CHINH SACH
QUY TRiNH HOACH DjNH CHINH SACH VA KIEN NGHI NHAM NANG CAO NANG Ll/C CHINH SACH CUA DAI BIEU QUOC HOI
Nguyen Trpng Binh
TS. Hoc vien Chinh trj khu VLTC IV.
Thdag tin biti viet:
Tit khoa: Quy trinh ho^eh djnh chinh saeh, d^i bi^u Quoc hpi.
Article Infomatia Key words: Pol National Assembl Article History:
Received Edited Approved
09/7/2020 19/7/2020 22/7/2020 n:
ey making process f deputies.
09 Jul. 2020 19 Jul. 2020 22 Jul. 2020
T6m tat:
Chinh sach c6ng liSn quan tivc tigp d^n tinh ddp ling, tinh dai di$n, tinh trich nhi?m, tinh ddng tin c^y va thih hi^u qud cua qudn tri nhd nude. Vi vay, dam bdo chat lupng chinh saeh c6ng Id mpt trong nhung van dl ly luan va thuc tien lu6n dupe quan tSm. Trong ph^m vi bai viet ndy, tdc gid khdi lupc ly lu^n ve quy trinh ho^h dinh chinh s^h cflng vd neu len mpt so gpi m6 nham g6p phan nang cao nang luc ho^ieh djnh chinh sdch ciia d^i bieu Quoc hpi b nu6c ta hi?n nay.
Abstract:
Public policy is du-ectly related to the responsiveness, representativeness, accountability, reliability, and eflfectiveness of state governance. Therefore, it always gets concerns on the assurance of the quality of public policy in both theoretical aspects and practical ones. In the scope of this article, the author summarizes the theory of the process making the public policy and raises a number of recommendations to improve the policy-making capacity of the National Assembly deputies in our country.
H
oach dinh ehinh sdch cd the xem Id m^t giai doan quan trpng trong chu trinh chinh sach cdng ndi chung.Day ciing Id mpt van de cot loi md khoa hoc chinh sdch quan tdm. Ve thye chat, hogeh dinh chinh sdch edng chinh Id qua trinh hinh thdnh ehinh sach, cd nghia Id tu viec phdn tich van dl chinh sdch de hinh thdnh nen cdc phuang dn gidi quyet van de chinh sdch, cho tdi khi thdng qua phuang an ehinh sdch hay hpp phdp hda chinh sdch.
1. Khdi ludn vl quy trinh hoach dinh chinh sdch cong
Cho den nay, xung quanh cdc budc cua qud trinh hogeh dinh chinh sdch cdng vdn edn nhieu quan diem khdc nhau. Tuy nhien,
quy trinh hogeh dinh ehinh sdch cdng dupe diiia nhgn phd bien hipn nay gdm cdc budc ea bdn sau: (i) thiet Igp nghi trinh ehinh sdch;
(ii) xdy dyng va de xudt phuang dn chinh sdch; (iii) hap phdp hda ehinh sdch hay ban hdnh chinh sdch.
Thu nhdt, thiit lap nghi trinh chinh sdch: Mpt trong nhirng nhiem vu vd chiic nang quan trpng cua ehmh saeh cdng dd la gidi quyet cdc vdn de xa hpi. Vi the, van de xa hpi Id ngudn gdc de thiet Igp nghi trinh ehinh sdch. Trong xa hpi hipn dgi, thudng xuat hien nhieu vdn de xa hoi cung liic, van dl xa hpi ndy xudt hipn ke tiep vdn de xa hpi khdc. Tuy nhien, do nhieu nguyen nhdn, khdng phai tdt cd cdc vdn de xd hdi deu dupe gidi quyet thdng qua cdng cu chinh sach. Chi
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unif^n dA(-H
nhiing van de xa hOi ma ngudi 1dm ehinh sdch nhdn thdy can thdng qua cdng cy chinh sdch d6 gidi quyet thi mdi dupe xem Id vdn de chinh sach. Diem cdt yeu d budc ndy Id 1dm the ndo dl xdc dinh "dung" vd "tning"
vdn de xa hpi can gidi quylt thdng qua chinh sdch. Dilu dd cd nghia Id can xdc dinh dupe van de xa hpi can thiet phdi ban hdnh chinh sdch de gidi quyet, han che dupe tinh trang cd nhiing vdn dl xd hpi hue xiie nhung ngudi 1dm chinh sdch lgi chdm tre trong viec dua vdo nghi trinh chinh sdch, hogc ed nhiing vin d% xa hdi chua thgt sy biic thidt nhung lgi dupe uu tien dua vdo nghi trinh chinh sdch. Theo quan diem ciia James E.
