NGHI£N cuu
Hoat ddng tin dung doi voi h6 ngheo tai Ngan hang | Chinh sach xa hoi huyfen Thanh Thuy, tinh Phu Tho
Nguy&i Thi Dieu I M , GiSp Minh Nguyet Anh Nguygn TW Thu Ttang. NguygQ 1 0 ^ Hoa. Tlr^ Thi Dung
TYuong Dai hgc Tai nguyen va Moi tru6ng
Tin dyng la mdt pham trd kinh tg thg hl$n mdi quan hO gifla ngudi eho vay va ngudi di vay. Trong quan hg ndy ngudi eho vay cd nhigm vu ehuygn giao quyen su dyng lign hoac hang hod eho ngudi di vay trong mdt thdi gian nhdt dinh, khi tdi thdi hgn trd ng ngudi di vay ed nghia vy hodn trd sd tign hoge gid tii hdng hod dd vay kem theo mOt khodn lai. Tin dyng Id mOt hign lugng kinh te, nay sinh trong digu kign ngn sdn xudt hdng hod. Sy ra ddi vd phdt trign efla tin dung khdng ehi nhdm tiiod man nhu edu digu hod v6n trong xa hOi md cdn la mdt tde dgng thfle ddy tang trudng kinh te vd gdn ddy U'n dung duge xem nhu mOl cdng cy quan tigng tiong ehien luge xod ddi gidm nghdo.
1. Time tnm hoat flong tin duig doi vol ho ngheo cua NHCSXH huyen thanh Thuir giai doan 2016-2018
Trong nhung ndm qua, Ngdn hang CSXH huyen Thanh Thfly da chu ddng khai thdc, tdp tmng cac nguOn vdn, cac chi lieu ngudn vdn co bdn hodn thdnh so vdi kg hogeh dugc giao, dap tmg nhu eau vay vdn efla hd nghgo trgn dia bdn huygn.
Ngudn vdn efla Ngan hang CSXH huyen Thanh Thfly bao gom ngudn vdn til Tmng uong ehuygn vg, ngudn vdn huy dOng tgi dia phuong vd ngudn vdn do Ngan sdeh dja phuong hd trg, tiong dd ngudn vdn efla Tmng uong ddng vai trd ehu dgo.
Nguon von tu TW chuyen vi
dung tign dja bdn huygn vdn edn cd nhdt nhieu vdn dg ndy sinh cd tu phia ngudi thy hudng ehinh sach tin dung (ngudi vay) va bdn thuc hidn ehinh sach tin dyng (ede td ehfle tin dyng, cac cdp chinh quygn dia phuong va cde dodn thg ed lign quan dgn hogt ddng tin dyng) nhu cho vay khdng dting ddi lugng; muc vdn vay, thdi hgn cho vay cdn hgn che va chua phu hgp vdi tung d^
tugng, tung myc dich; higu qud su dyng von vay tiidp ddn ddn ng qud hgn eao, khd nang tigp cdn thdng lin cde ehuong trinh ti'n dyng eua hO ngheo edn hgn che, cdc chinh sdch ho trg khde dg ndng cao higu qud sii dyng vdn chua dugc quan tdm dflng mflc... Vi vdy, nhflng kgt qud dgt dugc chua luong xung vdi ngudn lyc bd ra, tde ddng eua ehinh sdeh tin dyng ddi vdi hd nghgo edn Uidp.
Ngndii Bio cao long kel HxadQiig cna NgSnIiAng CSXH hiiypiTlianliTI iiy
Trong 3 nam qua, Ngdn hdng CSXH huygn Thanh Thuy da thye hien tdt vige eho vay ddi vdi hd nghgo, ket qua eu thg nhu trong Bdng 2. Tinh hinh doanh sd cho vay efla ngdn hdng CSXH giai dogn 2016-2018 cd rat nhigu su thay ddi. Trong nam 2018 eho vay hd ngheo va hgc sinh sinh vign tiep tue giam, tiong khi cho vay hd mdi thoat ngheo, hd can ngheo vd h6 trg sdn xuat, chuyen nghg tiep tue tang eao. Vige chgnh lech Idn glQa eae gdi cho vay dat ra van dg Idn cho ngan hang. Qua dd nhan thay tiong qua trinh trign khai chinh sdch tin
BxQg I. n u b blnti doanb %t cbo vay cua NHCSXH hnj- glRldoan 2016-201S(trl$n<iang)
Cbo vay hp ngheo cho vay h^ cjii ugheo cho vay gjai qiiyet viec lim Cho vay hpc smh sinh vieu Cho vay (toi tinrng chinh sach di lao dpng niToc ngoai Cho vay na6c sach v? smh mfli tnions Cho vay hp ngheo ve otA a cho vay bp sau xuat Idnli doanh vimg kho khia Cho vay hp dong bao dSu t&c thieu so d$c bi^t kh6 khan cho vay Ihitoog nhan vimg k h o k b ^ cho vay ho tro san xuat va chuyen uehe Cho vay hp mdi Ihoil ngheo Tong doanh so cho vay
Ngiidti. Bdo edo tong kel hoi Nbn 2016 55.067 25.997 4 987 52.274 590 35 517 5 152 35 SSI 280 730 315 3.000
; apng ciia Nam 2017 Gia tri 55.925 38.837 4 934 42-069 340 45 416 4.973 37-330 135 630 270 9-700 Ngdn han
Ty 1?
