Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
9
DIEU KIEN DIA CHAT THUY VAN MO HAM LO KHE CHAM ll-IV k h i k h a i thac phoi hdp h a m 16 v a to t h i e n
For meeting the demands of the great coal productivity, at present, it is necessary to open new mines together with the improvement and increase of the coal capacity at the existing coal mines. One of the key tasks nowadays is to carry out the open and underground coal co-mining activities at the permitted coal mine sites. This paper refers to some initial research results on the geohydrologlcal conditions at Khe Cham II - IV underground coal mines for its open and underground coal co-mining operation
TS. TRtfONG Dtfc Dtf
TS. N G U Y I N VAN CHI
KS. TRAN VAN YET ThS. DANG HONG THANG Vien Khoa hpc Cdng nghe Md -TKV
KS. A.V. TRAVIN VienGiproshakht (LB Nga)
KS. DAO NGOC THANG Cdng ty TNHH MTV than Ha Long
/ ^ I d i nhu cau dap tfng san
^ C>/Itfdng than Idn nhtf hien nay, nganh than Viet Nam can phai day nhanh cong tac xay dtfng cac mo mdi, cai tao nang cdng sua't cac mo hien CO. Tuy nhien, vdi trtf Itfdng va mtfc dp tham dd tai nguyen hien nay, can thiet phai xem xet huy dpng khai thac cac khoang sang than ham 16 ddng thdi vdi khai thac Ip thien phia tren. Nhtf vay, se nay sinh ra't nhieu van de phtfc tap ma nganh cPng nghiep than Viet Nam can phai giai quyet.
Trong nam 2009, Vien KHCN Mo dtfdc Tap doan Cong nghiep Than - Khoang san Viet Nam giao nhiem vu lap dtf an "Dau ttf khai thac mo than Khe Cham ll-IV - Cong ty TNHHMTV than Ha Long-TKV". Vien da ket hdp ciing Vien Thiet ke Mo GIPROSAKT (Lien bang Nga) phdi hpp thtfc hien. Hien nay, dtf an da tioan thanh, dang chd phe duyet va trien khai cac bubc tiep theo. Dtf an da giai quyet dtfdc nhieu v^n de phtfc tap, mdi mh ddi vdi khai thac ham 16 Viet Nam nhtf:
ddng bp ke hoach khai thac Ip thien va ham 16 tren cung mpt mat cat t h i n g dtfng; v^n de
djch dpng bien dang, sut lun anh htfdng ciia khai thac ham 16 den 66 dn djnh ciia cac bd mo Ip thien phia tren; va'n de anh htfdng ciia nd min mo Ip thien den cac dtfdng IP va khai thac ham 16 phi'a dtfdi; van de thao khd khai trtfdng va thoat ntfdc ddi vdi mo ham 16 khi cac cong trtfdng khai thac Ip thien d phfa tren da tao ra cac moong sau tfch tu ntfdc mat b phia tren...
Trong khuon khd bai bao nay, chung toi ehl de cap tdi
"Cac tac nhan anh htfdng den cac dieu kien dja chdt thu9 van mo khi ddng thdi tien hanh khai thac bang cdng nghe Ip thien va cPng nghe ham 16 khoang sang mo Khe Cham ll-IV" ma dtf an da dtfa ra, lam cd sd de giai quyet va'n de thao kho va thoat ntfdc khai trtfdng mo than Khe Cham ll-IV.
Tren cd sd phan tfch eac dieu kien ttf nhien ciia khoang sang Khe Cham, ed ti'nh den van de ddng thdi khai thac Ip thien va ham 16, co the dtfa ra cac tac nhan chi'nh de danh gia cac dieu kien dja chat thu;^
van mo khi khai thac mo Khe Cham ll-IV va tat nhien, dtfdc stf dung lam cd sd de xac djnh
Itfdng ntfdc c6 the chay vao cac dtfdng 16 eCia md dang dtfdc xem xet thiet ke.
