NGHIEN CtifU, HOC TAP TK TlldNG, DAO B Q C , PHONG CACH HO CHi MINH
GIATRINHANVAN
TRONG D O I NGOAI QUAN SU H 6 CHI MINH VA SU VAN DUNG TRONG B 6 I CANH HIEN NAY
NGUYEN HXJYDJM*
Tom tit: Cong tac doi ngofi noi chung vd ddi ngogi ^udn su noi rieng co vai tro to ldn gop phin trong vifc on dinh tinh hinh dat nuac, phdt'triSn Mnh te, nan^
cao vi thi cua Vi^t Nam tren truang quoc ti. Hifn nay tren the gi&i xuat hien tinh trang chify dua vii trang: cac vin Se an ninh phi truyen thong nhu bien dov khi hgu, thdm hpa thien nhien, dich bfnh, tgi phgm xuyen quoc.
gia... cd xu huang gia tdng. Khu vuc chdu A - Thdi Binh Duong, trong do cd khu vifc Bong Nam A la khu vuc phdt trieri ndng dpng nhung cung Id tdm diem canh tranh trong chien luac cua nhieu nuac l&n. Trong bdi cdnh^
do,. viec nhdn thuc dimg nhimg gid tri nhdn vdn trong doi ngoai qudn sif Hd ChiMinh Id vd cung,quan trpng vd cdnthiet
Tir khda: Doi ngogi; doi ngogi qudn su: khu vvc chdu A - Thdi Binh Duong: Ddng Nam A: ddi ngogi qudn su Ho Chi Minh.
C
hfl tich Hd Chi Minh - con ngtfdi cfla tinh hoa vi khi.phich>din tpc Vi^t Nam; Ngtfdi vfla li hita tfltfng; sfle manh vi cflng li h6n cdtcfla din tOc; c6 sfle s6ng trfldng t6n mil theo thdi gian nim thing. 0 Ngtfdi hOi ttf diy du 6 cac tfi chit, ttf duy min ti^p, hinh i n h n ' ^ toin 6 tren tifci cic cfldng vi khie nhaui Ngfldi vfla li ngflUlanh dao, qtfin 1]^ tii ba, 1^ vfla li nhi ngoai giao, diii ngop xuit chung. Dfl d cfldng vi nio, d N^idi'dlu'toit 16n mOt hinh inh eao d^p cfla stf sic sio, nhtfng eiing'rit'ddi thtfdng gin gui, chan hda vi lich thi$p. Die bi$t trong ho^t d$ng ddi ngoai cfla Ngfldi luon toit len gi&tttfnhin ivin cao ci) vi din tObvi vi ei nhin lo^ trta thi gidL* Thjc SI, Hpc vi§n Chlnh tri, BO Quoc pKong;
TO
1. Gii tri nhan van trong ddi ngoai q u i a stf Ho Chi Minh
Tinhnhdn van trongdSingggi qudn si/HS CUMinhilisin phim cua stf k&thfla»phit triln truyin thdng ddi ngo^ quin stf tdt d?p efla din tpc Vi?t Nam; tinh hoa vin hda nhin lojivi quan dilm efla cHfl ngfala Mic - L ^ n . Gii? tri nhin van.trong^ddi ngo^ quin stf H d Chi Minh bao gdm mdt h | thdng quan diem toin di^n vi siu sic vl vj tri, vai trd; mtfc.-tila;>cie nguyln tic,.
phfldng phip; phtfdng chim; ngh| thuit ddi ngo^ quin stf vi vai trd cfla Ding trong hoat dgng ddi ngo^ quin stf qtfdc-phdng;
nhim mtfC dich giii phdng din tdc, giii phdng giai eip, giii phdng eon ngtfdi va xiy dtfng ^ hdi mdi xa-'hdi chfl nghSaii-
T*PCHlGlAODVCL*UJiJ«>S<5291 (S/2019)
NGHIEN CtfU, HOC TAP ^\S TI/flNG, BAO OlJC, PHONG CACH HO CHI MINH
Theo dd, gii tri nhin van trong ddi ngo^i quin stf Hd Chi Minh cd npi him rdng ldn, cd thi khii quit mpt sd vin d l ndi bit chfl yiu sau diy:
Thti nhdt, gid trj nhdn vdn trong xdc dinh mvc tiiu quan hf dSi ngogi
Trong quan dilm xuyin sudt vl ddi ngo^ cfla Hd Chl Minh ludn nhit quin, xuyen sudt vi mdt muc tiiu duy nhit li giii phdng din tde, giii phdng giai cip vi giii phdng con ngtfdi; \i ddc lip ttf do, h^nh phflc cfla nhin dan, vi chfl nghia xi hdi. Muc tieu dd dflpc bat ngudn tfl tinh chinh nghia vi truyin thdng ngoai giao hda hilu, nhin dao, tdn tr^ng hda binh cfla din tdc Vilt Nam tfl trtfde din nay, kit hpp vdi nhflng nh^y ben, nhin td chfl quan hdn ngfldi cfla Hd Chi Minh m i khdng phii ai cflng cd dflpc. Dilu niy di mang l^i gii tri vi hi|u qui to ldn ddivdiiho^t ddng ddi n g o ^ q u ^ stf cfla Hd Chl Minh.
Cd thi ndi, Chu tich Hd Chi Minh bat diu cic hoait ddng ddi ngo^i tfl khi ra di tim 4ldng eflu nfldc vio nim 1911, trii qua eie ho?t ddng bdn ba nhleu' ntftetrlir thi gidi cung chinh li qui trinh hoin thi|n va rflt ra nhflng bai hpc, quan dilm siu sac trong quan h | ddi ngoji efla minh. Ngfldi thtfc hiln rit ohilu cich thflc ho^t dpng dSi ngoji Si ning cao vi thi, hinh inh tdt d?p cua Vi|t Nam trln trfldng qudc tl, tfl giao Iflu vdi nhin dan cac nfldc, tilp xfle vdi cic cd quan bio chi, lip hdi, vilt bao, vilt sich phin inh vl ndi thdng khd cfla nhin din Vi|t Nam, nhin din cic din tde thudc dia, td cio tdi ic efla thtfc dan, d l qude... Tit ci cic ho?t dpng niy diu nhim mtfC tiiu giinh l^i ddc lip cho din tdc, ttf do cho nhin din Vi|t Nam.
Tfl khi Ding Cpng sin Vi|t Nam ra ddi 3/2/1930, dfldi stf lanh d»p cfla Ding, dflng diu li Chfl tich Hd Chi Minh, mpi hojt ddng ddi ngoai cang dtfdc Ctf thi hda hdn.
