SINH VIEN NGHIEN CUfU KHOA HQC 1 1 1 1 1
GIAI PHAP KHAC PHUC TINH TRANG MAT CAN DOI
TRONG HOAT DQNG DAU Tl/TR^fC TIEP Nl/GfC NGOAI TAI VIET NAM
LS P h a n A i N h a n DH N g a n h a n g TP.HCM
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^c tiiu ciia bdi vie't Id phdn tich thifc trgng mdt cdn dd'i trong hogt dgng ddu tit trifc tie'p nit&c ngodi difa tren ndm tieu chi: ca cdu FDI theo hinh thitc ddu tit, theo dia bdn ddu tit, theo linh vifc ddu tit, theo dd'i tdc ddu tit vd ty li vd'n FDI thifc hiin so v&i vd'n FDI ddng ky. Tren ca sd dd, bdi vie't de xudt nhiing gidi phdp nhdm gidi quye't nhiing vdn de bdt cdp, khdc phuc tinh trgng mdt cdn doi trong hogt dgng FDI, hii&ng t&i xdy difng mgt chien litgc thu hut FDI m&i theo hii&ng phdt trien ben vOng. Nguon so' liiu sit dy,ng trong phdn tich la sd' liiu thd cdp ldy tit cdc bdo cdo, trang web cua Tong c^c Thong ki, C^c Ddu tit Nit&c ngodi giai dogn 1988 1012011.D a t v&'n d e
Ngudn vd'n d i u tff trffc tid'p nffdc ngodi (FDI) ddng vai trd h d t sffc quan t r o n g dd'i vdi sff p h d t t r i d n k i n h td' xd hdi Viet N a m : n a m 2010, vdn FDI chidm 25,8% t d n g vdn d i u tff t o d n xa h d i , d d n g gdp 18,7% vdo GDP, chidm 53,1% t d n g x u a t k h a u ea nffdc, t a o r a vide l a m cho 1,9 tridu lao d d n g trffc t i d p vd h d n g tridu lao ddng g i d n tid'p khdc. Tuy n h i d n , b d n canh nhffng d d n g gdp tich effe, h o a t ddng FDI edn bdc Id khd n b i l u h a n ehd, nhffng vdn d l a n h hffdng tidu effe ddn t i n h b i n vffng eua t a n g trffdng vd chi't Iffdng cudc sdng eua ngffdi d a n ; t r o n g dd ndi b a t la sff m a t cdn ddi trong b o a t ddng d i u tff FDI.
Scf Itftfc l y t h u y e t
Hidn nay, ed n b i l u d i n h nghia k h a e n h a u v l F D I .
T a i Vidt N a m , Ludt D i u tff 2005 chi dffa r a cdc k h d i n i d m v l " d i u tff trffc tid'p"
(Khodn 2, D i l u 3) vd " d i u tff nffdc ngodi" ( K h o a n 12, D i l u 3). Theo dd, k h d i n i d m h o d n e h i n h v l " d i u tff trffc tid'p nffdc ngodi" ed t h d dffdc t d n g h d p tff ede k h d i n i d m t r d n nhff sau: d i u tff trffc t i d p nffdc ngodi Id h i n h thffc d i u tff do n h a d i u tff (NDT) nffdc ngodi dffa vdo V i e t N a m vd'n b a n g t i l n vd cdc t d i s d n h d p p h d p k h d e de t i d n b d n h b o a t d d n g d i u tff vd t h a m gia q u a n ly b o a t d d n g d i u tff.
F D I d d n g vai trd hd't sffc q u a n t r o n g ddi v d i sff p h d t t r i d n k i n h t d xa h d i eua m d t qud'c gia t h d n g qua nhffng d d n g g d p sau ddy:
bd s u n g n g u d n v d n d a p ffng n h u e l u d i u tff p h d t t r i d n xa h d i vd t a n g trffdng k i n h t d ; d d n g g d p v d o n g u d n t h u n g d n s d c h n h d nffdc vd cdc
e d n dd'i vi md; t a e d d n g lan t d a dd'n ede t h d n h p h i n k i n h t d k h d e ; t h u e d a y chuydn giao cdng nghd vd bi quyd't q u a n l y ; t a o cdng d n vide l d m vd n d n g cao c h a t Iffdng n g u d n n h d n Iffe.
