IUAT
MOT SO BAT CAP VA GIAI PHAP HOAN THIEN PHAP LUAT VIET NAM
VE DICH v y LOGISTICS
• V6 TH! THANH UNH - N G U Y I N THI THU HOAI
TOM TAT:
Nganh Logistics cd mat tai Viet Nam trong khodng 30 nam trd lai day vdi td'c dp phdt uien vd cung a'n tffdng, gop ph^n thuc day phdt trien kffih td'. Song phap ludt dilu ehinh dich vu logistics chifa thffc stf hoan thidn, con ton tai nhffng bd't cap Iam han che nang life canh tranh ciia doanh nghidp; ddng thdi chffa dilu chinh he't nhu cau phdt irien cua dich vu logistics, E-logistics. Do dd, bai vid't ndy di sau nghidn effu nhffng bat cdp vl phdp ludt trong Unh vffc logistics va difa ra cdc giai phap d l hodn thien phap luat ve linh vffc nay.
TiJf khoa: Logistic, E-logistics, Ludt Thffdng mai.
1. DatvS'ndd
Sau mot Ihdi gian dai phdt trie'n, dich vu logistics da dffdc the che' hda trong Lual Thffdng mai 2005 (Sau day gpi la LTM 2005). Vdi vide ban hanh Nghi dinh sd 163/2017/ND-CP va Chl ihi 21/CT-TTg cua Thu tffdng Chfnh phti da tao nhilu dilu kien thudn Idi cho dich vu logistic phat trien.
Tuy nhidn, sau mdt thcfi gian ngdn thffc hien, cac van ban phdp ly dilu chmh dich vu logistics da bdc Id nhffng bat cdp lam ban che' nang life eanh tranh eua doanh nghiep, dffdi ddy la nhffng bd't cap cua phap ludt v l dich vu logistics.
2. Nhu'ng baft c$p cua phap luSt dieu chinh vl dich vu logistics
2.1. Quy dinh khdi ni$m "dich v^i logistics" d Viet Nam chdd th^ hi$n ro bdn chd't ciia dich vu logistics, thid'u quy dinh vi dich vu E - logistics
Mot id, ve khdi niem "dich vu logistics".
Mot thffdng nhdn dffdc coi la cung ffng dich vu
logistics khi thu'dng nhan do ihffc hien mdt sd eac boat dpng khac nhau nham hd trd cac boat ddng mua bdn hang hda hodc dich vu hau can lien quan den hang hda. Tuy nhien, theo quy dinh tai Dilu 233 Lual Thffdng mai 2005, thu'dng nhan chi can Ihffc hien mot ff-ong cac hanh vi quy dinh tai dilu nay dd la thffc hien dich vu logistics,
Sd dd du'di day cho tha'y logistics khdng phai la mdt hoat dpng ddn le ma la mot chudi cdc boat ddng lien tuc, cd quan he mat thie't va tac dgng qua lai ldn nhau, bao irum mpi ye'u to'tao ndn san pha'm, tff viec nhap nguyen lieu dau vao cho de'n giai doan tidu thu san pha'm cud'i cung. Cac ngudn tai nguyen dau vao khdng chi bao gdm vo'n, vat iff, nhdn Iffc md cdn bao ham ca dich vu, thdng tin va cdng nghd, Cac hoal dgng nay cung dffdc phdi ke'l hdp irong mdt chie'n Iffdc kinh doanh long the' cua doanh nghiep tff lam hoach dinh de'n thffc thi id chffc va trien khai ddng bd tff mua, dff trff, tdn kho.
So 12-Thang 7/2019 13
bao quan, van chuyd'n dd'n thong tin, bao bi, ddng gdi... Nhd vao sff ke't hdp nay. cac boat dgng kinh doanh dffdc hd trd mdt cdch td'i ffu, nhip nhang va hieu qua, tao ra dddc sff thoa mdn khdch hang d mffc dp cao nha't hay mang lai cho hg nhffng gid tri gia tang ldn hdn so vdi dd'i thii canh tranh.
