KHOA HOC C 6 N 0 NOHt
BIEIV D! Dl TRUYliM v £ SIIVH TRUOIVG V A
C H A T L L T O I V G T H A M C A Y C U A K E O T A I TUOlVG
O iVII^IV B A C V I £ T IVAM
Doin Ngpc Dao', NguySn Diic Kidn^, H i Huy Thinh^
T6MTAT
Keo tai UKyng l i loii c i y r i t AIK^ ua chuOng cho trdng rimg b c i c tinh midn B i c v i B i c Trung bO dd s i n xu^t dam g6 phyc vy s i n xufit giiy v i x u i t khdu, d i n g thM cung c i p g6 l i m A6 mOc gia dyng. Dd thuc hi?n t h i n h c6ng ehuong trinh cii thidn girfng Keo tai tupng n h i m nSng cao nSnK su^t v i c h i t lugng rimg trong vide tim hi^u v^ bidn dt v i k h i n i n g di truydn cua c i c tinh trying quan trpng l i r i t c i n t h i d t Nghien cuu dupe ti^n h i n h trfin 1 k h i o nghi$m h&u Ihd tai Ba Yi, H i N()i voi 84 gia dinh thuOc 9 x u i t x u Keo tai tu<mg v i 1 k h i o nghidm d6ng v6 tinh gdm 90 dong tai Ctn Hai, Phii Thp. Kdt q u i d i n h g i i cac k h i o nghidm cho thiy c6 su sai k h i c r6 rdt vd sinh truong v i c i c chi tifiu c h i t ]u(/ng giua c i c x u i t xu, c i c gia dinh v i c i c d6ng v6 tinh trdn c i c k h i o nghidm. Didu n i y chiing t6 c6 bidn dj di truydn k h i I6n giua c i c x u i t xii, c i c gia dinh va cAc d6ng v6 tinh. N h u v$y c6 th^ c i i thidn c i c tinh trang sinh truong v i c h i t lugng Keo tai tugng thftng qua c i c bidn p h i p chgn Igc b c i c c i p d^ x u i t xii, gia dinh v i c i thd n h i m chgn ra giong t6t nh^t phyc vy cdng t i c t r i n g rimg. Hd s6 di truydn ciia c i c tinh trang sinh truong va c h i t lugng than cay Keo tai tugng b mirc dp trung binh (0,10 - 0.36) v6i hd s(S bidn d<)ng di tniydn k h i cao c h o thay co thd dat dugc t i n g thu di truydn th6a d i n g th6ng qua c i c bidn p h i p chgn gidng. Giua c i c chi tidu sinh truong va dg t h i n g t h i n c i y c6 tuong quan tuong ddi ch$t, cho thiy chpn Igc n h i m n i n g cao nang s u i t c u n g co th^ gop phan c i i thi^n hinh dang t h i n a Keo taj tugng.
Tukhia: Keo tai tuqng, xuit xii, gia dinh, biin df di truydn. hi sddi truydn.
