KHOA HPC CdNGNGHl
IMGHlElV CLIU BlClV P H A P OUAIV L V xdlVE HQP IVIOI HAI RIJIXIG TROIXIG BACH DAIV URO, KEO LAI V A KE ^ TAI
TUOIXIG TAI CAC VLIIVG TRQIVG Oie'lM CLIA VI^T IVAIVI
Nguyfin Thj Bich Ngpc', Bid TTij Tliiiyi T6MTAT
Rimg trdng bgch d i n , keo 6 tuiSi 1 r^t d* bj m6i gSy hai. C i c bi$n phAp lam sinh v^ sir d y n g ch^ p h i m sinh hpc tir vi n ^ Metarhizium tr^n vbi Aii xung quanh g6c cfty da c6 t i c dyng giAm tJ- H cSy con b^ch d i n , keo bl h^i tir 22,2%. 21,5% (d6i chiJng) xudng 11,8% -18.8%. Bi^n p h i p xtr Iy b a n g thudc h i a hpc Termidor 25EC, Lenfos 50EC, Lentrek 40EC, Mapsedan 48 EC. PMC 90 c6 hi$u li;c ph6ng trir mdi c a o hon hdn.
Dung djch thudc Termidor 25EC. Lenfos 50EC ndng dO 0,2% - 0,396 Aim bko 95 - 100% cSy con k h d n g h\
mdi g4y hgi. M6 hinh iing dyng bi^n phap q u i n ly tdng hgp mdi h^i rimg trdng b^ch d i n vk k e o dupc x i y dyng t?i 03 vung sinh thii: D6ng B i c . T i y B i c vk Tay Nguyftn. Kdt q u i sau 03 thang theo dOi c h o th^y, ty 1§ cay con bj mdi gay hgi t^i cdc md hinh dfiu < 5%. P h i n lich mSu d^t va nutk: t^i md hinh sau thoi gian x u ly 30,60,180 ngiy cho thiiy du luting ciia thudc Termidor 25EC, Lenfos 50EC nam trong gidi hgn c h o p h i p ciia B^ Y td, FAO v i WHO. Kdt qua nghi&n ciiu bi^n p h i p q u i n ly tdng h^Fp mdi h?i rimg trdng bgch dAn.
keo 6km hko dupc hi^u quk ky thu$t va an toan vbi mdi trudng.
Tii khda: B^ch din uro, keo iai, ning trdng, quin iy tdng hqp mdi, Metarhizium.
(y nubc ta, tnr6c day mdi :6 mOt s6 cdng trinh nghien cihi nho 16 v^ bi^n phdp ph6ng trir mdi hai rimg trdng b^ch d ^ , keo bang cAch sti dung cac loai thudc hda hQC c6 dO dpc cao, hi$n da b) c ^ su dyng. Nguyfin Thj Bich Ngpc va Bin Thj Thuy (2012) da xkc dinh dupc 26 lodi mdi b rung trong b^di dan va keo t ^ 03 vimg Ddng Bic, TSy Bac, Tay Nguyfin va xkc dinh 03 lo£ii hai chinh la Microtermes pakistanicus, Macrotermes bameyivk Macrotern^s annandaiei. Nghifin c u u b i ^ n p h ^ q u a n ly t o n g hpp m d i h ^ i n i n g t r d n g b g c h d a n . k e o , n h i m g o p phdn n a n g c a o h i ^ u quA c d n g t a c t r d n g r i m g , a n toan voi m d i t r u d n g va c p n g d d n g \k rii c ^ t h i ^ t
I . PHUONG PHAP NGHiN CUU 1. D i a d i & n , v ^ t li^u n g h i a n c u u a. Dia didm nghiin dm
Rimg trdng b^ch dan uro va keo lai d 03 viing sinh thai Ddng Bdc. TSy Bac v i Tay Nguyfin.
