien ciiu tr8n tinh than ke thira md hinh ciia Angella Amudo va Eno L.
Inanga (2009) va cd thay ddi cho phii hgp vdi bdi canh nghien ciiu.
Cac tac gia nhan dinh riing, mdt hoac vai ngan hang thieu sdt mdt sd thanh phan cua HTKSNB cho thay, it hoac nhieu cau tnic KSNB hien tai da dat dupe tinh hiiu hieu tai cac ngan hang sir dung trong mSu nghien ciiu.
Nghien ciiu cua Gamage va cac cdng sy (2014) nhan djnh, can phai kigm tra cac HTKSNB dugc thiet lap CO hiiu hieu hay khdng va chiing dugc ap dung cd hieu qua trong thyc tign tai cac ngan hang thuong mai nha nude d Sri Lanka khdng? Cac tac gia thigt ke vdi bien phy thudc la tinh hull hieu HTKSNB, cac bign dpc lap gdm nam thanh phan HTK- SNB, vdi sau gia thuyet tuong ling tir HI dgn H6, the hidn mdi quan he giiia cac bien vdi nhau. Cac tac gia tien hanh khao sat tai 64 chi nhanh ngan hang thuong mai nha nude Sri Lanka, vdi 128 ngudi tra Idi. Tuy nhien, ban chg cua bai vigt la chua tign hanh giai doan phan tich md hinh. Cho nen, nghien ciru can phai thyc hien, phan tich md hinh hdi quy bpi dg dua ra ket qua chinh xac, nhiing phat hien se thira nhan hoac bac bd nhan thiic hien tai ve tinh hiru hieu KSNB trong cac ngan hang thuong mai nha nude Sri Lanka dugc thda dang.
Tac gia S.Kumuthinidevi (2016) tign hanh nghien ciiu vg tinh hiiu higu ciia HTKSNB d cac ngan hang tu nhan cua Trincomalee bSng phuang phap dinh lugng thong ke md ta va phan tich hdi quy. Tac gia da dya tren bien phu thudc: tinh hiru hieu KSNB va nam bien dgc lap: mdi trudng kigm soat, danh gia rui ro, ke toan, he thdng thdng tin va tuyen truygn, hoat ddng giam sat va tu danh gia. Du lieu so cSp va thii cip dugc thu thap, dg do ludng mdi quan he giiia bign hai bien.
Cdng cu chinh du lieu so cap la bang cau hdi, dugc phan phdi den cac nhan vien chinh thirc ciia 10 ngan hang thuong mai d Trincoma- lee. Theo danh gia dii lieu, tat ca cac bien dpc lap anh hudng den tinh hiiu hieu HTKSNB d miic dp vira phai. Ddng thdi, tinh hiiu hieu ciia KSNB cd the giiip DN, dat dugc eac muc tigu KSNB hi^u qua.
Ben canh cac nghien ciiu vg tinh hiiu hieu eua HTKSNB thi tai Viet Nam, eac nha hoe thuat da kg thira cac md hinh tren gdm: Hd Tuan Vu (2017), Nguyen Thi Thiiy va Nguygn Tuan (2017), Ha Xuan Thach va cdng su (2017), TrSn Van Tung,TrSn Phudc va cdng sy (2018) dugc thyc hien trong nhigu ITnh vyc va cac DN khac nhau. Kgt qua cho thay, tinh hiiu hieu ciia HTKSNB d cac md hinh DN khac nhau thi dat dupe tinh hiru hieu va hieu qua khac nhau.
Tinh hiru hieu cua HTKSNB anh hu&ng den hiiu qua hoat dong ciia cac DN
Chu dg tinh huu hieu ciia HTK- SNB anh hudng den hieu qua hoat ddng cLia DN la xu hudng nghien ciiu dac biet thu hiit sy tranh luan mdt each sdi ndi.
Nam 2014, Douglas Ong'ang'a Nyakundi va cac cdng sy da nghien ciiu vdi ba bien dgc lap gdm: XI - Tinh hiiu hieu cua KSNB, X2 = Xem xet va kiem tra KSNB, X3 = Miic do kign thiic kinh doanh ciia
DN trong KSNB; va bign phu thudc la Y = Hieu sudt tai chinh (Lgi nhu3n trgn d'Su tu (ROI)). Xir ly cho mdt m^u 117 DN Mng phuang phap dinh lugng thiet ke nghien ciiu khao sat dii lieu cheo.