L B A T V A N B ^
K e o tai t u p n g (Acacia mangium) la l o i i c i y t u y m o i d u p e d u a v i o n u o c t a d i u n h i i n g n S m 1980, s o n g d a n g d u p e t r d n g r a t p h 6 b i ^ n CT n h i d n n o i . K e o tai t u p n g CO t h i n c i y t h i n g d e p , rd c o n o t s i n c o k h a n a n g cai t a o d a t v a s i n h t r u d n g n h a n h h o n K e o t i t r i m . G 6 K e o tai tirpng c o ty t r p n g 0,45 - 0,50, b giai d o a n s a u 12 tuoi c 6 t h ^ d ? t 0,59 (Razah & M o h d , 1992). G o K e o tai t u p n g r a t d u p e u a c h u d n g l i m giay, s i n x u a t v i n n h a n t a o v i l a m d o m p c g i a d y n g CT nii6c ta. N h i n thiic d u p e t i m q u a n t r p n g ciia loai c i y n i y t r p n g t r o n g r i m g , n g a y tir n h i m g n a m 1990 c d n g t a c n g h i d n ciiu c a i t h i ^ n g i d n g K e o t a i t u p n g d i d u p e T r u n g t a m N g h i d n c u u G i d n g c i y r i m g tidn h i n h voi c i c k h a o n g h i d m x u i t x u d u g c x i y d u n g t r d n k h i p c a n u o c . f)i x i y d u n g e h u o n g t r i n h c i i t h i d n g i d n g K e o tai h r o n g m p t e a c h b a i b a n c 6 h i ^ u q u a n h i m d^it d u p e t i n g t h u d i t r u y d n t d i d a v a b ^ n v i i n g t h i n h i t t h i ^ t p h a i c 6 n h i m g h i ^ u b i ^ t c u t h ^ v ^ b i e n dj d i t r u y d n c u a c a c t i n h t r a n g c a n c a i t h i d n n h u s i n h
' Tong Cyc Lam nghidp
^ Trung tam Nghien cuu Giong cay rimg
t n r o n g , tinh c h a t g 6 . . . t i r d 6 d d r a c h i e n lupe cai thieti g i d n g h p p ly. D ^ d i n h g i i d u g c bidn d i d i truyen cua c i c c h i tidu s i n h t r u o n g c u a K e o tai t u p n g b midn B i c Vidt N a m , d a tidn h i n h d i n h g i i s i n h t r u o n g ctia c i c g i a d i n h , d o n g vd t i n h t r o n g c a c k h a o n g h i e m g i d n g d a x a y d u n g a m i ^ n B i c , tir d o x i c d i n h bien di v i c i c t h o n g s o d i t r u y d n n h i m m u c tidu c i i thien g i d n g l o i i c i y n i y 6 m i ^ n B i c n u o c t a .
L VAT UiU VA PHUONG PIUP NGMBI CUU 1. V i t lidu v i d i a d i & n n g h i d n c u u V i t Udu n g h i d n c u u b a o g o m 2 n h o m ddi tupng:
+ K h i o n g h i d m h i u t h e tai C a m Q u y , B a Vi, d u p e H i N p i x a y d i m g n i m 1997 g o m 8 5 g i a dinh h i u t h d t h u p h i n t u d o t h u O c 9 x u a t xii K e o tai tugng n g u y d n s i n tir P a p u a N e w G u i n e a v i bang Q u e e n s l a n d , A u s t r a h a .
+ K h i o n g h i d m d o n g v 6 t i n h tai C a u H a i , Doan H i i n g , P h i i T l i p d u p e x i y d i m g n i m 2003 g o m 9C d o n g v 6 t i n h . C i c d o n g vd t i n h n a y d u p e c h p n loc ti 5 0 g i a d m h c 6 s i n h t r u o n g t d t n h i t t r o n g v u 6 n gidng t h g h ^ 1 tai C h o n T h i n h , B i n h P h i r o c .
82 N 6 N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KV 1 - THANG 6/201;
KHOA HOC C O N G HGHt
Cac thi nghidm dirpc thi^t k^ theo kh6i ngSu ihien khSng day du theo hang v^ cpt (Williams v^
latheson, 1994) v6i 8 iSn lap lai vi 2-3 cay/6. Khao ighitm t?i Ba Vi dupe tia thua 2 iin, llin 1 tiin hanh ijm 1999 d^ lai 1 cSy/o di chuyen thinh vuon gidng ling cap hat, tia thua I4n 2 nam 2002 loai b6 40* so :ay CO sinh tnrong k6m. Chi tiit vi diiu kien l$p dia la thiet ki thi nghijm dugc t h i hiin trin bang 1.
v.;
'-Hfh'^^^-
tr'lr
(7f + (7_,+CT.
Hi sd di truyin theo nghia rpng duijc tinh theo congfhfc
f *' = ^ = -
<'', +<^1+ ",
Ttong do: cr\ 14 phuong sai iQy tich; a\ 14 Pkuong sai cia dong v6 tinh;<T^ 14 phuong sai kiiu
hinh; a] 14 phuong sal gia dinh; a], 14 phuong sai ciia 6 trong Ijp; a] 14 phuong sai ngau nhiSn.