B d n c a n h dd, F D I c u n g da t a o r a k h d n g i t t d c d d n g tidu effe dd'i v d i qud'c gia n h d n d i u tff nhff sff p h d t t r i d n k h d n g d d n g d i u giffa cdc n g d n h , cdc v u n g vd eac khu vffe k i n h t d ; t i n h t r a n g l u n g d o a n t h i trffdng eua NDT nffdc n g o d i vd c a n h t r a n h k h d n g c d n sffc giffa d o a n h n g h i d p t r o n g nffdc vd d o a n h n g h i d p F D I ; t i n h t r a n g d n h i l m m d i trffdng n g d y c a n g n g h i d m trong...
Sff m a t c a n dd'i t r o n g b o a t d d n g d i u tff trffc t i d p nffdc ngodi ed t h d dffdc d d n h gid dffa t r d n n a m tidu chi ed b d n : cd cd'u FDI theo h i n h thffc d i u tff, cd ca'u FDI t h e o dia b a n d i u tff, cd cau FDI t h e o l i n h vffe d i u tff, ed eau
Cdngnghe n g s n h d n g wm
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I I I I SINH VIEN NGHIEN CUfU KHOA HQC
FDI theo dd'i tdc d i u tff, tj^
Id vd'n FDI thffc hidn so vdi vd'n FDI ddng ky
Thufc t r a n g mfi't c&n dd'i t r o n g h o a t d ^ n g d ^ u tvt tri^c tiS'p nvtdc n g o & i t a i V i ^ t N a m
ThU nhd't, theo hinh thiic ddu tli
Tinh dd'n thdng 10/2011, sff md't cdn ddi trong cd edfu ede hinh thffc d i u tff FDI dffdc thd hidn bdi sff dp ddo cua hinh thffc 100% vd'n d i u tff nffdc ngodi ed v l sd dff dn l i n gid tri d i u tff (chid'm 77,43% v l sd dff dn vd 61,72% tdng vdn ddng ky).
Trong khi dd, hinh thffc lidn doanh thinh hdnh eho ddn giffa thdp ky 90, nay ehi chid'm 19,38% v l sd dff dn vd 30,35% tdng vdn ddng ky. D i l u ndy mdt mdt thd hidn NDT nffdc ngodi ngdy edng am hidu v l mdi trffdng d i u tff vd phdp ludt cua Vidt Nam, nhffng mdt khde lai chffng td nhffng didm bdt cap trong hinh thffc lidn doanh (khd ndng gdp vdn vd trinh dd qudn ly eua ddi tdc ViQt Nam, khdc bidt vdn hda, bdft ddng f kidn...) khidn hinh thffc nay trd ndn kdm hdp d i n . Stf chdnh iQch trong thu hut vdn FDI giffa hai hinh thffc ndy ed thd tdc ddng ddn khd ndng tidp thu kinh nghidm qudn ly kinh doanh vd edng nghd tff ddi tdc nffdc ngoai bdi vi ndu so sdnh giffa hai hinh thffc thi hinh thffc lidn doanh cd hidu
ppi Cdngnghe n g s n h d n g
qud hdn v l chuydn giao cdng n h i i u ldi thd khde. Cu thd, nghd vd kinh nghidm qudn FDI t^p trung n h i i u nhdt ly ( T r i n Vdn Tho, 2005). d vffng kinh td trong didm
Ddng Nam Bd (ehidm tdi Ngodi ra, ede binh thffc d i u 45,48% Iffdng vdn FDI eua cd tff BOT, BTO, BT hi^n chi ed nffdc), tidp ddn Id vung Bic 14 d\f dn dang tridn khai vdi Trung Bd vd Duydn hdi miln vdn ddng k^ chidm 2,87%, Trung (chidm 24,95%), vung tffdng ddi thdp so vdi nhu Ddng b i n g sdng Hdng (ehidm e l u eua n i n kinh td bdi theo 21,73%). Cdc vung cdn lai ffde t i n h , nhu ciiu dau ti/ cho thu hut diff/c Iffcfng von FDI C(l .s() ha trinfT ciia Vi^t Nam r a t t h a p : Dong bdng song ldn tdi 16 ty USD/ndm t r o n g Ciiu Long (chiem 4,84%);
khi kh;i n d n g d a p ffng ciia Trung du va mien nui phia nha nucfc chi k h o a n g 7-8 ty Bdc (chiem l,38'7r) va Tay USD (Ddc T h d n g , 2010). Nguyen (chiem 0,38%). Cd the noi, sff m a t can dd'i trong Thii hai, theo dia bdn thu hut FDI theo dia ban dau ddu tit tff mot m d t the b i e n sff chenh lech ve t r i n h do p h a t trien Cho de'n nay, FDI da co m a t kinh te giffa cac vung mien, d ta't ca 63 t i n h , t h a n h pho m a t k h a c cung c a n h bao kha trong ca nffdc. Tuy n h i e n , ccf n a n g gia t a n g sff chenh lech eau FDI theo vung con m a t trong p h a t t r i e n kinh te xa can doi va p h a n bd k h o n g hoi giffa cac dia phffcfng dd.
