KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
IVGHIEM CIJU TROIVG IVAM VAIV CHI OO {Pycnaparum mffuineu^ TREIV PHE PHU PHAIVI CUI B A P VA VO TRAU
Trdn Dtic Tudng' T(;)MTAT
Nghien ciiu hien tai nham muc U6u danh gia ti^m nSng sir dung ciii bap va v6 tiau dd trong niim Van Chi do lai tinh Dong Thap. Thi nghiem duoc bd tri theo the thiic hoan loan ngau nhien voi 10 nghiem thuc Othac nhau v^ ti le ca chat phdi trpn giira cui bdp va v6 trau), 3 lan Up lai (30 bich ca chat/t;m lap lai) Ket qua nghi&n ciiu da cbo thay be soi gidng cap 1 co toe dp phat tnen nhanh nhat (1.78 cm/ngay) tren moi tniong PDA bd sung 10% nuoc dira. Hat Iiia hap chin la co chat thich hop cho su phat tri^n he spi gidng cap 2 (0.796 cm/ngay). Cpng khoai mi luge la moi inrcmg thich hop cho su phat tnen ciia he sen giong cap 3 (0,546 cm/ngay). Cong thiic phdi iron chiia 60% cui bap va 40% v6 trau duoc xem la phii hop cho sir sinh tnrang, phat trien ciia nam Van Chi do, dat nang suat cao nhat (79 g nam tuoi/bich phoi), hi^u suat sinh hpc la 20,52%. Do vay, cui bap (60%) va vo trau (40%) la phe phu pham tiem nang de U'ong nam Van Chi do dat hi^u qua cao.
Til kh6a: Van Cbi dd, cui bip, vd trau, be soi naim, Pycnoporus sanguineus.
I.MOflAU
Nani Van Chi do (Pycnopoivs sanguineus (L.:
Fr.) Murrill) la mpt trong 25 loai nam duoc lieu chinh trSn the gidi cd gia tri dupe tinh rat cao, dupe tieu thu rpng rai d nhidu qudc gia tren thd gioi [2]. Tuy nhien, b Viet Nani chua cd nhieu nghien cuu ve nam Van Chi va nghe trdng nam Van Chi chua phat trien.
Nam Van chi dd thudng dupe trdng tren mun cua cao su, loai ca chat phd bidn d vung Dong Nam bp. Tuy nhien, cac phe phu pham nong nghidp tni luong ldn, sin cd d tinh Ddng Thap nhu cui bap, vd triu... chua ham luong cellulose, hemicellulose, hgnin kha cao dtrpc tan dung de thay the mun cua cao su trdng nam Van Chi dd, vira cd the mang lai hieu qua kinh te cao vira giam thieu 6 nhiem moi h'udng. Theo thdng ke nam 2018 cua Tdng cue Thdng ke [9], tinh Ddng Thap cd dien tich trong bap kha ldn khoang 4,3 nghin ha, dat san lugng 35,5 nghin tdn, voi nang suat 82,6 ta/ha, ti le hat/trai bung binh dat 75 - 80%. Dien tich dait trdng lua cung rat Idn khoang 520,4 nghin ha, dgt san lupng 3.327,5 nghin tan, voi nang suat 63,9 ta/ha. Do vay, luong cui bap va vd trau phal thai ra nioi trudng hang nam rat ldn ma chua dupe tan dung hidu qua, gay 6 nhidm nioi h'udng. Mat khac, theo thdng ke nam 2012 cua Vien Nang luong Viet Nam, vimg ddng bang song Ctiu Long cd tnj lupng
Khoa Su pham Ly - Hod - Sinh. Truang Dai hoc Dong Thap
Email: [email protected]
phd phu pham nong nghidp kha ldn, uoc tinh tren 23 trieu tan/nam, trong dd cd khoang tren 3,8 trieu tiin vd trau, gan 17 trieu tain rom ra, U-en 372.000 tiin ciii bap, gan 1,4 trieu tan ba mia. . Rieng tinh Ddng Thap, ngudn phe phu pham nong nghifep phat thai tir cay Ilia la kha ldn nhu vd trau (18,89 tan/ngay), rom (94,43 tan/ngay). Hien cd khoang 42,91% vd txiu, 30,42% rcrm bi dd bd gay lang phi va 6 nhidm moi trudng [6].