Cic ho^t dpng cfla Ngfldi dfl vdi tfl cich li mdt nhi each m ^ g ehuyen nghiip hay li nguyln thfl qudc gia diu thi hi|n rd r|t muc tieu niy. Vdi mdt din tdc vung Iln thoit khdi ich thdng tri cfla thtfc din, mtfc tieu ddi ngo^i vi ddc lip din tpc chinh li kit tinh efla cie gii t4 vin hda vdi gii t4 nhin vin rpng ldn vi nhin d^o eao d?p, ludn hfldng din eon ngfldi vi vi con ngtfdi, vi din tpc vi rdng hdn la vi ci nhin lo^ trln thi gidi. Dpc lip la muc tiiu chinh tri nhtfng xlt eho eflng vi siu xa thi diy eung ehinh li mtfc tieu vin hda, mang gii tri chin - thi|n - my ddi vdi con ngfldL Gii tri cao nhit cfla vin hda la con ngfldi dtfpc sdng trong ddc lip, ttf do vi hanh phfle theo dflng nghia eua con. ngfldi trong thdi d^i mdivi xi hdrmdi.
Thii hai, gid tri nhdn van trong xdc dinh phuong chdm cUa qiMn hi ddi ngogi qudn sif Hd Chi Minh.
Ndi'vl^phflamgchiiiiiddi ngpai quin stf cfla. Chfl tjch Hd Chi Minh dd ehinh li coi trpng hda hilu, hda binh, dl cao vin hda ddi tho^ trong qtfan-hl ddi ngoai quin stf vdi cic ntfdc, kl ci vdi'kl thfl xim.lfldc vi cic nfldc ldn. Ngtfdi dit van: dl hda hilu ludn li phtfdng chim nhat quin trong ttf tudng vi:
hanh ddng ddi ngoai efla Hd Chi Minh. Cd dflpc dilu dd chinh li nhd, xuit p h i t ^ ^ ^ H yiu thtfdng oon ngfldi, qufttpng^sinh mang con- ngtfdi, kit hpp vdi ldng bao dung nhin hiu cao dep, rpng ldn cfla Hd Chi Minh.
Chinh vi viy, khi chiln tranh cd thi xiy ra Ngfldi vin nff Itfcthnimpi cich d l cflu vin hda binh, ngin chjn xung ddt, dd miu, tim
T*PCHlGlAODVCLlfLUiN-S(3291 (5/2019) 11
NGHIEN Cflu, HOC TAP Tfl TfldNG, BAO BtfC, PHONG CACH HO CHI MINH
GIATRINHANVAN
TRONG DOI NGOAI Q U A N S U HO CHI MINH VA SU VAN DUNG TRONG BOI C A N H HIEN NAY
N G U Y £ N H U Y D 4 I *
Tom tit: Cdng tdc ddi ngogi ndi chung vd doi ngogi qudn su noi rieng cd vai trd to ldn gdp phin trong viec on dinh iinh hinh dit nude, phdt'trien kinh te, ndng cao vi thi cua Viet Nam tren truang qudc ti. Hifn nay tren the giai xuat hi$n iinh trgng chgy dua vii trang: cdc vdn di an ninh phi truyen thdng nhu biin doi khi hdu, thdm hoa thien nhien, dich bfnh, tdi phgm xuyen quoc-^
gia... cd xu hirdng gia tdng. Khu vifc chdu A - Thiu Binh Ducmg, trong do cd khu virc Ddng Nam A Id khu vifc phdl trdn ndng dpng nhimg cung la tdm diim cgnh tranh trong chiin luac cua nhiiu nuac lan. Trong bdi cdnh ddi.vi^cnhgn thuc dung nhirng gid trinhdnydn trong ddi ngogi qudn sif Hd ChiMinh Id vd ciing.,quan trpng vd cdmthiet.
Tir khda: Bdi ngogi: doi ngogi qudn sf: khu vifc chau A - Thdi Binh Duong: Ddng Nam A:, ddi ngogi qudn sir Hd Chi Minh.
C
hfl tjch Hd Chi Minh - con ngfldi cfla tinh hoa vi khi phich din tdc Vi|t Nam; Ngtfdi vfla la bilu tflpng; sfle manh va cung li hdn cdt. cua.din tdc, cd sfle sdng trfldng tdn mil theo thdi ^sxi nim thing. O Ngtfdi hdi ttf diy du d cac td chit, tfl duy min tilp, hinh anh^v^ toin d tren tit ci cic cfldng vi khie nhauj Ngtfdi vfla li ngflUlinh.d$o, qtfin ly tii ba, Ip vfla li nhi ngo^ giao, ddi ngo^ xuit chflng. Dfl d cfldng vj nio, d Ngtfdi.diu'toit Iln mpt hinh inh cao d^p cfla stf sic sio, nhiflig cung'rit'ddi thtfdng gin gui, chan hda vi Uch thilp. Die bilt trong ho^t dpng ddi ngpai cfla Ngfldi ludn toit len gi&ittt'nhin vin cao ci) vi'din tObvi vi ci nhin lo^ trln thi gidL
• Thac si, HQC vi|n Chinh trj, Bp (}u6c pVdtlg:
1. Gii trj nhin van trong ddi ngoai quan stf Hd Chi Minh
Tinhrnhdn vdn trongdSingggi qudnsifHd ChiMinfiilisin phim efla stf k l thfla» phit triln truyin thdng ddi ngo^ quin stf tdt d?p cfla din tpc Viet Nam^ tinh hoa vin hda nhan lo^.vi quan dilm cfla chu nghia Mic - Linin. Giistri nhin vin-trong^ddi ngoai quin stf Hd Chi Minh bao gdm mdt h | thdng quan dilm toin di|n vi siu sic vl vi tri, vai trd; muc>-tila^.cic nguyln tic,>
phtfdng phip; phfldng chim; ngh| thuit ddi ngo^i quin stf vi vai trd cfla Ding trong hoat ddng ddi ngo^i quin stf qudc-phdng;
nhim mtfC dich giii phdng din tdc, giii phdng giai cip, giii phdng eon ngtfdi vi xiy dtfng xi hdi mdi xi.hpi chfl nghta^t-
TO T*PCHlGUODVCL*UJ<N^Sl5291 (5/2019)
NGHIENCflfl,HOCTAPTflTfldNG,BAOBflC,PHONGCACI OCH MINH
Theo dd, gid tri nhdn van trong ddi ngoaii qudn sfl Hd Chi Minh cd ndi hdm rdng ldn, ed thi khdi qudt mdt sd van dl ndi hit chfl yiu sau ddy:
Thu nhdt, gid tri nhdn vdn trong xdc dinh muc tiiu quan hi ddi ngogi
Trong quan dilm xuyin sudt vl ddi ngo^i efla Hd Chi Minh hidn nhdt qudn, xuyin sudt vi mdt muc tiiu duy nhdt la gidi phdng ddn tpc, giai phdng giai cdp va giai phdng eon ngfldi; vi dpe ldp tfl do, hanh phfle efla nhdn ddn, vi chfl nghia jra hdi. Mye tiiu dd dflfle hdt ngudn tfl tinh chinh nghia va truyin thdng ngoai giao hda hilu, nhdn dao, tdn trpng hda binh ctia dan tpc Vi|t Nam tfl trtidc din nay, kit hflp vdi nhiifng nh^y ben, nhdn td chti quan hdn ngtidi cua Hd Chi Minh md khdng phdi ai cung ed dtiflc. Dilu nay da mang Iai gid tri va hi|u qud to Idn dSivdiiho^t dpng ddi ngo^i q u ^ sfl cfla Hd Chi Muih.