+ Vimg Ddng Bac: Rimg trdng b^ich dan uro va keo lai ciia Cdng ty Lam nghidp Ddng Bdc, h u y ^ Bd H?, Bdc Giang vd Cdng ty Ldm nghidp Xuan Dai, huy^n Thanh Son. Phii Thp.
+ Vimg Tdy Bdc: Rung trdng b^ich ddn uro vd keo lai ciia Tr?u San xu^t Gidng Binh Thanh, Cdng ty Gidng Cdy trdng Hoa Binh, huy$n Cao Phong va Ldm tnidng Tdn Lac, huyfin Tdn Lac, Hda Binh.
+ Vimg Tdy Nguyfin: Rimg trdng b^ch dan uro
\ vd keo lai ciia Trung tdm Ldm nghidp Nhi^t ddi thuOc Vi?n Khoa hpc Lam nghidp Vi^t Nam
76 N 6 N G NGHlfP VA PHAT TRI^N N 6 N G T H 6 N - K t 1 - THANG 11 /2012 L BAT VAN B^
Di0n tich r i m g t r d n g c u a n u d c t a tinh d d n n a m 2010 c d 3,08 tri^u h a , t r o n g d d difin tich r i m g s d n x u d t c h i d m ty lfi 73,8%. Cdc tdp d o d n cdy g i d n g c 6 ddc tinh m p c n h a n h c h o n d n g s u d t vd c h a t l u p n g c a o d a d u p c tuyfin c h p n p h u c v u p h d t trifin r i m g t r d n g n h d m c u n g c a p nguyfin li^u c h o s a n x u d t h d n g h d a . B a c h d d n {Eucalyptus spp) v a k e o {Acacia spp.) Id cdc loai cdy trong rimg chii lire d Vi^t Nam. Trong qud trinh trdng rimg tap trung, bach ddn vd keo hi nhifiu loai cdn trimg gay hai. Mdi Id ddi bipng cd thfi gay chfit hdng loat cdy con, thdm chi cd cdy trudng thanh khoe ciia rimg trdng bach dan vd keo.
Trfin thfi gidi da cd mdt sd cdng trinh nghifin ciru dira ra bifin p h ^ phdng trir mdi h?i rimg trdng bach dan, keo (Atkinson (1998) Hdnel (1982)).
Bi^n phdp quan ly tdng hpp mdt sd l o ^ sdu bfinh chu yfiu hai cdy ndng nghifip, ldm nghifip dd dupc nghifin ciiu nhifiu. Tuy nhifin, mdi Id cdn trimg xd hOi nfin bifin phdp ndy cung cd nhtmg difim khdc vdi cdn trimg don le.
Su (1998) Id ngudi ddu tifin dfi xu^t bifin phdp quan ly tdng hpp mdi Coptotermes formosanus h ^ cdng trinh kifin tnic bdng cdeh ddt cdc trgm mdi nhii giam sat boat ddng a i a mdi. Ddi vdi mdi gdy hgi cdy rimg trdng, do su da dang vfi tiidnh phdn lodi nfin d$c difim gdy hai cua chiing rdt khdc nhau.
KHOA HOC CdNG NGHt thanh phd Pleiku, Gia Lai vd nhd ddn, xd lakhuol,
huy$n Chu Pdh, Gia Lai.
b. Vit liiu nghiin aiu
+ Chfi phdra sinh hpc: DIMEZ, Metavina 10 DP, Metavina90DP.
+Ihudc hda hpc: Termidor 25EC, Lenfos 50EC, Lentrek 40EC, Mapsedan 48 EC, PMC- 90.
2 . Phuong phdp nghifin ciJru
a. Thu nghiim cic bi^n phip ky thuit phdng trir moi hai rung trdng bach din uro, keo lai vi xiy di/ng mo hinh quin 1^ tdng hc^ mdi
Tai hifin trudng trdng rimg bach ddn uro vd keo lai, bd tri cdc d thi nghifim difin tich 100 m^, cd trdng 16 cdy bach dan hodc keo. Mdi d thi nghifim tdc ddng ridng le timg bifin phdp phdng trii mdi. Cdc cdng thiic thi nghifim ldp tai 3 ldn.