Cac phat hien cho thdy rSng, tinh hiru hieu cua HTKSNB, thu tuc liy quygn ciia miic do kien thiic kinh doanh cua DN trong KSNB, xem xet va kigm tra KSNB cd anh hudng tich cue den hieu qua tai chinh cua cac DN vira va nhd tai thanh phd Kisumu d Kenya.
Vdi muc tieu thigt lap anh hudng ciia KSNB ddi vdi hieu suat tai chinh cua cac cdng ty san xuat d Nairobi, Kenya, tac gia Ndembu Zipporah Njoki (2015) da nghien cuu cac bien dpc lap la 5 thanh phan ciia HTKSNB, gdm: mdi trudng kigm soat, danh gia nii ro, hoat ddng kiem soat, thdng tin va tuyen truygn, giam sat; bign phy thudc la hieu suat tai chinh cua cac cdng ty san xuat d Kenya, dugc do bang Ipi nhuan tren tai san (ROA).
Cac kgt qua phan tich dinh lugng cho thay rang, co mdi quan he tich cue giiira KSNB va hieu suat tai chinh, ciia cac cdng ty san xuSt d Kenya. Cac bign dgc lap la 5 thanh phan cua HTKSNB da dong gop 57,4% (tuong ling R2 didu chinh = 0,574) vao sy bign thien cua hieu suat tai chinh, cho thay md hinh dg xuat trgn la phii hgp.
Quan tam dgn hieu suSt tai chinh cua DN, tac gia John K.
Kinyua va cac cgng su (2015) nghign ciiu 62 CTNY tren Sd Giao dich chiing khoan Nairobi d Kenya. Ap dung phan tich hdi quy cho cac bign dgc lap: mdi trudng KSNB, chiic nang kiem toan ngi bg, quan ly rui ro, cac hoat ddng kiem soat, QTDN va bign phu thupc la hieu suit tai chinh. Phat hien chi ro, mdi trudng KSNB co miic do phii hgp 16,9%, ngu y rang, mdi trudng KSNB da giai thich dupe 16,9% su thay ddi hieu suit tai chinh ciia cac CTNY tren
Nghien cuU trao ddi
Sd Giao dich chimg khoan Nairobi.
Tu dd, ket luan rang, cd mdi quan he dang ke giira mdi trudng KSNB va hieu suat tai chinh. Ngoai ra, khi cd mdi quan he tich eye giua chat lugng thu nhap va kha nang quan ly, hoac giiia chit lugng thu nhap va tinh hiru hieu cua KSNB BCTC dugc xem xet, ket qua cho thay rang, cac nha quan ly co nhieu kha nang de thiet ke va duy tri tinh hiru hieu cua KSNB ddi vdi BCTC, giiip cac nha quan ly giam sat tdt hon BCTC ciia cdng ty, theo Jong Eun Lee (2015).
Thuc hien nghien ciiu dinh lugng cho 118 CTNY tren thi trudng chiing khoan Tehran (Iran), bdi Zainab Rezaie Gilandeh va cac cdng su (2016). Cac phat hien chi rd, HTKSNB cd anh hudng tich cue dang kg den gia tri thi trudng gia tang, thu nhap trgn mdi cd phieu.
Thgm niia, HTKSNB cd tac dpng tich cue den loi nhuan thu dugc tir cac boat ddng kinh doanh ciia cdng ty. Tuang tu, tinh hiiu hieu KSNB ddng gdp vao su ben viing ciia hieu suat tai chinh ciia DN (Orhan Ak- isik, Grahm Gal (2017)).
Quan tam ve anh hudng cua HTKSNB den hieu suat tai chinh cdn dugc Janet Cheptoo Bett va Florence Sigara Memba (2017) va ket qua da xac nhan rang, mdi trudng kigm soat, danh gia riii ro va he thdng thdng tin cd anh hudng dang kg den hieu suat tai chinh ciia cdng ty Menengai d Kenya, Dac biet, phat hien cdn lam sang td cac boat ddng KSNB khac nhau cd thg dugc dua ra bdi quan ly ciia cdng ty. Vdi y kien cho rang, cac bao cao kiem toan KSNB cdng bd bdi kiem toan vign cd miic do dam bao cao hon ddi vdi tinh hiru hieu cua KSNB cua cdng ty, la tin hieu cua cdng ty cd KSNB dat tinh hiru hieu...
