TAP Citi KHO.A HQ<- TRl'tyNr; I).*L1 HQ< Ht'lNC Pt t - ^.tWgjgj.*'
DANH GIA TRINH DQ CONG NGHIEP HOA THEO HICVNG HIEN DAI TAI H I VEN THQ XUAN, TINH THANH HOA
Le VSn Tnromg', Lutmg Bi Hiing' TOM TAT
J 'dn dung khdi niem vd lieu chi ddnh gid lanh thd cdng nghiep theo hudng hi0n dgi cua nhihig nghien cuu trong vd ngodi nudc vdo dieu kien cu the cua huyen Thg Xudn. tinh Tlianh Hda. cdc tac gid di .xudt he thong tieu chi vd ddnh gid mire dg cdng nghiep hda theo hudng hien dgi huyen Thg Xudn theo phuang phdp linh diem cd trgng sd. Kit qud. den nam 2019. huven Thg Xudn dgt 86.94/180 diim, nghia Id gdn 1/2 chudn cua huyen cdng nghiep hda theo hudng hien dai vdo ndm 2030. Di hodn thdnh chudn huyen cdng nghiep hda theo hudng hien dgi vdo ndm 2030. Thg Xudn cdn Iiin hdnh nhiiu gidi phdp dgt phd de hodn thdnh cdc lieu cbisd I, 3. 4. 7 vd 12.
Tir khda: Ddnh gid. cdng nghiep hda, huy^n Thg Xudn.
I.DATVANDE
E>d dua nude ta sdm trd thdnh nudc cdng nghiep theo hudng bipn dai, Dgi hpi Ddng lodn qudc ldn thii XII (nhipm ky 2016 - 2020) da dua ra nhieu phuang hudng va nhipm vp, dong dd cd vipc xdc dinh hp tieu ehi nudc cdng nghipp theo hudng hipn dai [4], Theo linh thdn dy dd ed nhieu nghien cim de xdy dyng bp deu chi vd ddnh gia trinh dp cdng nghipp hda, hipn dgi hda (CNHD) eho ed nudc nhu Hpi ddng ly luan Trung uang, Dd (Judc Sam, Nguyen Ke Tudn... Tren co sd bp tieu ehi nudc CNHD va Hudng dan ciia ciia Bp Kd hogeh vd Dau dr, cdc tinh ciing da xdy dyng bp lieu chi tinh CNHD nhu Quang Ninh, Phii Thg, Thai Nguyen,
\liih Phiic, Thanh Hda [13]. Tuy nhien cho den nay tai Vipt Nam van chua thay nhung nghien cim xdy dyng bp tieu chi va ddnh gid uinh dp cdng nghiep hda theo hudng hien dai cdp huypn.
Nghien cim ciia chimg tdi vdi muc dich Id xay dyng bd tieu chi CNHD cho cdp huypn va ap dyng vdo ddnh gid trinh dp CNHD huypn Thp Xudn, tinh Thanh Hda.
2 NQi DUNG
2.1. Xa> dyng tieu chi huypn eong nghipp hda theo hirdng hipn dai 2.1.1. Quan niem \ i quoc gia. tinh vd huyen cong nghiep hda theo hudng hien dgi Trong kho tdng ngdn ngir \"ipt Nam hipn nay cd nhidu cdch gpi khdc nhau ve lanh thd (nudc. linh, huypn) cdng nghipp hda. hipn dgi hda nhu: lanh thd cdng nghiep hda lanh
Khoa Khihi hpc Xa A<Ji. Truang Dgi hpc Hong Dik-
• Tnnmg Trung hpc pho ihong Cdm Thuy 2. huy^n Cam Thu\. tinh Thanh Hoa
TAP c m KHOA HQC TRlf^NG DAI HQC H6NG DOC - S6 48.2020
hda la qud Uinh chuyen ddi can bdn, todn dipn cac hogt ddng sdn xuat kinh doanh, djch vy vd quan ly kinh te - xd hpi, tu su dung sue lao dpng ihii eong la chinh sang su dyng mpt cdch phd bien siic lao dpng vdi cdng nghp, phuang tipn, phuong phdp lien lien hipn dgi, dya Uen sy phai trien cua cdng nghipp vd tien bg khoa hgc cdng nghp, tao ra ndng sudt lao dpng xd hpi cao". Cdng nghipp hda khdng chi dan thudn phdt trien cdng nghipp md Id qua uinh kinh le - xa hpi tdng hgp. Cdng nghipp hda cua chiing la co nhung dae didm: Cdng n ^ i p p hda phdi nil ngan thdi gian, phdt trien nhanh de sdm dudi kip trinh dp cae nudc.