dong deu. P h d n ldn cac dff an Tinh t r a n g m a t can ddi neu FDI chi t a p trung d cac trung t r e n dffgfc giai thich la do:
t a m kinh t e , ndi CO dieu kien (i) Ldi the c a n h t r a n h cua ha t a n g t h u a n ldi, ngudn lao moi vung m i e n la khac nhau dong doi dao, co t r i n h do va dan tdi kha n d n g thu hut Bieu dd 1: Cd cau vdn FDI dang ky phan theo hinh thffc dau txif giai doan 1988-10/2011
2.66"/,,^
2.877,,^ \ 2.36''4^ ^ 0.05%
"^is^^H
•
•
•
•
•
•
100% von nUdc ngoai
Lien doanh
H^p dong BOT, BT, BTO H^p dong hgip tac KD
Cong ty CO phan
Cong ty me con
NguSn: Cue Bdu tU Niidc ngoai (2011)
SINH VIEN NGHIEN ClJfU KHOA HQC 1 1 1 1 FDI khde nhau; (ii) Cdc t i n h , tff vao 18/21 ngdnh trong hd
t h d n h d nhffng viing edn t h d n g phdn ngdnh kinh td n b i l u khd k h a n thffdng chu qud'c ddn, trong dd linh vffe trong thu h u t NDT b a n g cdc cdng nghidp ehd bid'n va che chinh sdch ffu dai, khuyd'n tao v i n Id linh vffe thu but khich d i u tff (ffu ddi gid thud
dd't, dp dung "mdt dd'u, m d t cff a", c a p gia'y p h d p n h a n h hay n o p hd sd d i u tff qua mang...) nhffng lai chffa ddt dung t i m quan t r o n g eua nhidm vu p h d t t r i d n cd sd
n b i l u vd'n FDI nhd't (Bdng 1). Dieu ddng Iffu y Id tuy FDI t i p trung nhieu vdo linh vffe ndy nhffng ngdnh cdng nghidp Vidt Nam v i n chffa cdi thidn dffdc t r i n b dd cdng nghd, gid tri gia tdng t h d p . ha t i n g vd ngudn n h d n Iffe. ndng Iffe canh t r a n h b a n chd'.
Trong khi dd, theo Bdo cdo Trong nhffng ndm g i n ddy, Chi sd' ndng Iffc canh t r a n h ngdnh kinh doanh bd't ddng d p tinh (PCI) 2010, cd dd'n sdn ngdy cdng dffdc n b i l u 88% NDT khdng coi cdc chinh
sdcb ffu ddi, khuyd'n khich d i u tff la yd'u to' then chdt dnh hffdng dd'n quyd't dinh d i u tff eua ho.
Tha ba, ddu tli
theo linh viic
NDT quan tdm, dffng thff hai trong thu h u t FDI. Ndng, ldm nghidp; thuy sdn tuy Id ngdnh thd' m a n h eua nffdc ta nhffng lai la ngdnh thu h u t dffcfc r a t it vd'n FDI do nhieu nguyen n h a n : boat ddng kinh doanh ndng nghidp tiem a n nhieu rui ro, ldi n h u a n t h a p ; n e n ndng nghidp Viet Nam nhin ehung quy md nhd, m a n h
mun, thie'u lidn kd't; chinh sdch thu h u t FDI vdo ndng nghiep chffa thffc sff hdp din...
