I KHOA HOC ^ E S B H M

I KHOA HOC ^ E S B H M

DOI M d i Tir DUY HAY DOI M 6 I CO CHE D £ NANG CAO HIEU QUA QUAN LY KHAI THAC CONG TRINH THUY LOT?

MOT SO KINH NGHIEM 6 TUYEN QUANG

PGS.TS. Doan The Loi Vien trudng Vien Kinh te vd Qudn ly thuy loi ThS.Nguyen Thi Binh Gidm ddc Sd NN&PTNT tinh Tuyen Quang

ThS. Dao Quang Khai Gidm ddc Ban QLDV thiiy lai Hd Noi Tdm tit. Ndng cao hieu qud hogt dong ciia cdc cong Irinh Ihuy lgi hien co phuc m tot sdn xudt nong nghiep. ddn sinh. kinh ti-xd hgi va bdo ve moi trudng sinh thdi duac coi la nhiem vu quan trgng nhdt Men nay cua nganh thiiy lgi. dac biet trong bdi cdnh tiep tuc cdi gidm ddu lu cong de dn dinh kinh iSvTmotheo Nghi quyil 11 ngdy 24/2/2011 cua Chinh phii. Irong do ddi mdi eg che qudn ly dugc cgi Id nhiem vu Irong tdm. Vdi dinh hudng tren Irang nhung ndm qua. nhdt la sau khi triin khai thuc hien chinh sdch mien, gidm thuy lgi phi Iheo Nghi dinh so 115/2008/NB-CP ngdy 14/11/2008 cua Chinh phit. Bg Nong nghiep vd PTNT dd ban hdnh nhieu chinh sdch mai lao eg sd phdp ly de cdc dia phugng doi mgi eg che qudn ly. Dd vd dang xual hien mgt so mo hinh qudn ly mdi. budc ddu dd mang lgi hieu qud rdi ddng ghi nhdn nhu mo hinh Ban Qudn ly du dn Bdc Vdm Nao (An Giang). mo hinh Ban Qudn ly dich vu Ihity lgi a Hd Ngi; mo hinh Ban Qudn ly khai Ihdc cong Irinh Ihuy lgi a Tuyen Quang: md hinh Hgp ldc xd dich vu nong nghiep cdnh dong 8/4 (xd BuonTria. huyen Ldk ) . Hgp tdc xd Thanh Binh (xd Dur kmUl-huyen Krong Ana) linh Dak Ldc; Hop tdc Xd My Hgi Dong- Huyen chg mgi .. ..

Tuy vdy, vdn edn nhieu dia phugng chira quyet liet trien khoi Ihuc hien ddi mdi eg che quan ty.

Vgy thi nguyen do Igi ddu khi chii Irugng vd chinh sdch da eg "tren da ho md dudi vdn chm img". Phdi chdng do dd quen vol ca che bao cdp. vdi 161 lu duy qudn ly tri tre. dua ddm nha nude, thieu kien quyel ... cua hg mdy qudn ly hien nay?. Phdi chdng mudn ddi mdi ca chi qudn ly Ihl Irudc hit phdi la dot mai lu duy qudn ly. ddc Met Id tu duy cua ldnh dgo, chi dgo. diiu hdnh qudn ly a cdc cdp. Bdi viet sau ddy xin cung bdn ludn vd chia se mgt sd y kiin vi qud trinh dot mai tu duy vd dot mdi ca che de ndng cao hl(u qud qudn ly khai thdc cong trinh thiiy lgi tqi tinh Tuyen Quang.

Summary: Enhancing the operational efficiency of available irrigation and drainage works to support better agricultural production, livelihood, socto-economy and eco-envlrgnment is considered as the most Important task gf Irrigation and. drainage sector, especially in context of continuing lo reduce public investment lo sustain macro economy as specified in Resolution no II on 24 February 2011 of government. To make strong Innovation step In field of management, exploitation of irrigation and drainage works, innovation of management mechanism is considered as a focal mission. Regarding ta

^ above direction mentioned, in recent years.

Ngiro, pl,anbi?n:TS. Nguyen Xuan Tiep particularly after Implementing the policy on Ngaynhanbai: 10/11/2014 . . r. . .'^ , , . r i A M„s,,.i,s— f I,.- n / . , / i n , < remissiou oj imgalion ond drainage fcc boseti Ngay thong qua phan bi?n: 17/11/2014 r, ,, mnnanm %T, U Ngay duy^t dang: 17/12/2014 "" '^'Sr<^' "° " S/200S/ND-CP on 14

November 2011 of government, MARD issued

26 TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H £ T H O Y LOI S(5 24 - 2014

I KHOA HOC ~ ^ E g S 3 ! B ! I ^ B many rules on management and exploitation of irrigation and drainage works with aims at changing management mechanism. There have emerged some new management models which have brought about considerable achievements such as models of Bac Vam Nao project management committee in An Giang; Irrigation and drainage service management committee in Ha Noi; Management and exploitation of irrigation and drainage works committee in Tuyen Quang; Canh Dong 8/4 agricultural service cooperative (Buon Tria commune, Ldk district and Thanh Binh cooperative (Dur kmul commune, Krdng arm district) in Bdk Ldc province; My Hoi Dong agricultural cooperative in An Giang province ....

However, some provinces are not determined to innovate the management mechanism. It is hard to understand the causes of this delay/reluctancy given the fact that the national government has provided direction. Is it like "senior call, but junior ignore (in English) and "tren da hd md dudi khdng ung in Vietnamese" or is it due to the mechanism of subsidy which has resulted in dependency, sluggishness, and reluctancey?Perhaps the innovation of the management mechanism should start with changing management thinking, especially thinking of the leadership. This paper will discuss some key points related to this process of change in order to improve effectiveness and efficiency of the management and exploitation of irrigation and drainage in Tuyen Quang province.