Vf du: Cong ly X thda thuan vdi cdng ty Y {kinh doanh dich vu logistics) vd vide van chuyen hda chat tff kho de'n cang de xud'l khau. Cdng ty Y td chffc theo phffdng an: ddng bao kidn hang, van
chuyen kidn hang tff kho cdng ty • J^" '''^' contanier cang, lam diu tuc thdng kho la: kho cang va xuat kha'u theo dffdng bien. Nhu' \ a>, cong ty Y da thffc hidn mdt sd cac boat dong khac nhau nhdm hd trd cong ty X trong hoal dgng mua ban hang hda, chff khdng ddn thuan la boat dgng van chuyen hang hda.
Vdy, ne'u theo linh than lai Dieu 233 LTM 2005, thffdng nhan chi can thu'c hien mot trong cac hanh vi quy dinh lai dieu nay da la thifc hien dich vu
Sd do Cac thanh phdn va hoqt dpng cd ban cua djch vu logistics'
Cac ngudn luc tu nhien (dat dai, Cff sff vat chat, thiet bi) Nguon nhanluc
Nguon tai chinh
Nguon thong tin
Nghiep vu quan Iy Lap ke
hoach Thuc
hien
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Q u a n tri logistics Nguyen
lieu
Luxi kho trong san xuat
Thanh pham
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Cac hoat dong logistics - Dich vu khdch hang - Lua chou dia diem - Dir bdo nhu cdu kho chira - Thong tin Irong - Tint gain phan phoi -Dong goi - Kiem sodt Imi kho - Xep da hang tra Igi - J 'an chuyen - Phdn logi hdng hoa nguyen vat lieu Van ldi - Qud Irinh dat hdng - LUTI bdi vd luu kho - Dich vii vdphii - Ghi ky ma hieu kien hd tra
Dinh hudng thi trudng (loi
the canh tranh) Tien Igi % e thM gian va
dia diem
\'an chuyen hieu qua den khach hang Tai san sff huu
14 So 12-Thdng 7/2019
LUAT
logistics thi chifa dung thffc te. Tham khdo cac quy dinh ve dich vu logistics d cdc nffdc nhff: Phap, My, Nhat Ban, Singapore... cho thay cac nu'dc dIu cho rang dich vu logistics la mot chudi cung ffng djch vu cd mdt xich vdi nhau. Trong cudn sach hffdng ddn vl dich vu logistics cua USAID deliver project cho rang: "Logistics la mpi bd phan cd'u thanh cua chudi cung ffng bao gdm vide Idn kd'hoach va kiem soat hidu qua dong chay cua hang hda theo ca hai chidu tff diem san xua't den diem lieu Ihu theo yeu cau cua khdch hdng".^
Nhtf vdy, khai niem "dich vu logistics" d Viet Nam chtfa the' hien ro ban chd'l cua dich vu logistics.
Hai Id. ve dich vu E - logistics (dich vu logistics dien td)
Dich vu E-logistics Id mdt loai dieh vu hau can dffdc thu'c hidn thdng qua mdi trtfdng Internet.
E-logistics cd nhffng khdc bidt rat ldn so vdi dich vu logistics truyen thd'ng, mang linh hidn dai va hieu qua cao hdn, hffdng den phdl trie'n theo khuynh hffdng dich vu logistics bdn thff nam (fifth party logistics- 5PL).
Nghi dinh sd 163/2017/ND-CP gian tiep lao dilu kidn cho phep doanh nghiep nffdc ngodi tie'n hdnh hoat dgng logistics d Viet Nam. Tuy nhidn, dich vu nay van chtfa dtfdc khai niem eu the, Nghi dinh sd 163/2017/ND-CP mdi chi ggi ten mot each chung chung vl thtfdng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu Logistics^ Vl vay, nhieu ngtfdi nham lln vl khdi niem va ban chat eua logistics va E - logistics, tff dd danh gid khdng dung vi trf, vai Ird cua boat dgng nay khid'n hoat ddng nay cd nhilu bd't cap.