Tai Viet Nam, nghien ciru ve tinh hiiu hieu ciia HTKSNB anh hudng den hieu qua hoat ddng cd
rat It nghien cihi nhu: Chu Thi Thu Thiiy (2016), Dang Thiiy Anh (2017), Vd Thu Phung (2017), Nguyen Tuan va cdng sy (2017), Nguygn Hoang Phuang Thanh (2017) dugc thyc hien cho cac nganh khac nhau vdi cac ket qua HTKSNB cd anh hudng tich cue dgn hieu qua tai chinh, hieu qua hoat dpng cua EVN, kha nang sinh Idi; hieu qua hoat dgng cho eac ddi tugng va ITnh vyc khac nhau nhu:
CTNY tren thi trudng chiing khoan Viet Nam, eac DN nhd va vira, Tap doan Dien luc Viet Nam (EVN), cae ngan hang thuang mai.
Khoang trong nghien cuu Tir nhiing nghien ciiu thyc nghiem trgn, xac dinh dugc 3 khoang trdng da tao dieu kien dg thyc hien nghign ciiu cu thg nhu sau: Sy khan higm nghien ciiu ket ndi hai xu hudng nghign ciiu thanh mdt van de dd lit: Cac nhan td tac ddng den tinh hiiu hieu ciia HTK- SNB va tinh huu hieu ciia HTK- SNB anh hudng dgn hieu qua hoat ddng ciia DN; thieu nghien ciiu xay dyng bign tinh hiiu hi?u cua HTK- SNB anh hudng den hieu qua boat ddng ciia DN dugc do ludng b5ng 3 muc tieu ciia HTKSNB; thieu nghign cim sir dung phan tich md hinh cau true tuyen tinh (SEM) trong mdi quan he qua lai giiia cac nhan td tac dgng den tinh hiiu hieu KSNB va tir dd anh hudng dgn hieu qua hoat ddng tai DN Viet Nam.
Cac khoang trdng trgn chinh la ly do thiic day lya chgn nghign ciiu vg chii de: Cac nhan td tac ddng den tinh hiiu hieu ciia HTKSNB, tir dd anh hudng den hieu qua hoat ddng ciia cac DN d Viet Nam.
C^c ly thuy@t nen Nghien ciiu nay van dyng bon ly thuyet nen gdm: ly thuyet liy nhiem, ly thuyet thg che, ly thuyet cac ben lien quan.
Khung dg xuat tinh huu higu cua HTKSNB anh hudng den hieu qua hoat ddng ciia cac DN Viet Nam.
Tir cac nghien ciiu thyc nghiem kgt hgp vdi CO sd ly thuygt HTK- SNB theo COSO 2013 va cac ly thuygt ngn, nhdm tac gia hinh thanh md hinh nghien ciru ly thuygt d^
kien dugc nhdm tac gia xay dyng va de xuat nhu hinh 1 (trang 21),
Trong dd:
- Bien dgc l^p: bao gdm 05 thanh phin ciia COSO 2013
-l-MTKS: Mdi trudng kigm soat + DGRR: Danh gia rui ro + HDKS: Ho?it dgng kigm soat + TT&TT: Thdng tin va truyen thdng
-I- GS: Giam sat
- Bien trung gian: Tinh hiiu hieu cua HTKSNB (Dugc do ludng theo 03 muc tigu ciia HTKSNB).
+ MTI: Hoat ddng hiiu hieu va higu qua
+ MT2: BCTC kip thdi, diydii va dang tin cay
+ MT3: Tuan thii cac quy tic v^
quy dinh
- Bign phu thugc: Hieu qua hoat dgng (Dugc do bing cac chi tieu)
+ ROA: Lgi nhuan rdng tren tai san
+ ROE: Lgi nhuan rdng tren vdn chu sd hiiu
+ ROI Lgi nhuan rdng tren diu tu
Cac gia thuylt
Sau gia thuygt dugc dua ra nhu sau:
HI: MTKS td chirc tot se tdc dpng tich cue den tinh huu hi^u cua HTKSNB
Gia thuygt HI dugc xay dyng dya trgn co sd ly thuygt KSNB cua COSO 2013, ly thuyet iiy nhiem va kgt qua cua nhirng nghien ciiu trudc nhu: Angella Amudo va Eno L.Inanga (2009), Mahmut Burak Ozbek (2011), Rokeya Sultana va cdng su (2011), S.Kumuthinidevi va cdng su (2016), Ho Tuin Vu (2017), Nguygn Thi Thuy va NguySn Tuin (2017), Ha Xuan Th^ch va
O
» dii "Keloaii &mimi torn sothmg 10/2019Hgliien GUU trao ddi
cdng su (2017), Tran Van Tung, Trin Phudc va cgng sy (2018).