C6 thi ndi, Chfl tieh Hd Chi Minh bdt dau cdc ho^t ddng ddi ngoai tfl khi ra di tim dfldng cflu nfldc vao nam 1911, trdi qua cde ho?t ddng bdn ba nhieu. ntfdir tren the gidi cung ehinh la qud tiinh hoan thiin vd rflt ra nhflng bdi hpe, quan dilm sdu sde trong quan h | ddi ngoai cfla minh. Ngfldi thflc hi|n rdt nhilu cdch thfle ho^t ddng; d6%
ngo^i d^ ndng eao vi thi, hinh anh tdt d^p cfla Vi|t Nam trln trfldng qudc tl, tfl giao Iflu vdi nhdn ddn ede nfldc, tilp xflc vdi ede cd quan bdo ehi, ldp hdi, vilt bdo, vilt sdeh phdn dnh vl ndi thdng khd efla nhan ddn Vi|t Nam, nhdn ddn cdc ddn tpc thude dia, td cdo tdi dc cfla thflc ddn, d l qudc... Tdt cd cdc ho?t dpng ndy diu nhdm mye tiiu gidnh laii ddc l^p cho dan tdc, tfl do cho nhan dan Vi|t Nam.
Tfl khi Dang Cdng sdn Vilt Nam ra ddi 3/2/1930, dfldi sfl Ianh dgio ctia Dang, dflng ddu Id Chu tich Hd Chi Minh, mpi ho^t ddng ddi ngoai edng dfldc cy thi hda hdn.
Cdc ho^t ddng cua Ngfl^ du vdi tfl cdch Id mdt nhd edeh m ^ g chuyin nghiep hay Id nguyln thfl qudc gia diu thi hi|n rd r|t muc tieu ndy. Vdi mdt ddn tdc vung Iln thodt khdi deh thdng trj cfla thfle ddn, myc tiiu ddi ngo^ vi ddc ldp ddn tpc chinh Id kit tinh cua cdc gid tri van hda vdi gid tri nhdn van rdng Idn vd nhdn dao cao d?p, Iudn hfldng din con ngtidi vd vi eon ngtidi, vi ddn tpc vd rdng hdn Id vi cd nhdn logi trln thi gidL Ddc l4p Id mye tiiu ehinh tri nhting xlt cho cflng vd sdu xa thi day cung ehinh Id muc tiiu van hda, mang gid tri ehdn - thi|n - my ddi vdi eon ngtidi. Gid trj cao nhdt efla vdn hda Id eon ngfldi dfldc sdng trong dpc l^p, tfl do vd h^tnh phflc theo dflng n ^ a efla eon. ngfldi trong thdi dai mdivd xa hdi mdi.
Thu hai, gid tn nhdn vdn trong xdc dinh phuang chdm cda quan hi ddi ngogi qudn sU H6 ChiMinh.
Ndi'vl^phflflngchdiniddi n ^ a i qudn sfl cflai Chfl tich Hd Chi Minh dd chinh Id coi trpng hda hilu, hda binh, dl cao van hda ddi thoai trong qpanh^ ddi ngo^ qudn sfl vdi ede nfldc, kl cd vdi ke thflxam-Iflgic vd" cde nfldc ldn. Ngfldi dat vdn dl hda hieu ludn Id phfldng chdm nhdt qudn trong tfl tfldng vd.
hanh dpng ddi ngo^ cfla Hd Chi Minh. Cd dflflc dieu dd chinh Id nhd, xuat phdt tfltinh' yiu thfldng con'ngfldi, qu^'ttpng sinh m ^ g con ngfldi, kit hdp vdi ldng bao dung, nhdn hdu cao dep, rdng Idn ctia Hd Chi Minh.
Chinh vi v^y, khi chiln tranh ed thi xdy ra Ngfldi vdn nd Iflctimiinpi cdch dl cflu vdn hda binh, ngan chdn xung ddt, dd mdu, tim
TAP CHl GlAODVCLtLU^-SO 291 (5/2019)
NGHIEN Cflu, HOC TAP Tfl TfldNG, BAO BflC, PHONG CACH HO CHi MINH
mpi bi|n phdp dl giai quylt xung dpt bdng bien phdp hda binh, khdng dl xay ra chiln tranh. Trong nhflng nam 1945 - 194d ddt nfldc dflng trflde nhilu ke thu nguy hiim, cdch mang \ ^ | t Nam trong tinh thi "ngdn edn treo sdi tde", Chfl tjeh Hd Chi Minh da sdm chfl trfldng ddi tho^: Ngfldi thflc hiln
"Hoa - Viet thdn tlii|n" vfla nham hda vdi Tfldng, han chl hdnh ddng chdng phd edeh m ^ g Vi|t Nam eua chting vfla d l rdnh tay ddi phd vdi thflc dan Phap. Ngfldi thflc hi|n
"hda de tiln", nhan nhflflng vdi Phdp de dudi nhanh qudn Tfldng vl nfldc. Chfl tjeh Hd Chi Minh da trfle tiep sang Phdp bdn thang dl ddi thogi (tfl thang 5 din thang 10- 1946). Ngfldi da nhain djnh rdng, van dl lflc nay, khdng phdi Id mudn hay khdng mudn ddnh. Vdn de Id biet minh bilt ngfldi, nhdn mdt cdch khdeh quan nhiflig dilu ki|n Idi lai trong nfldc va ngoai ntidc ma chfl trfldng dio dting. Hi|p djnh sd bp 06/3/1946 eung la mdt vi dy diln hinh ctia chti trtidng tiu tiln ddi thogi nhdm kio ddi hda binh de tang ctidng lflc Itipng ehuan bi cho todn qudc khdng chiln. Rd rang trong phtidng ehdm ddi ngoai ctia Ngtidi ludn vi I^i ich cua ddn tpc, etia nhdn ddn, mang mpt gid ta nhdn van cao dep, mpt gid tri vdn hda rpng ldn cd tdm dnh htidng sau sac theo thdi gian ndm thdng.