Voi ham lupng cellulose cao thich hpp cho su phat trien ciia nam gd nhu Van Chi dd, ndu cui bap va vd trau co the thay the cho mun cua cao su de trdng nam Van Chi dd, ngoai vide tao ra ngudn dupe lieu qui voi gia thanh hpp Iy, cdn co the lao them vipc lam, gitip tang thu nhap cho ngudi lao dpng, gdp phan vao phat trien kinh te d dia phuong.
Theo nhung nghien cuu truoc day, nam Van Chi dd da dupe nhan gidng va nuoi trdng thu nghidm tren co chat phdi tron (50% ciii bap va 50% miin cua cao su) dat nang suat kha cao 343,3 g nam tucri/kg ca chat kho [10], ddng thdi ciing da trdng thii nghiem tren co chat phdi trpn (60% vd tram va 40% mim cua cao su) cho nang suat 200 g nam tuai/kg ca chat kho [11]. Tuy nhien cd the thay the hoan loan miin cua cao su bang nhung phe phu pham phd bien (ciu bap va vd trau) cua viing ddng bang song Ciiu Long vua mang lai hieu qua kinh te cao, chu dpng duoc ngudn nguyen lieu san xuat doi dao tai dia phucmg. Do vay, nghien cihi nay dupe thuc hien nhSm muc tieu danh gia dupe tidm nang sii dung ciii bap va vi) trau dd trdng nam Van Chi do.
NONGNGHIEPVA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 10/2019 29
KHOA HOC CON<
Z. VAT UBl VA PHUDNG PHAP NGHBli CUU 2.1.V4tli^inghifaicmi
M.iu gidng nam Van Chi dd thu thap tir tinh Tay Nmh da dupe phan lap va dinh danh (Px-cnoporus sanguineu-: MH22.577fi.l). Miin cira cao su, Iiia, cam g^o, cpng khoai mi, cin bap (giong bap nep lai Fl IIMT 55), vd trau dupe cimg cap bdi nong dan Phan Van Tiung (ap Thanh An, xa Tan Long, huyen Thanh Binh, tinh Ddng Thap).
2.2. Phuong p h ^ nghiftn oiu
2.2.1. Khao sit mdi trudng nhan gidng nam Van Chi do
- Khio sat moi tnrong nhan gidng nam cap I Thi nghiem duac bd di theo thd thuc hoan toan ngau nhu'u voi 3 nghidm thuc (NT) tuang ung vai 3 lo^i moi truang, dupe lap lgi 3 lan, gdm NTI: Potato- dexh-osf^agar (PDA) U): Nr2: PDA + 10% nude dira;
NT3: Dextrose-peptone-agar (DPA). Cac moi truang khao sat dupe hi^u chinh a pH 6,5 va khii triing d 121''C trong 30 phiit. dd nguoi, cay gidng gdc vao cac hpp petri chua moi tnrdng da dupe chuan bi san.
uam ta nam d nhidt dd phong. Cac hpp petri chua m6i trudng thgch tir nghiem thuc cd ta phat tndn ddng nh^t, khde va lan nhanh nhat dupe chpn de nhan gidng cap 2.
- Khao sat mdi trudng nhan gidng nam c -ap 2 Thi nghiem dupe bd tri theo thd thirc hoan loan ngau nhi^n voi 6 logi moi trudng (6 N"0 chua trong chai thiiy tinh, dupe lap lgi 3 lan. gdm NTI: 100% hat lua: NT2: hgt liia + 5% cam gao (CG) + 5% bpt bap (BB); NT3: hat Iiia + 5% cui bap nghidn (CBN) + 5%
CG; NT4: hat lua + 5% CBN + 5% BB; .\T5: hat lua + 5% vd U-au nghidn (VTN) + 5% CG; NT6: hat lua + 5%
VTN + 5% BB. Hat lua hSp chin duoe bd sung dmh dtrong va hipu chinh d 60% dp am roi phan phdi vao cac chai thuy tinh (2/3 the dch ciia chai). Cac chai nio! tnrong hgt lua nay dupe hap khii dung d 12rC trong 2 gid, dd ngupi, ca\- giong cap 1 vao cac chai moi tnrdng hat liia da hap khir triing, uom ta d nhiet dd phdng. Cac chai chua moi tnidng hat lua tir nghiem thiic cd ta phat tridn khde, ddng nhat va cd tdc dp lan ta nhanh nhit se dupe chpn dd nhan gidng nam cap 3.
