KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
KET Q U A IMGHIEIXJ CLIU CHDIXl T A O V A K H A O IVGHIEM GIOIMG IVGd L A I DOIXl T 8 T A I CAC T I I M H M I E I M TRUIXIG
lA Quy TubngS U Quy Tiing^
T6MTAT
Giong ngo lai don T8 dupe chpn tao tir td hap lai (nill5144 x 1V231166). TGST ngdn ngay, tuong dutmg gi6ng C919; nang suat tu 6,41 - 7,18 tan/ha, tham canh dat 8 - 9 tan/ha; it nhi^m sau due than, it nhi^m cac b^nh: dom la Ion, kho van va thdi than; chm han kha, chong d6 tot, chiu ret klia; thich hpp gieo tr6ng vu dong xuan va he thu tai duyen hai Nam Trung bo va vu xuan. thu dong tai Bac Trung bo. Gidng T8 da dugc cong nhan san xuat thir tai duyen hai Nam Trung bo tai Quy^t dinh sci 490/QD-TT-CLT ngay 15/10/2012 Bp Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon.
Tuldi6a: Chon tao gidng ngo lai T8, ngdnngay, nangsuatcao, chiu ban.
1, BAT VAN BE
Ngo la cay luong thuc, thuc pham quan trong, ngo con la cay nguyen lieu che bien thuc an chan nuoi va la cay nang lupng sach cua the ky 21. O nuoc ta, ngo dang duoc gieo tr6ng o hau khSp 7 viing sinh thai nong nghiep. Nam 2018, dien tich ngo dat 1.039,9 nghin ha; nang su^t TB 4,72 tan/ha va san lupng 4.905,9 nghin tan. Tuy vay, san xuat ngo nuox:
ta chua dap ling &\K>C nhu cau tiSu thu noi dia, hang ntai c6n phai nhap khau hang trieu tan ngo de ch^
bi^n thlic an chan nuoi. Lupng ngo nhap khau nam 2018 dat 9,5 tiieu titn (USDA, 2018).
Cac tinh mi^n Tmng gom duyen hai Nam Trung bo (DHNTB) va BSc Tmng bo (BTB) la nhimg tinh thuan nong, ngo la cay h-ong rat quan trong. Nam 2018, difin tich ngo o viing nay la 187,4 nghin ha;
nang suat TB 4,68 tan/ha; san luong 857,4 nghin t ^ . Cac tinh ti-6ng ngo kha: Nghe An (51,8 nghin ha, 4,21 tan/ha), Thanh Hoa (45,0 nghin ha, 4,36 tan/ha), Binh Thuan (16,0 nghin ha, 6.43 tan/ha), Quang Nam (12,0 nghin ha, 4,71 tan/ha), Ninh Thu^ (11,7 nghin ha, 4,26 tan/ha), Quang Ngai (10,4 nghin ha. 5,82 tan/ha) (Cue Trong trpt, 2018).
Nhiing han che va thach thiic cua san xuat ngo viing mien Trang la chu yen gieo trong ngo b cac viing ven song, nho hep, hang dat tiimg binh, kem mau inC, phdn Ion la dat kho han, thi&u nuoc tuoi chiem gan 70% tong di^n tich dat trong ngo. Cac giong ngo hien dang gieo trdng trong san xuSt chu y^u la giong ngo lai nhap noi, voi gia cao. khong chu dpng hat gidng hang vu, dang thi^u cac giong ngo lai
chpn tao trong nuoc tot, ngan ngay va chua co quy trinh ky thuat canh tac phii hpp vol timg giong n^n dan den tinh trang mot so gidng ngo dang bi sau benh gay hai nang va co xu the dang thoai hoa giong.
Bai bao nay trinli bay k^t qua nghien cuu, chpn tao va khao nghiem giong ngo lai don T8 6- cac Iinh mien Trung, voi muc tiSu: Nghien ciru chon tao gidng ngo lai ngdn ngay: nang suat cao, on dinh (6,5-7,5 tan/ha); it nhiem sau benh, chdng dd tdt, chiu ban kha, thich hop cac vu san xuat chinh lai cac tinh mien Tmng.