Them vdo do, phdp Iuat quy dinh hanh vi van chuyd'n hang hda tren dffdng phai cd hda ddn, chffng tff^, "tuy nhien cung vdi sff bung nd eua hoat dpng thffdng mai didn tff mdi ngdy cd hang tram ddn hang, cd ddn hang chi vai chuc nghin ddng thi thffc sff rd't khd cd the' kep hda ddn cho tffng ddn hdng"^ Nhff vay, viec quy dinh mang tinh rang budc vd khdng md rpng cho cac dich vu E - logistics la khdng phii hdp vdi dilu kien thffc te'xa hoi.
2.2. Quy dinh ve dieu ki^n kinh doanh dich vu logistics ldm han ehe quyen td do kinh doanh cua doanh nghiSp
Hidn nay, doanh nghiep ddng ky kinh doanh dich vu logistics dang phai tuan thu cung luc ft nhd't 2 tang dilu kien kmh doanh, mot Id dilu kidn
cho nganh rieng le trong chudi va hai Id dilu kien chung cua chudi logistics khi hi gpi la nganh nghe kinh doanh. Mdi hoat ddng nay ttfdng ffng vdi mdt nganh, nghe kinh doanh vd dffdc dilu chinh bdi phdp lual chuyen nganh. Do vay, doanh nghiep phdi thoa man dilu kien v l khai thud' hai quan hay van lai hang hda, ddng thdi phai cd cai "mii"
dieu kidn cua nganh Logistics ne'u dang ky kinh doanh theo tdn nay. Dilu nay la vd IJ', vffa khdng phuc vu muc tidu quan ly nha nffdc, vffa lam lang chi phi luan thu cua doanh nghiep^.
Viec dang ky kmh doanh dich vu logistics d nffdc la vdn con nhilu ban chd', vd'n dT khdng hi ton tai mot "nganh, nghe" dich vu logistics dpc lap, ndn nd'u cff tid'p tuc giff logistics Id ngdnh nghi kmh doanh co dilu kidn thi doanh nghiep se bi ban che'quyen Iff do kinh doanh.
2.3. Bat eqp ve guy dinh quyen vd nghia v^i cua thUdng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu Logistics
Mot Id, chffa quy dinh cu the' the' nao la "chi phi hdp ly" hoac "ly do chinh ddng" khi xac dinh nghia vu cua doanh nghidp kmh doanh dich vu Igistics.
Nhff da phan tich, cac chu the kinh doanh dich vu logistics cd quyin thoa thuan vdi nhau vl quyin vd nghia vy. Sff ihda thuan cua cdc chu the dtfdc phap ludt dat Idn hdng dIu, trong trffdng hdp cac chu the khdng thoa thuan dffdc ihi theo quy dinh hp cd cac quyin va nghia vu tai Dieu 235 LTM 2005, do la quyin dtfdc htfdng thu lao dich vu va cac chi phi hdp ly khac. Tuy nhidn, "chi phi hdp ly khac" la chi phi gi thi chtfa cd van ban hffdng d§n.
Mat khac, thffdng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu logistics phdi tudn thu cdc quy dinh cua phap ludt va cac nghTa vu da thda thudn trong hdp ddng, trong dd cd vide tudn thu cac chi dan ciia khdch hang. Nd'u cd Iy do chinh ddng vi ldi fch cua khach hang thi thffdng nhan kinh doanh dich vu logistics cd the thffc hidn khdc vdi chi dan cua khdch hang.
Song hien nay chffa cd van ban ndo giai thich thd' nao la Iy do chinh dang. Viec dp dung chu yeu dffa vdo sff thda thudn cua cac ben, neu cdc ben khdng thoa thudn thi rd't khd giai quyd't khi ed tranh cha'p xdy ra,
Hai la, cdc quy dinh ve quyin va nghia vu giffa cdc ben irong hdp ddng dich vu Logistics nam rai rac trong nhilu van ban,
Cac quy dinh vl hdp ddng dich vu logistics
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khong dtfdc tap trung lai mdt vdn ban phdp ly nhd'l dinh ma ndm rai rac d nhieu van ban khdc nhau, gay khd khan trong qud tnnh ki ke't giffa hai bdn.