Key words: irrigation, drainage, management, mechanism, policy I. DAT VAN DE

Nang cao hieu qua hoat ddng ciia cac cdng trinh thuy lgi hien cd phuc vu tdt san xuat ndng nghiep, dan sinh, kinh te-xa hdi va bao ve mdi trudng sinh thai dugc coi la nhiem vu quan trgng nhat hien nay cua nganh thiiy lgi, dac biet trong bdi canh tiep tuc cat giam dau tu cdng de dn dinh kinh te vT md theo Nghi quyet 11 ngay 24/2/2011 ciia Chinh phu.

De tao budc chuyen bien manh me trong cdng tac quan ly khai thac cdng trinh thiiy Igi (QLKTCTTL), ddi mdi co che quan ly dugc coi la nhiem vu trgng tam nham: xda bd co che

"xin cho", xda bd hinh thiic quan ly theo menh lenh hanh chinh, xda bd hinh thiic phan phdi 'cao bing'; tach bach ro chiic nang quan ly nha nude va chiic nang dai dien chu sd hiiu nha nude; lam ro quyen ty chii ty chiu trach nhiem cua td chiic QLKTCTTL va quyen han, trach nhiem cua ngudi dung dau, khac phuc tinh trang cdng - tu lan Ion; tao ddng lyc phat huy tinh nang dgng sang tao cda can bd va ngudi lao ddng, gan quyen lgi vdi trach nhiem;

huy dgng cac td chuc, ca nhan cimg tham gia quan ly khai thac cdng trinh thiiy lgi, day

manh xa hdi hda quan ly thuy Igi phii hgp vdi CO che thi trudng cd sy quan Iy cua nha nude.

Vdi dinh hudng tren trong nhihig nam qua, nhat la sau khi trien khai thuc hien chinh sach mien, giam thuy lgi phi theo Nghi dinh sd 115/2008/ND-CP ngay 14/11/2008 cua Chinh phu, Bd Ndng nghiep va PTNT da ban hanh nhieu quy dinh mdi ve QLKTCTTL dl ddi mdi ea che quan ly nhu: Chi thi sd 1268/CT- BNN-TL ngay 12/5/2009 ve viec tang cudng cdng tac quan ly, khai thac cdng trinh thuy lgi;

Thdng tu sd 65/2009/TT-BNNPTNT ngay 12/10/2009 Hudng dan td chiic hoat ddng va phan cap quan ly, khai thac cdng trinh thuy lgi; Quylt dinh sd 2891/QD-BNN-TL ngay 12/10/2009 Hudng dan xay dung dinh miic kinh tl; Thdng tu sd 56/2010/TT-BNNPTNT ngay 01/10/2010 Hudng dSn mdt sd ndi dung trong hoat ddng ciia cac td chiic QLKTCTTL ma trgng tam la hudng dan cu thi viec thyc hien co che dat hang; Thdng tu sd 40/2011/TT-BNNPTNT ngay 27/5/2011 Quy dinh nang luc cua td chiic, ca nhan tham gia QLKTCTTL v.v. Cd thi ndi ca chi QLKTCTTL d tam vi md den thdi dilm nay la tuong ddi day dii, ddng bd va phii hgp vdi chu

TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E T H O Y LOI S<5 24 - 2014

KHOA

H0C^]^^^IM!Ell9

truong, dinh hudng ddi mdi vl quan ly s ^ xuSt cung ling san p h ^ dich vu cdng ich theo CO chi thi trudng va hdi nhap kinh tl qudc te.

Thuc hien cac quy dinh mdi eiia nha nude va cua Bd Ndng nghiep & PTNT, mdt sd dia phuang quylt liet chi dao ddi mdi co chi quan ly cho phii hgp vdi tinh chat, dac diem cac cdng trinh thuy lgi d timg vimg, mien nham nang cao hieu qua hoat ddng ciia cac cdng trinh thily lgi. Mdt sd md hinh quan ly mdi da va dang phat huy tdt hieu qua rat dang ghi nhan nhu md hinh Ban Quan ly dy an Bac Vam Nao (An Giang), md hinh Ban Quan ly djch vu thuy lgi d Ha Ndi; md hinh Ban Quan ly khai thac cdng trinh thuy Igi d Tuyen Quang; md hinh Hgp tac xa dich vu ndng nghiep canh ddng 8/4 (xa BudnTria, huyen Lak) Hgp tac xa Thanh Binh (xa Dur kmiil- huydn Krdng ana) tinh Dak Lac; Hgp tac xa My Hdi Ddng- Huyen Chg mdi Day la nhutig diln hinh mdi cd tinh dot pha ve each nghT va each lam can dugc chia se de nhan r^ng trong pham vj ca nude.

Tuy vay, nhdm nghien ciiu cho rang vdi cae ket qua dat dugc nhu hien nay la chua dap ling dugc yeu cau Bd Ndng nghiep &

PTNT; van cdn nhieu dia phuong, nhieu td chiic QLKTCTTL chua cd budc chuyen bien tich eye trong cdng tac QLKTCTTL;

chua thuc hien day du cac quy dinh cua Nha nude va cua Bg Ndng nghiep &

PTNT; tinh trang "tren bao- dudi khdng nghe" van cdn nhieu... Vay thi nguyen do tai dau khi mdt chu truong chinh sach diing

"tren da hd ma dudi khdng img" Phai chang do da quen vdi co che bao cip cimg vdi loi tu duy quan ly tri tre, dua dam nha nude, thieu kien quyet ... ciia bd may quan ly dilu hanh hien nay...?. Phai chang mudn ddi mdi co ehl QLKTCTTL trudc hit phai la ddi mdi tu duy quan ly, dac biet la tu duy ciia bd may lanh dao, chi dao, dieu hanh quan ly d eac cip.