Mpt trong nhtfng tac nhan chfnh, phtfc tap la cong tac khai thac cac via than bang cong nghe Ip thien ciia mo than Cao Sdn trtfc tiep tren cac khu vtfc khai thac bang cong nghe ham 16 ciia md Khe Cham ll-IV. Trong moong Ip thien luon xay ra hien ttfdng tfch tu Itfdng ntfdc mtfa va Itfdng ntfdc ngam thoat ttf cac bd tang khai thac. Hien nay, trong cac miia mtfa, Itfdng ntfdc chay vao moong Ip thien mo Cao Sdn dat tdi 6.750 nghin m^. Do vay vdi hai tram bdm dtfdc bd trf tren md phai tien hanh bdm, thoat ntfdc keo dai vdi mpt khoang thdi gian la 7,5 thang. Trong miia mtfa, chieu cao ngap ntfdc cCia moong Ip thien dat den 50 -^
60 m.
De tranh tien hanh cac boat dpng khai thac ham 16 dtfdi cac hang muc chtfa ntfdc va giam nguy ed bue ntfdc do cong tac khai thac Ip thien gay ra, chay vao cac dtfdng 16 khai thac va cac dtfdng 16 chuan bj ciia mo, thi dieu kien chi'nh yeu de tien hanh khai thac bang cong nghe ham 16 dtfdc
KHCNM S6 1+2/2010* CNKT KAM L 6
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
an toan la phai thtfc hien cac bien phap, td chtfc va theo doi thtfdng xuyen eac thong sd thoat ntfdc cua md Ip thien trong sudt qua trinh boat dpng khai thac cCia mo Khe Cham ll-IV.
De giam dtfdc khdi Itfdng ntfdc tfch tu va thdi gian bdm thoat ntfdc mo Ip thien ma cu the la chieu cao ngap nude theo mdc dp phat trien ddi vdi cac cong tac khai thac Ip thien la phai tang cong sua't va sd Itfdng cac tram bdm cua md Ip thien.
Nhan td chi'nh yeu thtf hai, anh htfdng den Itfdng ntfdc chay vao md ham 16, la stf hinh thanh tao cac viing ntft ne din ntfdc. Khi tien hanh cac cong tac khai thac ham 16, dieu nay dan den lam bien ddi ca'u tnic dja cha't thu9 van, dieu kien ca'p ntfdc va che 66 eCia ntfdc dtfdi dat.
Khi khai thac bang cong nghe ham 16, se tao nen mpt td hdp dan ntfdc do anh htfdng ciia cong nghe khai thac. Tren khoang khong gian da khai
thac, se hinh tao nen cac vet ntft dan ntfdc, cac vet ntft nay se chia cat cac Idp da each ntfdc (set ket, bpt ket) va lam cho eac Idp da nay ed quan he thu^ ltfc vdi cac Idp da dan ntfdc (eat ket, eupi san ket) va ta't nhien la ed quan he thu^' ltfc vdi cac dtfdng 16 khai thac ctfa mo d phfa dtfdi. Chieu cao eiia vung chtfa eac vet ntft dan ntfdc nay phu thupc vao dac thu ngudn gdc ciia khoang sang va chieu day kha'u eiia eac via than; vao cau true, thanh phan tram tfch va cac ti'nh chat 66 ben ciia cac loai da bao quanh cac via than.
Danh gia vung cac vet ntft dan ntfdc nay dtfpc tien hanh dtfa tren cd sd phtfdng phap luan ciia Vien VNIMI (Lien bang Nga). Dtf an da la'y chieu day kha'u ciia cac via: Ddi vdi via V 9 « 2 , 5 m; Via V10«4,5 m; Via V11 « 3,0 m va theo tl le phan tram eiia cac loai da set ket trong vach ed ban, thi chieu cao tinh toan ciia vung chtfa cac vet ntft dan ntfdc ttfdng tfng vdi cac via tren se
l a : V 9 : 130 m; V 10: 170 mva V I I : 140 m.