- Bien phap lam smh: thu dpn thyc bi, cdnh Id, gdc rfi cdy. Trdng cay khde, chdm sdc, tia cdnh dam bao ky thudt
- Bifin phdp sinh hpc: Trdn chfi phdm sinh hpc DMEZ, Metavina 10 DP, Metavma 90 DP vdo dat trong hd trdng cdy, lifiu lupng 25 gam/gdc cdy.
- Bifin phdp hda hoc; Su dung thudc hod hpc:
Termidor 25EC, Lenfos 50EC, Lentrek 40EC vdi 3 cjip ndng dp 0,1%, 0,2%, 0,3%; thudc Mapsedan 48 SC nong dp 0,3%, tudi true tifip vao gdc cdy mdi trdng vdi lifiu lupng 1 lit dung dich thudc/gdc, difin tich bao quanh gdc cdy, dudng kinh khoang 30-35 cm. Thudc PMC 90 CT dang bdt, trdn thudc vdo dat trong hd trdng cay vdi lifiu lupng 50 g/gdc cdy.
- Xdy dung md hinh: Tii kfit qua ddnh gid hifiu lire phong trii mdi gdy hai rimg trdng cua cdc bifin phap ky thudt, lira chpn cdng thiic thi nghifim cd hifiu Itrc tdt de ap dung xdy dung md hinh. Mdi md hinh CO difin tich 01 ha/loai cdy/ vimg sinh thai.
Phuongphip thu thip vixdly sdliiu Kifim tra hifin trang mdi t ^ thuc dia trudc vd sau khi xu ly, Tinh ty lfi cdy bi mdi gdy hai cua d thi nghifim vd d ddi chiing sau 6 thdng tdc dpng. Xu ly sd lifiu tifin p h ^ mfim Microsoft excell 2003.
b. Nghiin cihi dinh gii tic dong cua bi$n phip guinly tdng hop mdi vdi moi trudng iiguon nuoc, ddtrmg
Phan tich xde dinh du lupng thudc phdng tru mdi tiong mdu ddt vd mdu nudc tai md hinh sau thdi
gian tdc dpng 30, 60,180 ngdy. Ddi ehifiu vdi cdc quy dinh hifin hdnh vfi du lupng thudc cho phfip.
- Phuang phdp ldy mdu ddt theo QCVN 15:
2008/BTNMT.
- Phuong phdp ldy mdu nudc tfieo TCVN 5994-1995.
* Phuong phdp phdn tich: Mdu dupc phdn tich tai Cyc Bdo vfi Thyc vdt vdi cdc phuong phdp thu nghifim: PTN 14 - DLF, PTN 20 - DLE, PTN 51 - DLE.
• . K ^ QUA NGHiN CUU VA THAO U I A N
1. Hifiu qud cua cdc bifin phdp ky thudt phdng trir mdi b riing trdng bgch ddn uro vd keo Iai b mOt sd vimg sinh thdi cua Vifit Nam ndm 2010
Kfit qud phdng mdi hai bach dan uro vd keo lai bang bifin phdp lam sinh, sinh hpc, hda hpc sau 6 thdng theo ddi dupc trinh bdy b hinh 1 vd hinh 2.