II. DOI Mdl TU^ DUY HAY DOI MOl CO cut QUAN LY DE NANG CAO Hl£U QUA QUAN LY KHAI THAC CONG TRiNH THUY L<?fl

Tu duy theo each hilu thdng thudng la ndi din each nhm, each suy nghi, tii dd de ra each lam (each td chiic, each quan Iy, each hanh dgng) tdt nhat cd CO sd khoa hgc, phii hgp vdi thuc tiln. Ddi mdi tu duy quan ly la ddi mdi each nghi each lam da qua Idi thdi va lac h^u, khdng phii hgp vdi thuc tidn bing tu duy mdi tich eye, mang tinh each mang, d^t pha dem lai hieu qua cao. Thi nhung ddi mdi tu duy la qua trinh rkt khd vi tu duy dugc hinh thanh bdi nhiJng nilm tin va cac gia dinh da an sau vao tilm thiic, va cang khd thay ddi hon nlu no diln ra phd biln trong xa hdi. Nha kinh tS hgc Idn nhit ciia thi kf 20 la John Maynard Keynes da timg nhan xet; "Khd khan khong phai d each tu duy mdi, ma d vigc thoat khdi dugc each nghi cii...". Hon niia khi thay doi tu duy, thay ddi each nghi each lam mgt sd it ngudi thudng sg va cham, sg anh hudng tdi quyen lgi, lgi ich ciia chinh minh hoac cua mot nhdm ngudi. Chinh vi vay, khi ddi di?n vdi cac tri tre ach tac trong quan ly, chiing ta thudng dd Idi cho "co che" ma it ai thay trach nhiem dau tien chinh la bd may quan ly, dieu hanh vdi tu duy bao thu va tri tre.

Theo Tu dien Tieng Viet ca ehl la "each thirc sap xIp td chiic de lam dudng hudng, co sa theo do ma thyc hien". Co ehl la cac luat chai (rules of the games) gdm nhung thi le cd tinh each phap ly hoac nhihig ehinh sach, nhihig quy dinh cua nha nude lam nin tang cho hoat ddng cua cac tac nhan trong timg ITnh vyc ciia xa hgi. Quan ly dugc hilu la td ehiic va dilu khien cac hoat dgng theo cac yeu ciu da dl ra, CO chi quan ly la cac qui dinh vl quan ly.. Nhu vay thi ca ehl quan Iy la toan bd h? thdng vSn ban phap quy cua Nha nude quy dinh ve quan ly va dilu hanh hoat ddng eiia mgt td chiic, mdt ITnh vyc va cua ca xa hgi. Vi vay, de quan

28 TAP CH( KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H £ T H O Y LOI S 6 24 - 2014

KHOA HOC I B i l Ul IJl l!l ^ ly va dieu hanh kinh te cd hieu qua thi phai

thudng xuyen ddi mdi co che quan ly. Ngudi ta chi cd the tao nen cai co che cho sy sang tao xuat hien, chii khdng the ke hoach hda cai gi se dugc sang tao.

Thyc tiln da chi ra rang, mdt cudc ddi mdi thanh cdng chi cd the dien ra neu hgi du ba ylu td then chdt dd la: sy tran trd va quan tam dac biet cua xa hdi; tam nhin, y chi chien luge va tam huyet cua ngudi lanh dao; thyc tien qua cae thir nghiem nang ddng cd tinh dot pha d cip eo sd. Trong ba yeu td tren, yeu td thii hai va thii ba cd vai trd dac biet quan trgng quyet dinh sy thanh cdng cua mdt cdng cudc ddi mdi. Tinh nang ddng va nhiing thu nghiem cd tinh dot pha cua ca nhan, td chiic d co sd la tien de de thiic day ddi mdi tu duy, nhan thiic; cung vdi tam nhin, y chi, tri tue, tam huyet ciia ngudi lanh dao la nen tang de nay nd sang tao, nay nd tu duy mdi tir dd thay ddi each nghT each lam, thuc tien gan 30 nam ddi mdi kinh te d nude ta da minh chung dieu dd. Tam anh hudng ciia ngudi lanh dao, quan ly la rat Idn, neu vin giii' Idi tu duy "bao thii, tri tre, nude den chan, mdi nhay"; tu duy "dai khai, tiiy tien" khdng tdn trgng ky luat, ky cuong thi se khdng cd ddi mdi. Han chiing ta van nhd Idi day eiia Bac Hd ddi vdi cac can bg quan ly "Trong bat cii viec nao, he chii truong la mgt thi bien phap thyc hien phai la 10 va quyet tam la 20", chu truong phai di ddi vdi nhieu bien phap va quyet tam phai rat cao, phai lam den noi den chdn mgi viec thi mdi gianh dugc thang lgi.

Qua trinh ddi mdi cdng tac QLKTCTTL tren dia ban tinh Tuyen Quang (1996-2012) cd the la cau tra Idi de minh giai cho chu de "Ddi mdi tu duy hay ddi mdi ca che quan ly de nang cao hieu qua QLKTCTTL?"

2.1. Qua trinh doi mdi cong tac quan Iy khai thac va bao ve cdng trinh thuy lgi tai tinh Tuyen Quang

Tuyen Quang la tinh mien niii cd tdng dien tich ty nhien la 587.400 ha ttong dd dit ndng nghiep

82.652,56 ha (14%), dit lam nghiep ed rimg 445.848 ha (76%), dit d 5.156 ha va dit chua sii dung 26.765 ha. Dan sd cua toan tinh la 728.900, cd 7 don vi hanh chinh la Thanh phd Tuyen Quang va 6 huyen (Chiem Hoa, Ham Yen, Na Hang, Son Duong, Yen Son va Lam Binh) gdm 141 dan vi cap xa. La tinh mien mii nen dia hinh phiic tap, bi chia eat bdi hon 500 sdng sudi Idn nhd nen giao thdng di lai khd khan. Dien tich dat ndng nghiep phan bd dan trai, phan tan tren mdt pham vi rgng, it cd cac khu vyc san xuat tap trung Idn, dat trdng liia la 26.577 ha, trdng mau 19.266 ha, nudi trdng thuy san 1.849 ha. Vi vay Tuyen Quang cd rat nhieu cdng trinh thuy Igi va hau het la cdng trinh nhd. Tinh den cudi nam 2011, toan tinh Tuyen Quang 2.727 cdng trinh thiiy lgi cd dien tich tudi > Iha, bao gdm: 509 hd chiia nude, 851 dap dang da xay, 213 dap dang rg thep, 77 tram bom cac loai, 1.077 cdng trinh cd dau mdi la phai tam va muong ty chay va 3.449 km kenh (cd dien tich tudi tir >1 ha) trong do cd 1.921 km kenh xay va 1528 km kenh dat dam bao tudi chac cho 16.901,4 ha liia ddng xuan, 19.403,0 ha liia miia, 2.938 ha rau mau va cap nude eho 218,9 ha nudi trdng thuy san.