Cac gia trj chieu cao ciia vung chtfa cac vet ntft din ntfdc neu tren deu Idn hon khoang each gitfa cac via than va chieu day ngan each day mo Ip thien Cao Sdn vdi via tren cung V11 ciia mo Khe Cham ll- IV. Nhtf vay, se hinh thanh mpt td hop dan ntfdc nhan tao (do cong nghe khai thac tao ra) lien hoan ttf tru eiia via than phfa dtfdi dtfdc khai thac bang cong nghe ham 16 len den day mo trong ttfdng lai eiia mo Ip thien Cao Sdn.
Do anh htfdng ciia vCing c6 cac vet ntft dan ntfdc ke tren, se dan den dieu kien ca'p ntfdc se manh hdn ttf Itfdng ntfdc mtfa 66 xudng tren cac ranh gidi tien hanh cac cong tac khai thac mo va ntfdc se chay ttf cac via da dtfdc khai thac phfa tren bang cong nghe pha hoa toan phan xudng eac dtfdng 16 khai thac phfa dtfdi.
Tham gia lam ngap md Khe Cham ll-IV co the se la Bang 1. Lupng nude chay vao khai
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KHCNM SO 1+2/2010* D U CO MO
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo
cac thanh phan tha'm th^ng dtfng cCia ntfdc ngam do 66 din ntfdc ciia dat da nam trong vung chtfa eac vet niit dan ntfdc tang len.
De xac djnh Itfpng ntfdc chay vao mo, dtf an da dtfa tren cac phan tfch, tfnh toan stf dung phtfdng phap thu^y*
dpng da dtfpc can ddi ttf eac dtf lieu cDa dja chat thu^ van, ciia tram khf ttfdng thu9 van va cac sd lieu quan trac Itfdng ntfdc chay vao mo thtfc te va khdi Itfdng ntfdc dtfdc bdm thoat tai cac xf nghiep mo dang boat dpng khai thac nhtf mo Khe Cham I va mo Cao Sdn.
Ket qua ti'nh toan, dtf bao Itfdng ntfdc chay vao md Khe Cham ll-IV dtfpc the hien tren bang 1. Cac sd lieu nay la cd sd dau vao cho viec tfnh toan he thdng bdm thoat ntfdc mo Khe Cham ll-IV.
De giai quyet c6 hieu qua nhiem vu dtf bao Itfdng ntfdc chay vao cac dtfdng 16 mo va de xua't cac bien phap phdng ngtfa, khong nhtfng phai td chtfc, kiem tra, giam sat che dp ntfdc dtfdi da't mpt each ed he thdng tren khu vtfc eCia khoang sang, bao gdm cac dot quan trac mtfc ntfdc cOa td hpp chtfa ntfdc, mtfc 66 tham thau Itfdng ntfdc mtfa va Itfdng ntfdc chay vao cac dtfdng 16 dang boat dpng, ma cdn phai tien hanh cac cong tac thtf nghiem 66 tha'm bang phtfdng phap nen ep ntfdc trong cac Id khoan de xac djnh cac dac tfnh dja chat thu^ van cCia
"viing chtfa cac vdt ntft dan ntfdc" tai cac khu vtfc, d dd
trtfdc day da tien hanh khai thac bang cong nghe ham 16 (cu the nhtf mo Khe Cham I).
Cac dot quan trac va thtf nghiem do cho phep chi'nh xac hoa lai cac thong sd tham eiia
"tang chtfa ntfdc do cong nghe khai thac gay ra", cac dieu kien cap ntfdc ciia chung va mdi quan he ttfdng tac eCia chung vdi cac dtfdng 16, danh gia va chinh xac hoa lai eac cong tac dtf bao Itfdng ntfdc chay vao mo, hieu chinh lai thiet ke he thdng thoat ntfdc md va hoan thien td chtfc ddi vdi cong tac dja cha't thu^ van eiia md.