H2: Ddnh gid rui ro to chuc tot se tdc dpng tich cue den tinh hiru hi$u cua HTKSNB
Gia thuyet H2 dugc dg xuat tren CO sd ly thuygt KSNB theo COSO 2013, ly thuyet iiy nhiem va ling hp ciia cac tac gia trudc gdm: Mahmut Burak Ozbek (2011), Rokeya Sul- tana va cdng sy (2011), Philip Aya- gre va eac cdng sy (2014), S.Kumuthinidevi va cdng sy (2016), Hd Tuin Vu (2017), Nguyen Th; Thiiy va Nguyen Tuan (2017), Ha Xuan Thach va cdng sy (2016), Trin Van Tiingva cac cgng su(20I8).
H3: Hog.t dpng Idem sodt to chitc tot se tdc dpng tich cue den tinh hiru hiiu cua HTKSNB
Gia thuyetdugc de xuat theo ly thuydt KSNB cua COSO 2013, ly thuyet uy nhiem va cae nghien cim trudc gdm: Mahmut Burak Ozbek (2011), Rokeya Sultana va cdng su (2011), S.Kumuthinidevi(2016), Hd Tuin Vu (2017), Nguygn Thi Thuy va Nguyin Tuin (2017), Ha Xuan Thach va cong su (2017), Trin Van Timg, Tran Phudc va cdng su (2018).
H4: Thong tin vd tuyen truyen td chuc tot se tdc dpng tich c^rc din tinh hHv hi$u cua HTKSNB Gia thuyet H4 dugc de xuat dya tren ca sd ly thuyet KSNB ciia COSO 2013, ly thuyet iiy rihi?m va ket qua ciia cac tac gia gdm: An- gella Amudo va Eno L.Inanga (2009),Mahmut Burak Ozbek (20II), S.Kumuthinidevi va cdng sy(20I6), Hd Tuin Vu (2017), Nguyen Thi Thuy va Nguyen Tuan (2017), Ha Xuan Thach va cgng sy (2017), Trin Van Tung,Trin Phudc va cdng sy (2018).
H5: Gidm sdt td chirc tot se tdc dpng tich c{rc den tinh hiiu hieu cua HTKSNB
Gia thuyet H5 dugc dg xuat dya vao ly thuyet KSNB cua COSO
2013, ly thuyet iiy nhiem va ung hg cua cac nghien ciiu trudc gdm:
Rokeya Sultana va cdng sy (2011), Philip Ayagre va cac cdng su (2014), Hd Tuin Vii (2017), Nguygn Thi Thiiy va Nguygn Tuan (2017), Tran Van Tiingva caccpng sy (2018).
H6: HTKSNB cd tinh hiiu hifu tot se anh hudng tich cue den hieu qua hoat dpng
cdng su (2017), Maulina Rachman va cac cdng sy (2018), Dang Thuy Anh (2017), Chu Thi Thu Thuy (2016), Vd Thu Phung (2017), Nguygn Tuin va Dudng Nguygn Hung (2017).
Fhuvng phap nghien ciru Do muc tieu cua nghign ciiu nay la nhim kigm dinh ly thuyet khoa hpc nen phuang phap nghien cihi dinh lugng dugc su dung dya vao Gia thuygt H6 dugc dg xuit can quy trinh suy dign (Nguygn Dinh cii vao ly thuygt uy nhiem, ly Thg, 2013).
thuygt thg chg, ly thuygt cac bgn Nghien curu so bp: Dya vao lign quan va cac nghien ciiu trudc thang do cac khai niem nghign cim nhu: Dai Chunlan va cac cdng sy dugc ke thira tir cac nghien ciiu lien (2010), M. Dale Stoel va Waleed quan, mgt nghien ciiu so bd dugc A. Muhann (201 i), Mahmut
Burak Ozbek (2011), Katrien Van de Poel va cdng su (2011), Dou- glas Ong'ang'a Nyakundi va cae cdng su (2014), Oyoo Otieno Collins (2014), Qiang Cheng va cac cpng su (2015), Ndembu Zip- porah Njoki (2015), John K.