Cac cdng trinh thuy lgi tren dia ban co ban dap ling dugc yeu cau tudi tieu phuc vu san xuat ndng nghiep va dan sinh kinh te xa hgi.

Quan ly khai thac tdt cdng trinh thuy lgi hien cd da dugc UBND tinh xac dinh la nhiem vu het sue quan trgng de phat trien ndng nghiep, giu viing dn dinh chinh tri xa hdi, dac biet la thyc hien chii truong xda ddi giam ngheo.

Trong gan 2 thap ky, Tuyen Quang ludn quan tam den viec ddi mdi ca che chinh sach, nang cao hieu qua hoat ddng eua cac cdng trinh thuy lgi nhat la thyc hien chinh sach xa hdi hda cdng tac quan ly thuy lgi. Da ed nhieu co quan td chiic trong va ngoai nude ve nghien ciiu, hgc tap kinh nghiem ciia Tuyen Quang.

Nhdm tac gia viet bai nay phan chia qua trinh ddi mdi cdng tac QLKTCTTL d Tuyen Quang thanh 2 giai doan.

TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E T H O Y L O I S 6 24 - 2014 29

KHOA HOC II^SSBIBiI^B

Giai doan ddi mdi tir duy de phat trien (1995-2011): Trong nhiing nam diu cua thap ky 1990, tinh hinh kinh tl - xa hdi nude ta gap nhilu khd khan, kinh phi dau tu cho nganh thuy lgi han chi, hoat ddng cua hau hit cac cdng ty thuy ndng ndi chung va cdng ty thuy ndng Tuyen Quang ndi rieng gap rat nhieu khd khan; nhieu cdng trinh khdng cd vdn tu siia nen xudng cap nghiem trgng, dien tich tudi tieu ngay cang giam siit, chat lugng tudi khdng bao dam, thuy lgi phi that thu (hang nam chi thu dugc 450-500 tin) nen ddi sdng ciia cdng nhan thiiy ndng het siic khd khan.... Tinh trang do da anh hudng Idn den san xuat ndng nghiep va anh hudng tryc tiep den cugc sdng ciia ba con ndng dan dac biet la cac xa vimg sau viing xa. Dung trudc khd khan, thach thiic dd lanh dao tinh Tuyen Quang da chgn cho minh mdt each tiep can mdi, mdt tu duy mdi de khai thac cd hieu qua cac cdng trinh thiiy Igi do la dya vao cdng ddng. Bang mdt quyet dinh het siic tao bao, cd tinh dot pha la giai the Cdng ty thuy ndng va ban giao toan bd cac he thdng thuy Igi cho cac Xa, Hgp tac xa ndng- lam-nghiep va Ban Quan ly cdng trinh thiiy Igi quan ly (Quyet dinh sd 142/QD-UB ngay 19/01/1996) ddng thdi tien hanh ciing cd ddi mdi td chuc quan ly thuy ndng co sd.

Sau han 16 nam ddi mdi, Tuyen Quang dugc danh gia la mgt dien hinh, tiln tiln vl QLKTCTTL. Vdi phuang cham phan cip manh, phan cap triet de nham huy dgng sy tham gia cua ngudi hudng Igi va ddi mdi co che quan ly vdi quan diem trao quyln ty chu, ty chiu trach nhiem cho td chiic thiiy ndng co sd, thyc hien nguyen tac cdng khai, minh bach ... da nhan dugc sy ddng tinh iing hd manh me cua nhan dan. Ngudi hudng Igi dugc tryc tilp tham gia trong tat ca cac khau tir xay dung din quan Iy, khai thac, bao ve cdng trinh da giam dang ke vdn dau tu cua nha nude. Cdng trinh dugc cung cd nang cip ngay cang tdt han, ngudn nude tudi ludn dam bao, dien tich tudi ngay tang len tao dilu kien thuan Igi dl ap dung gidng mdi, tham canh tang vu, gdp phin

tang nang suat, san lugng cay trdng va thuc day chuyen ddi co cau cay trdng vat nudi v^

thuy Igi phi thu dugc ngay cang nhieu hon Tdng kit danh gia sau 10 nam ddi mdi tir 1996-2007 vdi cac ket qua hit siic in tugng:

Dien tich tudi chic tang 6.383,6 ha (tii 10.387 ha len 16.770,6 ha), vu miia tang 6.069,1 ha (tir 12.377 ha len 18.446,lha); Chit lugng tuoi tieu ngay cang tdt nen thuy lgi phi thu dugc ngay cang nhilu. Sd thiiy lgi phi thu dugc (quy thdc) ciia toan tinh trong nam 1996 la 750 tan thi nam

1997 la 2.470 tin; nam 1998 la 3.000 tkn, tir nam 2000 trd di mdi nam binh quan gan 5.000 \ki (gap tren 6 lan so vdi nam 1996).

Cd the ndi cac thanh qua to Idn da dat dugc trong nhiing nam qua la do su quan tam lanh dao, chi dao sat sao ciia cap uy Dang va chinh quyen cac cap, sy vao cugc ciia cac nganh va CO quan chuyen mdn tir tinh den co sd, "dac biet la sy ddng thuan ciia ba con ndng dan cung chung siic, chung tay thue hien. Kit qua dat dugc da minh chiing cho each tilp cSn diing dan la dya vao cgng ddng nhu Hd chii Tich da day "De tram Ian khdng dan ciing chju, khd van lan dan lieu cung xong", theo phuang cham "dan bilt, dan ban, dan ddng gdp, dan lam, dan kilm tra, dan hudng lgi".