- Kliio •^:it nidi trudng nhan gidng nam cap 3 Till nghidm dupe bd tn theo the thuc hoan toan ngau nhien vm 6 loai moi trudng (6 NT) chiia trong
cac bich nylon chiu nhiet, dirpe I$p lai 3 la"- il^"^
NTI: 100% cpng khoai mi (CKM); NTJ CKM ^ 5%
CG - 5% BB; NT3: CKM + 5% CBN + T'V CG. NT4:
CKM + 5% CBN + 5% BB; NTS: CKM ^ \ \TN + 5%
CG; XT6: CKM + 5% \ T N ^ 5% BB. lidn haiili tuong ni nhu d nhan gidng nam caip 2. Cac bich moi trudng cpng khoai mi hi nghiem thuc co ta phat irien khde, dong nhat va cd tdc do lan ta nhanh nhait se dupe chpn de cay cpng meo gidng vao cac bich ca chat nuoi trdng san xuat qua thd nam.
2.2.2 Khio sit ti Id phdi ti-gn phu hop gida cui bdp voi vo trau de tidng nim Van Chi do
Thi nghiem dupe bd tri theo the thuc hoan toan ngau nhien vdi 9 nghiem thtic (NT) img vdi 9 ti le phdi d-on giira ciii bdp (CB) va vd trau (VT), 1 NT ddi chiing 100% miin cua cao su (MC), dupe lap lai 3 lan (30 bjch cochat/lan lap lai). gdm NTI: 100% ciii bap (CB): NT2: 80% CB + 20% VT; NTS: 70% CB + 30% VT;
XT4: 60% CB + 40% VT; NT5: 50% CB + 50% VT; NT6:
40% CB + 60% VT; NT7: 30% CB + 70% VT; NT8: 20%
CB + 80% VT; NT9: 100% VT; NTIO: 100% mim cua cao su. Ciii bap nghien nhuydn va vo trau dupe phdi trpn theo 9 ti le khac nhau, cac nguydn lidu dupe xir ly va u voi nude voi trong (pH = 13), bd sung th^m 5%
cam gao, bd sung them am vao ca chit dd dat 65% dp am, hpn deu, cho vao bich nylon, nen nhe, ddng thdi xoay tron bich dd nguyen lieu dupe ndn ddu vira ch§t tao cic bich ca chat nuoi trdng cd khoi lupng 1,1 kg.
Bupc cd bjch, dung que nhpn dudng kinh khoang 1,5 - 2,0 cm xuyfin vao mieng bich, each day bich khoang 1 cm tao khoang trdng de cay que gidng cap 3, rdi day mipng bich bang mit bong. Cac bich co chat duoc hap khir trimg b lOOX trong 10 - 12 gid, dd ngupi 24 gio va lan lupt cay 1 que gidng cap 3 vao timg bich ca chat da dupe hap khti triing. Uom to nam b nhiet dp phong khong cin anh sang den khi ta Ian day bich phoi, tien hanh h-eo len gian, rach bich (hoac xep len ke, nit nut bong, sdc nhiet) va hidi ddn nam (khoang 3 - 4 lan/ngay) tiiy vao thoi tiet. Nha trong dupe duy di cr didu kien 25 - 28X, 85 - 95% dp am, do sang 700 - 800 lux, thong Ihoang nhung khong cd gio liia. Thai gian ta nam lan kin bich phot, thdi gian bat dau thu hoach qua the nam, nang suat nam dupe theo doi va lam tieu chi danh gia de chpn cong thiie phdi h-pn ca chat phii hpp nhat cho san xuat thu nghiem. ddng thdi ti \% nhidm cting duoc iheodoillO, 11].