Kinyua va cac cdng sy (2015), Jong Eun Lee (2015), Samukri (2015), Morteza Shokoohi va cac cgng sy (2015), Ali Abedalqader va eac cdng su (2015), John Kang'aru Kinyua (2016), Zainab Rezaie Gilandeh va cac cdng su (2016),Orhan Akisik va Grahm Gal (2017), Jun Chen va cac cgng su (2017), Janet Cheptoo Bett va
thuc hi?n de dat dugc muc tieu kiem dinh gia tri va dp tin cay eiia thang do cac khai niem trong md hinh nghien ciiu de xuat. De danh gia do tin cay ciia thang do, nghien ciru sir dung phan tich he sd tin cay Cronbach's Alpha. De danh gia gia tn ciia thang do, phan tich nhan td kham pha EFA se dugc sir dyng nham danh gia hai gia tri quan trgng ciia thang do gdm gia tri hpi tu va gia tri phan biet (Nguygn Dinh Thp, 2013). Thang do nay dugc danh gia thdng qua nghien ciiu dinh lupng so bd vdi mdt mau cd kich thudc n > 100. Kdt qua nghien ciru so bp cho ra mot mo hinh do ludng chinh thiic.
Hinh 1 : Md hinh nghien cu>u de xuat
MTKS
1 DGRR
1 HDKS
1
TT&T 1 OS
ira
K JE
I MT, I I MT, I I MT, I
ROA ROE
(Nguon: Nhom tdc gid tong hop va de xu&t)
torn sd thdng 10/2019
Nghien cilti trao doi
Nghien cuu chinh thuc: Dua vao md hinh do ludng c6 dugc tir ket qua nghien cuu so bd, bang khao sat chinh thirc da dugc giii den cac ddi tugng khao sat. Nghien ciru chinh thiic dugc diing dg khang dinh lai do tin cay, gia tri ciia thang do va md hinh do ludng cung nhu kigm dinh cac gia thiet nghien cihi. Ky thuat PLS_SEM dugc sir dung de xir ly dii lieu dinh lugng, Theo Hair va cdng su (2016) khi su dung PLS_SEM thi kich thudc mlu can gap 10 lan sd bien quan sat Idn nhat cua khai niem thang do hoac gap 10 lan sd dudng dan trong md hinh cau tnic. Trong nghien ciiu nay, cd 36 khai niem thang do nen cdng thiic dung dg xac djnh kich thudc mau tdi thieu la gap 10 lan sd bien quan sat. Do do, kich thudc tdi thieu can cho nghign cuu nay la 10
x 36 = 360 quan sat. Do ap dyng ky thuat phan tich dii I leu la PLS_SEM nen quy trinh nghien cim chinh thiic dugc thyc hien theo ggi y cua Hair va cdng sy (2016).n
Tdi lieu tham khdo
1 Angella Amudo and Eno LInanga (2009). Evaluation ofintemal Control Sys- tems: A Case Studyfi-om Uganda. Interna- tional Research Journal of Finance and Economics, Issue 27, Pp 125-144.
2. Ali Abedalqader, Al-Thuneibat Awad, Salamah Al-Rehaily, Yousef Abdul- lah Basodan (2015). The Impact of Inter- nal Control Requirements on profitability of Saudi Shareholding Companies, Inter- national Journal of Commerce and Man- agement, Vol.25, Iss2, Pp 1-37.
3 Chu Th} Thu Thuy (2016). Toclik KSNB chi phi san xuat vai vi$c ndng caa hieu qua tai chinh trong DN nhd vd vm VN, Luan dn TS, DH Kinh li Quoc Dan.
4. Committee of Sponsoring Organisa- tion (COSO) (2013). Internal Control-In- tergrated Framework Executive Summary
5. Dai Chunlan, Peng Quan and Huang Jiating (2010), Empirical Research on Correlation Between Internal Control and Enterprise Value, Proceedings of the Sth International Conference on Innova- tion & Management. Pp. 645 - 649.