Dac biet, nd'u thtfdng nhan kinh doanh dich vu logistics theo chudi qua trinh thi viec hinh thanh hdp ddng ddp ffng du cac tidu chuan d cac van ban khdc nhau Id dilu rd't khd, nhd'l la trong chudi dich vu vdn tai.
Ngoai ra, he thd'ng phdp lual ve dich vu logistics khdng cd quy dinh nao dilu chinh vl cac thu tuc, chffng tff. Day cung la mot thie'u sdt cua phap lual Viet Nam ve dich vu Logistics.
2.4. Quy dinh tri&ng hop miin trdeh nhiem do'i vdi thit</ng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu logistics khi ton thd't Id do khuye't tqt cua hdng hoa
Khuyd'l tdt cua hang hda cd 2 loai: thff nha't la loi npi ty, day la loi hang hda ma ngffdi ta cd the nhdn ra dffdc bang mat thffdng; thff hai la loianly, day la Idi ma mat thffdng va cac thie't bi hidn dai cung khd phat hien ra. Theo do, dd'i vdi ldi d'n ty thi vide thtfdng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu logistics dtfdc mien trdch nhidm khi tdn tha'l xay ra la dieu dtfdng nhien. Nhtfng dd'i vdi Idi ndi ty, thtfdng nhan kinh doanh dich vu logistics cd trdch nhidm phai bie't hang hda cd Ihl xdy ra hien Itfdng dd vd, hdng hdc... va iff tinh trang ay, thtfdng nhan kinh doanh dich vu phdi Idn phtfdng an van chuyd'n, lffu khd. sao cho dam bao dtfdc hang hda an loan, khdng hff hai. Trong irffdng hdp ndy, theo quy dinh cua LTM 2005, du day la Idi cua thtfdng nhan kinh doanh dich vu logistics ihi hg vdn dffdc midn trdch nhidm''. Theo tac gid, dieu nay khdng hdp ly vi se gay bd'i Idi cho khach hang sff dung dich vu logistics.
2.5. Quy dinh dinh mdc boi thid/ng thiet fiai vd gidi han trdch nhiem ciia thdcfng nhan kinh doanh dich vu logistics
Nghi dinh sd I63/20I7/ND-CF^ an dmh mffc 500 tridu cho mdi yeu can bdi thffdng, nghTa la khdng can tfnh de'n Iffdng hang hda Id bao nhieu, thffdng nhan kinh doanh dieh vu logistics cung chi bdi thtfdng td'i da 500 tridu ddng cho td't ca ton thd't. Cu the, trffdng hdp khdch hang khong cd thdng bdo trtfdc ve gia tri cua hang hda Ihi gidi han trach nhiem td'i da la 500 trieu ddng dd'i vdi mdi yeu cau bdi thtfdng. Quy dinh nay dan den 2 ba't cap nhff sau:
Mot Id, vide khd'ng chd' mffc bdi thffdng cd the anh hffdng tieu cffc dd'n tfnh cha'l binh dang trong
hoal ddng dich vu logistics. Vi nd gian iiep budc khdch hang phai khai bdo trtfdc gia tri hang hda ne'u mud'n dffdc bdi tbtfdng thda ddng trong trtfcfng hdp cd thidt hai xay ra. Ben canh dd, nhilu trffdng hdp gid iri hdng hda cung la mdt bf mdt^kinh doanh cua thffdng nhdn, viec khai bao cd the gay ra nhieu hdu qua bd't ldi cho ho.