30 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 10/2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
2.2.3. Phuong phap xu Iy sd hdu
Sd hdu dupe xii ly thdng ke bang phan mdm SPSS Statistics 22.0 de so sanh gia di trung binh gitia cac nghidm thiie bang phan tich One-Way ANOVA qua kidm dinh Tukey voi dp tin cay 95% khi p < 0,05.
Microsoft Excel 2013 dupe su dung de ve bieu dd hmh cpt.
3. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
3.1. Mdi trudng nhan gidng n ^ Van Chi dd 3.1.1. Mdi tiirdng nhin gidng nam cap 1
M l (PDA) •NT2-CPDA+-10''.NiiOLdira) NT.* (DPA) - 1.200 1
Hinh 1. Tdc dp lan ta cua gidng ne(m c ^ 1 Ghi chd- Cac 0a tri trung binh ctia cac cot trong cung mdc tiidi gian cd cic kytu di cimg khdng gidng nhau till khic biet co y nghia tiidng ke (p < 0,05).
Cic thanh doc (error bar) tien bidu do hmh cot the hien do Idch chuin cua gia tii tivng binh nghidm tiiuc.
MOI d-u6ng PDA duoe bo sung them 10% nuoe dira ctia NT2 cho to- khoe, ddng nhat voi tdc do lan to dling binh nhanh nhat (1,78 cm/ngay), khac biet co y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vai NTI sau 4 ngay cay gidng (Hinh 1). Nude dira chtia mpt sd khoang, vitamin va dinh duong can thiet [7], do vay giup hd soi nam ciia NT2 t^ng trudng manh me. Nghien ctiu cua Nguydn Phuong Uy^n (2005) [5]; Nguydn Didm My va cpng tac vien (2019) [4] khi khao sat moi trudng nhan gidng nam cap 1 cua nam Van Chi eung eho ket qua tuong tu.
3.1.2. Mdi trudng nhan gidng nam cap 2
a NT3: Lua + 5% CBN + 5% CG NT6: Liia + 5% VTN + 5% BB Nga\-1 Ngay 6 NBa\ S \ca> 10 Nga> 12
Thai giao (Ngiy)
• NTLLua K N T 2 Lua +fi";. CG +.^"OBB
• NT4. Liia + 5% CBN ^ 5% BB NT5: Liia + 5% NTN + 5°a<:Q Hinh 2. Tdc dp lan to- ciia gidng c^p 2
Ghi chu; CBN: Ciii bip nghidn; VTN: Vo tiiu nghidn; CG: Cam gao; BB: Bot bip. Cic gii tn trung binh ctia cic cot trong cung mdc thdi gian co cac ky ttr di cimg khdng gidng nhau thi khic bidt cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05). Cic thanh doc (error bar) tien bieu dd hinh cot the hien do Idch chuin cua gia tri trung binh nghidm thtic.
Co chat hat liia hap chin khong bd sung dinh duong cua NTI cho ta khoe, ddng nhat vdi tdc dp lan tadung binh nhanh nhat (0,796 cm/ngay), khac biet CO y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vdi NT2, NTS, NT4, NT5 va NT6 sau 14 ngay cay gidng (Hinh 2). Sau 14 ngay tudi, ta nam da lan kin cac chai gidng nam cap 2 cua NTI. Ket qua nay cung phii hop vdi nghien ctiu trudc day vd hieu qua thay thd iniin cua cao su bang
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON •
ciii bap va vd tram trong nuoi trdng nam Van Chi dd [10, 111- Gidng nam cap 2 cua NTI duoe cay chuyen sang moi trudng nhan gidng nam cap 3 (moi truong cpng khoai mi).
3.1.3. Mdi trudng nhan gidng nam cap 3 Ca chat cpng khoai mi khong bd sung dinh duong cua NTI cung cho to khoe, ddng nhat vdi tdc dd lan ta trung binh nhanh nhat (0,546 cm/ngay).