1. VAT L P VA PHUDNG PHAP N ^ I B U CUU 2.1. vat lieu nghien cim
- Ngudn gdc gidng: Gidng ngo lai don T8 duoc tao ra to to hop lai, g6m dong me 111115144 x ddng bd rV231166. Ddng me 111115144 dupe tao ra theo phuong phap tu phdi huyen thdng den ddi S9 tir ngudn vat lieu nhiet doi (ky hieu N4). Dong bd rV231166 dupe tao ra theo phuong phap to phdi truyen thdng den doi S9 to nguon vat lieu nhiet ddi (ky hieuN6).
- Gidng khao nghiem: T8 va gidng ddi chiing;
C919.
2.2. Phucmg phdp nghien cuu
2.2.1. Chon tao, duy tri va danh gia kha ndng ket hop cac dong ngo
- Tu phdi. duy tri cac dong ngo thuan bd me gidng T8: theo phuong phap tu phdi truyen thdng va k&t hop phuong phap tu thu theo phuong phap fulsib, hafsib.
- Danh gia kha nang ke't hpp gdm kha nang ket hpp chung (KNKHC) va kha nang ket hpp rifeng (KNKHR) ciia 9 ddng ngo thuan theo phuong phap lai luan giao- so do 4 ciia Griffing B (1956).
' Tmng tarn KKN Gidng. San pham cay trSng Quoc gia.
Cue Trong trpt
"Hpc vien Nong nghiep Viet Nam
45
- Danh gia cac td hpp lai moi: ap dung "Quy chuan qudc gia ve Khao nghiem gia tn canh tac \a su dung cua gidng ngo" - QC\'N 01-56 201! /BNNPTXT Bo Nong nghiep va PTNT.
2.2.2. Khao nghiem gidng ngo lai mdi dcac viing sinh Ihai
- Khao nghiem ca ban cac gidng ngo lai moi: ap dung "Quy chuan qudc gia ve Khao nghiem gia tri canh tac va su dung ciia gidng ngo" - QC\'N 01- 56:2011/BNNFTNT, Bo NN va FTNT.
- Khao nghiem san xuat gidng T8: ap dung Quy trinh tham canh ngo lai ciia dia phuong noi thuc hien khao nghiem san xuat: Bd tri khao nghiem san xuat gidng T8 theo tudn tu thang hang, khong nhdc lai va gidng ddi chiing C919. Di?n tich khao nghiem san xuat 1.000 m-/gidng/dia diem/vu; mat dp 5,7 van cay/ha; phan bon (1 ha): 2 tjin phan hiru ca vi sinh + 150 kg N + 90 kg P.,0, -n 90 kg K,() (2 tan phan huv ca vi sinh -t- 326 kg urea + 500 kg lan suphe lam thao + 150 kg Imbclorua).
2.2.3. Danh gia tinh chiu ban cua cac dong ngo thuan
- Thi nghiem danh gia tinh chju han cua gidng ngo ap dung theo phuong phap danh gia cua Trung lam CIMMYT (1985); quy tnnh ky thuat va cac chj tieu theo doi ap dung Quy chuan qudc gia "Khao nghiem gia tri canh tac va gia tri sii dung ciia gidng ngo"- QCVN 01-56: 2011/BNNPTNT.
- Cach danh gia niiic dp cay ngo heo truoc trd ca 20 ngay va sau trd ca 20 ngay khong tuoi. Thang diem danh gia to 1 - 5 nhu sau: Diem 1 (tdt): la khong heo; diem 2 (kha): Mep la hoi cupn; diem 3 (trung binh): Mep la hinh chir V; diem 4 (Kem): Mep la cupn vao hong; diem 5 (rat kem): La cupn h-6n.
- Danh gia kha nang phuc hdi ciia cay ngo sau tuoi niroc 2 ngay.