Tdm lai, nhffng dff dn FDI thffdng tdp trung vdo nhffng ngdnh cd khd ndng sinh Icfi cao vd sinh Igfi ngay, khai thdc dffdc nhffng Idi thd so sdnh vdn cd cua Viet Nam (tdi nguydn phong phu, nhdn Iffc gid rd...).
Trong khi dd, nhffng linh vffe c i n phdt trien ffu tien nhff ha t i n g giao thdng, ndng Iffdng, cdng nghd cao... lai chffa cd cd chd ffu ddi thffc sff hap dan nen chffa thu hut dffdc nhieu vd'n FDI. Dieu ndy gdp p h i n dan tdi sff mat can ddi giffa cdc nganh, cdc linh vffe trong nen kinh te (CIEM, 2009).
Thil tli, theo dd'i tdc ddu tit
Tinh dd'n t h d n g 10/2011, cdc NDT nffdc ngoai da d i u
Bang 1: FDI tai Vidt Nam phdn theo nganh kinh te, tinh dd'n 20/8/2011
Cdc so' lieu d Bang 2 cho tha'y thu hut dau tff FDI tap trung
ChuySn ngdnh
C6ng nghiep ch^ bi^n.che tao Kinh doanh hiit dOng s i n Xfiy diftig
Dich vu luu t n i vk Sn ucTng
San xuat, phan phS^i di§n, khi, nUdc, dilu hoa ThSng tin vk truyen thdng
NghS thuat vk giai tri Vfin t i i kho bai
Nong, Ifim nghiip; thuy s i n Khai k h o i n g
Ban buon, b i n 1^; sufa chiJa Tai chinh, n g i n h i n g , b i o h i l m Y tM va trtf giup xa h5i
Hoat d6ng chuyin m6n, khoa hoc cong nghg Dich vu k h i c
Clip nudc, xii ly chlit t h i i Giao due v i d i o tao
j H i i ^ chfnh v i dich vu hS t r a
Du i n FDI So dif i n
7.914 368 809 312 68 695 128 312 492 69 633
75 73 1.099
111 26 148 103
Ty trpng (%) 58,91
2,74 6,02 2,32 0,51 5,17 0,95 2,32 3,66 0,51 4,71 0,56 0,54 8,18 0,83 0,19 1,10 0,77
Von FDI d i n g ky G i i tri(tri9U
USD) 101.184
46.574 11.959 11.809 7.396 5.233 3.636 3.240 3.185 2.975 1.862 1.322 1.015 844 713 709 352 188
Ty trong (%) 49,55 22,81 5,86 5,78 3,62 2,56 1,78 1,59 1,56 1,46 0,91 0,65 0,50 0,41 0,35 0,35 0,17 0,09 Ngudn: Cue Bdu tuNudc ngodi (2011)
Cdngnghe
Sd 69'Thang
ngan hang H I
•Thang 12/2011 K l l
1 1 if SINH VIEN NGHIEN CUfU KHOA HQC
Bang 2: FDI tai Vidt Nam phan theo ddi tdc dau tff, tinh de'n 20/10/2011
Thuf h a n g doi tac
1 2 3 4 5 6 / 8 9 10
Doi tiic
H^n (^uoc Dai Loan Singapore N h a t Bun Malaysia
BritisliVirginl.slands Hoa Ky
Hong Kong ("•ayman Islaiicis Thdi Lan
So dii ;iii (con h i o u life)
;!.()(;() 2.'.:!()1 968 1.623
392 494 .^)9;{
650
^^:\
264
TAng von FDI d.ing ky (tr-KMi USD)
23.463 2;i.;iK() 23.34.5 22.386 19.148 14.847 11.642 10.906 7.498 .^).7.52
Nguon: Ciiv Ddu tU Nitdc u^oai (2011)
cdc dff d n cd vd'n ddu tff FDI con c h d m , cd h i e n tffgtng mot so' dff d n vdi so' vdn diiu tff moi dff d n len vdi ty USD, ddc b i e t t r o n g linh Vl/c du lich nghi dffdng, hdt d o n g ,san... sau khi dffc/c cap giay p h e p c h a m t r i e n khai so vdi d a n g ky ban ddu, tham chi la k h d n g t r i d n khai dffcfc. Theo k e t qua ra sodt ve vide gidi n g d n von FDI t r e n t o a n qudc eua Bo Kd h o a c h - Dau tff, cd tdi 80%
d d t dai t a i cac dia phiicfng dffcfc c a p p h e p cho NDT nhffng chffa t r i e n khai thffci h i o n ( H o d n g P h u c , 2010) N g u y e n n h d n d a n den s\l m a t cdn ddi giffa vdn dang ky va von thffc h i e n bao nhieu vao 10 qudc gia (trong chenh lech giffa sd ddng ky va