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KHOA HOC CdHG N o n E
khac bidt co y nghia thdng ke (p < 0.05) so \ITI XT5 va NTS sau 16 ngay cay giong (Hinh 3). Sau 16 ngay tudi, ta nam da lan kin cac bich moi trudng cpng khoai mi ciia NTI .Vghun cm! truoc day ve hieu qua thay thd mim cua cao su bang ciii bap va vo tram
^ 0800
^ 0-"00
^ 0600
": asm
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'i ajoa i '^•^
"l 0.100
0000
i
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trong nuoi d-dng naim Van Chi dd cung cho ket qu tuong tiJ 110.11). Gidng nam cap 3 ciia NTI dupe cay vao eac bich ca chat da phoi ti-pii cm bap va vo trau theo cac cong thtic khac nhau.
• NTI CKM
• NTI CKM-^^oCBN-^'oB
e NT2 CKM-5%CG-5%BB NT> CK.\!-5%VTN-5''(.CG
iSNT3 CKM-5%CBN^5''oCG NT6:CK.M-5%\7N^?%BB Hinh 3. Tdc dd lan ta cua gidng n&n c3ip 3
Gbi cbii: CK\ i Cong khoai nti; CSN: Cui bip nghidn; VTN: Vo tiiu nghidn; CG: Cam gao; BB: Bdt bdp.
C 'at' gia tri trung binh cua cic cdt trong ciing mdc thdi gian cd cic ky tir di cUng khdng gidng nhau thi khic bidt CO y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05). Cic thanh doc (error bar) tidn bidu dd huih cot the hidn dd lech chuan ciia gii tri trung binh nghidm thuc.
rdng la mpt trong nhirng didu kien anh hudng true dep ddn tdc dp lan ta ciia nam trgn ca chat, lam cho spl to dd phat trien xuyen qua ca chat. Ket qua thuc nghidm cung cho thay b cac nghiem thtic (NT7, NTS, NT9) cd ti le vd frau phdi trpn nhidu (> 60%) thi tdc dp lan to cham dan va mat do ta kem. Nguyen nhan la do vd trau co ham luong hemicelluloses, lignin va SiO. cao khien he spi nam phan hiiy ca chat cham hon, ham lupng dinh duong thap, kha nang giir am kem nen he spi ciing phat trien chain, mat dp ta Ian kem chat.
Cac bich phoi a i a NT4, NT5, NT6 xuit hien nu nam kha sdm (23 - 25 ngay sau khi eay gidng nam cap 3), tuy nhien d NT4, NTS c6 thai gian bat d^u cho thu hoach qua the som nhat (46 - 48 ngay sau khi cay gidng nam cap 3). khac biet co y nghia thdng k6 CO su phdi h-dn voi vd h-au nhu d XTI. Theo tP ^ f^*05) so vai cac nghiem thiic khac (> 51 ngay) Fnmpong-Manso va cpng tac vien (2011) [3], v6 trau ^ ' " ^ ^^ •
cd tinh xdp cao, do thoang khi nhieu va cSu tnic hat 3.2. Ti 1$ phdi trOn phii hpp giiia cui bap v i vd tr^u
Cae bich phoi b XTi, NT3, NT4 va NT5 xuat hidn to nam sdm nhat (3 - 4 ngay sau khi cay giong nam cap 3), cho thay to nam da bat dau thich nghi tdt vol CO chat CO ti le phdi trpn uu the vai ciii bap. Tuy nhien, NT4 (60% ciii bap + 40% v6 trau) cho to khoe hon, ddng nhat va lan kin bich phoi nhanh nhat (17 - 18 ngay sau khi cay gidng nam cap 3), khac biet co y nghia thong ke (p < 0,05) so voi NTI, NT6, XT7.
NTS, NT9, NTIO (Hinh 4). Ciii bap cd ham lupng dinh dtrong kha cao la dieu kien thuan lpi cho he spi nam phat tnen nhanh va khoe [Sj. Tuy nhien. do ciii bap su dung trong thuc nghiem dupe nghien nhuydn voi dp min kha cao nen thidu su thong thoang trong bich phoi lam anh hudng den tdc dp lan ta khi khong
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - TH/ !G 10/2019
BCHOA HOC CONG NOME
N T 3 S 0 " o C u i b 5 p - 20°n X I 1 60°o Ciii b a p ^ -Ul-o
•V16 40°o C u i l > S p + dO'-o NTS 20"o Ciiihfip-^ SO-c
Hinh 4. Tlidi gian lan to va thu hoach qua th^
Ghi chii: Cic gii tri tmng binh ciia cac cot trong cung mot giai doan co cac ky tu di cung khong gidng nhau till khic bidt CO y nghia tiidng ke (p<0.05). Cic thanh doc (error bar) tidn bieu dd hinh cdt thd bien dd l^b chuin cua gii til trung binh nghiem thuc.