Cdng nghipp hda gan kel vdi hien dai hda, phdt trien cdng nghe mdi, cdng nghp cao, cdng nghp thdng tin, tiep cgn kinh te tri ihiic.
Ve qudc gia cdng nghipp hda, Dd Qude Sam (2008) cho rang: "C6 the giai thich mpt cdch dan gidn rdng, nudc cdng nghiep la nudc da hodn thdnh qua trinh cdng nghipp hda, hoge nguge lgi, cdng nghipp hda Id qua trinh Ud thdnh mpt nudc cdng nghipp, song rd rang Id djnh nghta nhu vgy khdng gidi quyet 6u(?c ngudn gdc ciia vdn de. Tuy nhicn, cdu uen ciing co y nghia d chd, trong hai khai nipm 'nude cdng nghiep' vd 'cdng nghipp hda' chi cdn djnh nghia ep the mpt khdi nipm, cdn khdi niem kia cd the ty suy ra duge" [8].
Ve qudc gia cdng nghipp theo hudng hien dgi, Nguyen Ke Tudn quan nipm: "Nudc cdng n ^ i p p iheo hudng hipn dgi Id nudc dd dat trinh dp phdt trien kinh le - xa hpi d giai dogn hodn thdnh cdng cupc cong nghipp boa, hien dgi hda. Phdt uien ddt nude thdnh nude cdng nghipp theo hudng hipn dgi gan lien vdi qud Uinh chuyen dat nudc tu trinh dp ndn kinh le ndng nghipp (hay lien cdng nghipp) sang trinh dp nen kinh le cdng nghipp, lu xa hpi ndng nghipp sang xa h0i cdng nghipp, di nen van minh ndng nghiep sang nen vdn minh cdng nghipp" [10]. Nguyen Huy Luang (2018) quan niem: Tinh/nudc CNHD Id tinh/nudc da sir dyng phd bien sue lao dpng kel hgp vdi cdng nghe, phuong phdp tien den, hien dai trong ede hogt dpng san xuat, kinh doanh, dich vu va qudn ly kinh te - xa hpi; cd co cdu GRDP/GDP vd CO cau lao dpng hgp ly; ndng sudt lao ddng xa hpi eao; xa hdi den bp vd cdng bang; mdi Uudng sinh thai dupe bdo ve; ngudi dan cd cugc sdng dm no, ty do, hgnh phiic [7].
Do huypn la mdt bp phdn ciia qudc gia va cua tinh, nen ddc trung co ban ciia huypn CNHD phai phan dnh ddc drung co ban eiia nudc vd linh CNHD, ddng thdi phan dnh duge cdc chuang uinh muc lieu qudc gia dang vd se trien khai. Vi vgy chiing ldi cho rdng:
Huy^n CNHD Id huyen sir dung ngdy cdng nhieu cdng nghe, phuang phdp lien lien, hifn dgi Irong cdc hogt ddng sdn xudt. kinh doanh, dich vu vd qudn ly kinh te - xd hdi; cd ca cdu kinh te vd co cdu lao dgng hgp ly; hodn thdnh xdy dung nong thdn mdi kieu mdu. cd ndng sudt lao dgng xa hgi cao; xa hdi tien bd vd cdng bdng; mdi trudng sinh thai duoc bdo ve; ngudi ddn cd cugc sdng dm na. lu dg. hgnh phuc.
Trinh dg CNHD cua mpt lanh thd Id mire dp dgt duge linh den mdt mdc thdi gian nhat djnh so vdi chudn lanh thd CNHD md lanh tfid dd hudng tdi cd ve kinh te, xa hdi va mdi tiirdng. Nhu vay ddnh gia trinh dp CNHD cua mpt huyen Id danh gid muc dp dgi duge ciia huypn so vdi ehuan CNHD md huyen hudng tdi. Trong trudng hgp ndy Id chudn CNHD ciia huyen dgt duge vdo nam 2030.
2.1.2. Tieu chi ddnh gid trinh dg huyen cdng nghiep hda theo hudng hien dgi
Can cu de de xuat tieu chi: Quan niem vd bdn chat ve Idnh thd CNHD Uen the gidi va Vipt Nam hipn nay. Vd gdn day nhdt la bdo cao Viet Nam 2035 Hudng tdi thinh vugng, sdng tgo cdng bang va dan chu ciia Bd Kd hoach va Dau dr - Ngdn hdng the gidi (2016) [9].
\ P t H I K H O A H Q C T R i r ^ G D A I H Q C H O N H i n C M^ji'J!?!"
Tham khdo cdc chi sd kinh te va lang trudng ciia WB nam 2018. Ddy la nhung chi sd duge dp dyng cho nhieu qudc gia uen thd gidi va cdc bp lieu chi \d tinh cdng nghipp ciia mpt sd tinh, thanh phd a Viet Nam da xdy dyng.