Mang Itfdi, che 66 quan trac can phai tien hanh:
- Cac Id khoan dtfdc bd tri tren mat da't va trong cac dtfdng 16 de quan trac mtfc ntfdc tren cac mtfc tang;
- Cac tram do ntfdc trong cac dtfdng 16 de do Itfu Itfpng ntfdc ddi vdi ttfng khu vtfc rieng biet eCia md;
- Cac tram do thu^ van tren md Ip thien Cao Sdn va tai cac khu vtfc la cac ngudn cap ntfdc cue bp;
- Ngoai ra, trong mang Itfdi quan trac nay cdn can phai bao gdm ca cac Id khoan, dtfdc lap dat cac cam bien nhiet 66 6e c6 the quan trac che 66 ntfdc chay qua.
Mang Itfdi quan trac nay c6 the ddng thdi dtfdc stf dung de kiem tra, giam sat thanh phan hoa hpc ciia ntfdc dtfdi da't, c6 the cho cac thdng tin qui gia, thong bao ve ngudn gdc eiia
cac Itfpng ntfdc chay vao md va dtfdng di cOa chiing den cac dtfdng 16.
Khi thtfc hien cac ddt quan trac danh gia "viing chtfa cac vet ntft dan ntfdc", Itfdng ntfdc chay vao mo va stf bien ddi che dp boat dpng ciia ntfdc dtfdi da't tren khoang sang dang can dtfdc xem xet nghien ctfu, ed the stf dung c6 hieu qua eac mo hinh sd - dja tha'm, hoat dpng ciia ntfdc dtfdi da't, de giai thich cac ket qua quan trac, cho phep dam bao 66 tin cay ddi vdi cac danh gia dtf bao.
Trong thdi gian qua, da soan thao dtfpc cac chtfdng trinh may tfnh chuyen dung, cho phep xem xet cac tac nhan bat ky (khi dii cac dtf lieu ban dau) gay phtfc tap ddi vdi ca'u true eac m6 hinh sd ve cd che dja tha'm ciia ntfdc dtfdi da't trong dieu kien cap ntfdc va thao ntfdc ddi vdi ntfdc dtfdi dat cCia cac qua trinh md hinh phi tuyen tfnh va kh6ng tTnh tai (cac qua trinh dpng). Trong ITnh vtfc dja chat thu^' van, phan mem phd cap ndi tieng nha't la phan mem
"MODFLOW" CO the dtfpc xem la mpt phan mem cd ban de xay dtfng va thtfc hanh tren cac may tfnh ca nhan ve mP hinh thuy - dpng eo mtfc 66 phtfc tap khac nhau.
Tren ed sd phan tfch, danh gia cac nhan td anh htfdng den dieu kien dja chat thu^
van khi khai thac ddng thdi md
KHCNM S 6 1+2/2010* DIA CO MO
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
Ip thien Cao Sdn va mo ham 16 Khe Cham ll-IV, dtf an da xay dtfng va de xua't cac giai phap nham dam bao an toan khai thac ham 16 ve dieu kien thuy van nhtf sau:
- Day nhanh va dtfa vao khai thac sdm md than Khe Cham ll-IV khi day moong Ip thien md Cao Sdn ePn b mtfc nong nham tranh xay ra hien ttfpng "vCing chtfa cac vet ntft"
hinh thanh den day moong.
- Phai ed stf phdi hdp nhjp nhang va gan bd chat che trong qua trinh khai thac md Ip thien Cao Sdn va mo ham 16 Khe Cham ll-IV.
- Bd tri khai thac ham 16 trtfdc tai cac khu vtfc chtfa
trien khai khai thac 16 thien.