(%)
1,53 33,0 -0.06 - 24.25 - 73.52 21.80 -3.6 3.88 -107.4 - 15.87 - 16.67
i CSXH In D niiDti Tbay
Nim 201S Gia tri 51.014 43.482 4 830 34.083 350 45.414 5.603 37 855 205 630 370
^4 770 248.606 n-en Tlion
Tyli -9.63 10,68 -3.19 -23.43 2.86 0,04 11.24 1,39 34.14 0 27.02 60,84 Tliiiv
2. Djnh hirdng ho tro' tin dung cho ho ngheo Mot la, Ugp tye trign khai cd hl§u qud cac chuong trinh chinh sdch phye vy hO nghgo theo quy djnh efla nhd nude. Uu tign hO trg hO nghgo, hd ddng bdo ddn tde thigu sd, ddng bao d cdc viing khd khan.
Hai la, hoan thign md hinh td ehiie, qudn ly, dieu hdnh d 3 cdp; tmng uong, linh, huy^n theo hudng lap tmng sy quan ly thdng nhat d tmng uong, tinh gidn cdc khdu tmng gian vd tdng cudng hogt dOng lai cdc digm giao djeh luu dOng d xa, thj trdn. Nang cao hieu qua phuong thue fly thdc tin dyng thOng qua cdc td chuc chinh tri- xd hOi, cd sy tham gia chi dgo, gidm sdt efla cdp uy, ehinh quygn dja phuong ede edp, tang cudng Veil trd kiem tra efla ehinh quygn edp xd.
Ba Id, tigp tyc thye bl^n phuong ehdm "Nha nude, doanh nghigp vd nhdn ddn cflng ldm" nhdm hinh thdnh ngudn vdn dn djnh, bgn vtmg dg dap flng nhu cdu vay vdn efla hd ngheo va cdc ddi tugng ehinh sdch.
Bdn la, chu trgng ddo tgo, bdi dudng ndng eao nang lyc chuygn mdn, nghigp vu, pham ehdt chinh tri, dgo due nghg nghiep cho dpi ngu can bd NHCSXH;
ddo tgo ndng cao nang lye cho ddi ngfl can bd lam fly thac, edn bO Td tigt kigm va vay vdn trong vide quan ty tin dung, kigm tra, gidm sdt, phdt hign, phdng ngfla nil ro, tu van, hudng ddn ngudi vay sfl dung vdn hieu qua
3 Mot so giai phap chu veu nham Say manh hoat dong tin dung cho ho ngheo tai Ngan hang CSXH huyen Thaiih Thuy - iinh Phii f ho
- Kigm sodt chdl ehg ede thfl tye cho vay vd qua trinh su dyng vdn efla hO vay
Ngan hang CSXH can phai kigm soat ky ludng cac thfl lyc va quy trinh cho vay, dac bigt Id vige binh xgt hg vay vd thdm djnh ddi vdi hO vay. Ddi vdi vige binh xgt, can phdi ddm bdo sy edng khai, edng bdng khi binh xet.
Thye hign nghigm ngat trong qua trinh thdm djnh hg ngheo khi duge xet vay vdn
- f)ap ling nhu edu vdn vay kjp thdi; gdn thdi han cho vay vdi muc dich vay
De vfla ddm bdo lgi ich efla hp nghgo, vfla dam bdo hogt ddng efla Ngdn hang vd dat duge mye tidu, cdn phdi phan logi hd ngheo va cd cac bign phdp lin dung phfl hgp : lai sual; mue vdn vay; thdi hgn vay;
phuong Ihflc cho vay; hd trg: ky thuat each lam an, thdng tin... ddi vdi tCmg ddi tugng.
Cd tiig phan logi hd nghgo thanh: HO rdt nghgo, HO ngheo gdn sdt vdi chuan ngheo; Hd cdn nghgo.