Npi dung eiia ede chuang trinh kinh te - xa hpi eiia Chinh phii nhu Chuang trinh xdy dung ndng thdn mdi kieu mdu, Chuang trinh gidm nghdo bdn vung...
Ndi dung vd tde ddng ciia cdch mgng cdng nghipp 4.0.
Dieu kipn thyc le eiia Thanh Hda: Hien nay Thanh Hda dang phdt tridn theo hudng md vd hpi nhap. Ddng bp, chinh quyen vd nhdn dan Thanh Hda eo khat vpng phdt trien rat mgnh me, phdn ddu den ndm 2030. Thanh Hda Ud thdnh tinh cdng nghipp, cd ket cau hg tdng kinh te - xd hpi ddng bp, timg budc hien dai; phii hgp vdi linh hinh thyc le vd xu the phdi trien ciia vimg, qudc gia, khu vyc ASEAN va qudc le (Quyet djnh sd 1629/QD-TTg ngay 14 11 2019 ciia Thii tudng Chinh phii Phe duypl nhipm vy lap Quy hogeh linh Thanh Hda thdi ky 2021 - 2030, lam nhm den ndm 2045). Tgp doan BCG (Hoa Ky) cung khuyen cdo tinh Thanh Hda ndi rieng vd Vipt Nam ndi chung can cd nhimg bipn phap manh, ndng cao khd nang va trinh dp ky thudt, de thu bin \ a giir lai cdc ddu tu nudc ngodi tren [ 1 ].
Dieu kipn thyc te ciia huypn Thp Xudn: Nam 2019, huyen nay da dgi chudn huypn ndng ihdn mdi \a hien da cd Quy hogeh xdy dyng viing Thp Xudn ddn nam 2040, lam nhin den nam 2070 vdi quy md ddn sd nam 2030 cd khoang 260.000 ngudi, Irong d6 dan sd dd Iht khoang 195.000 ngudi, ly Ip dd thj hda dgt 75%; den nam 2040, khodng 320.000 ngudi, trong dd ddn sd dd thj khoang 240.000 ngudi, ty Ip dd thi hda dat 80% [9].
Yeu edu eua bp lieu chi: Do hu\en Id mpt bp phgn ciia qude gia va ciia tinh, nen dgc trung CO ban cua huypn CNHD phai phan dnh dae trung co bdn ciia nudc vd tinh CNHD, dong thdi phdn dnh duge cae myc lieu qudc gia xay dyng ndng thdn mdi kidu mdu. Cu thd bp lieu chi huypn CNHD phdi ddp iing cac \eu cdu sau:
Cdng tac qudn ly, dieu hdnh phdt uien kinh id - xa hpi ciia cdp uy, chinh quyen cap huyen;
Phil hgp \a\ npi dung CNH, HDH vd xu ih6 phat tridn ciia cd nudc, nen phai kd thira tdi da cjc lieu chi ciia nudc. tinh CNHD;
Phdn dnh duge xu hudng thay ddi md hinh va phuang thiic CNH, HDH trong nhimg dieu kipn phdt tnen mdi ciia dat nudc \ a timg lanh tho;
Bp chi lieu huyen CNtlD phdi cd tinh dpng;
Phai bdo dam kha ndng ung dung trong thyc tS qudn ly cua tdt ed cac huyen va cho phep so sanh duge trinh dp CNHD giira cac huyen tai cung thdi didm, so sdnh trinh dd CNHD ciia mpt huypn tgi nhiing thdi diem khac nhau.
Ve sd lugng lieu chi: Sd lugng tieu chi cho qudc gia CNHD rdt khac nhau Trung Qudc vd mpt sd nudc Chdu A lya chpn 9 lieu chi, H. Chenery (1988) chpn 5 tieu chi [41 A. Inkeles (nhiing ndm SO the ky 20) gidi ihipu 11 lieu chi, GS. Do Qudc Sam (2008) d xudt 24 tieu ehi. Ban kinh le Trung uong (2014) dua ra 22 tieu chi [9].
Sd lupng lieu ehi eho tinh CNHD eiing rdt da dgng. Bp K6 hogeh vd Ddu lu (2014) dd xudt IS tieu chi. Thdi Ngu\en (2013) chpn 17 tieu chi, Thanh Hda (2013) IQ n" u- Hdi Phdng (2016) 12 lieu chi, Quang Nmh (2012) 18 tieu chi, Le Van Trudng (2019^ h
22 lieu chi cho Thanh Hda [9]. ^^^^
Lya chpn neu chi huypn CNHD: Theo quan nipm cua chiing tdi, sd lugng tieu h' ddnh eho cdp huypn phdi it hon sd luong tieu chi ddnh cho quoc gia vd cdp tmh, do quv -
T ^ P CHi KHOA HQC TRL^ONG B.JLI HQC H 6 N G P L C - S 6 48.2020
lanh thd nhd, qud trinh CNHD kem phong phii, hogt ddng kinh id - \a hpi kem da dang, khd ndng thu thgp vd luu trii sd lieu thdng ke cdn nhieu han che so vdi cdp qudc gia \a cdp tinh.