tdng so' 94 qudc gia dau tff vao sd thffc hien cung kha ldn. Ndm
Viet Nam) vdi 10.301 dff an 2008, mac dii Iffcfng vdn dang ki gdm: (i) C d n g t a c cd'p phep, (chie'm 76,619c ) va tong sd vdn dat mffc ky luc (71,7 ty USD), t h a m d i n h cac dff d n dau tii' dang ky la 162,4 ty USD (chiem nhffng ty le vdn thffc hien/vdn k h a de d d i ; (ii) Che tai xd 79,52'7f), trong do cd tdi 7 qudc dang ky cbi cd 16%, tha'p nhat p h a t k h d n g dii t i n h r a n de;
gia thupc chau A ma dan dau la trong vong 20 nam trd lai day. (iii) C d n g t d c thanh tra, gi- Han Qudc va Dai Loan vdi trinh Trong giai doan 2009-2010, ty a m s a t ciia cdc ccf quan chdc do khoa hoc cdng nghe d mffc le nay tang len, dat 52,85Q n d n g chffa c h d t chd, cac cap trung binh tren the gidi. Cung q u a n ly chffa quan t a m thoa theo danh sach top 10 nay, chi T r e n thffc t e , t i n h h i n h d a n g t r o n g hd t r o cac NDT cd My va Nhat Ban la cac nffdc t r i e n khai b o a t d d n g ciia t r i e n k h a i dff a n .
phat trien, trong khi dd mot
sd dd'i tac phat triln khac nhff Hinh 1: Von ddu tM ni^dc ngoai v a o Viet Nam giai doan Phap, Vffomg qudc Anh, Dffc, 2000-2010
Italia., thi Iffcfng vdn con tffcfng dd'i ban che. Day la mpt thiet thdi ldn, ban che kha nang tiep thu cong nghe nguon va trinh dp quan ly tien tien, nhffng hieu ffng tich cffc nhat ciia FDI ddi vdi Viet Nam se khdng cao.
ThU ndm, ty li vd'n thiic hiin so vdi vdn ddng ky Mac dij Iffffng vd'n FDI dang ky dffpc cdng bd kha cao, song sff
Cdngnghe n g a n H d n g
s d 69 •Thang 12/2011
100.00%
90.00%
80.00%
70.00%
60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
0.00%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
• ^ \^n dang ky ^ H \^n thyc hi$n ty 1$ \^n thg-c hi$n/v6n dang ky Nguon: TSng cue Thong ki (2011)
SINH VIEN NGHIEN CUfU KHOA HQC I I I
HI
C a c g i a i p h a p k h ^ c p h u c t i n h t r a n g m&'t c a n dd'i t r o n g h o a t d p n g F D I t a i Vi^t N a m
ThU nhd't, ddi vdi hinh thiic ddu tli: de g i a m sff mdt cdn dd'i ve h i n h thffc d i u tff, rd r a n g e h u n g t a khdng t h d n g a n c a m h a y CO nhffng h i n h thffc c a n t r d vide cdc NDT t h d n h l a p doanh nghidp 100% vd'n nffdc ngodi, t h a y vdo dd, p h a i t i m each lam t d n g t i n h hd'p d d n cua cdc h i n h thffc ddu tff khdc trong m a t ede NDT. Cu thd Id: (i) Ddi vdi h i n h thffc lidn doanh, ve p h i a doanh nghidp t r o n g nffdc, edn xdy dffng m d t chid'n Iffffe ed t i n h dinh hffdng rd r a n g t r o n g ddi b a n , k h a e p h u e sff t h i d u
h u t vd ngudn vdn vd n d n g cao n d n g Iffc quan ly. (ii) Dd'i vdi h i n h thffc h o p ddng BOT, BT, BTO, c a n h o d n t h i d n cof ehd' khuyd'n khich dau tff dffdi ede b i n h thffc n d y (tid'n h d n h m i n h b a c h cdng tdc dd'u thdu...)