Ty If % cay bi m6i
yildi
Bi^n phap hoa hgc Bien phap sinh hoc Ghi ehu: Lh tiiudc Lenlos 50 EQ Lb thude Lentiek 40 EC; Ma: thude Mapsedan; Di: che pham Dimez; Me: Che phim Metavina; DC: Doi chirng Hinh 1.1^ 1* (*) c4y b?ch din uro bi m6i sau 6 thing
thijt n g h i ^ bang bi^n phip lim sinh, h6a hpc vi sinh hpc
Ty 1$ % cay bj in6i
Ghi ehu: Lt thudc Lenfos 50 EC; Lt thuoc Lentiek 40 EC; Ma: ihu6e Mapsedan; Di: ehe pham Dhnez; Me: ChS pham Metavma; DC: Boi chdng
Hinh 2. i y 1^ 0 0 ciy keo lai bi mSi sau 6 thing t h i nghidm bing b i ^ phip Bm sinh, h<Sa hoc v i sinh hpc
N 6 N G NGHIEP V A PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - KV 1 - THANG 11/2012 77
KHOA HpC C 6 H 0 W 6 i i |
Kit qui th^ hi$n * hinh 1 vi hinh 2 cho thSly ip
dung bi$n phip lim sinh c6 hifu qui phdng atbi, song khdng tri$t Ai. TV \i ciy bj mdi giy h^ trung binh 6 a thi nghifm ddi vdi bjch din uro li 15,3% vi ddi vdi keo lai li 18,896 so vdi d ddi chimg d?t 22,2%
vi 21,5% mdt cich tuong ung.
Khi su dyng 03 chi phim sinh hpc cd ngudn gdc tu vi nim Metarhizium, ty \i ciy bi mdi giy h?i cua cic d thi nghifm xii ly bing chi phim Metavina 90 DP, Dimez, Metavina 10 DP tuong ung vdi ty If ciy bach din bi mdi giy hiU trung binh li 11,8%, 14,6%, 16,7% so vdi d ddi chiing li 22.2%; ddi vdi keo lai li 11.8%, 13,2%, 14,6% so vdi d ddi chung li 21,5%.
Sir dung cic lo^ thudc hda hpc Termidor 25EC, Lenfos 50EC, Lentrek 40EC, Mapsedan 48 EC, PMC 90 cd hifu li;c phdng trii mdi cho rimg trdng b^ch din uro vi keo lai d ci 3 vung sinh thii, ty If ciy bj mdi giy h^i b cic d thi nghifm sau 6 thing li tii 0 - 15%. Die bift, sii dung ndng dd dung djch thudc
Termidor 25EC, Lenfos 50EC 0,2% - 0,3% dam bio 95
• 100% ciy khdng bj mdi giy h»i.
Cic k^t qui thi/c nghifm nfu trfn cho thiy, bifn phip lim sinh don thuin cd hifu li,ic phdng tni mdi thip hon ci. Khi su dyng 3 lo?i chf phfai sinh hpc cd ngudn gdc tit vi nim Metarhizium (DIMEZ, Metavina 10 DP vi Metavina 90 DP) tuy cd hifu lgc phdng trir mdi, nhung khdng cao. Kft qui niy cung phil hpp vdi nh^n xft ciia Nguyfn Tin Vuong, Nguyfn Qudc Huy (2008) khi sir dung chf phim vi sinh Metavina 90 DP df phdng trir mdi h?i ci phf ft Tiy Nguyfn bing cich trdn chf phim vi sinh vio dit trong hd trdng ciy: ty If chft b cic Id thi nghifm li 18,5% so vdi ddi chOmg li 20%. Bifn phip sit dung cic lo^i thudc hda hpc cho hifu luc phdng trir mdi tdt nhit. lo?i thudc Termidor 25EC, Lenfos 50EC thf hifn hifu luc trfi hon cic logi thudc khic.