Tren tinh thdn dd, trong cupc khdng ehiln chdng My, Ngfldi da gfli nhilu thdng di|p eho edc nhd cdm quyin My, dl nghj ddm phdn hda binh de kit thflc ehiln tranL Khi qudn My tdng cfldng chiln tranh, mdt mgt Ngfldi kiu gpi qudn dan ta "quylt tdm ddnh thdng gigc My xdm Ifldc", ddng thdi chfl trfldng vfla ddnh vfla ddm d l kit thuc ehiln tranh. Chu tich Hd Chi Minh ehfl
trtidng ddi ngoai rdng md viSfi phtidng chdm
"them bgn bdt thu", phai Idm cho ntidc minh it kl thu hdn hit vd nhilu bgn ddng minh hdn hit, va tranh ddi ddu "khdng gdy thu oan vdi mpt ai". Phdt bieu nhdn dip Qudc khdnh Idn thti 10 ctia ntidc Vi|t Nam Ddn chti Cpng hda 02/9/1955, Ngtidi tuyin bd: "Trong quan h | ddi vdi ede ntidc khde, ehinh sdeh ctia ntidc Vi|t Nam Dan ehu Cpng hda Id rd rang va trong sang: Dd la mdt chinh sdeh hda binh vd quan h | tdt".
Nhfl vdy, ldp trfldng yeu ehupng hda binh cua Chfl tieh Hd Chi Minh vfla rd rdng, nhdt qudn vfla tfie hi|n mdi quan h | bi|n chflng gifla y chi quyet tdm bdo v | hda binh khdng ehi eho ddt nfldc minh md cdn gdp phdn gifl nin hda binh chung cho ck nhdn logi. Ngfldi ndi: "Nhdn ddn Vi|t Nam tin chde rdng mpi sfl phdn tranh trln thi gidi diu cd A l giai quylt bdng cdch hda binh; tin ehdc rdng cdc nfldc du chl dd xa hdi khde nhau vd hlnh thdi y thfle khdc nhau cung diu cd thi chung sdng hda binh dfldc"*'\
Thu ba, ffd tri nhdn vdn trong xdc dinh quan diim quan hi ddi ngogi qudn sUHd ChiMinh
Nhdn thflc dfldc vai trd vd vi thi Vi|t Nam Id mot ntidc nhd, Ngtidi vdn dyng nhudn nhuyin phtidng phdp tti duy phtidng Ddng vl "Ngu tri" (nam cdi bilt: bilt minh, bilt ngtidi, bilt thdi thi, bilt dflng vd bilt biin) trong quan h | qude tl, dgc bi|t Id trong quan h | vdi cdc nfldc ldn, da gdp phdn to ldn trong quan h | ddi ngoai Hd Chi Minh. Trong hoat ddng ddi ngogi qudn sfl, Chfl tjch Hd Chi Minh ludn qudn tri|t quan dilm chi dgo Id "phdi nhin cho rdng, phdi
1 - Hd Chi Minh: Todn tgp, tgp 10, Nxb. Chinh tri quoc gia, Hd Npi, 2011, tr.l2.
12 TAPCHlGlAODVCLVUJ^-S6291 (5/2019)
NGHIEN cflu, HOC TAP Tfl TflflNG, BAO BflC, PHONG CACH HO CHI MINH
suy cho ky" dl bilt ngtfdi, bilt minh, ludn lim chfl tinh thi. Hilu rd vj tri chiln Ifltfc cua Vi|t Nam trong mdi quan h | gifla eie ntfdc ldn vi trong stf trtfc tilp cfla tit ci cic nfldc ldn d bin dio Ddng Dfldng trong vi sau Chiln tranh thi gidi lin thfl hai, Chfl tjch Hd Chi Minh ludn die bi|t coi trpng vile xfl 1^ quan h | vdi cic nfldc ldn. Ngtfdi nhin ra ring, dc dtfdng dau vdi cic nfldc ldn hdn ta vl nhilu mit, ngo^ giao ddng mdt vai trd rit quan trpng. Trong quan he vdi cic nfldc ldn, Ngfldi chu trfldng phii hilu dfldc cie nfldc ldn, dfl li ddng minh hay ddi thfl, bilt dtfpc mdi quan tim vi chiln Iflpc cd bin cfla hp, hilu bin chit vi van hinh npi tri vi ngoji gjao tflng nfldc ldn, quan h | hpp tic vi diu tranh gifla eie ntfdc ldn cung nhflng gidi han efla cic mdi quan h i dd. Chi khi "bilt ngfldi" nhfl viy thi ngo^ giao Vi|t Nam mdi cd thi ddc lip ttf chu, nhflng vin mim dio linh hojt, mdi cd thi thtfc hi|n nhflng nhin nhtfpng ed nguyen tac vi lpi dtfng miu thuin trong hang ngu ddi phtfdng. Ngtfdi ludn chu trfldng tdn trpng vi gifl thi diln eho nfldc ldn, djc bilt li khi hp la nfldc bai trin. Diy li stf due rflt kinh nghiim flng xfl ngoai giao quin stfdiygiitri nhin vin trong qui trinh dtfng ntfdc va gifl nfldc cua din tdc Vi|t Nam.
Chflng ta edn nhd, dl mong mudn chim dflt chiln tranh, Chfl tich Hd Chi Minh di gid tay bit diu ndng phio khi di tham khu bio ting Normandi d Phip (1946). Tri ldi ciu hdi: Ong cd phii li ngfldi edng sin hay khdng Ngfldi lay nhflng bdng hoa trong bhih ting eho cac phdng vien vi ndi "tdi li ngfldi cdng sin nhfl thi niy niy". Vdi tim ldng nhin ii bao dung Ngtfdi ludn dp Iflpng vi chu trfldng khoan hdng ddi vdi tu binh
T ^ C H 1 G 1 A O D U C L V L U 4 N - S 6 2 9 1 (s/2019)
chiln tranh. Trong Thfl gfli tfl binh Phip nhin dip Giing sinh nim 1950, Chfl tich Hd Chi Minh vilt: "Nhin din Vi|t Nam xem cic b ^ nhfl nhflng ngfldi b^n vi tim mpi cich d l cupc sdng cua cic b^n d\i0c tdt hdn". Phong cich ngpai giao diy tinh khoan dung duig ludn dflpc thi hi|n trong cich Ngtfdi ndi ve nhflng mat mit cfla ehinh nhi][ng ngfldi linh trong hing ngfl kl thfl.
Ngfldi vilt: "Tdi nghieng minh trflde anh hdn nhflng chiln si vi ddng bio Viet Nam di vi Td qudc mi hy sinh tinh m|nh. Tdi cung ngim ngui thfldng xdt cho nhflng ngfldi Phap da tfl vong Than di, trflde ldng bic ii, tH miu Phip hay miu Vi|t cflng diu li miu, ngtfdi Phip hay ngfldi Vi|t efing diu li ngtfd"'^'.