BJng 1. DJc diim diiu Win l$p dia v4 thiit k i
a Phuong phip thu thip sSU^u
Tiin hanh do dim to4n b i cic cay trong khao nghi&m. C4c chi tiiu sinh truong nhu du6ng kinh ngang ague (Djs) va chiiu cao vut ngpn (Hvn) dupe tien h ^ theo phuong ph4p diiu b-a rimg thong tliuong. Cac sd liiu v i cheit luting nhu d i thSng than cay ffXrO, do nho c4nh ff)NC) dupe x4c djnh bang phuong phap cho diim tir 1 t i i 5 ciia Li Dinh Kh4 v4 Duong Mpng Himg (1998), theo dd diim 1 14 kim nhatvadiimSlatdtnhSt
Tlii tich than c4y V dupe tinh to4n theo cdng thuc nhu sau:
4
Trong do: Dij l i duong kinh ngang nguc; H l i chik cao viit ngpn va f la hinh sd (gia dinh . ^ 0 , ^ . Tli^ tich ciia timg cong thiic l i gii tri trung binh cua tS ca cac ci thd trong dong do trdn toin khu khio nghidm. Xu ly thdng kd dupe thuc hidn trdn phin mtei thdng kd ehuydn dung Genstat 7.0 theo phirong phap ciia Williams v i Matheson (1994).
Hfi sd di truydn theo nghia hep dupe tinh theo efing thiic:
thin Kinhdg VTdO D g c a o Nhidt dg binh quSn nam C O Nhidt do trung binh ngay ndng nhit CO Nhidt do trung binh ng^y l^nh nh^t C O Lugng mua (mm) Miiamua Dang d i t
Do sau t i n g dat Sd lugng c6ng thuc thi nghiem Tliidt ke thi nghidm
ghidm cic khio nj;
BaVi 105,34 21.15 40 23,1 32,9
13,1
1700 4 - 1 0 D^t feralit dd vang phat tridn trdn da macma axit, pH = 4,0 - 4,5.
50 cm 85 gia dinh tu 9 x u i t xii nguydn san Khdi ngiu nhidn khong d i y dCi, 8 lan lap, 3 cSy/e, khoang each trong 4 m X 1,5 m
^dm
Ciu Hai 105.20 21,53 120 23.0 33.1
13,4
1800 4rlO D^t feralit do vang phat trien tren d4 phidn th^ch set, pH = 5,0-5,5
>lm 90 ddng v6 tinh
Khdi ngau nhifin khSng d^y du, 8 lan l|ip, 2 cay/6, khoang each t r d n K 4 m x 2 , 5 m
•.KErauAviiiiAouwii
1. Biin dj v i sinh truing v4 chit lupng than ciy giiia c4c xuit xu trong khio nghiim hju t h i tai C i n Quy(BaVi-H4'niy)
Qua k i t qua a bang 2 cho thay sau 11 nam tring cd su phan hoa rO r$t v i sinh trudng v i dudng kinh, chiiu cao va the tich than cay giua cac xuat xu. Cu thi sinh trudng dudng kinh biin ddng tir 17,9 cm din 22,5 cm, chieu cao bien ddng tir 13,3 m din 14,8 m, t h i tich than biin ddng tit 179,8 dm= den 276,0 dm'.
Xuat xir Oriomo (PNG) v4 Gubam (PNG) 14 nhiing xuat xii cd sinh truong tdt nhSt vdi t h i tich than cay tuong ling 14 273,7-276,0 dmVciy. Diing thii ba 14 xuit xir Wipim (PNG) cd t h i tich than cay la 256,1 dm'. Trong khi xuat xii sinh truong kem nhat 14 Deri- Deri (PNG) t h i Uch chi dat 179,8 dm'. Trong vudn
N6NG NGHIfP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG T H 6 N - Kt 1 - THANG 6/2012
KHOA Hpc C 6 M C NOHj
gidng cd 5 xuit xii sinh trudng Idn hon miic sinh Dinh Kh4 v4 cOng sv nam 2003, c4c xuit xii PNG' trudng trung binh ciia vudn gidng Ihi cd 4 xuit xii tu thudng cd sinh tnidng khi hon cic xuit xii dupe Hy'.