Hai Id. bdn canh quy dinh khdng chd' mffc bdi thtfdng ldi da Id 500 trieu, gidi ban trach nhiem cua thtfdng nhan kmh doanh dich vu logistics cdn dffdc quy dinh "khdng vffdt qua gia iri cua hang hda dd^". Quy dinh nay cang khdng hdp ly, trong thffc te cd nhffng tdn tha't xua'l hidn tai thdi diem hang hda bi hff hong, nhffng cd nhffng tdn thd'l cd tfnh tffdng lai, chang ban do hang hda bi chdm anh hffdng de'n thu nhdp hinh thdnh trong ttfdng lai cua khach hang. VI vdy, quy dinh nay anh htfdng dd'n quyen ldi cua khach hang thud dich vu logistics.
2.6. Quy dinh ve thdm quyen qudn ly dich vu logistics thie'u dong bQ
Ba'l cap ldn nha't hien nay Id he thdng phdp luat dieu chinh boat dpng logistics chtfa ddng bd, chffa quy dinh rd rang v l trdch nhiem va gidi han quan ly giffa cac cd quan nhd ntfdc trong vide quan ly hoat ddng logistics, nhd't la giffa Bg Cong Thtfdng va Bp Giao thong Van tai. Qua dd, dd lam cho viec quan ly vd dilu hanh boat dpng logistics cdn gap rd't nhieu khd khan.
Vi du: Theo quy dinh cua Nghi dinh so 87/2009/ND-CP v l vdn tai da phtfdng thffc va Nghi dinh sd 144/2018/ND-CP sffa ddi Nghi dmh vl van tai da phtfdng thffc (Nghi dinh sd' 87/2009/ND-CP) thi Bd Giao thong Vdn tai la cd quan cd'p giay phep kmh doanh van tai da phffdng thffc. Trong khi do, theo quy dinh cua LTM 2005, Bp Cong Thtfdng la cd quan quan Iy nha ntfdc ve logistics, vide dang ki kinh doanh iai do Sd Kd' hoach va Dau ttf thtfc hidn. Mdi khdc, theo quy dinh cua Dieu 8 Ludt Giao dich didn tff nam 2005, nd'u boat dpng Logistics thong qua cac phtfdng lien didn tff thi hoat dgng nay cdn chiu stf quan ly cua Bd Thong tin va Truyen ihong va Uy ban nhan ddn dnh, thanh phd' trtfc thudc trung tfdng ndi dien ra hoat dong giao dich dien iff.
Nhtf vay, de' thtfc hidn mot dich vu logistics thtfdng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu phai ihone qua nhilu thu tuc hanh chfnh vdi sff quan !y chuydn bidt cua nhilu cd quan nha ntfdc cd thd'm quyen.
Dilu nay lam khd cho cdc thffdng nhan kmh doanh
16 So 12-Thang 7/2019
LUAT
dich vu logistics khi thanh lap doanh nghidp, thtfc hidn nghiep vu cua minh. Ben canh do, cac khoan pM, le phf cung nhilu hdn. Ngoai ra, cd nhilu cd quan tham gia quan ly, nhmig lai chffa cd mpi cd quan dilu hdnh chung ve logistics. Chung la can cd bffdc dot pha trong cong tdc quan ly hoat ddng logistics de tao thudn ldi cho cdc hoal ddng nay phdl trid'n.
3. Dinh huTdng hoan thidn phap luSt ve dich vu logistics d Vidt Nam
Viet Nam mud'n hoan thien phap ludt ndi chung va dich vu logistics ndi rieng, vide phai ddp ffng yeu dw cua ttf do hda thtfdng mai - la viec dd bd nhffng hang rdo do cdc nffdc lap ndn nham lam cho ludng hang hda di chuyen iff nffdc ndy sang nffdc khac dtfdc thuan ldi hdn tren cd sd canh tranh binh dang. Ne'u phap ludt vl dich vu logistics khdng dtfdc dat trong md'i ttfdng quan vdi ydu cau cua tff do hda thffdng mai thi se bi lac hau, rdi rac. Do do, bai vid't d l xud't mot so' gidi phdp hoan thidn phdp luat ve dich vu logistics nhff sau-
Thd nhdt, hodn thien cdc khdi niem co lien quan den dich VM logistics vd E- logistics
- Hoan thidn khdi nidm dich vu logistics Dd'i vdi khdi nidm dich vu logistics, tac gia xin de xuat giai phap sau: thay thd' cum Iff "mot hoac nhieu cdng viec", thanh "mdt sd' hodc ta't ca cdc cdng vide".