Anderson, vipc mpt van dl xa hdi ndo dd dupe dua vdo nghi trinh ehinh sdch vd trd thdnh van de chinh sach liSn quan den nhieu ylu td khdc nhau, nhu vai trd eua ngudi lanh dgo ehinh tri, sy kipn thu hut sy quan tdm ciia nhilu ngudi, phdn dnh vd thai dp ciia ngudi ddn, phdn dnh ciia truyen thdng dai chung'. Tren thye te, vipe vdn de xa hpi duac dua vdo nghi trinh chinh saeh phu thupc vdo vai trd cda nhilu chd thi khdc nhau, nhu lanh ty chuih trj, ddng cdm quyIn, co quan ddn eii, ea quan hdnh chinh, ede dodn thi ehinh tri - xa h^i, cdc chuyen gia vd nhd khoa hoc, cdng chung, truyin thdng dgi chiing, sy xudt hipn eua cdc su kipn. Tuy liSn quan din nhieu ehu thd khde nhau, song trong xa hdi ddn chu, chinh sdch cdng vdi tu each "ddu ra" cua hp thong chinh tri nhdm ddp ling nhu eau cua xa hpi, thi vipc xdc dinh nghi trinh chinh sdch ciing edn phdi dya vdo "ddu vdo"
Id cdc nhu cau vd phdn dnh cua xa hpi. Vi vgy, yeu cdu cot loi d ddy Id cdc chu thi ed lien quan can thdng qua ede phuang thiic nhau de xdc dinh diing vd "triing" vdn dl xa hpi de dua vdo nghi trinh chinh sdch. Day Id mpt phuang dipn ea bdn thupc vl tinh trach nhipm vd tinh ddp ling cua qudn tri nhd nude vdi tu cdch m^t trong nhirng dac trung co bdn cua "qudn tri tdt".
Thir hai, xdy dipig vd di xudtphtf<^$
chinh sdch: Sau khi xdc dinh dupe van de xa hpi ndo dd, cdn ban hdnh chinh sdch ^f S^^
quylt thi vdn dl xa hpi trd thdnh van de chinh sdch. Do dd, nhipm vy tiep,theo cua budc ndy la, trdn ca sd phan tich vdn de cua ehinh sdch dl xay dyng vd hinh thdi^ c ^ phuang dn chinh saeh. Xdy dyng vd de xuat phuang dn chinh sdch Id qua trinh tren co sd nghien ciiu, phdn tich ddi vdi vdn de ehinh sdch dl de xuat bien phdp hoae phuang dn chinh sdch tuang dng. Xay dyng vd de xudt phuang an chinh sdch gdn lien vdi nhieu n^i dung, nhu phdn tich van de chinh sdch, xdc dinh muc tidu md chinh sdch can dgt dupe, thilt ke phuang dn, ddnh gid ddi vdi tdng phuang dn vd lya chpn i)huang dn phu hpp nhdt. Xay dyng vd dl xudt phuang dn chinh sdch cd ba dge tnmg sau:
(1) Myc dich eiia vipe xay dyng vd dl xuat phuang dn chinh sdch Id gidi quyet van dl chinh saeh ey thi. Sy ton tai khdeh quan ciia vdn de chinh sdch Id tien de vd ca sd eua viec xay dyng vd de xudt phuang dn chinh sdch. Tinh chat, p^am vi vd miic dp cua van de chinh sdch quyet dinh npi dung chu yeu cua phuang dn chinh sdch;
(2) Npi dung ca bdn eua xdy dyng phuang dn ehmh sdch la thilt kl phuang dn vd lya chpn phuong dn. "S^^c thilt kS phuang dn chinh sdch chinh Id nhdm gidi quylt van de ehinh sdch; dd Id vipc dya tren cdc phuang phdp dinh tinh va dinh lupng dl dl xuat ra cdc phuong dn chinh sdch khdc nhau. Tren CO sd ede phuang dn chinh sdch dd, ngudi thiet ke chinh sdch thdng qua vipe phdn tich, SO sdnh vd lugn chung mpt edch day du de lya chpn mpt phuong an chinh sdch cd khd nang thye hipn dupe muc tieu ciia chinh sdch mpt cdch tdt nhdt. Khi thilt kl phuang dn chinh saeh, c4n quan tdm den myc tieu chinh sdch. Muc tieu ehinh sdch ro rang hay khdng se tryc tilp dnh hudng din chdt lupng phuang an chinh sdch ciing nhu dnh hudng