2.2.4. Phuong phap .\u ly so lieu
- Phan tich kha nang ket hpp gdm (KNKHC) va (KNKHR) ctia cac ddng ngo ve nang suat hat kho ciia cac td hpp lai theo chuong trinh IRRISTAT 5.0/Linetest va Dialen 2 cua Ngo Hiru Tinh va Nguyen Dinh Hidn (1996):
- Xu ly thdng ke nang suat cac thi nghiem khao nghiem tac gia, khao nghiem ca ban ap dung chuong Ij-inh IRRISTAT 5.0 va Excel 3.2.
Tdng hop nang suat trung binh trong khao
nghiem san xuat gidng T8 theo chuong trinh hscei 3.2.
2.3. Dia di^ra v i thdi gian nghien ciiu 2.3.1. Dia didm
- Chpn tao, duy tri va danh gia kha nSng ket hpp cac dong ngo: Tram Khao kiem nghiem Giong cay trdng Tir Liem, Ha Npi va Trai Khao nghiem va Hau kiem gidng cay trdng Quang Ngai.
- Khao nghiem co ban: Quang Nam. Quang Ngai, Phii Y^n, Nghe An.
- Khao nghiem san xuat Quang Nam, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Ninh Thuan, Tlianh Hda.
2.3.2 Tlidigian tiiuc hien: Tir vu he thu 2008 d&n vu thu dong 2018.
3. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1. Chpn tao ddng v i dinh gii kha ning k^t hgp ciia cic ddng ngd
3.1.1. Danh gia kha nang ket hop cua 9 ddng ngd Bang 1. Gii tri KNKHC (gi) va phuong sai KNKHR (sij) cua 9 ddng ng6 trong 3 thi nghifem lai dinh tai Tr^un khao nghifim va h i u ki^m gidng cay trdng
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Quang N g ^ Dong va dang thir 1228111 II526133 III115144 DIII111255
IV231166 V412177 VI1231488 VIII331266 BOD22 TI (P848) 72 (30Y87)
KNKHC (gi)TB3 TNlai
dinh +7,839 -2,344 +10,045 +1,128 +1,534 +1,845 -2,588 -9,744 -1.466 1,621 +1,621
KNKHR (CT'sij)TB
STNlai dinh +1,585 +0,379 -1,721 -7,871 +4,357 +0,968 +0,757 -0,021 +3,624
Ket qua danh gia 9 dong ngo cua 3 thi nghiem lai dinh vdi 2 cay thOrTl (P848) va T2 (30Y87) trong vu he thu 2008, dong xuan 2008 - 2009, he thu 2009 tai Trai Khao nghiem va Hau kiem giong cay tr6ng Quang Ngai duoc the hien 6- bang 1 cho thay: Cac ddng ngo CO gia tri KNKHC cao: 111115144 (gi- 10,045), 1228111 (gi: 7,839), Uep den la dong V412177 (gi: 1,845) va IV231166 (gi: 1,534).
4h NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON KV 2 - THANG 8/2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
B4ng 2. Phuong sai KNKHR (CT % ) cua cac dong ngd trong 3 thi nghiem lai hiSn giao tai Tr?m Khao nghidm Gi6ng cay tr6Dg Tu Li&in, Ha N6i
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ten dong 1228111 11526133 111115144 DI11111255
1V231166 V412177 VII231488 VI11331266
BOD22 LSD,„i.,
HT2009 gi 34,272
1,514 10,524 75,462 13,907 7,967 3,346 41,764
6,605 2,232
a -sij 42,812 24,837 114,697 76,956 112,305 98,556 70,241 65,464 39,340 5,425
Xuan 2010 gi 0,257 0,124 0,004 0,116 0,267 -0,001 0,002 0,361 0,084 0,087
CT-sij 0,163 0.163 0,160 0,085 0.230 0,055 0,155 0,246 0,046 0,211
Thu dong 2010 gi 34,609 65,231 0,115 1,346 4,641 3.220 37,369 51,572 3,998 0,743
CF-'sij 12,236 51,266 75,608 53,095 119,687 91,082 146,872 116,626 140.428 1,806
Trung binh 3 vu gi 23,046 22,289 3,547 25,641 6.271 3,728 13,572 31,232 3,562
CT-SIJ 18,404 25,422 63,488 43,379 77,407 63,231 72,423 60,779 59,938 Phan tich gia hi KNKHC va phuong sai KNKHR
((T^Sj) cua 9 dong ngo thuan h-ong 3 thi nghiem lai luan giao vii he thu 2009, xuan 2010 va thu dong 2010, so liftu ghi nhan a bang 2. Cac dong ngo c6 gia tri KNKHC cao: "VI1I331266 (gi: 31,232), D111111255 (gi; 25,641), 1228111 (gi: 23,046), 11526133 (gi:
22,289); ti«p den la dong VI1231488 (gi; 13,572).