Tuy vay, Nhdm nghien ciiu cho ring nhan tl quan trgng nhat cd tinh quylt djnh va ciing la cdi ngudn cua sy thanh cdng bit diu tir ddi mdi tu duy cua ngudi lanh dao quan Iy, ciing vdi tam nhin chien luge, y chi va tam huylt cao ddi vdi cdng tac QLKTCTTL.

Giai doan cung cd va hoan thien {tir 2011 den nay): Mac dii da dat dugc nhilu thanh tich trong quan ly khai thac va bao ve cdng trinh thiiy lgi nhung trong qua trinh phat trien, cung vdi qua trinh ddi mdi co ehl chinh sach cua Nha nude, md hinh va co ehl quan ly bit dau bdc Id mgt sd khilm khuylt, nhit la tir khi thuc Men chinh sach miln giam thuy lgi phi theo Nghi dinh sd 115, mac dii eac Ban quan ly cong trinh thuy Igi thyc hien tuang ddi tdt nhiem vu quan Iy nude, quan Iy va bao ve

30 TAP CHf KHOA HOC VACONGNGHeTHOYLOl 5(524-2014

KHOA HOC cdng trinh co ban dap ling yeu cau phuc vu san

xuat. Tdn tai Idn nhat la viec quan Iy su dung ngudn thuy lgi phi cap bii cd noi cdn chua chat che, nhieu Ban quan ly chua quyet toan dugc sd kinh phi cap bii thuy Igi phi da chi eho cdng tac quan ly, khai thac va duy tu bao dudng cac cdng trinh. Hon nua vdi sd dau mdi don vi quan ly thuy ndng co sd nhieu nen viec kilm tra, giam sat, nam bat thdng tin cua cac co quan quan ly nha nude gap nhieu khd khan.

De thao go cac vudng mic tren, UBND tinh Tuyen Quang quyet djnh ddi mdi, hoan thien md hinh td chiic va co che quan ly nhim cimg cd, kien toan cac don vi QLKTCTTL phii hgp giai doan phat trien mdi vdi muc tieu ehinh la:

quan Iy khai thac bin vutig cac cdng trinh thuy lgi phuc vu tdt san xuSt; he thdng cdng trinh thu;J' Igi ngay cang hoan thien va phat trien de dap ling yeu cau san xuat ndng nghiep cung nhu cac nganh kinh te khac; tiep tuc timg budc xa hgi hda cdng tac QLKTCTTL, gdp phan thyc hi?n thang lgi chuong trinh muc tieu qudc gia xay dyng ndng thdn mdi; tang cudng cdng tac quan ly cua cac eo quan nha nude ve khai thac, bao ve cdng trinh thuy lgi; giam sat chat che ngudn cap bii thuy lgi phi, ngudn thu thuy lgi phi de sii dung diing muc dich, diing quy dinh va hieu qua (day la mdt ngudn luc quan trgng cua tinh de bao dam cho edng trinh thuy Igi hoat ddng dn dinh va ben viing). Cd the coi day la budc ddi mdi tu duy lan thii hai.

BB dat dugc cac muc tieu tren, nam 2011 Sd Ndng nghiep & PTNT Tuyen Quang da xay dyng va trinh UBND tinh phe duyet De an

"Nang cao hieu qua quan ly, khai thac va bao ve cdng trinh thuy Igi" vdi ndi dung chinh la eung CO, kien toan md hinh td chirc QLKTCTTL phu hgp vdi dieu kien thue te cua tinh; phan cap QLKTCTTL chat che, ddng bd; quy dinh ro nhiem vu, quyen han cua cac co quan, don vj de thuc hien tdt cac nhiem vu quan ly nude, quan ly va bao ve cdng trinh va quan ly kmh te, chii trgng cdng tac quan ly, bao ve va bao dudng, siia chiia nang cap cdng trinh; tang cudng edng tac quan Iy nha nude; nang cao nang lyc cho cac

don vi quan ly cdng trinh thuy lgi.

De cimg trao ddi, chia se kinh nghiem gya cac dia phuang ve ddi mdi md hinh td chiic va co chi QLKTCTTL, trong bai viet gidi thieu ve md hinh td chiic va co che quan ly mdi tai tinh Tuyen Quang theo phuong thiic dat hang.

2.2. Md hinh td chuc quan Iy khai thac va bao ve cong trinh thuy lgi tinh Tuyen Quang theo phirong thirc dat hang.

Ngay 31/10/2011, UBND tinh Tuyen Quang da ra Quylt dinh sd 397/QD-UBND thanh lap Ban Quan ly khai thac cong trinh thuy Igi Tuyen Quang (vilt tit Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang) tren co sd cung cd, sap nhap Ban Quan Iy cdng trinh thuy Igi Hoang An Ludng va Ban Quan ly cdng trinh thuy lgi Ngdi La true thudc Chi eye Thuy Lgi - Sd Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thdn. Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang la don vi sy nghiep tryc thudc Chi cue Thuy Lgi - Sd Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thdn thyc hien chiic nang QLKTCTTL tren pham vi toan tinh. Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang CO tu each phap nhan, ed con dau va dugc md tai khoan theo quy dinh va ty dam bao kinh phi hoat ddng theo Nghi dinh sd 43/2006/ND-CP ngay 25/4/2006 eua Chinh phu quy dinh quyen tu chu, tu chiu trach nhiem ve thuc hien nhiem vu, td chiie bd may, bien che va tai chinh ddi vdi don vi su nghiep cdng lap.