- Tang eudng vai trd lanh dgo cua cac cdp fly, chinh quygn; sy phdi kgt hgp chat che eua cac ban nganh, doan the
Td chuc tuygn tmygn bdng cdc hinh thfle: Td tiudng, edp HOI dodn thg luygn tmygn trong ede cuOe hgp sinh hogt Td TK&W, sinh hogt HOi dodn Uie. Cae td ehfle chinh tri - xa hdi Uiuc hien tdt hon nfla cac edng vige dugc NHCSXH uy thac bdo ddm cho vay dung chinh sdch dflng ddi tugng, giflp ngudi ngheo sfl dyng vdn dflng myc dich, higu qud cai thl^n ddi sdng vd ed ngudn vdn trd ng ngdn hdng.
- Tang cudng sy hd tig efla Ngan hdng, efla ede tO chuc khdc nham trang bj eho hp each thuc ldm an, each su dung vdn vay, k^ thuat san xudl, thdng tin thj tiudng, h6 tig gia ca va nii ro
Vide su dyng vdn vay khdng dflng mye dieh vay cQng phd bidn, nen hieu qud vdn vay khdng dat duge, hO nghgo roi vdo tinh tigng nghdo hon, tid thanh con ng va eang gia tang hon ve ly le ng qua hgn ddi vdi hd ngheo.
Day manh cae chuong trinh khuygn ndng, trg giflp kie'n thuc khoa hpc ky lhu$l, xay dyng kd hoach va phuong an san xudl kinh doanh, thdng tin thj trudng, gidi quygt khdu tidu thy, ehd bidn ndng sdn phdm eho cde hd ndng dan ndi ehung vd hO nghgo ndi rigng.
- Ung dyng cdng nghO thdng tin vao cdng tde qudn ly hd so, sd sdch vd vdn vay
Cdn ddu tu CO sd vdt ehdt, ndng eao trinh dd tin hgc eho ede don vj efla huygn de phye vu cdng tac quan Iy vdn vay ngdy cang cd hieu qua, dap flng dugc yeu edu nhigm vu.
- Hodn thien id chuc mgng ludi hoat dOng Bd sung hoan thign khung khd phap ly: Ndm bdt sdt boat ddng cho vay phuc vy sdn xudl kinh doanh, tigu dung efla ede TCTD, ddm bdo hogt ddng ngdn hdng ddp flng kjp thdi nhu cau tin dyng phye vu phdt trign kinh te xa hdi efla dja phuong vd nhu cdu tigu dung efla ngudi dan.
- Ddy manh hinh thfle tin dyng uy thdc qua cdc id chQe CT - XH
Chinh quygn eo sd da chfl ddng va ddnh nhieu thdi gian hon trong tiep xue vdi ngudi ddn, ndm bat duge tam tu, nguyen vgng, kip thdi giai quydt nhflng kho khan, vudng mac efla ngudi dan, gdp phdn giu vtmg dn djnh an ninh chinh tn, trdt ty vd an toan xa hdi tai CO sd".
Trong edng tae chi dgo dieu hanh, Ngan hang CSXH huyen ludn bam sdt cdc van ban ehi dao efla edp trdn vd tham muu cap uy, ehinh quygn dja phuong.
- Gdn vige eho vay vdn vdi ede hoat ddng djeh vy sau ddu tu
Vdi nhieu cdch hd tro sau ddu tu nhu: Bdo quan, ehg' bign ndng san; giet md gia sflc, gia edm; ehg tao thiet bl, Iinh kien, may ndng nghigp; sdn xudl sdn phdm phu trg.
H A U A T H A I
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NGHIEN CUU Sau khi giup ndng ddn djnh hudng cdng viec, nganh nghg phfl hgp cy thg. Lanh dgo huygn cung ede ban, ngdnh dodn thg chi dgo ba eon ndng ddn sdn xudt, dua cdc cdng ngh^, khoa hpc ky thuat vao sdn xudt nhu: ede logl gidng, k^ thudt gieo tiong, each cham sdc, cdch thu hogch va bao qudn giflp ndng ddn gidm thigu ehi phi sue ngudi sue efla ldm tdng nang sudt, dgt hl^u qud kinh td eao.
Ndng eao chat lugng ddi ngfl di ddi vdi cdng kheil hda, xd hOI hda hogt dOng efla Ngdn bdng ehinh sdeh xdhOi
Cflng ed, ndng eao ehdt lugng hogt dOng efla HOI ddng qudn trj vd Ban dgi dien Hdi dong qudn tri cde cdp.
- Thudng xuygn phat dgng phong tiao thi dua tiong loan don vj dg thuc day tinh thdn hdng say Idm viee efla lodn thg edn bd, edng nhdn vign hodn thdnh tdt nhigm vy.