Trong nghien ciiu ndy chiing ldi chpn 12 tieu chi cung vd mdt sd tieu chi mem. Cac tieu chi cimg Id nhimg tieu chi bdt bupc. Cdc tieu chi mem la nhiing tieu chi tham khao, bd sung \a cd thd diay the tieu chi ciing trong dieu kien khdng the thu thap duge tieu chi cung.
Cac lieu chi cimg: cd 12 lieu chi chinh vd chia lam 3 nhdm.
Nhdm lieu chi ve kinh te gdm 5 lieu ehi: Tdng sdn phdm uong huypn (GRDP) binh qudn dau ngudi; Ty trpng ngdnh ndng nghipp (VANN) so vdi long gid tii lang them (VA) uen dia bdn huypn; Ty Ip dd thj hda; Ty Ip xd dat tieu chudn xd ndng thdn mdi kieu mau;
Ty upng lao dpng dang lam vipc trong ngdnh ndng nghipp so vdi tdng lao dpng dang lam vipc tren dja bdn huypn.
Nhdm tieu ehi ve xa hpi gdm 4 lieu ehi: Ty le lao dpng dang ldm \ lec da qua dao tgo (cd chimg ehi, bang cap); Chi sd phat trien eon ngudi (HDI); Ty le hp ngheo; Sd bde sT chuyen khoa I vd II tren I vgn ddn.
Nhdm lieu chi ve mdi trudng gdm 3 tieu chi: Ty Ip dipn tich ddt ldm nghipp cd rirng so vdi tdng dipn lich dat lam nghipp eiia huyen: Ty Ip dan sd duge su dyng nudc hpp vp sinh. Ty trpng chat thai (cdng nghipp, sinh boat, y le,) dupe xu ly, tdi che (%).
Cac tieu chi mem: Tiiy theo khd nang, dieu kipn ciia timg huypn, d giai dogn ed the td chue dieu tra, khdo sdt thu thap thdng tin de tinh todn bd sung them cac lieu chi sau: Sd thue bao intemet/dan sd; Ty Upng nganh cdng nghipp che tde trong GRDP; Hp sd bat binh ddng vc ihu nhap (GINI); Ty Ip chat thai (ran, Idng, khi, sinh hogt, cdng nghiep, y le) duge xif ly; Ty Ip chat Ihdi ran thdng thudng dupe xu ly dgt tieu chudn; Ty Ip chdt thdi nguy hai dupe xu ly dgt tieu chudn; Ty le chdt thdi y le duge xir ly dgt lieu ehuan [7].
2.2. Phuorng phap ddnh gid
2.2.1. Gid tri cdn dgt cua timg tieu chi cimg vdo ndm 2030
Muc chudn huypn CNHD it nhdt bang miic ehuan tmng binh ciia tinh CNHD. Trong nghien ciiu nay chung tdi xay dyng muc chudn ciia Thp Xudn bang miic chudn tinh CNHD ciia Thanh Hda vao nam 2030 da duge dd xdy dyng [9] va cd dieu chinh cho phii hpp vdi ddc didm ciia Thp Xuan. Ndu dat duge muc chudn dudi day ihi mdi tieu chi dai diem tdi da Id 10 diem (chua nhan trpng sd).
1) GRDP binh qudn ddu ngudi theo ty gid hdi dodi: dat 10.000 USD ud len.
2) Ty trpng gia tri lang them eiia ndng - lam - thiiy sdn Uong tdng gid tri tang them duge tgo ra tren dja ban huypn: dat < 10%.
3) Ty Ip do thj hda tir 75% trd len.
4) Ty Ip xa dgt tieu ehuan xa ndng thdn mdi kieu mau: 100%.
5) Ty trpng lao dpng dang ldm vide trong ngdnh ndng lam thuy sdn < 10%.
6) Ty Ip lao dpng dang ldm vide da qua ddo igo dgt lu 80,0% ud len.
7) Chi sd phdt trien con ngudi (HDI) 0,866 u d len.
8) Ty Ip hp ngheo dudi 1,0%.
9) Sd bde SI chuyen khoa I vd II Udn I vgn dan tir 12 ngudi txij len.
10) Ty Ip ddt ldm nghiep ed ning khep ldn dgt 100% dipn tich dai ldm nghiep.
11) Ty Ip ddn so dupe su dyng nudc hgp \ e sinh dgt 100%.