Cu the', Dilu 233 LTM cIn dtfdc sffa ddi nhtf sau: "Dich vu logistics la hoal dong thtfdng mai, theo dd thtfdng nhdn td chffc thffc hien mgi so' hoac nhilu cdng vide, bao gdm nhdn hang, van chuyen, ltfu kho, Iffu bai, Idm thu tuc hai quan, cdc thu tuc gid'y td khdc. Iff vd'n khach hang, ddng goi bao bi, ghi ky md hidu, giao hang hoac cdc dich vu khdc cd lidn quan dd'n hang hda Iheo thoa thuan vdi khach hang d l hffdng thu lao. Dich vu logistics dtfdc phidn dm theo tid'ng Viet Id dich vu Id-gi-slic". Vdi each quy dinh nhtf vdy, dd trd Ihanh thtfdng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu logistics, thtfdng nhdn phai cung cd'p il nhd't 2 loai hinh dich vu trong chudi logistics trd len. Hp cd the' vffa cung cd'p dich vu van tai, kho bai va ca thdng quan. Dilu nay se thi hidn dung ban cha'l cua dich vu logistics Irdn thd gidi va cung gdp phin da dang hda loai hinh dich vu nay. Ddng thdi, phdn bidt ro rdng giffa dich vu logistics va dich vu van chuyen hang hda.
Vi du: Dd'i vdi thffdng nhdn chi tham gia van chuyen hdng hda dffdng sat thi dffdc gpi Id kinh
doanh van chuydn hdng hda dtfdng sal, khi do chi chiu stf dieu chinh cua Ludt Dtfdng sal 2017. Chi khi thtfdng nhdn tid'n hanh hdn tuc (2 loai hinh) trong cac boat ddng cua chudi logistics thi mdi dtfdc ggi Id thtfdng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu logistics.
- Hodn thidn khai niem vl E-logistics Dd'i vdi E-logistics, tdc gia manh dan dl xud't khdi mdm nhtf sau: "E-logistics la chudi cdc hoat dpng hd trd di chuyin hang hda Iff ndi san xua't dd'n ndi lieu dung thdng qua cdc giao dich didn iff". Ngoai ra, phdp lual cung can minh bach cac quy dinh ridng bidt v l dich vu logistics truyin thdng va dich vu E -logistics de lao hanh lang phap ly rd rang cho cac doanh nghidp kinh doanh dich vu dien iff, ddng thdi bao ve quyen ldi ngtfdi lieu dung trong giao dich thtfdng mai didn tff.
Thd hai, hodn thien quy dinh ve dieu kien kinh doanh do'i vdi thuang nhdn kinh doanh dich vu logistics
Tdc gia kid'n nghi ndn bd dich vu logistics ra khdi ngdnh nghe kinh doanh cd dieu kien, vi hien nay cdc thffdng nhan kinh doanh dich vu logistics dang chiu 2 ting dilu kidn kinh doanh, day la gdnh nang gay khd khan cho cac doanh nghiep, ldm tdng cac khoan phf tudn thu cua doanh nghidp khi bl ggi la nganh nghi kinh doanh.
Thd ba, hodn thien quy dinh ve quyen vd nghia VIA cua thuong nhdn kinh doanh dich vu Logistics
Mot Id, ndn bo sung cac quy dinh gidi thich rd cac cum tff "chi phf hdp ly khac", "ly do chinh ddng" de tao dieu kien dam bao cho cdc thtfdng nhdn trong qua trinh thtfc hidn quyin va nghia vu cua minh. Tranh irtfdng hdp Idi dung vide phap lual khdng quy dinh cu the gdy hai dd'n quyin va nghTa vu cua ben cdn Iai. Dong thdi, vide quy dmh ro rang hdn nhffng va'n de nay se tao Ihuan Idi trong qua trinh giai quydt cdc vu vide khi tranh chd'p xay ra.