1 James E. Anderson (1975): Public Policymaking, Praeger.
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CHINH SACH din viec thye thi. Viec danh gia vd xac dinh
phuong dn chinh sdch uu tien edn quan tdm phdn tich vd ludn chiing tinh khd thi ciia phuang an chinh sach (tinh khd thi ve chinh tri, kinh tl, ky tiiuat, hanh chinh, phdp ludt...);
ddng thdi cdn ddnh gid sy dnh hudng cda nhan td tuong lai ddi vdi chinh sdch;
(3) Xay dyng va de xudt phuang dn chinh sdch vua la mdt hogt dpng nghien ciiu, vda la mpt hdnh vi ehinh tri. Xay dyng vd de xuit phuong dn chinh sdch Id mdt qua trinh hogt dpng rat phiic tgp. Mot mat, cka phdt huy vai trd va sy tham gia cua cac nhd khoa hpe, tuan thii cdc nguyen tac, phuang phdp khoa hoc de phan tich van de ehinh sdch, xac dinh muc tieu ehinh sdch, thiet kl phuang an, ddnh gid phuang dn vd lya chpn phuong dn phii hop. Mat khdc, do chinh sdch lien quan den vipe dieu chinh vd phdn phdi Ipi ich cua nhiing ddi tuang lien quan trong xa hpi, do dd can coi trpng vd ddm bdo sy tham gia cua nhiing ddi tupng lien quan.
Nhiing nguyen tac ea bdn md vi^c xdy dung vd de xudt phuang an chinh sdch can tuan thu Id:
(i) Nguyen tdc ddy dii vl thdng tin:
Thdng tin la ca sd va can cii eua viec xdy dyng vd dl xuat phuong dn chinh sach; do do, ngudi thiet ke ehinh sdch edn thdng qua nhilu phuong thiic khdc nhau de ed dupe thdng tin todn di|n vd chinh xdc;
(ii) Nguyen tac hS thdng: Khi xdy dun^
vd de xuat phuang an ehinh sdch, ngudi thiet kl ehinh sdch can xuat phdt tii quan diem h$
thdng dl phdn tich tdng hop ddi vdi phuotig dn ehinh sdch, cdn gidi quyet hdi hda mdi quan h^ giiia loi ich chinh the va loi ich bp phdn, giiia dilu kien ben trong yd dieu kipn ben ngodi, giira lai ich trudc mdt vd lai ich Idu ddi, giiia myc tieu chu yeu vd myc tieu thii ylu. Dgc biet, nguyen tdc he thdng cdn ySu chu, ngudi thiet ke chinh sdch cdn thay dupe mdi quan he vd sy dnh hudng Ian nhau giiia cdc chinh sdch, han che tinh trang xung dpt chinh sdch;
(iii) Nguyen tdc dy bdo khoa hoc: Cd nghia Id vipc thiet ke vd de xudt phuang dn
ehinh sdch cdn dgt nd trong xu thi vdn ddng vd nhu cdu eiia tuang lai;
(iy) Nguyen iAc khd tiii: Cd nghia Id vice de xudt vd thilt kl phuang dn ehinh sdch cdn phdn tich mpt each todn dien dl xdc dinh cd khd thi hay khdng, nhdt la vdi dilu kien vd ngudn luc hipn tgi, ed thye hipn duac hay khdng, hipu qua ed ddm bdo hay khdng;
(v) Nguyen tdc hpp phdp: Cd nghia Id viec thiet ke vd de xuat phuang dn chinh sdch cdn phu hop vdi phdp ludt qudc gia vd phdp ludt qudc te;
(vi) Nguyen tdc dan chu: Cd nghia Id, viec thiet ke vd de xudt bdt cii phuong dn ehinh sdch nao cdn phdi xem lipu cd lgi eho Ipi ich edng hay khdng, cd phdn dnh that sy nhu cdu vd lai ieh eiia ngudi ddn hay khdng.