Trong cude khing chiln ehdng My, Ngtfdi bay td: "Tdi vd eflng cdng phin trflde nhflng tdn thit vi tin phi do quin My gay ra cho nhin din vi dat ntfdc chflng tdi; tdi cung rit xuc dpng thay ngay eing ed nhilu thanh nien My chit vd ich d Vi|t Nam"**.
Cao hdn thi, d Chu tich Hd Chi Minh, gii tri nhin vin trong ddi ngoai quin stf cdn chfla dtfng nhfliig gii tri nhin bin nhit cfla con ngfldi, bit kl li phfldng Ddng hay phfldng Tiy. Chinh vl thi mi phong each iy cd sfle hut vi cim hda vd cflng ldn, tao nen stf cim phtf c va ngfldng md cho nhflng ai da tflng tilp xuc vdi Ngfldi, t^o nen sfle manh to ldn eua ngoji giao "tim cdng" mi Ngfldi da djt din dinh cao cua ngh| thuat vin dung. Nhd cd vdn sdng phong phfl, stf am hilu van hda phong tuc tip quin cfla nhilu din tpc tren thi gidi, vi die bilt l i j
2 - Ho Chi Minh: Todn Igp, tap 4, Nxb. Chinh tri Qudc gia - Su thit, 2011, tr. 510.
3 - H6 Chi Minh: Sdd, tip 15, 602.
NGHIEN Cflu, HOC TAP Tfl TflflNG, DAO BflC, PHONG CACH HO CHi MINH
mpi bi|n phdp dl gidi quylt xung dpt bang bi|n phdp hda binh, khdng dl xay ra chiln tranh. Trong nhiing nam 1945 - 1946 ddt nfldc dflng trflde nhilu ke thfl nguy hiim, each mgng Vi|t Nam trong tinh thi "ngdn can treo sdi tdc", Chfl tjch Hd Chi Minh da sdm chfl trfldng ddi thogi: Ngfldi thflc hi|n
"Hoa - Viet than tlii|n" vfla nhdm hda vdi Tfldng, hgn chl hdnh ddng chdng phd each mgng Vi|t Nam cfla chflng vtfg de rdnh tay ddi phd vdi thflc dan Phdp. Ngfldi thflc hi|n
"hda dl tiln", nhdn nhflflng vdi Phdp de dudi nhanh qudn Tfldng ve nfldc. Chu tjch Hd Chi MiiJi da trfle tilp sang Phdp bdn thdng dl ddi thogi (tfl thdng 5 din thdng 10-
1946). Ngfldi da nhgn dinh rdng, vdn dl lue ndy, khdng phdi la mudn hay khdng mudn ddnh, Vdn de la biet minh bilt ngfldi, nhgn mdt edeh khdeh quan iihu:ng dieu ki|n Idi lai trong nfldc vd ngodi nfldc ma chfl trfldng cho dting. Hi|p djnh sd bp 06/3/1946 eung la mdt vi dy diln hinh efla chti trtidng titi tien ddi thogi nhdm kio ddi hda binh dl tdng cfldng Ifle Iflpng ehuan bi cho todn qude khdng ehiln. Rd rang trong phfldng chdm ddi ngogi ctia Ngfldi ludn vi Ifli ich cfla ddn tpc, ctia nhdn ddn, mang mdt gid tri nhdn van eao d^p, mdt gid tri van hda rdng Idn cd tdm dnh htidng sdu sac theo thdi gian ndm thdng.
Trln tinh thdn dd, trong cude khdng chiln chdng My, Ngtidi da gui nhilu didng di|p cho cdc nhd cdm quyin My, dl nghi ddm phdn hda binh dl kit thtic chiln tranh.
Khi qudn My tang cfldng ehiln tranh, mpt mat Ngfldi kiu gpi qudn ddn ta "quylt tdm ddnh thdng gigc My xdm Iflfle", ddng thdi chu trfldng vfla ddnh vfla ddm d l kit thflc chiln tranh. Chti tjeh Hd Chi Minh chfl
trfldng ddi ngogi rpng md vdi phfldng chdm
"thim ban bdt thu", phdi ldm eho nfldc minh it ke thfl hdn hit vd nhilu bgn ddng minh hdn hit, vd trdnh ddi dau "khdng gdy thfl odn vdi mdt ai". Phdt bilu nhdn dip Qudc khdnh ldn thfl 10 ctia ntidc Vi|t Nam Ddn chu Cdng hda 02/9/1955, Ngtidi tuyin bd: "Trong quan h | ddi vdi edc ntidc Idide, chinh sdeh ctia ntidc Vi|t Nam Ddn chu Cpng hda Id rd rang va trong sdng: Dd Id mpt chinh sdeh hda binh vd quan h | tdt".
Nhfl vdy, Idp trfldng yiu ehupng hda binh ctia Chu tjeh Hd Chi Minh vfla rd rang, nhdt qudn vfla thi hi|n mdi quan h | bi|n chflng gifla y chi quylt tdm bdo v | hda binh khdng chi cho ddt nfldc minh md cdn gdp phdn gifl nin hda binh ehung cho ed nhdn logL Ngfldi ndi: "Nhdn ddn Vi|t Nam tin ehdc rang mpi sfl phdn tranh trln thi gidi diu cd thi gidi quylt bdng cdch hda binh; tin ehde rdng edc nfldc du che dd xa hpi khac nhau vd hinh thdi y thfle khde nhau cung diu cd thi ehung sdng hda binh dflde"''\
Thu bOfffdiri nhdn vdn trong xdc dinh quan di&n quan hi ddi ngogi qudn sUHd ChiMinh.
Nhgn thflc dflpc vai trd va vj thi Vi|t Nam id mpt nfldc nhd, Ngfldi vgn dyng nhudn nhuyin phfldng phdp tfl duy phfldng Ddng vl "Ngu tri" (nam edi bilt: bilt minh, biet ngfldi, bilt thdi thi, bilt dflng vd bilt bien) trong quan h | qude tl, dgc bi|t Id trong quan h | vdi cdc nfldc Idn, da gdp phdn to ldn trong quan h | ddi ngogi Hd Chi Minh. Trong hogt ddng ddi ngoai qudn sfl, Chti tjch Hd Chi Minh Iudn qudn tri|t quan diem chi dgo Id "phdi nhin cho rdng, phdi
1 - Ho Chi Minh: Todn tap. tgp 10, Nxb. Chinh tri quoc gia, Hd Npi, 2011, tr.l2.