Hai Id, hodn thien quy dinh vl hdp ddng djch vu logistics va quy dmh ve chffng iff trong hoal dgng dich vu logistics.
Dich vu logistics la mpi chudi cdc hanh vi thffdng mai hd't sffc phffc tap ndn phai quy dinh chi tid't ve quyin vd nghia vu cua cac ben trong hdp ddng. Hoan thidn quy dinh vl hdp ddng dich vu logistics can bd sung cac quy dinh sau:
- De xud'l bd sung dieu ludt quy dinh vl hinh Ihffc hdp ddng: "Hdp ddng djch vu logistics phai
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dtfdc ldp thanh van ban hoac hinh thffc khac cd gia tri ttfdng dtfdng".
- Dd xudt hinh thanh mdu hdp ddng logisdcs theo chudi de cac chu the tham gia dl dang tie'n hanh thda thudn, ki kd'l.
- Vd nghTa vu cung cap chffng tff, trong djch vu logistics. Cac chffng tff cd the la chffng tff van tdi, chffng Iff nhap kho, xua'l kho hoac cd the la hda ddn thtfdng mai trong dich vu bdn budn bdn le.., Vi vay cac nhd lam ludt can the chd' hda vd'n dl ndy trong phap Iuat vl dich vu logistics de cac ben dtfa vao dilu khoan bat budc trong hdp ddng.
Thd tu. trtfdng hdp mien trach nhiem ddi vdi thtfdng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu logistics
Theo tac gia, nen sffa ddi quy djnh ve Irffdng hdp mien trdch nhidm "tdn thd't la do khuye't tat cua hang hda" tai diem c, khoan 1, Dieu 237, LTM 2005 thanh 2 ngi dung Id:
- Trffdng hdp mien trdch nhiem dd'i vdi ldi a'n ty: Mien trff trdch nhiem dd'i vdi thtfdng nhdn kinh doanh djch vu logistics trong trtfdng hdp Idi d'n ly hoac do tfnh chd'l ttf nhien cua hang hda.
- Trtfdng hdp mien trdch nhiem dd'i vdi ldi ndi ty: Miln trff trach nhiem dd'i vdi thtfdng nhdn kinh doanh dich vu logistics trong trtfdng hdp Idi npi ty va loi ndy da dffdc phat hien trffdc khi nha cung cd'p dich vu logistics nhdn hdng.
r/it? ndm. hodn thien quy dinh ve gidi han trdch nhiem ddi vdi thuang nhdn kinh doanh dich vu logistics
Tdc gia dl xua't bai bd quy dinh gidi han iiach nhiem tdi da la 500 tridu ddng dd'i vdi mdi ydu clu bdi thtfdng, va thay the' diem a, khoan 3, Dilu 5 ND 163/2017/ND^CP bang quy dinh sau: "Trtfdng hdp cac ben khdng cd ihda thuan thi gidi ban trdch nhidm ddi vdi thtfdng nhdn kinh doanh djch vu logistics se dtfdc gidi han bang mdt ddn vi tinh toan cho mdi ddn vi hay mdi kilogram hang hda".
Viec quy dinh ddn vi tinh toan va ddn vi hang hda dtfdc quy djnh tai cac van ban lien quan dd'n ITnh vtfc do. Vide nay ddng nghia mffc td'i da bdi ihffdng se thay ddi tuy theo sd Iffdng hay kho'i Iffdng hdng hda.
Thd sdu, hodn thien quy dinh ve thdm quyin qudn ly dich vu logistics
Do'i vdi thd'm quyin quan ly dich vu logistics, tac gia de nghj thanh lap Uy ban dieu phd'i lidn ngdnh ve logistics. Dieu nay se giup cho boat ddng quan ly nganh dat hidu qua cao hdn, gdp phan thuc da'y nhanh stf phat tnen cffa nganh dich vu Logistics & Viet Nam.