PNG. Diiu n4y cung phii hpp vdi nghiin cilu cia Li tir nod khic. - Bing 2. Sinh Inldng ciia c4c xuit xit Keo tai lirpng t^ vudn gidng Cim Qu» (Ba VI - H4 Ndi) sau 11 nam tudi ^
Xip hang 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ldh?t 16999 16991 16971 19214 16992 18994 19286 16938 16990
Xuit xii Oriomo, PNG Gubam, PNG Wipim, PNG Claudie R, Qld Bimadebun, PNG Claudie R. Qld CardwellS.O.Qld Kini, PNG Deri-Deri. PNG TBVG
F Pr
D,,j (cm) 22,5 21,7 20,8 20,2 19,7 20,0 19,7 19,5 17,9 20,2
<0,001
Hvn (m) 14,0 14,0 14,8 14,3 14.2 13,8 13,3 13,8 13,9 14,1
<0,001 V(dm')
276,0 273,7 267,6 256,1 246,3 240,1 217,0 215,9 179,8 243,1 0,003
DTT (1-5) 3,41 2,91 3,00 3,03 2,89 3.00 3,06 3,06 3,03 3,04 0,16
DO day vd (mm)
0,83 0,81 0,84 0,80 0,83 0,86 0,80 0,77 0,86 0,82 0,03
Tir so lidu b bing 2 cho thiy sau 11 nim chi tidu
do thing thin vi dO diy v6 khOng c6 si; phin h6a rO rdt giiia cic xuit xu. Ding chii y li cic xuit xOt c6 chi tidu sinh truong cao thi d6ng th6i c6 cic chi tidu chit lupng thin ciy tdt Diing dau vin li xuit xii Oriomo (PNG), ti^p theo li xuit xu Kini (PNG) vi 16 h^t tir vudn gidng Cardwell. Chi sd dO thing thin dao d6ng tir 2,89 d^n 3,41 di^m, chi tidu dp diy v6 dao dpng tir 0,77 d^n 0,86 mm. Nhin chung d6 vupt ciia hai chi tidu niy giiia xuit xii tdt nhit so v6i gii tri trung binh viron gidng li khong 16n, cu th^ la vupt 1,12 lin v^ dp thing thin vi 1,04 lin vd dd diy v6.
2. Bi^n dj v^ sinh tru6ng giiia cic gia dinh trong khio n^^rn hiu th^
Sd li^u thu thip b vir6n gidng Ba T\ (bang 3) cho thiy b giai doan 11 tudi giiia cic gia dmh c6 svr phin hda rO r^t vdi F.pr tinh d^u <0.001; 10 gia dinh tdt nhit dirpc chpn c6 th^ tich thin ciy tning binh
355,59 dmVciy, vupt 1,5 lin so vdi tii sd trung binh ctia vudn gidng (243,08 dmVciy) vi vupt 2,3 lin so vdi trj sd trung binh cua 10 gia dinh cd sinh tnidng kdm nhit (154,54 dmVciy).