12 T A P C H 1 G I A O D V C L V U J 4 N - S 0 2 9 I (s/2019)
NGHIEN cflu, HOC TAP Tfl TflflNG, BAO BflC, PHONG CACH HO CHI MINH
suy cho ky" dl bilt ngtidi, bilt minh, ludn Idm chu tinh thi. Hilu rd vj tri chiln Itidc etia "X^lt Nam trong mdi quan h | gifla cdc nfldc Idn vd trong sfl trfle tilp cfla tdt cd cac nfldc ldn d bdn ddo Ddng Dfldng trong va sau Chiln tranh thi gidi Idn thfl hai, Chfl tjeh Hd Chi Minh ludn dac biet coi trpng vi|e xfl I^ quan h | vdi edc nfldc ldn. Ngfldi nhdn ra rang, dl dfldng ddu vdi ede nfldc Idn hdn ta vl nhilu mgt, ngogi giao ddng mdt vai trd rdt quan trpng. Trong quan h | vdi cde nfldc ldn, Ngfldi ehfl trfldng phdi hieu dflflc cac nfldc Idn, dfl Id ddng minh hay ddi thfl, bilt dfldc mdi quan tdm vd chiln Ifldc cd bdn efla hp, hilu bdn ehdt vd vgn hanh ndi trj vd ngogi giao tflng nfldc Idn, quan h | hflp tde va ddu tranh gifla cde nfldc Idn eung nhflng gidi hgn efla cde mdi quan h | dd. Chi khi "bilt ngtidi" nhti vgy thi ngoai giao Viet Nam mdi cd the dde Idp tfl ehfl, nhflng vdn mim dio linh hoat, mdi ed thi thflc hi|n nhftig nhan nhfldng cd nguyen tdc va Idi dung mdu thuan trong hang ngu ddi phfldng. Ngfldi ludn chu trfldng tdn trpng vk gifl thi di|n eho nfldc Idn, dgc bi|t la khi hp Id nfldc bgi trgn. Day Id sfl dtic nit kinh nghiim ting xfl ngogi giao qudn sfl ddy gid tri nhdn van trong qud trinh dflng nfldc vd gifl ntidc etia ddn tde Vi|t Nam.
Chflng ta cdn nhd, dl mong mudn cham dflt chien tranh, Chfl tich Hd Chi Minh da gid tay bit ddu ndng phdo khi di thdm khu bdo tdng Normandi d Phdp (1946). Tra Idi edu hdi: Ong ed phdi Id ngfldi cpng san hay khdng, Ngfldi Idy nhu:ng bdng hoa trong binh tgng eho ede phdng viln va ndi "tdi la ngtidi cdng sdn nhti thi ndy ndy". Vdi tam Idng nhdn ai bao dung, Ngtidi ludn dd Iflflng vd ehu trfldng khoan hdng ddi vdi tfl binh
chiln tranh. Trong Thfl gfli tu binh Phdp nhdn dip Gidng sinh nam 1950, Chfl tjch Hd Chi Minh vilt: "Nhdn ddn Vi|t Nam xem cdc bgn nhfl nhflng ngfldi ban va tim mpi cdch di cude sdng ctia cdc bgn dtide tdt hdn". Phong cdch ngogi giao day tinh khoan dung cung ludn dtide thi hi|n trong cdch Ngtidi ndi vl nhflng mat mdt etia ehinh nhflng ngtidi Iinh trong hdng ngu ke thu.
Ngtidi viet: "Tdi nghiing minh trtidc anh hdn nhiSng chien si vd ddng bdo Vi|t Nam da vi Td qude md hy sinh tinh m|nh. Tdi cting n^an ngui thtidng irot cho nhuhg ngtidi P h ^ da tti vong. Than di, trtidc long bdc ai, thi mdu Phdp hay mdu Vi|t cung diu Id mdu, ngtidi Phdp hay ngtidi Vi|t cdag diu Id ngtidi"^^^
Trong cude khdng chiln chdng My, Ngtidi bay td: "Tdi vd cting edng phan trtidc nhflng tdn that vd tdn phd do qudn My gdy ra cho nhdn ddn va ddt nfldc chting tdi; tdi eung rdt xtic dpng thdy ngdy cang cd nhilu thanh niin My chit vd ich d Viet Nam"^^\
Cao hdn the, d Chfl tich Hd Chi Minh, gid tri nhdn vdn trong ddi ngoai qudn sti cdn chfla dflng nhflng gid trj nhdn ban nhat ctia con ngtidi, bat kl la phtidng Ddng hay phtidng Tdy. Chinh vi thi ma phong each dy cd sfle hflt vd cam hda vd cflng Idn, tgo nin sfl cam phyc va ngfldng mp eho nhflng ai da tflng tilp xtie vdi Ngtidi, tgo nen sfle mgnh to Idn cfla ngogi giao "tam cdng" md Ngfldi da dat din dinh cao ctia ngh| thuat vdn dyng. Nhd cd vdn sdng phong phu, sfl am hieu vdn hda phong tye tgp quan etia nhilu dan tde tren thi gidi, va dde bi|t Id thdng
2 - H6 Chi Minh: Todn tgp, tap 4, Nxb. Chinh tri Qu6c gia - S\r that, 2011, tr. 510.
3 - Hd Chi Minh: Sdd. tdp 15, 602.
TAPCHf GlAODVCLyLUAN-S6291 (5/2019) 13
NGHIEN Cflfl, HOC TAP Tfl TflONG, OAO BflC, PHONG CACH HO CHf MINH
thjo nhilu ngoai ngfl, Ngfldi cd thi nhanh ehdng cim nhjn dflpc vin hda, tim ly cung sd thieh, ^ dinh cfla ngfldi ddi thoai, dl Itfa chpn each flng xfl thich htfp, hi|u qui nhit
Chinh gii tri to ldn dd di mang l^i stf cim phtfc, yiu mln ddi vdi NgfldL Thu tfldng An Dd Neru tflng ndi: "Chflng ta dflpc tilp xflc vdi mpt ngfldi, ngfldi iy li mdt phin lich sfl cfla chiu A. Ngoii phan gap gd mdt con ngfldi vi d^i, chung ta khdng ehi dflpc ting thim vl sfl hilu bilt, ma chung ta cdn ldn Iln vl tim vdc Dtfpc gip ngtfdi iy, mdt con ngtfdi tflng trii khiin chflng ta trd nin tdt hdn". Tinh nhin van iy edn dflpe nhi nghiln eflu My David Halberstam g^
nhin: "Toin thi eon ngfliA efla Ong toit Iln mpt phpng thii binh di va tl nhi bim $inh.„
Ong li tiiu bilu cho mdt nin vin hda, khdng phii li nin van hda chiu Au mi ed le tiiu bilu cho nin van hda tfldng lai".