Trdn day Id mot so' ba't cdp, ban chd' trong quy dinh cua phap lual dilu chinh dich vu logistics va cac kie'n nghi hoan thidn. Tuy nhien, dd dich vu logistics phai trien manh me hdn thi cac ludt chuyen nganh cd lien quan nhtf Bp ludt Hdng hai Vidt Nam ndm 2015, Luat Giao thong dtfdng bd.
cung can dtfdc hodn thidn theo htfdng thd'ng nhd't vd ddng bp ve viec dilu chinh dich vu logistics •
TAI LIEU TRICH DAN;
' Lumber (2000). Strategic logistics management, ISBN-13:978-0256136876. page 3.
^ US/UD deliver project (2011), The logistics Handbook: A practical guide for the supply chain management of health commodities.
^ Xem Khodn 2, Dieu 4. ND 163/2017/ND-CP quy dinh ve dich vu logistics.
^ Khodn 1, Dieu 3. Thong tulien tich .so 64/2015/TTLT-BTC-BCT-BCA-BQP ngdy 8/5/2015
^ Ta Thi Thiiy Trang (2018), Phdp ludt VietNam vi dich vu logistics trong hoat dong thumg mai dien td. Nghien cdu Ldpphdp so'17(369). T9/2018.
^ http://entemews.vn/logistics-co-can-dieu-kien-kinh-doanli-114666.html 7Diem c. khodn 1 Dieu237LudtThuangmgi2005.
* Diem a. khodn 3, Dieu 5 Nghi dmh so 163/2017/ND-CP ve kinh doanh dich vu logistics.
' Diem b. Khodn 3. Dieu 5. Nghi dinh 163/2017/ND-CP ve kinh doanh dich vu logistics
18 So 12-Thang 7/2019
LUAT
TAI Llfeu THAM KHAO:
1. Ludt Thuang mat 2005.
2. Nghi dinh 163/2017/ND-CP ve kinh doanh dich vu logistics.
3. Thong tulien tich so 64/2015/TTLT-BTC-BCT-BCA-BQP ngdy 8/5/2015.
4. Tq Thi Thiiy Trang (2018), Phdp ludt Viet Nam ve dich vu logistics trong hoat dong thuang mai dien tit. Nghiin cicu Ldpphdp. sd 17(369), T9/2018
5. Lamber(2000), Strategic logistics management, ISBN-13: 978-0256136876. page 3
6 USAID deliver project (2011). The logistics Handbook: A practical guide for the supply cham management of health commodities
7. http.Z/enternews vnAogistics-co-can-dieu-kien-kinh-doanh-114666.html
Ngay nh$n bai: 4/6/2019
Ngay phan bien danh gia va sffa chffa: 14/6/2019 Ngay chap nhain dang bai: 2/6/2019 Thdng tin tdc gia:
1. ThS. NCS. V 6 THI THANH LINH Giang vidn Khoa Luslt, Trffng Dal hpc Da Lat 2. ThS. NGUYEN THJ THU HOAI Giang vien Khoa Lu$t, Trff&ng Dai hoc Da Lat
SOME SHORTCOMINGS AND SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE VIETNAM'S LAW ON LOGISTICS SERVICES
• Master. Ph.D student VO THI THANH LINH Lecturer, Faculty of Law, Da Lat University
• Master. NGUYEN THI THU HOAI Lecturer, Faculty of Low/, Do Lot University
ABSTRACT:
Logistics industry has been present in Vietnam for about 30 years with an impressive growth rate, contributing to the country's economic development. However, the law which regulates logistics services is not really completed with shortcomings that limit the competitiveness of logistics businesses. These shortcomings also hinder the development of logistics in general and e-logistics in particular. Therefore, this article studies the legal inadequacies related to the logistics industry and proposes solutions lo overcome these mentioned inadequacies.
Keywords: Logistic, E-logistics, Commercial Law.
So 12-Thang 7/2019 19