N^yen tdc ddn chu cdn yeu cdu vipc thiet ke phuang an chinh sdch cdn cdng khai, mirji bgch, cdn ddm bdo sy tham gia cua nhiing doi tupng Hen quan ddi vdi qua trinh ndy, nhdt la phdt huy vai trd vd sy ^am gia cua cdc td chdc tu van chinh sdch. Viec thye hipn tdt nguyen tdc dan ehu, nhat Id ddm bdo tinh cdng khai, minh bach va sy tham gia ciia ngudi ddn ed tdc dung quan trpng ddi vdi viec thye hien cdc nguyen tac ndi tr^n.
Thir ba, hpp phdp hda chinh sdch: Hop phdp hda ehinh sdch hay ban hdnh chinh sach dupe hiiu Id cd nhdn vd ca quan cd thdm quyen tren co sd quy dinh cua phdp lugt tien hanh ddnh gid, tham tra de thdng qua hoae phe chuan phuang an chinh sdch.
Chdng han, tren ca sd tham dinh, thdm tra vd thdo ludn ddi vdi dy dn ludt do ea quan cd lien quan de trinh, Qudc hpi bieu quyet thdng qua dy an ludt do. Tat cd dy thdo chinh sach deu phdi thdng qua budc hop phdp hda nay mdi cd hieu lyc thi hdnh. Nhin chung, d mdi nude, phap ludt quy dinh khac nhau ve trinh ty, thu tyc vd thdm quyIn cua ea quan vd cd nhdn trong viec thdng qua mpt dy thdo chinh sdch, phdp ludt. Ci nude ta, quy trinh lap phap dupe quy dinh trong Ludt Ban hdnh van bdn quy pham phdp lugt. Hpp phdp hda hay ban hdnh chinh sdch cd vai trd ddc bipt quan trpng trong hogeh dinh chinh sdch cdng
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CHINH SACH
ndi rieng vd trong chu trinh ehinh sdch cdng ndi chung, the hien d chd: (i) hpp phdp hda chinh sdch vua la budc dac bipt quan trpng trong hogeh dinh chinh sdch, vua Id tien de dl thye thi ehinh sdch. Ndi each khdc, khdng cd budc ndy thi khdng thi tiln hdnh thye hien chinh sdch; (ii) hpp phdp hda chinh sdch cung Id mpt yeu cdu, mdt khdu khdng the thilu dl ddm bdo thih khoa hpe, tinh ddn chu vd tinh hpp phdp eua chinh sdch, Id nguyen tac khdng thi thilu dl thuc hipn qudn tri qudc gia theo phdp ludt. Thdng thudng, chinh sdch dupe ban hdnh theo chS dp thu trudng vd chl dp tap thi. Phdp ludt quy dinh rd trinh ty ban hdnh chinh sach theo che do tap thi vd che dp thu trudng. Tuy cd nhiing yeu cdu khac nhau ddi vdi ehinh sdch ban hanh theo chl dp tdp thi vd che dp thu trudng, song cd mpt sd luu y d budc nay dd Id: (i) ddm bdo dl chinh sdch duac thdng qua theo diing trinh ty theo quy dinh cua phdp lugt; (ii) ddm bdo nguyen tdc ddn chu, cd nghia Id ddm bdo vipc thdo ludn, tranh luan mdt cdch cdng khai, ddn chu trong qud trinh thdm dinh dy thdo chinh sdch (ddi vdi chinh sdch dupe ban hdnh thdng qua che dp tap thi) vd tranh thu y kiln mang tinh d^c lap eua cde ehuySn gia, to chdc tu van ddi vdi dy thdo chinh saeh (ddi vdi ehinh sdch dupe ban hanh theo che dp thu trudng).
2. Kiln nghi ndng cao nang lyc ho^ch dinh chfnh sdch cua dai bieu Qudc hdi
d nude ta, Qudc hpi va dai biSu Qudc hdi cd vi tri vd vai trd dge biet quan trpng trong ehu trinh chinh sdch cdng ndi chung vd trong qud trinh hogeh dinh chinh sdch edng ndi rieng. Qudc hdi vd dgi bieu Qudc hpi vira cd vai trd hoach dinh, quyet dinh chinh sdch, vua cd vai trd giam sdt vipe thye thi chinh sdch, phdp ludt. Cd the cho rang, chdt lupng chinh sdch va hieu qua thye thi chinh sdch tuy thupc rat Idn vao vipc thye hipn vai trd hoach dinh, quyet dinh vd gidm sdt chinh sdch cua Qudc hdi, dai bieu Qudc hpi. Hipn nay, vai trd, chuc nang, nhipm vu, quyIn hgn cua dgi bieu Qudc hpi trong quy trinh hoach dinh chinh sdch dupe quy dinh
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bdi nhilu van bdn ludt khdc nhau. TiJ ^^
nghien ciiu nhiing van de ly ludn ve trinh hoach dinh chinh sdch cdng d tren, c thi neu kn mpt sd gpi md nhdm gop P*^^
ndng cao nang lyc hogeh djnh chinh sach eua dgi bieu Qudc hdi nhu sau:
Thu- nhdt, dgi bilu Qudc hdi cdn phdt huy tdt han nua vai trd vd chdc nang thiet Idp nghi trinh chinh sdch.