12) Ty trpng chat thai (cdng nghipp, sinh hoai, y le,) duge xu ly, ldi che > 90%.
53
T.\P CHt KHOA HQC TRlTdNG DAl HQC H 6 N G Dl (. ^ j j g j ^ "
2.2 2. Phuang phdp ddnh gid trinh do CNHD cua mgt huyen
Thang diem vd trgng sd. Chiing ldi su dyng thang diem 10 cho timg lieu chi- v e upng sd; cdc tieu chi 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 va 12 Id nhirng tieu chi quan Upng nen cd Upng so 1; cac deu chi 2, 3. 4 vd 7 Id nhiing tieu ehi rat quan Upng nen c6 Upng so 2. Rieng tieu chi I Id tieu chi ddc bipt quan Upng nen cd trpng sd Id 3. Nhu vgy ta cd tdng diem toi da dgt duge Id (7 x 10) + (4 x 10 x 2) ^ (I x 10 x 3) = 180. Trong dd, idng didm cua cac chi so kinh Id Id 100, cdc chi so xd hpi la 50 vd cdc chi sd vd mdi trudng la 30 Nhu vgy ddm bdo sy hdi hda giiia kinh le vdi xa hdi vd mdi trudng.
Phuang phdp ddnh gid. Doi vdi cdc lieu chi 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11 vd 12 duge tinh lodn theo ly I? phdn uam (%) uong bp lieu chi ca bdn eua huyen CNHD den nam 2030.
Vi?c tinh didm cua timg tieu ehi lgi mpt thdi diem cdn cu vao kel qud dgt duge thyc te cua lieu chi lgi thdi didm do so vdi gid tii cdn dgi (chudn) cua deu chi. Diem ciia cdc tieu chi nay duge linh theo cdng thuc sau: Kdt qud thyc hipn tieu chi thu i ciia huypn x 100 x ti-png so (1, 2 hoge 3) rdi quy ve thang diem 10.
Rieng ba lieu chi 2. 5 va 8 cd tuong quan nghjeh vdi ket qua thyc hipn dupe dp dyng eac each tinh sau: So diem ciia tieu chi 2 (ly upng gid trj lang them nganh nong n ^ i p p so vdi idng gid uj tdng them dudi 10%) duge tinh theo cdng thuc [100 - (VA ndng nghipp/VA loan huypn N) x 100 ] \ 100/90 x 2 (Ugng sd Id 2). Sau dd quy vd thang didm 10.
Sd diem ciia tieu chi 5 (ty Ip lao dpng dang lam vipc Irong nganh ndng nghipp so vdi tdng sd lao dpng dang ldm vipc tren dja bdn huypn dudi 30%) duge tinh theo cdng thiic [100-(Lao dpng NN/Tdngsd lao dpng) X 100] x 100/70. Sau do quy ve thang didm 10.
Sd diem eiia tieu chi 8 (ty le hp ngheo dudi 1%) duge linh theo cdng thiic (100 - Ty IC' hp ngheo) x 100/99. Sau dd quy \ e thang diem 10.
2.3. Ket qua danh gia trinh dp CNHD huypn Thp Xuan
Huypn Thp Xudn ndm vd phia Tdy Bac dianh phd Thanh Hda vd Id mpt huypn Idn ciia tinh cd long dipn tich d^ nhien 292,3 km", ddn so (2018) Id 220.625 ngudi. Thp Xuan vdi upng diem la khu vyc Lam San - Sao Vang da dupe tinh Thanh Hda xac dinh la mpt Uong bon viing kinh le dpng lyc ldm hgi nhan phdt didn lan Ida, thuc ddy kinh Id - xa hpi toan linh.