Theo Quylt dinh sd 397/QD-UBND ngay 31/10/2011 cua UBND tinh, Sd Ndng nghiep

&PTNT se ky hgp ddng dat hang vdi Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang thuc hien nhiem vy quan ly, khai thac toan bg cac cdng trinh thuy lgi trong toan tinh de phuc vu san xuat. Can cii vao hgp ddng va du toan dat hang da dugc phe duyet. Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang ky hgp ddng dich vu QLKTCTTL vdi cac Ban Quan ly cdng trinh thuy lgi lien xa, xa (ggi tat la Ban QLCTTL CO sd) theo sd lugng cdng trinh va dien tich tudi tieu dugc giao; giam sat viec thyc hien hgp ddng, thanh ly hgp ddng va viec sir dung kinh phi dugc cap theo hgp ddng (tir ngudn cap bii thuy lgi phi) cho cdng tac quan

TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E T H O Y L O I S 6 24 - 2014

KHOA HOC ^ E S B i B i I ^ B

ly, bao dudng, phat dgn, nao vet, tu sua, nang cap cdng trinh theo quy djnh. Chiu trach nhiem trudc Sd Ndng nghiep & PTNT ve sii dung, thanh toan, quyet toan kinh phi vdi nha nude theo diing quy dinh hien hanh. Md hinh quan ly mdi da khac phuc dugc eac tdn tai hien nay dac biet la viec quan ly, su dung ngudn thuy lgi phi cap bu, phii hgp vdi cac quy dinh ciia Nha nude, dam bao tinh thdng

nhat va quan ly dugc toan bd cac cdng trinh thuy lgi trong toan tinh ma vin duy tri, phat huy tdt tinh uu viet cua md hinh quan ly trudc day nhu: quyen ty chii ty chiu trach nhi?m ciia cac Ban QLCTTL co sd; vai trd cua cdng ddng ngudi hudng lgi trong quan Iy, tu sua va b ^ ve cdng trinh thuy lgi co che cdng khai, minh bach trong quan l;y, dieu hanh va chi tieu. Mo hinh td chiic minh hga d so dd sau:

SO DO MO HINH TO CHU'C QUAN LY KHAI THAC CONG TRINH THUY L<?I TINH TUYEN QUANG THEO PHl/aNG THlTC DAT HANG Uy ban nhan dan Tinh

Sd Nong nghi€p

vaPTNT Sd Tai chinh

Th chirc, ca nhan gfr^^giy Ghi Chii: *• chi quan he quan ly nha nude

- chi quan he phdi hgp trong quan Iy nha nude

^chi quan he quan.Iy nha nude vl chuyen mdn

> chi quan he san xuit (dat hang)

TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H £ THUY LOI sO 24 - 2014

KHOA HOC ^ E S 3 ! B I I ^ B

a) NhiSm vu, quyen han cu the cua Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang

- Nhan dat hang dich vu tudi, tieu va chiu trach nhiem td chiic quan ly, khai thac va bao ve he thdng cdng trinh thiiy lgi trong toan tinh theo diing cac quy dinh cua nha nude va UBND tinh Tuyen Quang ve quan ly, khai thac va bao ve cdng trinh thiiy lgi tren dia ban tinh. La dau mdi tiep nhan va td chiic quan ly sir dung kinh phi cip bii thuy lgi phi diing quy dinh. xay dyng ke hoach tudi, tieu toan tinh va hudng dan cac Ban QLCTTL co sd quan ly van hanh cdng trinh, xay dung va thuc hien kl hoach tudi, tieu den timg cdng trinh.

- Trudc vu san xuat ky hgp ddng dich vu tudi, tieu vdi cac Ban QLCTTL eo sd thuc hien nhiem vu tryc tiep quan ly khai thac cdng trinh. Ket thiic vu cac san xuit tiln hanh nghiem thu, thanh ly hgp ddng theo hudng dan eua Bd Ndng nghidp & PTNT va Bd Tai chinh. Hudng dan cac Ban QLCTTL co sd lap ke hoach cung cap nude tudi cho eac td chiic va ca nhan; ky, nghiem thu, thanh ly hgp ddng tudi, cap nude vdi ngudi sir dung nude va hoan chinh hd so thanh de quyet toan ngudn kinh phi cap bii thuy lgi phi vdi nha nude;

- Td ehiie tap huan, hudng dan ky thuat quan ly, van hanh, khai thac, bao ve cdng trinh thiiy lgi cho nhan vien cac Ban QLCTTL co sd;

kilm tra, theo doi ket qua tudi, tieu, chat lugng quan Iy khai thae va bao ve edng trinh eua cae Ban QLCTTL co sd;

- Xay dung ke hoach tu sua, nang cap cac cdng trinh; kl hoach thu, chi thuy lgi phi; ke hoach phdng chdng han han, Hi lut , trinh cap cd thim quyln phe duyet. Hudng dan cac Ban QLCTTL CO sd lap hd so phat dgn, nao vet, duy tu, sira chiia, nang cip cdng trinh thuy lgi va kilm tra giam sat chit lugng thi cdng; td chirc nghiem thu, ban giao cdng trinh dua vao sir dyng theo quy dinh ddi vdi ngudn kinh phi cap bu thuy lgi phi;

- Hang nam td chiic ra soat, tdng hgp dien tich tudi, tieu de nghi nha nude cap bu thuy lgi phi gui Sd Tai chinh, Sd Ndng Nghiep &PTNT thim dinh trinh UBND tinh phe duyet lam ca sd dl thyc hien dat hang dich vu thuy lgi; lap bao cao quyet toan ngudn kinh phi cap bii thuy lgi phi vdi nha nude theo quy dinh.

Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang hoat ddng tuong tu nhu mdt dan vi tdng thau trong quan ly dau tu xay dyng. Chi phi hoat dgng hang nam cua Ban dugc lap du toan trinh cap cd tham quyen phe duyet nhu ddi vdi don vi sy nghiep cdng lap va lay tir ngudn kinh phi cap bu thuy lgi phi theo quy dinh cua UBND tinh.