- Khai thac ham 16 tai cac khu Vtfc vj tri dtfdi day moong Ip thien (chtfa ntfdc) vao miia kho. Moong Ip thien dtfdc thoat ntfdc ctfdng btfc trong sudt qua trinh khai thac ham 16. Moong Ip thien dtfdc hoan thd sau khi ket thue khai thac dam bao an toan khai thac ham 16. Can tang sd Itfpng tram bdm va cong sua't eiia cac tram bdm de giam khdi Itfdng ntfdc va thdi gian chtfa ntfdc sau cac tran mtfa tai moong Ip thien.
- Td chtfc va theo doi thtfdng xuyen cac thdng sd thoat ntfdc eiia md Ip thien trong sudt qua trinh hoat dpng
khai thac cCia mo Khe Cham ll-IV.
Tom lai, viec danh gia, xac djnh dtfpc cac tac nhan chii yeu anh htfdng den dieu kien dja chat thu9 van lam cd sd de tfnh toan cho cong tac thao kho khoang sang va tinh toan he thdng thoat ntfdc cho md ham 16 khi c6 cac md Ip thien hoat dpng khai thac b phia tren la ra't quan trpng vi mtfc 66 tin cay cang xac thtfc thi cac giai phap dtfa ra se cang hieu qua./.
Tai lieu tham khao:
Bao cao dtf an "Dau ttf khai thac md than Khe Chamll - IV". Cong ty TNHH MTV than Ha Long. TKV.2009.
Ket qua thi nghiem bd sung
^tinh chat cO l y da
ddn vj mang tfnh chat kinh doanh nhtf Tap doan Cong nghiep Than Khoang san Viet Nam deu tran trd :
- Ket qua thi nghiem phai dam bao dtfdc tfnh dai dien phu hpp vdi thtfc te san xua't cCia md, nghTa la sd Itfdng mau dCi Idn dai dien cho toan bp khai trtfdng rpng Idn cua md.
- Cac ket qua thf nghiem phai dam bao dtfpc tfnh thdi stf, hay noi each khac la phai ttfdng thfch vdi hien trang san xuat ciia md, do qua trinh san xua't cua md trong giai doan hien nay c6 san Itfdng cao, khdi Itfpng da't bdc Idn va tdc
(Tiep theo trang 37) 66 dao 16 nhanh.
Djnh htfdng mdi trong cong tac nghien ctfu tfnh cha't cd ly da ciia Vien Khoa hoc Cong nghe Md chac chan se nhan dtfdc stf quan tam ciia cac doanh nghiep, cac chii dau ttf hoat dpng trong fTnh vtfc khai thac md trong va ngoai Tap doan Cong nghiep Than - Khoang san Viet Nam./.
Tai lieu tham khao
1. Ket qua thf nghiem tfnh chat cd ly da va lap ban 66 nham thach qua eac giai doan, do Cong ty Dja chat Md - TKV va Vien Khoa hpc Cong nghe Md thtfc hien qua cac
giai doan.
2. Bao cao ket qua thf nghiem tfnh chat cd ly da va lap ban do nham thach md than Cao Sdn - Cong ty Co phan Than Cao Sdn, Vien Khoa hoe Cdng nghe Md, nam 2008.
3. Bao cao tdng ket de tai
"Nghien etfu tfng dung phtfdng phap xac dinh he sd kien cd cCia da't da md bang phtfdng phap ciia L.I. Baron phuc vu cong tac nd min b cac md Ip thien" - Vien Khoa hpc Cong nghe Md , nam 2005.
4. Htfdng dan Itfa chpn dtf lieu dja ky thuat ddi vdi cac nha dja chat tham dd, do Knight Piesold soan thao va xuat ban, nam 2001.
5. Gidi thieu thiet bj thi nghiem dja chat cong trinh va moi trtfdng, hang EIE International Ltd, nam1993.
KHCNM S 6 1+2/2010* CNKT HAM LO