- Thye hien tdt cdng tde ddo tgo, bdi dudng nghigp vy chuygn mdn cho edn bO ngan hang nhdl la vg k?
nang giai quygt eOng vi^e, ky nang giao tigp ting xu.
Chu trgng hinh thuc cho vay theo dy dn di ddi vdi tang mflc dau tu cbo hd nghgo
Tu ngay 1/3/2019, muc cho vay tdi da tgi mOl sd chuong trinh tin dung eua Ngan hang Chinh sdch xa hdi (NHCSXH) dugc nang Ign 100 trigu ddng. Cung vdi dd, thdi ban cho vay loi da cQng dugc ndng Ign 120 thdng. Nhu vay ed Ihg thdy, nhting ehinh sdch tin dyng uu dai dang ddn "bat sdng" kha nhip nhang vdi hoi thd eude sdng. Vige ndng muc cho vay tdi da ddi vdi chuong trinh hd ngheo, can ngheo, mdi thoat ngheo va cho vay phat trign kinh te - xa hdi vung ddn tOc thigu s6 vd mign nui efla NHCSXH nhdm tang khd nang tigp can vdn efla ngudi ddn lgi mpi vung mien trong ed nude.
- Tdng eudng hoat ddng kigm tia, gidm sdt sfl dyng vdn vay
Kigm tra kiem soat ndi bd edn duoc tigp tuc quan ldm thye hi^n thudng xuygn, lien lye vd di vao thye chdt. Thye hign nghigm tuc chuong trinh, ke hoaeh kigm tra kigm sodt ndi bd da xay dyng. Kip thdi chdn chinh va rflt kinh nghigm nhflng tdn tgi, sai sdt do cae Doan kigm tra ndu ra.
Thye hidn ehuong trinh, kd hogch KTGS efla Hdi ddng quan tn, NHCSXH, Chi nhanh da xay dung va chi dao cde don vi tham muu xdy dung, td chuc thuc hien chuong trinh kg hogch kiem tra, gidm sat ttmg nam.
Cdn cd sy quan tdm vd phdi hgp cua cae eo quan ed tham quygn cap tren
Dg phat huy vai Ird, nang cao hieu qud cua tin dyng chinh sdeh xa hdi, dae biet la tang cudng su lanh dgo, chi dao eua eae cap uy ddng, chinh quyen ddi vdi hogt
ddng tin dyng chinh saeh xa hOi, nhdt thidt phai dua nhigm vy lanh dgo efla edp fly, chinh quygn cac edp la mdt nhigm vy ehinh trong ehuong trinh, kg hogeh, boat ddng thudng xuygn efla cdp fly dia phuong minh.
Trign khai thye hien linh hogt va hieu qua cde co ehg, chinh saeh efla Tmng uong, eua tinh vg khuydn khich ddu tu sdn xudt; tigp tuc khuydn khich tgo digu kiOn cho cac thanh phdn kinh td ddu tu cac eo sd sdn xuat cde ngdnh hang tigm nang, ed Uii tixtdng Idn, hi$u qua kinh id - xa bdi cao nhu: Cdc m$t hdng xudl khdu, ehg bign ndng, ldm san, thuc phdm, san xudt vat li^u xay dyng, hang thfl cdng my nghg, hang co khi, hang tieu dflng, sdn phdm Idng nghe, sdn phdm hdng hda phuc vu du ljch... dg phdn ddu tang ty trgng san xudt CN-TTCN dam bao yeu cdu chuydn djeh eo cdu sdn xuat cho cac hd nghgo trgn dja ban huygn./.
Tai lieu tham l(hao
Bdo edo kel qud rd sodt, binh xgt, xde dinh hO nghgo, edn nghgo nam 2015 efla Ban ehi dgo giam ngbdo huyen Thanh Thfly.
Ngan hdng chinh sdeh (2016, 2017, 2018), Bdo cao tdng kdt hogt dOng ndm 2016, 2016 vd 2018 cua Ngan hdng ehinh sdch xa hdi Tinh PhQ Thg.
Phdng giao djch Ngan hang ehinh sdch (2015,2016,2017), Bao edo tdng kgt hogt ddng nam 2016, 2017 va 2018 eua Ngan hang ehinh sach xa hdi huygn Thanh Thfly.
Quan digm efla Ddng, nha nude vg xda ddi, gidm nghgo trong giai dogn hidn nay efla Dgi td, ThS. D$ng van Thi .Ngudn: Vign Khoa hgc xa hdi nhan van Quan sy - BO qudc phdng.
UBND (2018), Bao eao tinh hinh kinh tg xa hOl nam 2018, huyen Thanh Thfly, tinh Phu Thp.