2. Vin dui^ ttf tfldng Hd Chi Minh trong quan h | ddi ngo^ cua Ding ta hi|n nay
Hiln nay, chflng ta dang sdng trong mdt thi gidi diy biin ddng. Thih hlnh thi gidi dang diln biin phflc t^p. Khu vtfe chiu A - Thii Binh Dtfdng vi tiiu vflng Ddng Nam A li ndi ed stf dan xen vl lpi ich vi mau thuin gifla eie ctfdng qude trong khu vtfc vi thi gidi, die bi|t li vl chu quyin linh thd vi an ninh Biin Ddng, nhit li sau stf ki|n HD 981. Trong tinh hinh dd, gii tri nhin vin trong ddi ngoai quin stf Hd Chi Minh ed y nghia hit sfle quan trpng. VI mjt vi md, ehung ta cin nim vflng va van dung sing t^o nhi][ng quan dilm, tfl tfldng ddi ngo^ quin stf cfla Chfl tich Hd Chi Minh dl xic lap mdt dfldng ldi quan h | qudc tl vi chinh sich ddi ngo^ quin stf sao cho phfl hpp vdi nhflng diln biin phflc tap cd thi xiy ra
trong tfldng lai gin; nhim bio dim dit nfldc ludn dn dinh vi phat triln bin viJng.
Gii tri nhin vin quan stf cfla Hd Chi Minh ludn nlu cao chinh nghia; hflu nghj, doin kit vi hpp tic vdi cic dan tdc khie trong khu vtfc va trln thi gidL Ddi ngo$i quan stf Vi|t Nam ludn xic djnh giinh thing lpi bing chinh nghia, le phii, d^o ly vi nhin van eao d«p; thtfc hi|n xuyin sudt tfl ttfdng "dem d^ nghia thing hung tin, liy ehi nhin thay cfldng b^o" trong ddi ngo^
quin stf li tfl tfldng xuyin sudt, liu dii cfla quin vi din ta; diu tranh vl lpi ich cfla din tpc minh nhiing eflng vl Icfi ich chung cfla nhin lo^ tiln bd trln tfal gidi. Bin c«nh dd, cich flng xfl chu dfo cfla ngfldi Vi|t Nam li hda binh, hflu nghj, hpp tic vi phit triln vdi cic din tpc, cic qudc gia khic Xuit phit tfl truyin thdng vin hiln din tpc, gin kit ldng ngtfdi vdi nhflng mtfC tiiu chinh n^nSi; tfl hoin cinh nhilu khi phii ddi phd vdi nhilu ddi thfl cung mpt luc, chung ta ludn theo dudi phfldng chim "thim b^n, bdt thfl",
"...lim cho nfldc minh it kl thfl vi nhilu b ^ ddng minh hdn hit". Dd mdi thtfc stf li bin chit nhin van trong ddi ngo^i quin stf Hd Chi Minh mi Dang ta cin vin dtfng trong tinh hinh mdi.
ThdrihSt, Bdngta ddi mdivltudi^ dm ng>m Nghj quylt sd 13 cfla Bd Chinh td (khda VI) thing 5 - 1988 khdi diu cho qui trinh ddi mdi tfl duy ddi ngo^ efla Ding ta vdi nhi|m vu chfl ddng chuyin cude diu tranh tfl tr^g thii ddi diu sang diu tranh vi hdp tic trong cung tdn t^ hda binh. Thing 6 - 1992, Nghi quylt Trung fldng 3 khda VII dl ra chfl trfldng md rdng, da phtfdng hda, da d^g hda quan h | ddi ngoai, dinh diu^H hinh thinh dfldng ldi ddi ngoai cfla Ding ta
14 TiPCHlGlAODVCLf IU4N-S<3291 (5/2019)
NGHIEN cflu, HOC TAP Tfl TflflNG, BAO BflC, PHONG CACH HO CHI MINH
trong thdi k^ ddi mdL Trong mdi ^ai do?n, chinh sach ddi ngo^ Vi|t Nam da thtfc hi|n xuit sic nhi|m vtf: phi thi bao vay, cd lip (1986-I99d); md rdng quan h | hpp tie vi diy manh hdi nhip kmh tl qudc tl (199d- 2006); dtfa cic mdi quan h | qudc tl vio chilu siu vi hdi nhip qudc tl toan di|n (tfl nim 2006 din nay) vdi nhiing ddt phi va phit triln mdi, nhfl:
Xic dinh rd tfu tiln Itfi ieh qudc gia, din tdc; ^fl vflng dpc lip, ttf chu; da d ^ g hda, da phfldng hda quan h|. Thdi ky ddi mdi dinh diu bfldc ngoit quan trpng vdi vi|c xic dinh tfu tiln Itfi ich qudc gia, din tdc trong bdi cinh mdi, dit Iln hing diu mtfc tieu phit triln trong khi vin kiln dinh muc tiiu bio dim an ninh qudc gia vi v) thi qudc tl. Nhi|m vtf ldn cfla cdng tie ddi ngo^i thdi k^ niy li "g^fl vi2ng mdi trfldng hda binh, thuin lpi chp diy manh cdng nghiip hda, hi|n d^ hda; bio v | vi2ng chic ddc lip, chu quyin, thdng nhit va toin v$n linh thd; ning cao vi thi cfla dit nfldc; gdp phin tich ctfc vio cude diu tranh vi hda binh, dde lip din tdc, din chfl va tiln bd xi hdi trln thi gidi"'"'.
Ding ta ludn nhit quin vi thtfc hi|n phtfdng chimlib^,lidditictin ciy, thinh viln cd trich nhi|m; dtfa cic mdi quan h | qudc tl di vio chilu sau; chfl dpng vi tich ctfc hpi nhip qudc tl mdt cich toin di|n, cung nhtf lim siu sic cie mdi quan h | qudc tl cfla nfldc ta da thi hi|n nhuSig chuyin biin quan trpng trpng ttf duy ddi ngo^ cfla Ding, phfl hpp vdi nhulig thay ddi cfla tinh
4 - Vu Khoan: "An ninh, Phdt trien, vd dnh hudng trong hogt dpng doi ngogi", Nghiln cuu qu6cte, 1993, so 2, tr.3.
hinh dit nfldc vi thi gidL Triln khai chinh sich ddi ngoai theo d)nh hfldng niy si ting cfldng uy tfa, vi thi qudc tl, tip hpp Itfc Ifltfng, huy ddng stf flng hd, thi|n cim cfla cdng ddng qudc tl trong vi|c giii quylt cac vin dl an ninh va phit triln cfla Ding ta.