Huypn Thp Xudn khdng nhimg ddng vai ird quan Upng ve cdc mat kinh td, chinh Uj, van hda, \a hpi eua tinh Thanh Hda md edn cd gia trj dae bipt cdp quoc gia vd vdn hda lich sir vd an ninh - qudc phdng. Hien na\. sy phat trien ve hg tang co sd tren dja bdn huyen nhu Cang hdng khdng Thp Xudn. dudng Hd Chi Minh, Qudc Ip 47, 47B, 47C, dudng ndi khu kinh Id Nghi San... da thuc ddy qua Uinh CNH. HDH toan huypn cung nhu ede khu vyc dd thi khu chue ndng ddc diii nhu: thj trdn Thp Xudn, thi Udn Lam Son, thj tran Sao Vang, khu Du lich Lam Kinh, khu Cdng nghipp Lam Son - Sao Vang... Huypn Thp Xudn da va dang tich cuc thyc hipn 4 chuang dinh upng tdm, 3 khau dpt phd: xdy dyng huypn Thp Xudn ud thdnh huyen Ndng thdn mdi vdo Uude nam 2020; chuang Uinh gidm n ^ e o bdn vung giai doan 2016 - 2020: thuc hipn khau dot phd \ e phdt Uien ndng nghiep, ung dung khoa hpc c"
nghp. hinh ihanh vimg ndng nghiep cdng nghp cao, day nhanh idc dp dd thj hda tren dia b toan huyen. quy hogeh phdt tnen tdng the phdt trien kinh te - xa hpi ciia huyen den "
2025. djnh hudng den nam 2030. L BNT) linh Thanh Hda dd phe duypl Nhiem vu ldn hoach \a> dyng Vimg huypn Thp Xuan den nam 2040, ldm nhin den nam 2070 cd tinh ch^^
chue nang cua \Ting Thp Xudn Id vimg lang uudng xanh phat uidn kel hgp cdng . n" ' nghipp cdng nghp cao. djch \TJ. du lich cdnh quan sinh thdi vd van hda Ijch sir. phat tri""^
TAP c m KHOA HQC TRL ONG B.\l HQC H6NG PL C - S6 48.2020
kinh te - xa hpi mang linh chat ddng lyc Ian Ida, giao thoa giira ddng bdng, uung du va khu vyc mien nui phia Tdy linh Thanh Hda vdi nhieu ddu mdi giao thdng quan trpng [II].
Den cuoi ndm 2010, uinh dp CNHD cua huyen Thp Xuan vd kinh td dgt 25.60-100 didm, vd xd hpi dgt 30,60/50 didm vd vd mdi trudng dat 6,00/30 didm va tinh chung loan huypn dgt 61,66/180 diem, nghia !a bdng 1/3 muc chudn cua nam 2030.
Den eudi ndm 2015, trinh dp CNHD ciia huyen Thp Xuan \^ kinh td dgt 34,65/100 didm. vd xa hpi dgt 33,19/50 diem vd ve mdi trudng dgt 9.53 30 diem vd tinh chung cua todn huypn dgi 77,37/180 diem, nghTa Id ban 1/3 muc chudn ciia nam 2030.
Trinh dp CNHD ciia huyen Thp Xudn ddn eudi ndm 2019 vd kinh td dgt 36,38/100 diem, ve xd hpi dgt 37,47/50 diem vd ve mdi trudng dgt 14,22/30 diem vd linh chung lodn huypn dgt 87,77/180 diem, nghTa la gan Vi muc chudn chung ciia nam 2030, Dgc bipt, cdc lieu ehi I, 3, 4, 10, 11 va 12 dgt duge cdn rat thap.
Bang 1. Tong hpp ddnh gia trinh dp CNHD huypn Thp Xudn TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12
Tieu chi Tieu chi kinh te GRDP binh quan dau nguai >
10.000 USD.
Ty trpng NLTS trong GRDP tren dja ban huy^n <I0%.
Ty 1? do thj hoa >75%
Ty 1? xa dat ehuan xa nong thon moi kieu mau 100%.
Ty trpng LD dang lam viec trong nganh nong lam thuy san < 10%.
Tieu chi xa hoi Ty 1? lao dpng dang lam vi?c da qua dao tao > 80%.
Chi so phat trien con nguai (HDI) > 0,866.
Tyl?hO ngheo < 1%.
So bac sT chuyen khoa I va 11 tren 1 van dan: dat tir 12 nguoi tra len
Tieu chi moi Iruatig Dat lam nghiep co rung khep tan d?t 100% dien tich dat lam nghiep.
Ty le dan so dupe sir dung nuac hpp ve sinh 100%.
Ty trpng chat thai dupe xu ly, tai chj > 90%.