2. Xiy dvng md hinh quin ly t^ng hpp mdi hai rirng trdng b^ch din, keo
Bing 1: l y If % ciy b^h din urp, keo lai, keo tai tirpng bi mdi hai sau 3 thing tai md hin). quin ly t6ag hpp mdi, nim 2011
Loai ciy
Bach din
Keo lai Keo tai tirpng
Viing
Ddng Bic Tiy Bic Tiy Nguyfn Tiy Nguyfn Ddng Bic Tiy Bic
Loaid
TN DC TN DC TN DC TN DC TN DC TN DC
Ty If (%) ciy bi mdi Trudc xu ly
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26.7 23.3 0 0
Sau xir ly 1 thing
3.33 18.3 0 23,3
5,0 26.7 1,67 21,7 26,7 35,0 1,67 21,7
2 thing 5,0 20,0 3,33 25,0 5,0 28,3 1,67 23.3 26.7 38.3 3.33 26,7
3 thing 5.0 21.7
3.3 28.3 5.0 30.0 1.67 25.0 26.67 40.0 3,33 23,3
Cic md hinh trdng rimg bach din vi keo dupc
ip dung bifn phip quin Iy tdng hpp mdi trfn ca sdr kft qua nghifn cim dat dupc. cu thf nhu sau;
- Bi^n phip lim sinh: thu dpn thuc bi, trdng ciy khde, chim sdc dim bio k^ thu^t
- Bi^n phip sinh hoe: bd tri hd nhit mdi kich thudc 30 X 25x 20 cm, 50 hd/ha df kifm soit tinh hinh mdi tai hifn trudng trdng rimg vi dift Iiy nhifm to mdi tap trung trong cic hd nhir.
- Biin phip hda hpe: b viing Ddng Bic vi Tiy Bic sir dung thudc Lenfos 50EC pha vdi nudc ndng
dp 0,1 - 0,2% tudi xung quanh gdc ciy vol dinh miic 1 lit/ciy. 6 vimg Tiy Nguyfn sii dung thudc Termidor 25EC pha vdi nudc ndng dO 0,2 - 0,3% vdi dinh miic 01 lit/ciy.
Mdi md hmh cd difn Uch 01 ha/ loii ciy/ viing.
Qua thdi gian theo ddi 3 thing, tdng hpp sd lifu dinh gii hifu qui phdng trir mdi tai md hinh dupc trinh biy d bing 1.
Sd lifu bing 1 cho thay tJ If cay con hi mdi gay hai tai cic md hinh dfu < 5%. Difu niy cd nghia li dim bio 95-100% ciy khdng bi mdi. Hifu qui nay dip .
78 N 6 N G NGHllP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG T H 6 N - KY 1 - THANG 11 /2012
KHOA Hpc C 6 N 0 NOHt
ling dupc nhu cdu phdng trii mdi ciia ngudi ddn, ldm giam chi phi vi nhdn cdng vd cay gidng cho vific trdng ddm. Ri^ng d viing Xudn Ddi, Phii Thp dd xdy dung mo hinh trfin hifin trudng rimg keo tai tupng tudi 2 da vd dang b; mdi gdy hai. Ty lfi cdy bj mdi gdy hai trudc khi xay dung md hinh d cd d thi nghifim vd 6 ddi chiing dfiu cao (26,7% cdy bj mdi gdy hgi d d thi
Bang 2: Du lupng tfaudc trong mdu
nghidm vd 23,3% b d ddi chimg). Sau khi XLT Ij^ thudc, ty lfi cdy bi mdi gdy h?i a d thi nghifim khong tdng thfim nhung ty lfi ndy lai tdng thdm rdt nhifiu b 6 ddi chung (tir 23,3% I6n 40,0%) sau 3 thdng khdng xu ly bi^n phdp phdng trir mdi.
3. Ddnh gid tdc ddng ciia cdc bifin phdp qudn ly tdng hpp mdi dfin mdi trudng nudc, ddt rung ddt, nudc t ^ cdc md hinh, ndm 2011 Th6i gian phan
tich sau xir ly bifn phap
Ky hifu miu
Dja dif m My miu
Logi thu6c.