Td chiic bg may cua Ban do sd Ndng nghiep

& PTNT phe duyet theo nguyen tac tinh ggn, hgp ly, hieu qua.

b) v l td chirc bo may ciia Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang

Bd may quan Iy cua Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang bao gdm Ban giam ddc va 2 phdng chuyen mdn. Ban giam ddc khdng qua 3 ngudi va hai phdng chuyen mdn, nghiep vu la: Phdng Ky thuat quan ly, khai thac cdng trinh thuy Igi va Phdng Ke hoach -Tdng hgp (xem so dd sau) - Nhiem vy ciia Phdng Ky thuat quan ly, khai thac cdng trinh thuy lgi: Hudng dan cac Ban QLCTTL CO sd ve: ky thuat van hanh, khai thac dam bao an toan cdng trinh; quan ly phan phdi nude, quan ly ke hoach tudi tieu va chi dao ke hoach san xuat; lap hd so hgp ddng tudi, tieu, nghiem thu, thanh ly hgp ddng vdi eac ddi tugng sir dung nude; lap hd sa dl nghi tu sira cdng trinh va hudng din ky thuat phat dgn, nao vet, duy tu, bao dudng, tu sua, nang cap edng trinh; hang nam thyc hien ra soat dien tich tudi ciia cac cdng trinh dl nghi miln giam thuy lgi phi.v.v...

- Nhiem vu cua Phdng Kl hoach -Tdng hgp:

Xay dyng ke hoach hoat ddng hang nam, kl hoach tai chinh, ke hoach thu, chi thuy lgi phi hang nam; lap hd so, thii tuc nhan dat hang

TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA CONG N G H E T H O Y L O I S O 24-2014 33

KHOA HOC

dich TO thuy lgi voi ca quan nha nuoc; lap hop d6ng thuc hien quan ly khai thac cong trinh, cung cdp dich vu tuoi, tieu va to chile nghiem thu, thanh ly hop d6ng tuoi, tieu voi cac Ban QLCTTLco so; lap cac thii tuc de tiep nhan ngudn kinh phi theo hop d6ng dat hang vol co quan dat hang; thuc hien tam ling, thanh toan

voi cac Ban QLCTTL ca so; theo doi, kiSm tra, don d6c thuc hien cac npi dung cong viec theo du toan dugc duyet; thuc Men thanh ly hgp d6ng djt hang vol co quan dat hang; lap bao cao tai chinh hang nam va trach nhiem quySt toan ngu8n kinh phi vcri nha nuoc; thuc Men hach toan, ki toan theo dung quy dinh.

IMo hinh ti chirc cua Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang HE SE ^-

Phong Ky thuat QLKTCTTL

Phong Ke hoach- Tong hop

Ddi QLCT TL Ngdi L^

Ngoai ra Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang cdn c6 Ddi quan ly khai thac cdng trinh thuy lgi Ngdi La va Ddi quan ly khai thac cdng trinh thuy lgi Hoang Khai la hai ddi true thudc tryc tiep quan Iy 2 cdng trinh thiiy lgi lien huyen Ngdi La va Hoang Khai (quan ly cdng trinh dau mdi va kenh chinh)

c) Ve to chuc bo may va nhiem vu ciia Ban QLCTTL CO- sfr

+ Ban Quan Iy cdng trinh thuy lgi lien xa la don vi sy nghiep tryc thudc Uy ban nhan dan huyen; chiu sy quan ly ciia Uy ban nhan dan huyen; ed tu each phap nhan, cd con diu va tai khoan rieng theo quy dinh ciia phap luat; hoat dgng theo Luat hgp tac xa va cac quy dinh phap luat khac lien quan, tu dam bao kinh phi hoat ddng (tii ngudn thuy lgi phi)

+ Ban Quan ly edng trinh thuy lgi xa la don vi tryc thudc Uy ban nhan dan xa, chiu sy quan ly ciia Uy ban nhan dan xa; hoat ddng

Ddi QLCT TL Hoang Khai

theo Luat hgp tac xa va cac quy dinh phap luat khac lien quan; cd tu each phap nhan, co con dau va tai khoan rieng theo quy dinh ciia phap luat; ty dam bao kinh phi hoat ddng (tir ngudn thiiy Igi phi).

+ Nhiem vu cua Ban QLCTTL co sd:

- Ky hgp ddng vdi Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang ve thyc hien quan Iy, bao ve, duy tu, bao dudng, sira chiia cdng trinh; van hanh, dieu tiet tudi, tieu, cap nude theo diing quy chuan, tieu chuan ky thuat, dam bao an toan cdng trinh, phuc vu san xuit ndng nghi?p va dan sinh kinh te xa hdi kip thdi, hieu qua.

- Quan Iy, sir dung, thanh quylt toan kinh phi theo diing quy dinh ciia nha nude va cua UBND tinh Tuyen Quang (dugc Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang cip, chi tra tir ngudn cip bii thuy Igi phi)

- Tan dung cdng trinh, may mdc thiet bi, lao

34 TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA C O N G N G H E T H O Y L O I S 6 24 - 2014

KHOA HOC M I ||l| li'M'l M

ddng, ky thuat, dat dai, canh quan va huy ddng vdn de thyc hien tdt nhiem vu quan ly, khai thac cdng trinh thuy lgi va cac boat ddng kinh doanh khac theo quy dirih eua phap luat.

- Thuc hien cac nhiem vu da dugc quy dinh tai cac Quyet dinh thanh lap Ban Quan Iy cdng trinh thuy lgi lien xa, xa.

d) Ve phoi hop chi dao thurc hien nhiem vu quan ly khai thac cong trinh thuy loi theo md hinh to chirc mdi.

Sd Ndng nghiep & PTNT, Sd Tai chinh va cac CO quan cd lien quan chi dao cac ca quan chuyen mdn tryc thudc thuc hien tdt chiie nang quan ly nha nude trong pham vi nhiem vu dugc giao; kiem tra, hudng din UBND huyen, thanh phd va UBND xa thi tran kien toan bd may QLKTCTTL theo quy dinh cua UBND tinh.