Qua kdt qua d bang 3 cQng thiy trong sd 10 gia dinh c6 sinh tnrdng tdt nhat vd thd tich than ciy tai vudn gidng Cim Quy - Ba Vi thi cd 5 gia dinh thupc xuit xii PNG va 5 gia dinh thuOc cac xuat xii lay tir Qld. Tuong tu trong 10 gia dinh cd sinh tnrdng kem nhit thi cd 7 gia dinh thu$c cic xuit xii tir Qld vi 3 gia dinh thudc cic xuit xOr PNG. Kdt qua niy chi ra ring ndu dinh gii chung giiia cac xuit xti &i cac xuit xii tir PNG c6 sinh trudng khi hon cic xuat xii khic, nhung dinh gii b miic d0 gia dinh thi cic xuit xii ddu cd ty Id cic gia dinh cd sinh tnidng tdt, xau nhu nhau. Vi viy, chpn gidng d miic dp gia dinh li hdt sue cin thidt
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Gia dinh 132 62 89 169 161 15 103 93 250
Xuit xii Claudie R-Qld Wipim- PNG Gubam-PNG Claudie R-Qld Claudie R-Qld Kini-PNG Bimadebun- PNG Gubam-PNG Claudie R-Qld
5 tudi D,.3 (cm)
10,9 12,0 12,6 11,4 11,2 12,9 11,6 10,3 11,8
Hvn (m) 10,1 11,2 11,6 10,5 10,1 12,2 10,8 10,2 11,1
V(dm') 51,43 68,96 77,91 58,97 53,07 81,99 66,59 50,22 64,96
11 tudi D,,3 (cm)
26,2 24,0 24,1 22,7 23,8 23,5 22,4 22,4 20,5
Hvn (m) 16,1 16,7 15,3 15,3 13,9 15,6 14,3 15.9 15.7
V(dm') 426,7 407,1 371,5 348,8 342,1 338,9 336,1 332,2 330,1
84 NONG NGHIfP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG T H 6 N - KV 1 - THANG 6/2012
ho
75 ,76 r'77 '78 '79 80 81 82 83 84
165 172 200 179 141 190 173 27 21 22 133 TBvui
Claudie R- Qld Claudie R-Qld CardwellS.O - Qld CardwellS.O - Qld Claudie R-Qld CardwellSO- Qld Claudie R-Qld Kini-PNG Kini-PNG Kini-PNG Claudie R-Qld m gidng F.pr
KHOA HQC C 6 N G N C H |
11,9 10,8 11,4 11,0 10,9 10,0 10,7 10,5 10,5 10,5 10,3 11,1 0,504
11,1 10,2 11,0 10,1 10,5 9,5 11,0 10,0 9,8 9,9 9,3 10,5 0,306
63,44 48.24 58,94 49,73 50,15 39,91 52,08 46,03 44,52 43,76 39,2 54,48 0,124
22,3 18,7 18.4 18,5 17,6 17,6 16,9 16,8 17,2 16.1 15,6 20,1
<,001 15,8 12,6 12,0 12.3 12,5 13,1 14,0 11,9 12,5 10,6 11.9 14.0
<.001 322,4 173,7 170,1 169,3 167,1 160,2 159,7 147,3 143,4 131,1 123,5 243,08
<,001 3. Bidn dj vd sinh tnrdng ciia cic ddng v6 tinh
Bing 4. Sinh tnidng v i chi tidu chit lupng cic ddng v6 tinh tai CJu Hai (5 tudi)
Dong E 88
* 67 . 107 r 119 69 29 19 40 ^ 172 83 . 80
37 -, 101
1 :: loo
• 169 26 53 168 27 JVmigbinh _ Fpr
D...
(cm) 16,2 13.7 13.9 13,3 13.6 13.3 13.4 12,8 13,4 13.0 8,8 9.0 8,7 9.1 8,3 8,3 8,8 7,6 7,4 7,3 11.1
<0.001 Hvn (m) 14,5 13.8 13.1 13.7 13,0 13,5 13.1 13.9 12,5 13,3 10,8 10.5 9.9 10,1 10.9 10,7 9,8 9,3 9.0 9,1 11,7
<0,001 V (dm') 150,1 103.0 99.2 96.7 96.3 95,4 93,8 91,4 91.1 90.4 36,0 35,8 34.9 33.8 31.5 31,4 30,6 22,4 20,4 19,6 62,3
<0.001 DTT (1-5) 4,0 3,7 3,9 3.3 3.3 4,0 3,3 4,0 3.0 3.3 3,3 3,0 3.3 2.7 3.8 3,0 3,2 3,1 2,9 3,0 3,3
<0.001 DNG (1-5) 3,0 2.5 2.3 2.1 2,1 3.0 3.0 3.0 2,0 2,3 2,9 3.0 2,8 1.8 2,7 2,1 2,2 2,3 1,8 2.3 2,3
<0,001
— , h g i 4 k h a o n g h i i m d d n g vd t i n h K e o lai tong d C i u Hai a giai d o a n 5 t u d i c h o t h i y cd s u 'ai khac rd r i t v i s i n h t n i d n g giiia c i c d d n g vd t i n h 'J tat ca cac chi tiiu sinh truong va chit lupng thin Sy. Cac ding cd sinh trudng the tich tdt nhat la 88, 1". 67, 69, 119, 29, 19, 40, 172 v4 83. Gia tri trung 'inh ciia 10 ddng tdt nhit cd Ihi tich than cSy dat 100,7 dm', vuot 1,7 lan trung binh cua to4n khao
nghiim va vui?t 3,4 lan gia tri trung binh cda 10 ddng kim nhit. Theo bdo cdo tong kit vi tinh hinh chon gidng giai doan 2001 - 2005 cua Tnmg tam Nghiin ciru Gidng cay rung (H4 Huy Thinh va cong su.