n6ng d$ xir ty Chi tifiu thii nghifim
Phuang phap Ma hifiu LOD 1 LOQ
Kft qua MSudSt
30 ngay
60 ngay
180 ngay
Dl D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 DIO D i l
BdHa (Ddng Bic)
TSnL?c Cray Bac)
Tan Lac (TSyBSc) Pleiku Cray nguyfin)
Pleiku Cray nguyfin)
BdHa Tin Lac
Pleiku BdHa Tan Lac
Pleiku
Lenfos 0,3%
Termidor 0,3%
D6i chimg Termidor 0,3*
DOI chung Lenfos 0,3%
Termidor 0,3%
Termidor 0,3%
Lenfos 0,3%
Termidor 0,3%
Termidor 0,3%
Clopyrifos Etyla Fipronil Fipronil Fipronil Fipronil Clopyrifos Etyla
Fipronil Fipronil Clopyrifos Etyla
Fipronil Fipronil Mlu nuoc
60 ngay
Nl N2 N3
BdHa TanL?c
Pleiku
Lenfos 0,2%
Termidor 0.2%
Termidor 0.2%
Clopyrifos Etyla Fipronil Fipronil
PTN 14- DLF PTN SI-
DLE PTN 51-
DLE PTN 14-
DLF PTN SI-
DLE PTN 14-
DLF PTN SI-
DLE PTN 14-
DLF PTN 14-
DLF PTN SI-
DLE PTN SI-
DUE PTN 20-
DLE PTN SI-
DLE PTN SI-
DLE 0.01 O.OOS O.OOS 0.002 O.OOS 0.01 0.005 0,002 0,01 0.005 0,005
0.05 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.01 0,02 0.05 0.01 0,01
0.005 O.OOS 0.005
0,01 0,01 0,01
0,22 0,34 nd 0,29 Nd 0,08 0,03 0,16 nd nd nd
nd nd nd Ghichii: (nd: Khong phit hiin; LOD (mg/kg): Gidi han phit hiin; LOQ (mg/kg): Gidi han dinh luong) Ket qua phin lich m l u d i t v i nudc cho thiy
n6ng dd cic hoat chat clopyrifos etyla. fipronil phoi nhifm sau 30 ngiy. 60 ngay, 180 ngiy trong mdi hudng dat v i sau 60 ngiy trong mdi trudng nudc dfu nim trong tifu chuin cho phep ciia Bd Y tf, FAO v i WHO. Nhu viy, cd thf khing dinh cic loai thudc v i lieu Iupng sir dung df phong trir mdi gay hai rimg trdng bach dan v i keo da dupc Iua chpn dim b i o hong tifu chuin cho phfp vf b i o vf mdl trudng.
W. Kfi LIMN
Kft qua nghifn ciiu bifn phip quin ly tdng hpp mdi hai rimg trdng bach din uro va keo Iai, keo tai hrpng trfn hifn trudng tai 03 viing smh thii: Ddng Bic, Tiy Bic v i Tiy Nguyfn ciia Vift Nam cho thay:
- Sir dung bifn phip lim sinh v i sinh hpc don thuan cho hifu qua phdng hir mdi thap ngoai hien hirdng. Sit dtmg thudc hda hpc Lenfos 50 EC, Lenh-ek
N 6 N G NGHllP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - KY 1 - THANG 11/2012
79
KHOA HQC C 6 N 0 NOHE
40 EC, Termidor 25 EC b ndng dd 0,2 - 0,3% cho hifu 3. TCVN 5994-1995: Chit lupng num lay miu.
qua phdng tiir mdi tdt hon d c i c vimg sinh thii. Hudng din liy miu d hd ao hr nhifn va nhiin tao.
- Md hinh trdng rimg bach d i n uro, keo lai v i 4. QCVN 15-2008/BTNMT: ChitliK'Hg di't- Gidi keo tai hjpng tai 03 vimg sinh thii dupc i p dyng bifn han cho phfp cua du lupng hda chit bao vf thuc vjt phip quin Ij? tdng hpp mdi (bifn phip lim sinh, sinh hong dit.
hpc, hda hpc) dim b i o ty If ciy sdng dat tria 95%, 5. Atkinson P. R. (1989). ConDvUed-release han chf mire df phin tin mdi h-fn dja bin hdng mseetiddes granules, compared witii other soil rimg v i sir dung thudc hda hpc b lifu lupng hpp 1)>. insecticides, for use agamst the termite, Macrotermes - Du lupng thudc phdng hir mdi Lenfos 50EC vi natalensis Haviland, in die estabh'shment of eucalyptus Termidor 25EC su dung tai md hinh phoi nhifm ra plantations. Crop protection. Vol. 8 December 387-396.