Nang suat nam thu hoach dat gia tri cao lan lupt b NT4 (79,00 g nam tuoi/bich phoi), NT5 (69.09 g nam tuoi/bich phoi), NT3 (65,70 g nam tuoi/bich phoi) va NTIO (64,00 g nam tuoi/bich phoi) khac biet CO y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vai NTI, NT2, NTS, NT7, NTS va NT9 (Hinh 5). Ket qua the hien nang sujtt nam thu hoach d NT4 dat gia d-i cao nhai 79,00 g nam tuoi/bich phoi, dat hieu suat sinh hpc 20,52%
(205,2 g nam tuoi/kg ca chat kho), khac biet cd y nghia thdng ke (p < 0,05) so vai nghiem thiic ddi chirng (NTIO; 64,00 g nam tuoi/bich phoi, hieu suat sinh hoc 16,62% tuong ting khoang 166,2 g nam tiroi/kg CO chat kho). Nang suat sinh hoc ciia nghiem thirc ldi mi (NT4) h-ong tliu nghiem nay dat dupe trpi hon so vdi nam d-dng b-en ca chat phdi trdn 60% vd dim va 40% mim cua cao su (200 g nam tuoi/kg ca chat kho) [11] va cao hon gap 4,23 lan so voi nam Van Chi (T. versicolor) frdng d-en ca chat mun cua cao su (48,5 g nam hrai/kg ca chat kho) [12]. Tuy nhien, kdt qua nay cho thay nang suat dat duoe khong cao hon so vai nam Van Chi do dupe trdng d-en ca chat phdi U-pn 50% ciii bap va 50% mim cua eao su (343,3 g nam tuoi/kg CO chat kho) d thu nghiem d-uoe dd [10]. Vo trau ngheo dinh duong, giau hemicelluloses, lignm va SiO., nhung it cellulose, ddng thdi nguyen lieu ciii bap sii dung h-ong thuc nghiem nay duoe xay nhuydn voi cau diic hat qua min cd the la nguyen nhan lam giam the tich oxy ben trong bich phoi, han che su phat tridn ciia ta naim va su hinh thanh qua the naim, dan ddn nang suat dat duoc khong cao hon so vdi trdng d-en ciii bap phdi trdn vdi miin cua cao su. Khong cd bich phoi nao bi nhidm tap d-en tat ca cac nghiem thirc eiia thi nghidm.
Hinh 5. NSng sudt n ^ tuoi Ghi chii: NTT 100% cui bip; NT2: 80% cin bip + 20% vo triu: NTS: 70% cdi bip + 30% vo triu; NT4:60%
CUI bip + 40% vo triu; NTS: 50% cui bip + 50% vo tiiu;
NT6: 40% ciii bip ->• 60% vo tiiu; NT7: 30% cui bip + 70% vd triu; NTS: 20% ciii bip + 80% vo tiiu; NIV:
100% vo triu: NTIO: 100% mim cua cao su. Cac gii tii tnmg binh cua cac cot cd cac ky tu di cimg khdng gidng nhau tiii khic bidt cd y nghia thdng kd (p <
0,05). Cac tiianh doc (error bar) tien bieu dd hinh cot tiie hien do lech chuin cua gii tii tiimg binh nghiem thiic.