Thii hai, dd'i v&i dia bdn ddu tit: de t d n g effdng thu h u t FDI t a i nhffng vung edn nhieu khd khdn, bdn canh ede chinh sdcb ffu ddi ddu tff, ddi hdi phdi tdng effdng ddu tff xdy dffng n h a n h ccf sd ha t d n g ky thudt, dffdng giao thdng, didn, nffdc; ehu trong edng tdc ddo tao ngudn n h d n Iffe ed chdt Iffcfng ddp ffng nhu e l u cua ede NDT. Ddc bidt, chid'n Iffffe phdt tridn cff sd h a t i n g vd nguon n h a n Iffc
can dffcfc xay dffng sao cho mdi tinh cd thd phdt huy cao nhd't Igfi thd' cua dia phffffng minh. Vi du, Ddng bang sdng Cffu Long vdi tiem ndng phdt t r i e n cdng nghidp ehd bid'n ndng, ldm, thuy sdn c i n dau tff vdo phdt t r i e n cdc cdng t r i n h thuy Igfi, he thd'ng kho chffa ndng sdn... Ngodi ra, c i n xdy dffng chid'n Iffcfc lidn kd't vung mien, trong dd t a p trung phdt t r i e n m a n h nhffng ngdnh, linh vffe ma cdc tinh, t h d n h phd' cd Igfi thd' de tao ddng Iffc vd tao dd eho sff phdt trien chung cua todn khu vffe.
Thii ba, dd'i v&i linh vifc ddu tit: (i) Dd'i vdi linh vffe n d n g nghidp, nhd nffdc c i n hodn t h i d n cff ehd', chinh
Congnghe n g a n H d n g p p i
s d 69 'Thang 12/2011 t i £ l
I I I I SINH VIEN NGHIEN CUfU KHOA HQC
sdcb ve khuyd'n khich, hd trcf FDI vdo n d n g nghidp (trong dd chu y cdc chinh sdch ve ffu ddi vd'n, tin dung, thud', dd't dai...); e i n cd sff hd trgf m a n h hon nffa trong vide phdt tridn Cff sd h a t i n g phue vu ndng, ldm nghidp; chu t r p n g ddo tao nghe cho khu vffe ndng t h d n b ^ n g ngu6n vdn ngdn sdcb, cdc ngudn vd'n bd trcf p h d t t r i e n chinh thffc, vien trff phi Chinh phu; (ii) Dd'i vdi linb vffe bd't ddng sdn, e i n chdt che hon trong cdng tdc t h d m dinh, cd'p phdp ddu tff, chi khuyd'n khich cdc dff dn ndo mang lai Ipi ich, tdc ddng td't cho xd hpi; (iii) Dd'i vdi cdc n g d n h cdng nghd cao, e i n hodn t h i d n cff chd' thu h u t FDI (dffn gidn hda cdc tidu chi d d n h gid cdng nghd cao, phu h o p vdi chuan mffc qud'c td'; thffc hidn td't vd'n d l bdo hd quyen sd hffu t r i tud;
ffu ddi thud', hd t r p t a i chinh dd'i vdi dff dn p h d t t r i d n cdng nghd mdi...).