Nhu da phdn tich d tren, thilt Igp^nghi trinh chinh sdch duac hiiu la tu nhu cdu vd yeu cdu cua xa hdi vd tii ddnh gid vd phdn dodn eua minh, dai bieu Qudc hpi xdc dinh vipc cdn xdy dyng hoae diSu chinh mpt chinh sach ndo dd dl gidi quylt vdn de xa hpi md ngudi dan vd xa hpi dgc bipt quan tam. "Vipc thye hien tdt dilu nay viia the hien tinh trdch nhipm vd tmh ddp ling eiia dgi bieu Qudc hdi trudc cir tri vd rJidn ddn, vira g6p phdn thiie ddy tinh dap iing vd tinh trdch nhiem ciia Qudc hdi vd bp mdy nhd nude.
Trong thdi gian qua, vl co bdn, dai bieu Qudc hpi da thye hien khd tdt vai trd vd chiic nang nay. Tuy nhien^ ben egnh nhiing uu dilm, van cdn mpt sd hgn che, the hipn cy thi Id mpt sd van dl gdn liln vdi nhu cau, yeu cdu biic thilt eua xd hpi ciing nhu lien quan din Ipi ich va cupc sdng cua ngudi dan ehgm dupe dua vdo nghi trinh ehinh sdch.
Do dd, dl thye hien tdt vai trd thidt lap nghi trinh ehinh sdch, dgi bieu Qudc hdi can: (i) tdng cudng tuong tdc yd tilp xue eii tri nham ndm bdt lap thdi vd ddy du tdm tu, nguy?n vpng cung nhu nhung phdn dnh cua eii tri;
(ii) dgi bieu Qudc hdi vd Van phdng Dodn dai bieu Qudc hpi cdn cd ea che de tdng hpp, tilp nhgn vd xii ly thdng tin do bdo chi phdn dnh; (iii) dai bieu Qudc hpi can chu dpng hon niia trong hogt dpng neu sang kiln lap phdp; (iv) tang cudng tuong tdc vd tilp xiic vdi gidi chuyen gia vd dpi ngii tri thdc dl Idng nghe cdc y kien, kien nghi cua hp vl cdc vdn de xa hpi hue xuc can quan tdm gidi quylt thdng qua chinh sdch; (v) dl cao trdch nhi?m cua dgi bilu Qudc hpi yd Qudc hpi ddi vdi vipc thdm tra^ cho y kiln ddi vdi dy thdo chuang trinh, ke hogeh xdy dyng phdp
CHINH SACH ludt do Chinh phu dl xudt. Tat cd nhiing bien
phdp neu tren Id nham gdp phdn ndng cao chdt lupng thilt lap nghi trinh chinh sdch ciia dgi bilu Qudc hpi.
Thir hai, phdt huy tdt vai trd gidm sdt ciia dai bilu Qudc hpi ddi vdi viSc thi hdnh chinh sdch trong cde ludt, phdp lenh, ngM quyet vd gidm sdt cac van bdn quy phgm phdp lu^t; ehu dpng trong xdy dyng phuang dn ehinh sdch vd thdm tra dy thdo ehinh sdch thudc tham quyen ban hanh cua Qudc h§i.
Tii thye tien d nude ta, trong budc ndy, dai bilu Qudc h$i cd ba vai trd ca bdn: (i) vai trd gidm sdt ddi vdi vipc thye thi ehinh sdch, phdp ludt md Qudc h$i ban hdnh vd van bdn quy phgm phdp ludt cua ca quan khac theo ludt dinh; (ii) vai trd xdy dyng phuang dn chinh sdch khi sdng kiln Igp phdp ciia dai bieu Qudc hdi dupe chdp thudn; (iii) vai trd ddnh gid, thdm tra ddi vdi dy thdo chinh sdch do ea quan ed tham quyIn xdy dyng vd Qudc hpi Id co quan ban hdnh.