Hinh 6. Qua thd nam Van Chi (*" ^^dng trfin ca ch^tphdi
Cac bich phoi ciia NT4 cd tdc dp la,, la nhanh nhat vdi thdi gian ta lan kin bich phoi som nhat. Thm
NONG NGHIEP V A PHATTRIEN N O N G THON - KY 1 - THANG 10/2019 33
KHOA HOC COMu n v ^ >
gian xuat hien nu nam va bat dau cho thu hoach qua thd som. ddng thoi thu hoach cho nang suait cao nhat. Qua the thu hoach tu .\T4 co kich thude kha to, thjt nam day, mau sac tuoi, sang va dep hon so vai cac nghidm thiic khac va dam bao dupe chat lupng khi kiem nghidm (Hinh 6). Do vay. cong thue phdi U-pn phii hpp vai ti Ip ciii bap (60%) va vd trau (40%) dupe chpn de xay dung quy dinh san xuat bich phoi gidng va quy trmh trdng nam Van Chi do tren hai loai phu phd pham thir nghiem nay. Ddng thai mo hinh san xuait thir nghiem nam \'an Chi dd tai tinh Ddng Thap cung dupe thue hien dua tren quy trinh nay (Hinh 7).
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H i n h 7. S a d 6 q u y t r i n h s a n x u a t n ^ V a n C h i d o trSn ca chSt p h o i trOn 60% cui b i p va 40% vo t r a u
4. KET LUAN
Moi tnrcmg t h a c h P D A b o s u n g 10% nucrc dira la moi t n r o n g thich h o p d e n h a n g i o n g njini c i p 1. C o c h a t h a t lii:i h a p chin k h o n g b o s u n g d i n h d u o n g la m o i t m o n g phii h o p d e n h a n g i 6 n g n i n c a p 2. N h a n g i o n g n a m c^p 3 thich h o p tri^n c a c h a t c g n g k h o a i mi k h o n g b o s u n g dinh d u o n g . C o n g t h u c ph6i tron chiia 60% ciii b a p va 40V v o trau la t h a n h p h a n co c h a t tfii uu c h o h ^ soi n a m p h a t trien n h a n h n h a t ( t r u n g b i n h 17.1*9 n g a y s a u k h i cay g i o n g n a m c a p 3) va t h u h o a c h q u a t h e s o m n h a t ( t m n g binh 46,32
n.cay sau k h i i.iy g i o n g n i m c a p 3) V<TI laii.C suat c a o n h a t (79.00 g n a m n r o i / b i c h p h o i ) .
iXncAM.au
.\gliien cmi nay duoc su hd ti-o cu.i --^r Klioa hoc va Cong nghe Bdng Thap cimg voi su ddng hanh hd trrrcua Tnrdng Bai hoc Bdng Thap.
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NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 10/2019
<HOA HOC CONG NGHE
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trdng nam Van Chi do {P/cnoponis sanguineus (L.:
PRODUCTION OF Pycnoporus sangumeus ON SUBSTRATES OF CORN COBS AND RICE HULLS
Tran Due Tuong Summary
The objective of this sludy was to assess the potential utilization of com cobs and nce hulls for Pycnoporus sanguineus production in Dong Thap province. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized design wilh 10 treatments (different in substrate with the proportion of com cobs and rice hulls, and control treatment), 3 replications (30 bags/replicalion). Study results showed that al the first phase of culture (spawn production), mycelium got the fastest development speed (1.78 cm/day) on the PDA medium supplemented with 10% coconut water. In the second phase, steamed rice grain was evaluated as the optimal substrate for mycelial growth (0.796 cm/day). For the third phase, boiled cassava stalks was the best substrate for mycelial spreading (0.546 cm/day). The culture medium consists of combination of 60%
com cobs and 40% rice hulls was revealed as the most suitable for P. sanguineus growth that giving the highest yield (79.00 g/bag) with biological efficient (20.52%). Thus, com cobs and nce hulls having the potential to be utilize as alternate substrate for P. sanguineus production in Dong Thap province to achieve high efficiency on the compost consists of combination of com cobs (60%) and nce hulls (40%).
Keywords: fycnopoivs sanguineus, corn cobs, rice bulls, spawn.
Ngudi phan bidn: TS. Nguydn Van Khi6m Ng^y nhan bM: 9/8/2019
Ngay thdng qua phan bidn: 10/9/2019 Ngiy duydt dSng: 17/9/2019
NONGNGHIEPVA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 -THANG 10/2019 35