Cac ddng cd phuong sai KNKHR cao nhat:
IV231166 (CT^sij: 77,407), VII231488 (ff-sij: 72,423), 111115144 (CT^sij: 63,488), VI11331266 (a'^sij: 60,779), BOD22 (o-'sij: 59,938).
Cac ddng ngd cd gi4 tri KNKHC va phuong sai KNKHR cao duoc diing lam bd me de tao ra 10 to luip lai mdi (gidng ngd lai don) de danh gia hong thi nghidm khao nghiem tac giii.
3.1.2. Ket Qua danh gia ddng rudng tinh chiu han cua cac ddng ngd thuan
Danh gia tinh chiu han ciia cac dong ngd thuan vu xuan 2010 tai Tram Khao nghiem Gidng cay trdng Tir Liem, Ha Ndi hong di^u kien gay khd han h-ong nha lirdi cd mai che vao thdi ky trudc tro cd va sau trd cd 20 ngay (trudc va sau ti-6 20 ngay khdng tudi nude). Ket qua sd lieu a bang 3 cho thay: cac ddng cho nang suat kha 1,6 - 1,9 tan/ha, so vdi hidi dii nude dat 61,5 69,2% gdm: 1228111, I1I115144, IV231166, V1I231488, Vni331266, BOD22. Cac ddng con lai cd nang suat thap, so vdi hrdi du nude dat 52,1
•56,5%.
Nhu vay, hong dieu kien khd han vao giai doan Inidc fro cd va sau fro cd 20 ngay, cd 6 ddng ngd liluan: 1228111. I1I115144, IV231166, V1I231488,
VI11331266, BOD22 cd kha nang thu phan, ket hat kha va nang suat hat kha. Day la dac tinh ndng hoc quy cua cac ddng ngd frong tao gidng ngd lai cd kha nang chiu ban.
Bang 3. Nang su^t cac ddng ngd thu4n ciia thi nghidm gay han frong nha ludi cd mAi che vu xuan
2010 tai Tram Khao nghif m Gidng cSy frdng TtiUem,HaNOi
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ten ddng 1228111 n526133 III115144 DIII111255 IV231166 V412177 V1I231488 Vin331266 BOD22
Nang suat (tan/ha) Han
1,6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 7 2 8 3 7 8 9
Tudidu 2,6 2,2 2,8 2,3 2,6 2,3 2,7 2,9 2,8
Tyl0%
so vdi tudi du 61,5 54,5 60,7 52,1 69,2 56,5 62,9 62,1 67,8 31.3 Kit qua danh gia sabd (khao nghiem tac gia) cac tdhop lai mdi
Cac td hop lai cd nang suat cao frong 3 vu (he thu 2010, DX 2010-2011, xuan 2011) gdm: T115002 (T8) (6,69 tin/ha, vuot gidng ddi chiing C919 la 6,5%), TI 15005 (6,84 tan/ha, vuot gidng C919 la 8,9
%), T231163 (6,66 tan/ha, vuot gidng C919 la 6,0%), T23148 (6,71 tan/ha, vuot gidng C919 la 6,8%), T33126 (6,68 tan/ha, vuot gidng C919 la 6,3%).