Tong cong
Trpng sova diem toi da 100 3(30) 2(20) 2(20) 2(20) 1(10) 50 1(10) 2(20) 1(10) 1(10) 30 1(10) 1(10) 1(10) ISO
Nam 2010 Gia tn
th\rc te 940
40 8,4 4,8 60 42 0,51 15,0 6 30 20 9
Diem dat dupe 25,06 1,88 13,33 2,24 0,96 5,71 30,60 5,25 11,77 8,58 5,00 6 3,00 2,00 1,00 61,66
Nam 2015 Gia tri
thi^c te 1670 30,00 9,0 9,75 55,1 50 0,53
7,7 7 55 27 12
Diem djt dupe 34,65 3,34 15,54 2,40 1,95 6,41 33,19 6.25 12,24 9,32 5,83 9,53 5,50 2,70 1,33 77.57
Nam 2019 Gia tri
thi^c te 1826 22,56 9,9 19,5 50,2 68 0,57 2,42 8 65 55 20
Diem d?t dupe 36,38 3,65 17,20 2,64 3,95 7,11 37,17
8,50 13,16 9,85 6,66 14,22 6,50 5,50 2,22
««,77 (Ngudn (IK (5). (6). (8). (10) UBND huyen ThgXudn [lOJ. [1IJ: (2). l3j. (5), (9) Cue Thong ke tinh Thanh Hoa: (II) Sdf Yte Thanh Hda: (4) Ijac lugng cua cdc idc gid lay 41 xa trudc ngdy 01-12-2019,
(12) So Tai nguyen va .Moi truang Thanh Hoa) Nguyen nhdn la Uong nhung nam qua, ciing nhu cd nudc, Thanh Hda vd Thp Xudn chju tac dpng, dnh hudng tieu eye ciia nen kinh le the gidi vd khu \TJC- Thp Xudn chua cd chii
T»P CHi KHOA HQC TRLrCfNG D»l HQC H6NG PI CjJ;iJigi?^
truang, chinh sdch mang linh dpi phd de nang cao Uinh dp CNHD; Cai cdch hdnh chitih huypn dat ket qud ehua cao; Huyen chua cd quy hogeh xdy dyng khu eong nghp cao; Thieu ehinii sdch khd Ihi de hdp dan, thu hiit cdc nhd ddu tu trong vd ngodi nudc; Ngudn lao dpng cnai lupng cao eon rat thieu; Chua dpng vien dupe cdc ngudn lye nhat Id nguon lyc ciia nguai dan de tap trung ddy mgnh CNTff) huypn; Tde dp ddi mdi, chuyen giao cdng nghp cdn hgn che.
2.4. De xuat cac giai phap nang cao trinh d$ CNHD huypn thp Xuan Ndng eao trinh dp CNH, HDH ciia mpt lanh thd bao gdm cae hogt dpng, cdc qua trinh ldm cho dinh dp CNH, HDH cua lanh thd dd tang len mpt lugng diem nhdt dinh sau mpt khodng thdi gian nhdt djnh. Trinh dp cdng nghipp hda theo hudng hipn dgi ciia Thp Xuan ndm 2019 mdi dgi gan V2 Uinh dp CNHD dgt ra cho nam 2030. Ddc bipl, cdc tieu chi I, 3, 4, 10, 11 vd 12 dat duge cdn rdt thdp. Chi cdn ban 10 nam nira dd Thp Xuan dgi chudn huypn CNHD, vi vgy Huypn cdn tap Uung thyc hipn cac giai phdp sau day:
Ndng eao nang lye qudn trj ciia chinh quydn cdc cdp vd xdy dyng chinh quyen doi mdi va sdng tgo;
Xdy dyng mdi trudng dau tu, mdi trudng kinh doanh thong thodng va lanh mgnh de ihu hiil ngdy cang nhieu doanh nhdn dau tu vdo dja bdn Thp Xudn;
Tgo dpt phd ve chdt lugng vd co cau sdn pham cdng nghipp, nong nghipp, djch vy vd du ljeh. Tgo sdn phdm dgt tieu chudn cua thj trudng Chdu Au, Bac My vd Chau A - Thai Bmh Duong de phyc vy xudt khau; Phat uien nganh cdng nghipp che bien ham lugng cdng nghp eao; hinh thdnh cdc khu che tac cdc sdn phdm mang thuong hipu dgc tnmg ciia Thg Xuan;
Thyc hipn hipu qud khdu dot phd ve phdt dien du Ijch, uu tien cdc dy dn nhdm giii chdn khach den khu di lich Itch sii hdng nam;
Xdy dyng nen ndng nghipp sgch, ndng nghipp cdng nghp cao;
Ddu tu kel cau ha tdng, nhat Id ha tdng dd thj; ddy nhanh Idc dp ung dyng cdch mgng cdng nghipp 4.0;
Tgp trung phdi trien ngudn nhan lyc; gidi quyet tdt cac vdn de ve lao dpng, vipc lam, gidm ngheo, an sinh \d hpi; uien khai ddng bp cdc gidi phdp ve bdo ve sue khde nhdn dan, ve dan sd vd phdt dien;
Ddy manh, xdy dyng vdn hda, eon ngudi phii hgp vd ddp img yeu cdu nang cao tiinh dp CNH, HDH, ddng thdi mang dam dgc trung van hda Thp Xudn;
Tang cudng qudn ly, sir dyng c6 hipu qud nguon tdi nguyen dat, nudc, khodng sdn;
chii dpng xay dyng ke hoach vd id chue thyc hipn img phd vdi bien ddi khi hau nhat la nhiing khu \ v c co nguy ca cao vd sgl Id dai, lu quel, lu ong, viing thodt lu, ddm bdo an loan cho san xudt vd ddi sdng ciia nhan dan.
