Nghian cifu - Trao ddi
Nhan sU kien Tdng cue Dan so vita dila ra thong diep "moi gia dinh hay sinh 2 con", phong vien Tap chi Bien Viet Nam co cuoc phong van Pho Vu tntdng Vu Truyen thong - Giao due (Tong cue E ^ s6-
KHHGD, Bp Y te) - Bac sy Mai Xuan Phuong ve van de nay.
DUa thoncj diep den tCrng ngadi dan
Pho Vu trudng Vu Truyen thdng - Gido due - Bac sy Mai Xudn Phuang
3 2 Bieh Viet Nam-thang 4/2014
ThUa ong, ditptc biet Tong cue Ddn soda dUa ra thong diep "mdi gia dinh hay sinh 2 con", co y kien lo ngai khau hi^u mdi se lam dan sonUcfc ta tdng len. Ong ddnh gid the ndo ve vdn de nay?
ThUc ra day la sU thay ddi can thiet. TrUdc day thdng diep la "mdi gia dinh chi sinh t d i den 2 con"edn gid"m6i gia dinh hay sinh 2 con".
Trudc day dimg tif "chi ed" trong mpt chifng mUc nao dd mang tinh I p bupc cdn diing tU"hay nen" la Idi khuyen ddi vdi cap vp chong chtf khdng mang tinh ep budc.
Ban chat eiia thdng diep la van ddng de moi gia dinh cd 2 con chtf khdng ep budc moi gia dinh chi dupe phep sinh 2 con.
Theo tdi, vdi thdng diep nay chi khi nao ngudi dan t u gidc thUe hi§n thi chUdng trinh mdi thanh cdng. Dd la su ddng thuan trong xa hdi. Viet Nam thUc hien kha nghiem ngat chinh sdeh k l hoach hda gia dinh va chung tdi khuyin khich mdi gia dinh chi n i n cd t d mdt den hai con. Tdi phdi nhan manh rdng, d i l m mdi nhat la chuyen tif "chi cd" sang "hay nen" la ldi khuyen ddi vdi mdi cap vd chdng, moi ci nhan. Lan nay chung tdi chot lai moi gia dinh hdy smh 2 con. NhU vay v l mat so lupng khdng tang len.
Cdsd nao Tong cue Ddn sodi/a ra thong diep m6i gia dinh nin sinh 2 con, trong khi ddn so ntfdc ta hien nay da 90 trieu, thUa ong?
Smh 2 eon dam bao cd cau dan so trong tuang iai la tdt nhdt. Ngoai ra, smh 2 con ddm bao su hai hda edn ddi giufa cac Ida tuoi.
IVIpt sd nudc cham phat t r i l n cd mifc sinh cao, giong nhU Viet Nam each ddy 50 nam. NhUng trong tUOng lai hp se dat dUOc mifc sinh thay t h i .
Theo tdi nhifng nudc d mdc sinh thap roi thi rat khd dat duac mdc sinh thay t h i . Tren thuc t l , nhilu nude van dung mpi cdch d l dat dUOc mifc sinh thay the nhung khdng thanh cdng.
Chinh vi lo ngai dan sd gid n i n can cd gang gidm tdi da nhifng y l u t d bat Ipi ma tang yeu td tich cue ien. Do dd, chiing ta phdi dua ra thdng diep d l mpi ngUdi nhdn thay viec sinh de nhU mdt quyin Ipi vd nghTa vy eiia gia dinh, ddng hp va ddn tdc, dam bdo sU trudng tdn ciia gia dinh vd xa hdi thi phdi sinh eon dd cdi.
Vgy, thong diep m&i cua Tong Cue Dan sose dp dung tifbaogiif?
Dan dan chting tdi se thay thdng diep cu bang thdng diep mdi nhung d l lam dUdc phdi cd Id trinh. Trong Hdi nghi Tong k i t Phap lenh dan sd nam 2013 chung tdi da dua ra thdng diep "mdi gia dinh hay sinh 2 con" va nam 2014 chiing tdi se chuyin thdng diep nay ve cdc dia phUdng yku cau bd thdng diep "moi gia dinh chi n i n ed ttf 1 den 2 eon".
Theo ong, cai kho cua viec dp dung thong diep "moi gia dinh hdy sinh 2 con"la gi?
Tdi nght ddn dan thong diep mdi di vao cudc sdng chUngay mdt luc se rat khd.
Hon nQa, d Viet Nam khd dp dung thdng di^p bdi mCfc smh giifa eac vting mien khdng ddng deu. Bin eanh nhdng viing van edn mUe sinh eao (sd con trung binh etia phu nd sinh d^ van tr^n 3 eon), !ai cd nhifng vung mifc sinh xudng rat thap (nhuTPHCM, tdng t^ suat sinh chi la 1,3 con).