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Bine 4. Nang Ten to hop lai
suiit cac tdhop laimdidanhgiasobOt^icacdi&nkhaonghi^ , Nang suat (tan/ha
HT2010 (Q.
Ngai) T115002(T8) 1 6,85
DX201O-2O11 (Q.
Ngai) 7.25 T i l 5003 ' 5,25 6,02 T115004
T115005 T231161 T231163
6,00 6,75 6,93 6.24 T231164 ; 6,26 T23148 j 6,63 T33126 1 6.40 C919(D/C) ! 6,57 CV(X) .5,.-J LSD„„, 1 4.2
6.20 7,02 7.35 7.35 7,20 7.10 7.35 6.82 6.2 3.4
Xuan 2011 a . Hda)
5,99 4,89 5,70 6,77 5,12 6,40 5,00 6,40 6,30 5,45 8,9 7,5
Nang suat TB (tan/ha)
6,69 5,38 5,96 6,84 6,46 6,66 6,15 6,71 6,68 6,28
Vmil C919 (d,c)(%) __t6^__
_ _ j l 4 3 _ _ _ _ j 5 J _ _
+8,9 +2,8 +6,0
•2,0 +6,8 + 6,3
3.2. K^t qui khio nghidm ca ban gidng T8 3.2.1. Dac diem nong hpc chinh cua gidng TS khao ngbi^ni ca ban
Bang 5. D§c di^m n6ng hpc chinh cua gidng T8 t^i cic di^m khio nghidm ca ban (Sdlieu trung binh qua cac vu khao nghiem)
TY 1 LI
1.2
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Chi tieu Then giim smh trudng (ngay) DHNTB
Vu dong xuan Vu he thu Biic Trung bd Xuan Ddng
Chidu cao cay (cm) Chidu cao ddng bap (cm) Trang thai cay (didm 1-5) Dd kin bao biip (diem 1-5) Dang hat. mau sac hat Sd bap hiiu hieu/cay Chidu dai bap (cm) Sd hang hat/bap Sd hat/hang Ty le hat/bap (%) Khdi lupng 1000 hat (gam)
Ten gidng T8
104-129 96 115-120 113-129 237-249 82-119 2-3 1-2 BD,VC
1,0-1,1 16,5-18,5
12-14 31,6-38,9
74,2 272,7-324,7
C919 (d/c)
104-126 95 110-123 110-126 223-247 110-115 2-3 2-3 BRN,VC
1,0-1,1 17-18,5 14-16 28,1-38,5
75,4 264,4-300,8 Ghi chu: BD: Ban da: BRN: ban rang ngira: VC: vang cam.
(Xgiidn Tirnig tam Khao kieni nghiem gidng, San phdm cay trong Qudc gia, 2011-2012)
TGST; O viing duyen hai Nam Trung bd 'thiing C919 (nam ret dam gidng T8 dai hon gidng (DHNTB), gidng T8 cd TGST 104 - 129 ngay (ddng ^919 3 ngay). Vimg Bac Trung bd, gidng T8 cd xuan) va 95 ngav (he thu), cung nhdm TGETT vdi ddi TGST 115-120 ngay (vu xuan) va tu 113-129 ngay (vu TGST 115-120 ngay (vu xuan) va tu 113-129 r
ddng), dai hon gidng C919 la 3 ngay.
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON KV 2 - THANG 8/2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE - Chieu cao cay ciia gidng T8 cao cay tii 237 cm -
249 cm: chiiu cao ddng bap hi 82-119 cm. hiong duong giong ddi chiing C919; frang Uiai cay, gidng T8 cd dang hinh cay gpn, la xanh va dimg cay, tirong duong gidng C919: gidng T8 bao bap rat kin.