2006) cho thiy d giai doan 3 tudi 10 dong vd tinh tdt nhat trong khu khao nghiem tai Ciu Hai la cac ddng 5, 69, 102, 107, 77, 113, 9, 42, 171 va 85; nhung din giai doan 5 tudi chi cdn 2 ddng la ddng 107 va 69,14 nhung ddng nam trong nhdm 10 ddng sinh trudng tdt nhlL Nhu vay, viec chpn loc vi sinh trudng ddng vd tinh cin a nhung tudi cao hon. Cac ddng cd sinh trudng tdt ddng thdi cd cac chi tieu chat luong d miic kha, dac biit 14 vi do thing than v4 phat trien ngpn.
4. H i sd di truyin cua c4c tinh ti?ng a. Hi so di truyen theo nghia hep trong khao nghiem hiu th^
Kit qua d bang 5 cho thay d giai do^n 1 din 2 nam tudi chieu cao cd he sd di truyen (h2 - 0,18 - 0,20) cao hon so vdi dudng kinh va the tich than cay (h2 - 0,12 - 0,16). 6 giai doan 3 din 5 nSm tudi, h6 sd di truyin cua chiiu cao van duy tri on dinh nhu giai doan 1-2 nam tudi a miic 0,15 - 0,21, nguoc lai dudng kinh va thi tich flian cay tang len kh4 cao so vdi tudi 1-2 d miic 0,30 - 0,33 cho dudng kinh v4 0,25 - 0,26 cho ttii tich. H i sd di truyin cua dudng kinh giam xudng cdn 0,12 d tudi 9 va 11 vdi sai sd udc doan Idn hrong duong vdi gii tri h i sd di miyin (Bang 5). Ngu<rc lai vdi h i sd di huyen, h i sd bien dpng di truyin luy tich cd xu hudng on dinh d tit ca cac tudi, cu the til 6,0 den 10,0% vdi dudng kinh, 6,5 din 7,591 vdi chiiu cao v4 19,3 din 24,0% vdi the tich th4n cay. H i sd di truyin cua dp thing than d tudi 9 14 0,16 vdi sai sd kha Idn v4 h i sd bien ddng di Irayen luy tich la 6,7%.
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN N O N G T H 6 N - K t 1 - THANG 6/2012
85
KHOA Hpc C 6 H O wewji
B4ng 5. Hi sd biin ddng di truyin lay lich (CV,0, hi sd di truyin (h^ clla c4c chi tiiu sinh trudng vudn gidng
Tudi 1 2 3 5 9 11 TB
D h^
0,16 0,12 0,33 0,30 0,12 0,12 0,19
CV„ (%) 10,07
8,05 6,95 7,80 6,03 6,12 7,50
H h' 0,20 0,18 0,15 0,21
0,18
CV.(%) 6,49 6.46 6.61 7,58
6,80
V h ' 0,16 0,14 0,26 0,25
0,20
CV»(?6) 24,0 19,8 19,4 19,3
20,62
Dtt h^
0,16 0,16
CV.(Sl)
6,73 6,73 b. Ni sd di truydn theo nghia r^ng trong khio
nghidm ddng vd tinh
Kdt qui t^i bing 6 cho thiy, h^ sd bidn ddng di tiiiydn luy tich (CVg) bidn ddng tii 4,8% tdi 25,2% cho cic tinh tr^ng sinh tnrdng. Hd sd di truydn theo nghia rdng cua cic tinh trang sinh tnidng vi dd thing thin d muc trung binh (bidn dpng tii 0,09 - 0,36). Ket qui niy cung hoin toin trung l§p vdi kdt luan cua Cornelius (1994) khi tinh toin hd '^o di tniydn dua trdn sd lidu tdng hpp ciia nhidu loai ciy da nghidn ciiu.