6 Douglass. C.N. (1990), Institutions, institutional change and economic per- formance, Cambridge university press.
UK.
7. Dgng ThuyAnh (2017). Nghiencm KSNB trong cac DN xdy dimg mem yet tren thi truang chung khoan Vt^t Nam, Luan dn TS, DH Kinh te Qudc ddn.
(Tiep theo trang 10) phap nang cao chat lupng quan tri, dac biet la trong viec quan tn tai chinh. Cac giam ddc tai chinh, cac ke toan trudng nen cd ke hoach sii dung cac dich vu quan ly sd, chimg tir dien tic, thanh toan dien ni, loT, blockchain, bigdata, dg nang cao chat lupng boat ddng, tiet kiem chi phi. Mac dii nhigu DN cdn e ngai viec thanh toan dien tii do nhirng vin de lien quan tdi an ninh mang.
Tuy nhign, hien nay mot sd ngan hang da day manh dau Ur nang cap cac phan cdng nghe de giiip kgt ndi nhanh vdi khach hang va giam riii ro so vdi phuang thiie thanh toan truyen thdng. Kinh te sd la mdt xu thg toan cau cua thdi dai cdng nghe 4.0, la CO hdi va ciing la thach thiic ciia nen kinh tg Viet Nam trong giai doan mdi. Chinh vi vay, Chinh phu va Ngan hang Nha nude can nghign cim va ban hanh khung phap ly ve chuygn ddi sd rigng vdi ngan hang so, vi dien hi, cong thanh toan sd...
dg tao dieu kien cho cac DN tham gia manh me ban trong viec ung dung cdng nghe vao quan tri tai
chinh, hudng tdi chuan hda hoat ddng theo quy chuan qudc te.
Bay Id, Timg DN can xay dung va ban hanh he thdng kiem soat ndi bg, thigt lap va van hanh he thdng kiem toan ndi bd, hinh thanh co che quan tri nii ro. Trudc het, DN can tao lap mdi trudng kiem soat ndi bd hien hiru va cd hieu luc vdi nhiing quy che quan ly ngi bd, nhiing quy trinh nghiep vu, dam bao he thdng thdng tin ngi bp tin cay va thdng sudt. Thiet lap he thdng kiem toan ndi bd va dam bao tinh dgc lap tuong ddi cua boat ddng nay theo dung quy dinh ciia Luat DN, Luat Ke toan 2015. Tren co sd dd, tag lap mdt CO chg quan tri thdng nhat va xuygn sudt de kiem soat, giam sat hoat dgng DN mdt each chuyen nghiep, minh bach va hieu qua, gdp phan dam bao lgi ich cua cd ddng va su hai hoa vdi lgi ich ciia cac ben lien quan bao gdm cd ddng, khach hang, ngudi lao ddng va cdng ddng.
Vdi tat ca cac giai phap dd, hy vpng chat lugng va nang lyc quan tri DN se dugc nang cao,
nang lyc canh tranh ciia DN se dugc tang cudng. Dam bao su tuan thii, ap dung nhiing thdng le tdt nhit vg quan tri kinh doanh se gdp phan nang cao hieu qua kinh doanh cua DN, tang uy tin cua DN tren thi trudng.D
Tdi lieu tham khdo Bao cao thudng r}ien Ccic DN ni§m yit2018
Bo tieu ctiuan d^nit gi^, binh chgn DN CO nang lire quan tri tdt 2019
Danfi gia r}ang li/c /lo^f dgng DN 2019, Bao Di§n dan DN 25/9/2019
IFAC - Chuan mi/c bao tai chinii qudc te (iFRSj
KSt qua binh cliqn DN niem yit quan tri f6t 2019
OECD - Nguyen tic quan tri cong ty Qudc hoi: Lu$t DN 2014, Luat KS toan s6 88, 2015
Dao Dinh Thi, Nang cao nSng lifc quan tii cua cac DN niem ySt tai Vi^t Nam
Tap chi Tai chinh, 2/2015 Dang VSn Thanh, Doan Xuan Ti^n Ki toan quan tri, NXB T^i chinh, 2008.
Dang VSn Thanh: Quan frj c6ng ty:
Vu^ len sif tuan thu va thong 1$, Tap chi D§u tu- CK. 10/2019.