- Gidng T8 cd 1 bap/cay, tuong duong gidng C919; chiJu dai bap tii 16,5 - 18,5 cm, tirong duong gidng C919; sd hang hat/bap, tir 12 - 14 hang hat/bap: kha nang kdt hat tot, tuong duong gidng C919; khdi lupng 1.000 hat tir 272,7 - 324,7 gam, hat ldnhongidngC919;tyle hat/bap gidng T8 dat 74,2%, luong duong gidng C919 (75,4%); gidng T8 cd dang hat ban da, mau vang cam rat hpp thi hieu tieu diing.
3.2.2. Miic do sau binh va kha nang chdng chiu cita gidng ngd T8
Gidng T8 it nhidm sau due than, due bap; it nhifm bdnh: khd vSn (1 - 4,6 %), ddm la ldn (diem 1 - 3), b?nh thdi than (1 • 4 %). Gidng T8 cung cay, chdng dd tdt va chiu han kha, tirong duong gidng
€919.
Bang 6. Muc do sau b^nh va kha nang chdng chju vdi d i & kidn bat thuto oia gidng T8 (5o lieu uiing
binh qua cac vu khao nghiem)
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8
Chi tieu Sau due than (diem 1-5) Sau due bap (diem 1-5) Rep cd (didm 1-5) Benh khd van (%) Benh ddm la ldn (dieml-5) Benh thdi than (%) Chdng dd Dd rd (%) Gay titan (%) Chiu han (diem 1-5)
Ten gidng T8 1-3 1-3 1 1,04,6
1-3 1,04,0
0-3,7 0-1,0 2
C919 (D/C) 2-3 1-2 1 1,7-10,4
1-3 0-9,6 0-3.4 0-1,0 2 (Ngudn Trung tam Khao kiSm nghiem gidng, San pham cay trdng Qudc gia, 2011-2012)
3.2.3. Nang suat cua gidng ngo lai T8 khao nghiem caban
Vu
Bang 7. Nang suat cua gidng T8 khao Dia didm
Duyen hii Nam Trung bd DX2010-2011
HT2011 DX2011-2012
Quang Nam Quang Ngai Quang Nam Quang Ngai Quang Nam Quiing Ngai Phu Yen Bdc Trung bd Ddng 2010
Xuan2011 Ddng 2011
TB
Nghe/Ui Nghe An Nghe An 2 vung 10 TN
ighidmcoban Nang suat (tan/ha) T8
5,95 6,37 6,63 6,65 7,00 8,01 6,79 5,42 5,94 5,37 6,41
C919 (D/C) 6,46 7,30 7,14 6,97 6,69 8,18 6,50 5,34 5,75 6,04 6,64
LSD„,„
5,2 5,7 6,1 6,7 0,6 9,2 7,0 5,74 5,93 5,7 (Ngudn Trung tam Khao kiem nghiem gidng, San pham
Duyen hai Nam Trung bo: Yu ddng xuan 2010 - 2011 va ddng xuan 2011 - 2012 tai 7 luot diem kliao nghidm, gidng T8 dat nang suat til 5,95-8,01 tan/ha, TB 6,82 tan/ha (gidng C919 TB 7,03 tan/ha). Vu he thu 2011 gidng T8 dat nang suat til 6,63 - 6,65 tan/ha.
TB 66,4 tan/ha (gidng C919 la 7,05 tan/ha).
cay trdng Qudc gia, 2011 -2012)
Bic Trungbd:\\i xuan 2011, gidngTS dat nang suat 5,94 tan/ha (gidng C919 TB 5,75 tan/ha). Vu ddng 2010 va vu ddng 2011, gidng T8 dat nang suat tir 5,42 - 5,37 tan/ha, TB 5,39 tjin/ha (gidng C919 TB 5,68 tan/ha).