Uy ban nhan dan tinh giao Sd Ndng nghiep &

PTNT la CO quan dat hang, ky Hgp ddng dat hang vdi Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang; chi dao Chi eye thuy Igi hudng dan Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang va cac Ban QLCTTL CO sd quan Iy van hanh, duy tu, bao duong cdng trinh diing quy trinh ky thuat, ap dung cae bien phap tudi tieu khoa hgc sir dyng nude tiet kiem. Thudng xuyen chi dao, kiem tra cdng tac QLKTCTTL tren dia ban tinh theo cac quy dinh cua nha nude.

- Sd Tai chinh hudng dan Ban QLKTCTTL Tuyen Quang xay dyng ke hoach tai chinh;

hudng din, kiem tra, thanh tra viec su dung, thanh toan, quyet toan kinh phi QLKTCTTL va lap hd so xin cap phat, thanh toan ngudn cip bii thuy lgi phi theo quy dinh.

- Uy ban nhan dan cac huyen, thanh phd chi dao Phdng Ndng nghiep & PTNT, Phdng Kinh te thanh phd va cac ca quan cd lien quan thuc hien tdt chiic nang quan ly nha nude, tang cudng chi d£io hudng dan kiem tra, thanh tra vl QLKTCTTL tren dia ban. Chi dao UBND cac xa, phuong, thi tran va cac Ban QL CTTL

CO sd thyc hien tdt nhiem vu quan ly khai thac va bao ve cdng trinh thuy Igi trong pham vi dugc giao, quan ly su dyng ngudn kinh phi dugc cip theo hgp ddng dich vu va ngudn thuy lgi phi ndi ddng diing quy dinh va hieu qua.

- Uy ban nhan dan xa, phudng, thj tran truyen truyen phd bien cho nhan dan thyc hien tdt cac quy dinh cua Nha nude, ciia UBND tinh Tuyen Quang ve quan ly khai thac va bao ve edng trinh thiiy lgi; kiem tra, ddn ddc cac Ban QL CTTL ca sd thyc hien tdt nhiem vu quan ly khai thac va bao ve cdng trinh thuy Igi trong pham vi dugc giao phuc vy ke hoach san xuat cua nhan dan; phdi hgp vdi cac co quan cd tham quyen xir Iy cac trudng hgp khi cdng trinh xay ra sy cd, tranh chap va vi pham phap luat theo tham quyen.

HI. LOfI KET

Ddi mdi co che quan ly de nang cao hieu qua boat ddng cua cac cdng trinh thuy lgi dang dugc Bg Ndng nghiep & PTNT quyet liet chi dao thyc hien. Tuy vay, trong qua trinh trien khai thyc hien da gap rat nhieu khd khan va ket qua dat dugc khdng nhu mong dgi. Thuc tien sinh ddng ve ddi mdi ca che QLKTCTTL d cac dia phuang nhu Tuyen Quang, An Giang, Thai Binh, Ha Ngi.... doi hdi cae nha quan Iy thiiy lgi can nhin nhan danh gia mdt each khach quan de cung tim giai phap thyc hien. Tai sao cung mdt co che nhu nhau, trong cung mdt dieu kien tuong ty nhau ma noi nay lam tdt, noi khac lai lam chua tdt?. Nha nude chi cd the tao ra co che cho sy sang tao xuat hien chii khdng the nghT thay, lam thay cho timg ca nhan, td chiic. Thuc tiln da minh chiing rang sy yeu kem, tut hau cua mdt don vi, mdt nganh va tham chi la ca qudc gia khdng phai la do han che vl kha nang hay ngudn lyc, ma chit yeu la do thilu ap luc dk ddi mdi, dac biet la ddi mdi tu duy.

Nhdm nghien cuu cho ring, doi mdi co chi quan ly theo phuang thirc dat hang, tiln tdi ap dung phuong thuc dau thiu, giao khoan vdi

TAPCHfKHOAHOCVAcONGNGHeTHOYLOt 5(524-2014 35

I KHOA HOC ^ E S B Z B i l M

cac cong trinh thuy lai quy mo vvia va nho la cgng d6ng, phu hgp vol xu hudng doi mod gia phap t6i uu trong b6i canh Men nay, phu phuang thiic cung tag hang hoa dich vu cflng hgp voi tinh chjt dac dito hoat dong trong nen kinh te thi truong co su quan ly cua QLKTCTTL, huy dgng dugc su tham gia cua nha nuac./.

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

[1] Lai ban vS d6i moi tu duy, Nguyin Thi Binh, nguyen pho Chu tich nuoc;

[2] D6i moi tu duy: buac dot pha tao nen cue dien phat tri6n mai, Vu Minh Khuong, Dai hoc Harvard;

[3] D6 an Nang cao hieu qua quan ly, khai thac va bao ve cong trinh thuy lgi tinh Tuyen Quang;

[4] QuySt dinh s6 397/QD-UBND ngay 31 thang 10 nam 2011 cua UBND tinh Tuyen Quang VS viec kien to4n Ban Quan ly khai thac cong trinh thily lgi Tuyen Quang;

[5] Cac Thong tu cua Bg Nong nghiep va Phat triSn nong thon: s6 65/2009/TT-BNNPTNT ngay 12/10/2009 Huong din t6 chile hoat dpng va phan cip quan ly, khai thac cong trinh thuy lgi;

sd 56/2010/TT-BNNPTNT ngay 01/10/2010 quy dinh mgt so ngi dung trong hoat d6ng ciia cac to chuc quan ly, khai thac cong trinh thuy lgi;

[6] So lieu Thong ke nam 2010 cua Tong CucThSng ke 2010.

[7] Quyft dinh s6 142/QD-UB ngay 19/1/1996 cua UBND tinh Tuyen Quang Quy dinh vS chi do quan ly va su dung cac cong trinh thuy lgi Nha nuac giao cho cac HTX Nong lam nghiep quan ly su dung) dong thai tien hanh cung co doi moi to chuc quan Iy thuy nong ca so.

36 TAP CHf KHOA HOC VA CONG NGHE THCJY LlJI S 6 24 - 2014