Rieng TPHCM chiing tdi gpi y diing thdng diep "mdi cap vp chdng hay nen sinh dtl 2 con". Cdn nhifng ndi khae thdng di$p hdy sinh 2 eon se dimg chung cho cd nudc.
Thdng diep mdi khuyen cae gia dinh khdng sinh con thif 3. Bin canh do nhifng gia dinh sinh 1 con hdy sinh them 1 eon nda. N i u nai nao cCing sinh thap nhuthe thi tdc dd gid hda ddn sd dd rd't nhanh nhu hien nay se eang nhanh hdn, ngudn nhdn luctrong tuang lai gan sebi thieu hyt.Day la khuyin nghj cdn cif tren CO sd khoa hpc v l k i l m sodt quy md dan sd, CO cdu dan sd va quy luat phdt t r i l n nhan khau hpe ciia qudc gia.
6ng ddnh gid the ndo vehieu qua cua thong diep "moi gia dinh hay sinh 2 con"?
Chung tdi dua ra thdng diep mdi gia dinh hay sinh 2 eon trong thdi diem nay rdt phil hpp. Theo tdi cd moi thdng diep dua ra diing thi sifc lan tda se rat Idn. Moi cdp vp chdng xem thdng didp moi gia dinh hay sinh 2 eon la quyen Ipi, nghia vu.
M6i cap vp chdng phdi ed trach nhiem ddm bdo duy tri ndi gidng eua gia dinh, ddng hp.
Sinh it se dan d i n tinh trang, dau t i l n 6 ngUdi nudi 1 difa con, nhung sau mdt giai doan, 1 ngUdi lai phdi nudi 6 ngUdi. Do dd, suy gidm dan sd la van d l h i l m hpa khdng khde gi biing n6 ddn sd. Hien nay, chiing tdi no lUe lam sao de can ddi ty I I sinh nd giufa cdc vting.
Ty le phu nU trong dp tu6i sinh de d nUdc ta ludn rat eao nen nhu cau k l hoach hda gia dinh cung rat eao, edn lam sao de cd nUdc ed mifc sinh ddng d i u , tat cd deu 2 con.
The nhitng cdn bd eong chvtc sinh 3 eon thi sao, thiTa ong?
Ddi vdi cdn bd eong nhdn vien chufc (khodng 2 t r i l u ngUdi so vdi tong sd 90 t r i l u ddn Id eon sd qud nhd), ho ddng trong hang ngu ndo thi phdi chiu trdch nhiem rang budc quy dinh ctia co quan do. Neu hp la Ddng vien thi phai thUc hien quy djnh, dieu 1$ cda Ddng.
Hp la cdng chufc thi phdi thue hien Ludt Cdng chufc. Toan bd nhdng quy dinh
dd dp dung vdi tr^n 2 tri#u ngUdi cdn mudn tren 87 trieu ngUdi sinh 2 eon la trach nhiem cua ngdnh ddn so, trdch nhiem ciia toan xa hdi. Trach nhiem ctia chdng tdi la phdi hUdng dan eho ngudi ta chap hanh tU gidc.
Ddi vdi ddng vidn, sinh con thtf 3 se bi khien trdch, sinh con t h d 4 bj cdnh cdo, sinh con thtf 5 bj khai trtf.
Ddi vdi ngudi dan budn ban hoac idm ndng nghiip khdng bi lam sao, ke ed phat tien. Cdng tdc ddn sd bdn chat la cudc van ddng ehU khdng hti doa ai bao gid.
Nhufng nha sinh con 1 b l thi thUdng muon sinh con thd 3, day la van hda va tam ly ciia ngudi Viet. Nganh dan sd thay rdng ty sd gidi tinh tdng l l n nen chting tdi van giO thdng d i l p dti gdi hay trai chi 2 la du.
Giai phdp ehinh de trien khai thong diep mdi Id gi?
Trong ndm 2014 chung tdi se trien khai ddng bd khau hieu mdi. Bien phap chinh Id thdng qua khau hieu tren dUdng, thdng diep t r i n cac chiln djch va qua cdc phuong t i l n thdng tin dai chting.
Nhifng nam qua, qud trinh gia hda dan sd d i l n ra rat nhanh. Chinh vi t h i , nganh ddn sd mudn gdi tdi ede gia dinh thdng diep "hdy sinh 2 con", "sinh 2 con la tdt nhdt", thay vi "moi cap va chong chi cd 1-2 con" nhU trudc ddy.
Trdn trpng cam cfn!