Tdng hop frong 3 vu khao nghiem ca ban tai 10 luot diem khao nghiem d cac tinh DHNTB va BTB, NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 8/2019 49
gidng 18 dat nang suat TB 6,41 tan/ha. tuong duong 3.3. Kft quJ khao nghidm san xuit giiing ngd lai gidng ddi chung C919 (gidng C919 TB 6,63 tan/ha). T8 t?i cdc dja phuong
Vu san xuat
Ddng xuan 2010-2011 He thu 2011
Ddng xuan 2011-2012
Ddng xuan 2013-2014
Xu,in2011
Thu ddng 2017 Xuan 2018 Tliu ddng 2018
Dia diem DHNTB
HTXXN Cat Hanh 1. huyen Phii Cat. Binh Dinh Tram (iidng cay frdng Nam Phudc, Quang Nam HTXNN Cat Hanh 1, huyen Phil Cat, Binh Dinh Vien Nghien ciiu Bdng Nha Hd, Ninh Thuan Trai Gidng cav frdng Nam Phudc, Quang Nam HTXNN thi fran Binh Dinh, An Nhon, Binh Dinh
Tram Kliao nghiem va Hau kiem giong cay frdng Son Tinh, Quang Ngai
HTXNN Hanh Dung, Nghia Hanh, Quang Ngai Trung tam Gidng cay frdng vat nudi Quang Ngai xa Nhon Hau, TX An Nhon, Binh Dinh Tmngbinh (DHNTB)
Bdc Trung bo
Trai Gidng ngd Cam Thiiy, Tlianh Hda Trung tam Nghien cuu UDKHKT GCT ndng nghiep Thanh Hda
Hoang Thang, Hokig Hda, Thanh Hda Thieu Nguyen, Thieu Hda, Thanh Hda Cam Tan, Cam Thiiy, Thanh Hda Hoang Dao, Hoang Hda, Thanh Hda Cam Tan. Cam Thiiy, Thanh Hda Hoang Dao. Hoang Hda. Th.inh Hoa Tliieu Nguyen, Thieu Hda. Tlianh Hda Cam Tan. Ciim Thiiy, Thanh Hda
Tmngbinh (BTB) Trung binh 2 vitng
Thdi gian sinh frudng (ngav)
T8 116 96 95 94 115 115 115 115 115 115
120 120 106 106 106 116 116 106 106 106
C919 (d/c) 115 95 95 94 115 115 115 115 115 115
120 120 105 105 105 112 112 105 105 105
e »— - 1 Naii.i; sual
(tain/ha) TS 7,18 6,77 6,97 4,60 6,64 9,09 7,24 7,03 7,28 7.80 7,06 5,86 5,99 6,98 7,94 7,65 7,88 8,23 6,78 8,02 7.78 7,31 7,18
C919 (d/c) 6,82 6,50 6,90 4,03 6.50 S.S2 6,91 6,89 7,05 7,20 6,76 5,29 5,45 6,45 (*) 6,70 (•) 6.29 (*) 7,36 (•) 7,55 (*) 6,45 (•) 6,70 (*) 6,29 (•) 6,45 6,61
\'irot D/C C919
(%)
+ 5,2 + 4,1 +1.0 + 14,1
+ 2,2 +3,1 +4,8 + 2,0 + 3,3 +8,3 +4,4 +10,8 + 9,9 +8,2 + 18,5 +21,6
+7,1 +9,0 +5,1 +19,7 +2,6 +13,33 + 8,62 (Ngudn: tac gia phdi hap vdi cac dia phuong thirc hien) (gidng ddi chung CP.333)
3.3.1. Ket qua khao nghiem san xuat gidngTS tai duyen hai Nam Trung bo
- Gi6ng T8 khao nghiem san xuat tai 10 diem a vung DHNTB, TGST 115-116 ngay (dong xuan) va 94-96 ngay (he thu), tirong dirong giong C919.
- Nang suait hat TB 7,06 tan/ha. vupl giong doi chung C919 TB 4.4%.
3.3.2. Ket qua kbao nghiem san xuat gidng T8 tai Bdc Trung hO
- Giong T8 khao nghiem san xuat tai 10 di^m o viing Bac Trung bo. TGST 120 ngay (vu xuan) va (vu thu dong), tuong duong giong C919 va CP.333.
- Nang suat hat TB 7,31 tan/ha, vuot giong doi chiing la 13,33%.
5() NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON KV 2 - THANG 8/2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
long hpp k^t qua khao nghiem san xu&t gi6ng T8 trong 8 vu tai 20 lugt diem khao nghiem san xuat viing mien Trung. nang suat TB 7,18 t i i / h a , vuot giong doi chung 8,62%.
4. KET LUAN VA BE NGHl 4.1.K6tluan
- Giong T8 co mot so dac diem nong hpc quy nhu: TGST ngdn ngay, tuong duong cac giong C919;
cay cao va dong bap thap. dang cay gon nhu giong C919; ty le hat/bap 74%, khoi lupng 1000 hat TB 299 gam. d^mg hat ban da, mau vang cam; nang suat tir 6.41 - 7.18 tan/ha. tham canh dat 8,0-9.1 tan/ha; chiu han kha, chong do tot, it nhilm sau due than, it nhi^m cac b6nh: dom la Ion, kho van; thich hop tr6ng vu dong xuan va he thu tai viing DHNTB va vu xuan, thu dong cac tinh Bac Trung bp.
Giong ngo lai don T8 da dupe Bp Nong nghiep va PTNT cong nhan san xuat thii tai DHNTB tai Quy^t dinh so 490/QD-Tr-CLT ngay 15/10/2012 Bp NN & PTNT.
4.2. D^ nghi
Nhan rpng gieo trong giong ngo lai don T8 ra san xuat tai cac tinh duyen hai Nam Trung bp (vu
dong xuan, he thu) va Bac Trung bp (vu xuan. thu dong).
TAI UEU THAM KHAO
1. Bp Nong nghiep va PTNT, 2011. QC\'N 01- 56:20U/BNXPTNT. Quy chuSn Quoc gia ve Kliao nghiem gia tri canh tac va gia tri sir dung cua giong ngo.
2. Cue Trdng trpt. 2012. Quyet dinh sd 490/QD- Tr-CLT ngay 15/10/2012 cho cac tinh duy&n hai Nam Trung bg.
3. Cue Tr6ng trgl. 2018. Bao cao long ket cong tac nam 2018 va trien khai ke hoach nam 2019.
4. Ngo Hiiu Tinh, Nguyen Dinh Hi6n. 1996.
Cac phuong phap lai thd va phan tich kha n^g ket bop trong cac thi nghiem vS mi thd lai. Nha xuat ban Nong nghiep Ha Noi.
5. USDA, 2018 (Bp Nong nghiep My). Thdng ke san xuat ngo aViet Nam nam 2018.
6. CIMMYT, 1985. Managing Trials and Reporting Data for CIMMYTS International Maize Testing Program.
7. Griffing B., 1956. Concept of general and specific combining ability in relation to diallel crossing system. Aust.}. Biol. Sci.9: 463-493.
RESEARCH RESULTS OF BREEDING AND TESTING OF HYBRID MAIZE T8 IN CENTRAL PROVINCES OF VIETNAMESE
Le Quy Tuong, Le Quy Tung Summary
The single hybrid maize vanely T8 was selected from the hybrid combination (III115144 x IV231166), the growing time is short, equivalent to the C919 varieties; Productlvit>' is from 6.41 - 7.18 tons/ha, intensive farming is 8-9 tons/ha; less infected stem borer, less infected by diseases: large leaf spot, sheath and stem rot; fairly drought tolerant, good anti-dumping, cold-resislant; suitable for planUng in winter-spring and summer-autumn crops in South Central Coast and spring and autumn winter in North Central. T8 variety has been recognized for tna! production in South Central Coast in Decision No. 490/QD-Tr-CLT dated October 15, 2012 Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.
Keywords: Breeding hybndmaize TS. short-temi. high-yield, drougbl-tolerant.
Ngudi phan bi^n: GS.TS. Ngo Huu Tinh Ng^y nhan bM: 21/5/2019 Ngay thdng qua phan bifin: 21/6/2019 Ngay duyet dang: 28/6/2019