D I gdp phdn phdt huy vai trd cda dai bieu Qudc hdi trong xay dyng chinh sdch cung nhu nang cao nang lye xay dyng chinh sdch eiia dai bilu Qudc hpi c£in quan tam din mpt sd van de sau:
(i) Thye hifn tdt vai trd gidm sdt ddi vdi cdc chinh sdch, van ban phdp quy eua cde co quan theo lugt dinh. Theo dd, dai bilu Qudc hpi cdn quan tdm vd ddnh thdi gian du miic de gidm sdt ddi vdi cdc chinh sdch quan trpng, li6n quan din loi ich vd cudc sdng cua ngudi ddn. DS thye hien tot yeu cdu nay, dgi bieu Qudc hdi cdn tranh thu phdt huy vai trd vd sy "trp giiip" ciia cde chuyen gia, cdc nha khoa hpe ciing nhu tich eye lang nghe, tiep nhan -y kiln, thdng tin tu phia xa hpi vd ngudi dan.
(ii) Thye hipn tdt vai trd xdy dyng phuang dn chinh sdch khi sdng kien chinh sdch vd Idp phdp dupe chdp thudn; tryc tiep xay dyng phuang dn chinh sdch hogc lanh dgo vi^c xdy dyng phuang dn chinh sdch Id mpt vai trd cua dgi bieu Qudc hpi. D^ thye hipn tdt dilu ndy, dai bilu Qudc hpi edn ndm rd cdc nguyen tdc trong thiet ke vd xdy dyng
phuong dn chinh sdch dl dh xudt vd lya chpn dupe phuang an chinh sdch phu hpp. Nhimg nguyen tdc ndy Id: ddy dii vl thdng tin; hp thong; tinh khd thi; dy bdo; ddn ehu vd hop phap. Trong dd, ddn chu la nguyen tie cot loi, cd tdc dyng hd hrp eho vipe thye hi^n cdc npyen tdc khdc. Vi vdy, dgi bilu Qudc h$i can coi trpng tham van y kiln ciia cdc td chiic vd ddi tuong lgi ich cd li6n quan, nh4t Id phdt huy vai trd tu vdn, phdn bien xa h^i eua Mgt tran Td qudc, cde dodn thi iihdn d ^ vd cde "think tank";
(iii) Chu dpng han trong thdm tra phuang dn chinh sdch do cde co quan ed lien quan xdy dyng vd Qudc hpi ed tham quyIn ban hdnh. De gdp phan ndng cao ndng lye hoach dinh chinh sdch, phia ca quan tham tra can ddnh thdi gian du miic de thdm tra, ddnh gid ddi vdi cdc dy thdo chinh sdch. Dgi bilu Qudc hpi Cling dya tren cdc nguyen tdc ca bdn cua thiet ke vd dl xudt phuang an chinh sdch da neu d trSn de cd y kien chdt lupng ddi vdi cde phuang dn ehhih sdch dupe nSu trong dy thdo chinh sdch. Dl ho trp cho dgi bieu Qudc hpi d phuong dipn ndy, cdn tdng cudng vai trd cua cdc ca quan tham muu, giup vipe eung nhu coi trpng phdt huy vai trd eiia cdc chuyen gia vd "think tank".
Thie ba,de cao vai trd vd trach nhipm cua dai bieu Qudc hpi khi Qudc hpi thdm tra, thdo ludn vd thdng qua dy thdo ehinh sdch.
Tren thye te, vai trd cua dgi bieu pudc hpi trong hogeh dinh chinh sdch cdng tiie hipn tap trung d budc ban hdnh ehinh sdch hay hpp phdp hda chinh sach. De phdt huy tdt vai trd cua dgi bieu Qudc hdi trong budc ndy ddi hdi nhieu yeu cdu khdc nhau, cy the Id:
(i) Quoc hdi edn ddnh thdi gian thda ddnh trong thdo luan, cho y kien vdo dy thdo chinh sdch;
(ii) Phdt huy ddn ehu trong thao ludn, ddnh gid ddi vdi phucmg an chinh sach, tdn trpng tinh da dang vl y kiln, khdng "quy chi^p", "chyp mii" ddi vdi nhiing ngudi cd y kien khdc;
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