Bing 6. Hd sd di truydn theo nghia rOng cua cic tinh trang sinh trudng vi chit lupng thin ciy tju Ciu Hai
Tudi
3 5 3 5 3 5 5 3 5
Tinh trang
Chieu cao Chiiu cao Dudng kinh Duong kinh D$ thing than DO thing than Dp nhd canh The tich Thi tich
Don
VI
tinh m m cm cm diim diim diim dm' dm'
Trung binh 8,00 11,86 8,13 11,88 3,36 3,20 2,49 22,50 72,59
ff
0,13 0,38 0,09 0,34 0,13 0,22 0,13 0,09 0,36
cv„
(%)
4,8 8,0 6,1 11,7 7,0 7,1 10,8 10,7 25,2
5. Tuong quan glQa cic tinh tr^ng Bing 7. Tliong quan kidu hinh glOa cic tuih tr^ng trong khao nghidm ddng vd tinh Keo tai tupng t^i
Ciu Hai (5 taidi)
Dl,3 Hvn DTT DNC
D„
0,89***
0,98***
0,43**
0,14"
Hvn 0,91***
0,59**
0,29"' V
0,52**
0,21"
DTT
0,62**
ns: khdng cd y nghia;
'': mticynghia <0,01
': mdc y nghia <0,001;
Kdt qui phin tich tuong quan kidu hinh giiia cic : tinh trgng trdn khio nghidm ddng vd tinh tai Cau Hai d giai do^n 5 tudi cho thiy cic chi tidu sinh tnidng cd tuong quan rit ch^t vdi nhau. Nhu viy cd thd chi cin i sir dung 1 chi tidu sinh trudng dd do ddm mdt cich , chinh xic li D,^ dd dinh gii smh trudng mi vin dam bio dd chinh xic cao cho cic chi tidu khic nhu chidu cao vi thd tich. Cic chi tidu sinh tnidng cd tuong quan ch$t vdi dO thing thin, nhu viy thdng qua cai thidn vd sinh trudng cd thd ddng thdi cai thidn dp thing thin ciy. Trong khi dd chi tidu dp nhd cinh co tuong quan thip vi khdng cd y nghia vdi smh trudng.
Tuy nhidn, giua dp nhd cinh I^ cd quan hd chat vdi dd thing thin ndn cai thidn dp thing thin, cd thd qua dd cai thidn dupe vd dp nhd cinh b Keo tai tupng.
nr.KfTUMN Vii KHUYEN NGHI
1. Cd si; sai khic r6 rdt vd sinh trudng vi cic chi . tieu chit lupng giiia cic xuit xii, cic gia dinh vi cic . ddng vd tinh tr^n cic khao nghidm. Didu nay chiing ^ td cd bidn dj di truydn khi Idn giiia cic xuat xii, cic \ gia dinh vi cic ddng vd tinh. Nhu viy cd thd cai thidn i cic tinh trgng sinh tnidng va chat lupng Keo tai ' tirpng thdng qua cic bidn p h ^ chpn loc d cac cip dp ' xuit xii, gia dinh va ci thd nhim chpn ra gidng tdt '
nhit phuc vi^ cdng tic trdng rimg. ' 2. Hd so di truydn ctia cic tinh trang sinh trudng
va chit lupng thin ciy Keo tai tupng d miic dp tinjng binh (0,12 - 0,33) vdi hd so bidn ddng di tiiiydn kha cao cho thiy cd thd dat dupe ting thu di tinydn tiida ding thdng qua cic bidn phip chon gidng.
3. Giua cic chi tidu sinh tnrdng va do thing thin ciy cd tuong quan tuong ddi ch$t cho tiiay chpn Ipc nhim ning cao ning suit cOng cd thd gdp phan cai thidn hinh dang thin d Keo tai tupng.