Thii tit, dd'i vdi dd'i tdc ddu til: qud t r i n h d i y m a n h edng n g h i d p hda, h i d n d a i h d a cua dd't nffdc ddi hdi p h d i chu t r p n g n h i e u hffn nffa vdo vide thu h u t FDI tff cdc dd'i tdc t i e m n d n g ldn nhff Hoa Ky, EU, N h d t Bdn vi cdc ddi tdc n d y se eung cd'p k h d n g chi Iffffng vd'n ddi ddo md edn ed edng nghd ngudn hodc g a n ngudn. Dd thffc h i e n dieu n a y , e i n ddi mdi cdng tdc xuc t i d n d i u tff: t a n g effdng ede dodn v d n ddng, t h u h u t d i u tff t h e o phffpng thffc l a m vide
Cong ngh# n g s i n l i d n g
s d 69'Thdng 12/2011
trffc tid'p vdi cdc t d p dodn da qud'c gia; thie't kd' e h i n h sdch r i d n g b i ^ t , cu t h d ddi vdi tffng t 4 p dodn vd cdc dd'i tdc t r p n g didm nhff cdc qudc gia t h d n h vien EU, Hoa Kj^, N h d t Bdn...; ehu d d n g t i d p cdn vd hd trcf cdc NDT t i i m n d n g cd nhu c l u d i u tff vdo Vi^t N a m .
Thti ndm, dd'i vdi ty li vdn thifc hiin so vdi vdn ddng k^: (i) Ndng cao chdt Iffffng cdng tdc thdm dinh cdc dff dn d i u tff (thidt ldp cdc tidu ehi t h d m dinh chdt che, rd r d n g v l ndng Iffe tdi cbinh eua NDT, tinh bi^u qua cua dff dn, khd ndng ddp ffng cdc d i l u kipn ma dff dn ydu clu...);
(ii) Thffdng xuydn tid'n b d n h rd sodt thffc t r a n g cua cdc dff dn dd cap gid'y chffng n h d n d i u tff t r d n dia bdn, ddng thdi cd hffdng xff ly kip thdi dd'i vdi tffng loai dff dn. Nd'u nguydn n h d n chdm t r i e n khai lien quan tdi giao dd't, thu tuc h d n h ehinh, phd duydt quy hoach, Cff sd ha t i n g , ngudn n h d n Iffc... thi cff quan ehffe ndng e i n phd'i h o p vdi doanh nghidp chu ddng thdo gd.
Ngffcfc lai, dd'i vdi trffdng hffp NDT khdng du n d n g Iffe tdi ehinh, cdc dff dn kdo ddi, kdm hidu qud, c i n sdm thu bdi gi- d'y chffng n h d n d i u tff de tao cff hpi cho ede NDT cd t i e m n d n g khdc"
Tai li^u tham khdo
1. Phong Thuang mqi vd Cdng Nghiip Viit Nam - VCCI (2011). Du dn sdng kiin canh tranh Viit Nam (USAID/
VNCI). Chi ed ndng life canh tranh.
cdp tinh cda Vi$t Nam ndm 2010, Hd N(?i.
2. Vi$n nghiin citu qudn ly kinh ti Trung uang - CIEM (2009). Ndng cao hi^u qud thu hut vd sd diing vdn ddu tu trifc tiip nudc ngodi tqi Vi^t Nam, Hd N(}i.
3. Tdng cite Thdng ki (2011). Niin gidm thdng ki 2010 (tdm tdt). Nhd xudt bdn Thdng ki, Hd N^i.
4. Trdn Vdn Thg (2005). Biin d^ng kinh ti Ddng A vd con dudng cdng nghidp hda Vi^t Nam. Nhd xudt bdn Chinh trf Qudc gia, Hd N^i.
5. Cue Ddu tu Nudc ngodi (2011).
Tinh hinh ddu tu trifc tUp nudc ngodi 10 thdng ndm 2011.
http: / /fia.mpi.gov.vn/News.
aspx?ctl=newsdetail&aID=1120.
6. Hodng Phuc (2010). Cdu chuy$n thu hut FDI vd hiiu qud ddu tu. http:II www.taichinhdientu.vn/Home/Cau- ehuyen-thu-hut-FDI-va-hieu-qua-dau- tu/20105/873 lO.dfis.
7. Ddc Thdng 12010). Md cda cho PPP cdc du dn giao thSng.http:/ /xay- dungbg.com /diendan Ishowthread.
php?p=53443.