mdi trudng dit v i nudc dfu nim duiVi raiic gidi han 6. I'AO/WHO meeting on Pesticide residues, cho phfp theo tifu chuin cua Bf Y tf, FAO vi WHO, Pesticide residues in food 2009. FAO Plant dim bio an toin vdi mdi hudng. Production and Protection Paper 196. ISBN 978-92-5-
106452-8.
TiUUCuilUIVIKHAO 7. S u , N . Y. a n d S c h e f f r a h n R. H . , A review of 1. Nguyfn Thi Bich Ngpc, Biii Thi Thuy (2012). subterranean termite control practices and prospects Da d^ng thinh phin loai nidi (Isoptera) ^d rimg for integrated pest management programmes, trdng b^ch din uro (B^h din niu) (Eucalyptus Integrated pest management ReviewsZ-.l-Vi.
urophylla S. T. Blake.), keo lai vi keo lai tuong 8. UNEP (2000). F A O / Global 1PM Facility (Acacia mangium Willd) a Viet Nam. Tap chi Ndng Expert Group on Termite Biology and Management nghifp vi PTNT, 5:27-32. (2000). Fuidmg alternatives U Persistent organic
2. Quy dinh 46 cua Bd Y tf-QS 46/2007-QD-BYT. pollutants (POPs) for termite management 69 pp.
S E A R C H I N G F O R I N T E G R A T E D T E R M I T E M A N A G E M E N T A P P U C A B L E T O T H E A R E A S N E W L Y P L A N T E D W r r a E U C A L Y P T S A N D A C A C I A S IN T H E E C O L O G I C A L L Y F O C U S E D F O R E S T R Y Z O N E S
IN V I E T N A M S u m m a r y
N g u y e n T h i B i c h N g o c a n d B u i T h i T h u y T h e juvenile forest plantaUons of eucalypts and acacias, especially at t h e 1st year of age are highly sensitive to t h e damage of termites, h is experienced that the technical measures such a s plant health silvicultural care, and controlled- release Metarhizium products, reduced the rate of plants damaged by termites from 22.2%. 21.5% down to 118-18.8%. T h e experiments' results also showed that Uie measures based on the use of chemical insecticides such as Termidor 25EC. Lenfos 50EC, Lenti-ek 40EC. Mapsedan 48EC and PMC 90 were effectively more than above-mentioned measures. T h e solutions of Termidor 2SEC and Lenfos SOEC with 0.2% -0.3% concentraUon ensure 95-100% of plants in plantation were safety from termite's attack. T h e p a t t e m s of integrated termite control for eucalypt a n d acacia plantations established at three ecologically focused forestry zones of North- East. North- West and Central Highland of Vietnam. T h e findings from t h e monitoring were conducted during three m o n t h s in t h e three studied zones proved that t h e rate of plants damaged by termites is generally inferior to 5%. T h e results of chemical analysis of the soil and water samples taken from the environment of experimental sites after 30.
60 and 180 days of experimentation demonstrated tiiat the retention of chemical products in soil treated with Termidor 25EC and Lenfos SOEC is in the range of standard dictated b y t h e Ministry of HealUi. WHO and FAO. Therefore, t h e proposed integrated termite management for t h e eucalypts a n d acacias plantations can be used effectively that are economic, environmental safety and stably.
Key words: Eucalypt, acacia, man-made forest, integrated termite management, Metarhizium.
Ngudi phin bifn: GS. TS. H i Quang Himg Ngiy nhjn bii: 15/8/2012
Ngiy thdng qua phin bifn: 18/9/2012 Ngiy duyft ding: 26/9/2012
80 N 6 N G NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG T H 6 N - K t 1 - THANG 11/2012