4. Thdng qua cic nghidn ciiu d trdn da chpn loc dupe mot sd gia dinh vi dong v6 tinh cd sinh tnidng
86
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT T R I I N N O N G T H 6 N - KV 1 - THANG 6/2012KHOA HOC C 6 N G NGHt
nhanh, hinh dang thdn dep cd t h i phdt triin v4o san Slat thdng qua phuong thiic lam nghiip ddng vd linh theo gia dinh (CFF) hoac chon loc cac c4 Ihi hoac dong v6 linh cd sinh tnrdng nhanh va hinh dang than dep de xiy dung cic vudn gidng vd tinh d i cung cap hat gidng cd ch4t lupng di truyin dupe cai thiin cho san xuat
THlfllllUMKHAO
1. Doran, J. C , TumbuU, J. W., Martensz, P. N., Thomson, L. A. J., and Hall, N., 1997. Intrpduction to the species digests. Australian Trees and Shrubs:
species for land rehabilitation and farm planting in the trapics. Ed. J. C. Doran and J. W. TumbuU.
ACIARmonpgraph. N.24, p. 89 - 344.
2. Ha Huy Thinh v4 cdng su, 2006. Bap c4p long ket di t4i "Chpn tap gidng cd nang su^t v4 Aik lupng cap cho mdt sd lp4i cdy trdng rimg chu yh" giai dpan 2001-2005. Viin Khoa hpc L4m nghiep Viet Nam.
3. Ha Huy Thinh va cdng su, 2010. Bao c4o tdng kit d i tai "Chpn tao gidng cd nSng suat va chat lupng cao cho mdt sd lo4i cay trdng rung chii yiu" giai doan 2006 - 2010. Vi0n Khoa hpc Lam nghiip Via Nam.
4. Li Dinh Kha v4 cdng su, 2003. Nghiin ciiu chpn tap gidng va nhan gidng cho mdt sd lp4i cay trdng rimg chu yiu d Vi{t Nam. Nh4 xuat ban Ndng nghiip, H4 Noi, 292 trang.
5. Razali, A. K. and Mohd, S. H., 1992.
Prpcessing and utilization of acacia focussing on Acacia mangium. Tropical Acacias in East Asia and the Pacific. Ed. by Kamis Awang and D. A Taylor.
Proceedings of first meeting of the consultative group for research and development of Acacia in Thailand, p. 86-91.
6. Williams, E. R., Matheson, A. C. and Harwood, C. E. 2002., Experunental design and analysis fpr use in tree imprpvement. CSIRO publication, 174 pp.
ISBN: 0643 06259.
GENETIC VARIATION OF GROWTH AND STEM FORM IN ACACIA MANGIUM IN NORTHERN VIETNAM
Doan Ngoc Dao, Nguyen Due Kien, Ha Huy Thinh Sununary
Acacia mangium is favored for commercial planting in Northeni and North-central Vietnam to produce wood chip for pulp production and wood chip export also timber for furniture industry. In order to implement a successful genetic improvement program of A mangium in Vietnam, it is necessary to 1" underetand genetic variation of economically important traits in this species in Vietnam. This study was conducted in a progeny trial at Ba Vi, Ha Noi which included 84 famihes from 9 natural provenances and a clonal nlal included 90 clones at Cau Hai, Phu Tho province. Results of the study showed significant diferences between provenances, famihes and clones tested. This suggested considerable genetic varialion between provenances, families and clones. Therefore, genetic improvement can be achieved through selections in provenance, family and individual levels. Growth and stem form traits had intermediate heritabihties (0.10 - 0.36) relatively high coefficient of genetic variation. This suggested a remarkable genetic gain can be achieved through breeding and clonal deployment activities. Sti-ong .'•; plienotypic correlation between growth ti^uts and stem sti-aightiiess indicated selection for increased
^ productivity will also improve stem form in A mangium.
^ ; Keys word: Acacia mangium, provenance, £uiiily, genebc variation, heritabilibes.
, J Ngudi phSn biin: PCS. TS. Ph?m Diic Tuin Ngiy nh4nb4i: 10/3/2012
Ngiy Ihdng qua phan biin: 16/4/2012 1 NgSyduyit dang: 7/5/2012
NSNG NGHIfP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - Kt 1 - THANG 6/2012 87