3. KET LL'.A.N
Cdng nghipp hda vd hien dai hda la xu the tdt yeu ciia mpi qudc gia, dja phuone vd lanh ihd. Bp lieu chi ddnh gid tiinh dp CNHD ciia huypn vdo ndm 2030 gdm 12 tie h' cimg vd mpt sd lieu chi mem da phan dnh mpi each khdch quan, khoa hgc. toan die uinh vd khdi vpng CNHD ciia cdc huypn. Tinh den ndm 2019, tnnh dp CNHD ciia h Thp Xuan mdi dgt SS.77/180 diem, nghia Id gdn dat 1/2 chudn cita huypn CNHD vdo ZO.'IO. Dd hodn thdnh chudn CNHD vdo ndm 2030. Thp Xuan can phdi thyc hipn nhieu J " "
phap cd tinh chat dpt phd nham \ do thyc hipn tdt cdc lieu chi 1. 3, 4, 7 va 12.
T ^ CHi KHOA HQC T R C ^ G DAI HQC H 6 N G D l C - S 6 48.2020
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[I] Boston Consulting Group (2017), Baa cdo rd sodt. cap nhdt, quy hogeh tdng thi phdt trien kinh te - xd hgi huyen Tlianh Hda den ndm 2020, quy hogeh giai dogn 2021, tdm nhin den ndm 2040.
[2] Bp Ke hogeh vd Ddu tu (2014), Bdo cdo nghien ciru Bd lieu chi tinh cdng nghiep theo hudng hien dgi cua Viet Nam.
[3] Bp Ke hogeh vd Ddu tu, Ngan hdng the gidi (2016), Vi^t Nam 2035: Hudng ldi thinh vufrng, sdng tgo cdng bang vd ddn chu.
[4] Dang cpng san Vipt Nam (2016), Vdn kien Dgi hgi Dgi bieu todn qudc lan thu XII.
[5] Hpi ddng Ly luan Tnmg uong, Trudng Dai hpc Kinh le quoc dan (2015), Hgi thao khoa hgc; Tieu chi nudc cdng nghiep theo hudng hiin dgi.
[6] Huypn uy Thp Xudn, Vdn kien Dgi hgi Ddng bg huyen nhiem AT 2016 - 2020.
[7] Nguyen Huy Luang (2018), TTiwc trgng vd gidi phdp ndng cao trinh do cdng nghiep hda, hi?n dgi hda tren dia bdn huyen Phu Thg den ndm 2030, Tdm ldi ludn dn Tien sT.
[8] Do Qudc Sam (2008), The nag Id mgt nudc cdng nghiep. VNEP.
[9] Le Vdn Trudng (2019), Xdy dung bd tieu chi tinh cdng nghiep theo hudng hien dgi cho Thanh Hoa vdo ndm 2030, Tgp ehi khoa hpc Trudng Dgi hpc Hdng Due, Sd 43.
[10] Nguyen Ke Tudn (2016), Phdt trien ddt nudc thdnh nudc cong nghiep theo hudng hien dgi. Tgp chi Kinh te vd Phdi tridn, sd 233, 11/2016, U. 20-31
[II] UBND tinh Thanh Hda (2019), Quyet dinh So 2539/QD-UBNDphe duyet quy hogeh vimg huy4n Thg Xudn, linh Thanh Hda den ndm 2040. ldm nhin den ndm 2070.
[12] UBND huypn Thp Xuan, Sd lieu thing ke kinh li - xd hdi cdc ndm 2010-2019.
[13] Chen Jiagui, Huang Qunhui and Zhong Honguu (2006), The synthetic Evaluation and Analysis on Regional Industrialization, Journal of Economic Studies. Bpijing.6-2006.
[14] WB (2018), World Development Indicators.
ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF INDUSTRLVLIZATION IN THE DIRECTION OF MODERNIZATION IN THO XUAN DISTRICT, THANH HOA PROVINCE
Le Van Truong, Luong Ba Hung ABSTRACT
Applying the concept and criteria for evaluating industrial lenilory in the direction of modernization of domestic and foreign research into specific conditions of Tho Xuan district, Thanh Hoa province, the authors propose a system of criteria and assess the level of industrialization along with the direction of modernization of Tho Xuan district according to the weighted - pointed method. As a result, by 2019. Tho Xuan district had reached 88.77/180 points, meaning that nearly half of the standard of a industrialized district towards modernization by 2030. To complete the district's standard of industrialization towards modernization by 2030, Tho Xuan needs lo conduct many breakthrough solutions to complete criteria I, 3. 4, 7 and 12.
Keywords: Evaluating, industrialization, Tho .Kuan district.
* \gdy nop bdi: 23/12/2019; Ngdy giii phdn bien: 13/2/2020; .\'gdy duyet ddng 4 3/2020