Trong qui trinh hdi nhip siu rdng vio
"sin chdi" toin ciu vi khu vtfc, Vi|t Nam chfl dpng tham gia xiy dtfng cic quy tic, luit 1| flng xfl chung trong quan h | qudc tl phfl hpp vdi lpi ich qudc gia ding nhfl thi, Itfc vi trinh dd phit triln cua dit ntfdc khi hdi nhip qudc tl. Nghj quylt sd 22- NQ/TW(ngiy 10/4/2013) cfla Bd Chinh tri vl hpi nhip qudc tl da cd nhiing chi d^p chiln Ifltfc, thdng nhit nhin thflc, lim rd mtfc tiiu, quan dilm chi d^o, ndi dung cd bin cfla hdi nhip qudc tl trong cic linh vtfc, cic djnh htfdng giii phip ldn dl triln khai thtfc hi|n trong thdi gian tdL
Thu hai, ihay dSi tU duy trong xU f|) mdi quan hi dSi tic - ddi tUfng.
Hpi nghj Trung tfdng 3 khda VII (nam 1992) xic djnh rd phtfdng chim xfl 1^ cic vin dl ddi ngo^ li phii nim vflng hai mit hdp tic vi diu tranh trong quan h | qudc tl.
Din Hpi nghi Trung tfdng 8 khda DC (nam 2003), quan dilm niy da dflpc phit triln vi Ctf thi hda thim, neu cich nhin nhin cd tinh bi|n chflng vl ddi tflpng quan h|, dfla ra khii ni|m "ddi tfldng" (diu tranh) vi "ddi tic" (hpp tic) vi cich nhin nhan mim deo vl cic khii ni|m niy.
Vin ki|n Dai hpi dai bilu toin qude lan thfl XII cfla Ding dat ra yiu cSu: phii ning cao hilu qui hojt ddng ddi ngoai, chu ddng hdi nhap qudc tl, gifl vflng mdi trfldng hda bhih vi tao dilu ki|n thuin Itfi de phit triln dit ntfdc. (xem Hip trangSl)
T*PCHlGlAODVCLlfLU^-S(5291 (S/2019) 15
NGHIEN cflu-TRAOBOI
^dm Id, nghiem tri nhiing doi ttfdng cd hinh vi xdi giue nhdn ddn thtfc hi^n di ctf trdi phep nham phyc vu ede muc dich xdu nhtf phd ho?i trdt t\r an todn xa hdi, Idi dyng di ctf ttf do dl budn ban hdng lau, ma tiiy, vu khi; cde ho^t dpng de dga din dodn kit dan t0c, an ninh.bien gidi, si^ todn,yen.chd quyin Ianh tho qudc gia.D
TM:li4u.tham.khdo:
1. LuangBldbDim^: ^'Si/r bienddng ve ddn cu", in trong: Mot so vdn de kinh te - xd hoi cdc tinh mien nui phia Bae, Nxb. Khoa hpc Xa hpi, HaN6i,1987.
2. Dinh Quang Ha; "Di ddn nong thon vd vai tro cua no vol syt phdt trien idnh te hg gia dinh a nong thon". Tap chi Kiioa hgc Xa hpi Vilt Nam, s6 2, 2010, tr. 73 - 82.
3. Cao Ttli Hgmh: "Di cu tu do vd nhibig vdn de dgt ra dia nguai H'mdng a tinh San La hien nay", m trong: Mqt so vdn de vi ddn tgc, tgc nguai a vung bien gidi vd Hen xuyen bien gidi nude ta hien nay, Nxb. Khoa hgc Xa hpi, Ha Npi, 2018, tr. 689.
4. LI Van Son: "Lao dong di cu ngi dia a Vi$t Nam ki^n nay", T^p chi Khoa hoc Xa hpi Vift Nam, s6 1, 2014, tr. 57 - 65.
GIATRI N H A N VAN T R O N G D O I N G O A I QUAN SU... fft^ trangis) Ding ta xic dhih diy li mpt tepng nhflng giii Kl thtfa vi phit huy truyin thdng vl phap quan trpng dl phat tiilp kinh tl-3a-hpi; \'Yang, cdng tie ddi .ngoai'Vi|tNanV5ftitilp ding thdi li stf thi hi|n nhin thflc, dinh gii cfla tpc cflng^toin Dangj toan'din, toan quin ta Bing-ta vl vai trd to ldn efla cdng tic ddi ngoai thtfc hiln nhiim vp "gifl vflng mdi trtfdng ttoi^ flnh hinh mdL VI mpc tiiu vi nhiem vu hda binh, thuan ldi cho phit triln dit ntfdc;
cua ddi ngoai. Ding ta da xic djnh trong vin bio v | viing chac dpc lap, chfl quyin, thdng ki|n Dai hdi XII: mpc tiiu tdi thtfpng la bio fihit, toan ven lanh did; ning cao vi thi efla .dim lpi ich qudc gia - din tdc, trln cd sd cie dat ntfdc; gdp phin Uch ctfc vao cude dau nguyln tic cd bin cfla luat phip qudc tl, binh ttanh vi hda binh, dde lap din tde, din chfl ding va cung cd IpL Thtfc hiln nhit quin va tiln bpxi hdi teln thi gidi". D dtfdng ldi ddi ngoai dpc lip, ttf ehfl, hda binh, j . ^ . ^^ ,^^^ j ^ ^ ^ .
hpp tie vi phat triln; da danff hda, da phtfdng ,' „ . ,
! , / . . « u a i i - '• u-A- Afi^ 1. Hd Chi Mmh: Todn (9P, tap 4, 10, 15, hda bxing quan h | ddi ngoai; chu dpng vi tieh
ctfc hdi n % qudc tl; la ban li ddi tic tin ciy va Nxb. Chmh ttj Qudc gia-Su that, 2011.
thinh viln cd trich nhiim cfla edng ddng 2. Vii Khoan: "An ninh, Phit iriin, vd dnh qudc tl nhim "phtfc vu mpc tiiu gifl vuiig ^ ^ ^ ^ ^„„g jo„, ^^„g ^j „g^ai". Nghiln cuu mdi trtfdng hda binh, dn djnh, ttanh thu tdi ^ ' , qq, - 7
da cic ngudn Itfc bin ngoii dl phit triln dit '""'^ ' ' '
ntfdc, ning cao ddi sdng nhin din; ning eao 3. BCSVN: Van Uln Dgi hpi dgi biiu todn vj thi, uy tin efla dat ntfdc va gdp phin vio quoc lan thu XIL Van phdng'Tiung uong Ding, stf nghiip hda binh, ddc lip din tdc, dan j j j j^^j^ 2016.
ehu va tiln bd xa hpi teln thi gidi**'.
juocMnrt'f.SH Van phong Trung uoni 5 - DCSVN: Vdn kiln Dgi hpi dgi biiu todn Ha Ndi, 2016, tr. 34 - 35.
T*PCHlGlAODVCLlflU^-S(5291 (S/2019)
