D I E N D A N T R A O D O I G i u p Vift Nam day m a n h hon n u a tai co
cau n e n k i n h te
Ben canh nhiing co hpi neu tren, Bd trudng Vii Huy Hoang khang djnh: Vife tham gia eae FTA ciing se dgt ra nhieu thach thiic cho kinh te'va thuong mai trong nude bdi eae hifp dinh nay, eu tiie la Hiep dinh TPP khdng ehi ed phgm vi dieu ehinh rat rpng ma cdn la mdt hifp djnh cd miic dp ty do hda eao va sau.
Tham gia cac FTA, DN Viet Nam se phai dd'i mat vdi nhiing yeu cau, tieu ehuan cao ve chat lupng hang hda, chju siic ep phai tuan thii cac dieu khoan quy djnh ve vf sinh, moi trudng, lao dpng va quy trinh eong nghf... Day vira la eo hdi de ty nang eao nang luc, vira la thach thiic dd'i vdi DN eiia Vift Nam.
Ben cgnh do, vah de dgt ra la iam sao de cac DN xuat khau tgn dung dupe td'i da eae Ipi ich ma cae FTA nay mang lai de day mgnh xuat khau, md rpng thj trudng.
Hifn nay, "van edn mot so' DN ehua thyc s y quan tam den cac FTA nay. Su thie'u quan tam nay lam eho DN mat di Ipi ich ve thuC kha nang eanh tianh, hang hda tren thi trudng qud'c te*'- Bd trudng Cdng Thuong luu y.
Vifc ky ket Hifp djnh TPP eiing la "eo hpi de ngudi dan Vift Nam dupe tiep can vdi ngudn hang hda ed chat lupng, phong phii, da dgng ve ehimg loai va gia ea. Hifp djnh TPP ciing giup tgo ra mdi trudng chinh sach rd rang, minh bgeh va dn djnh, tgo dieu kifn thugn Ipi eho boat dpng dau tu va kinh doanh, qua do, giiip Vift Nam day manh hon niia cdng cupe tai eo ca'u nen kinh te^
ehuyen doi md hinh tang trudng, tir dd dem Igi nhieu Ipi ich cho nguoi dan Viet Nam"- Bp tiudng Vu Huy Hoang nhan djnh.
Trong thoi gian tdi, ben canh vifc dam phan md cira thj trudng, Bd Cdng Thuong se tiep tyc tang cudng tuyen truyen, pho bieh tdi DN, hifp hdi ve cae hifp djnh da va dang ky ke't, tgo dieu kifn cho cae DN tan (iyng toi da loi ich tir cac hifp djnh mang lai.
Ddng thdi phd'i hpp vdi eac Bd, nganh nghien eiiu, de xuat eae giai phap de day mgnh thu hut dau tu tiong va ngoai nude vao cac d y an tiong ehudi eung iing, san xuat hang xuat khau, hudng tdi tang ty If npi dia hda, nang cao gia tri gia tang cho cac san pham xuat khau.
NguSn tin: VOV
2015: NAM CUA HOI NHAP
Le Hieu Viet ^j
T
rong nam nay, Viet Nam se ky ket hoac ket thdc ddm phdn khoang 6 Hiep dinh thuang mqi tu do (FTA) cd song phuatig vd da phuang, chua ke'hdng loqt cdc FTA da cd hi^ luc vd dang tren Id trinh cat gidm thui' quan. Nhieu nhd kinh te vi nam 2015 Id"nam cua hdi nhqp", vay ca hdi ma ra cho Vi$t Nam la gi, di kem thdch thiic ra sao?.
Co hpi Idn
Chi trong ma'y tu&i eud'i nam 2014, Vift Nam da ket thiic dam phan 2 FTA
quan trpng vdi Lien minh Hai quan Nga - Belarus - Kazakhstan va Han Quoc. Ngoai ra, theo ke'hoaeh nam 2015, hang logt hifp dinh khac eiing ed hifu lye hoac se dupe ky ke't, n h u hinh thanh Cpng dong kinh te ASEAN (AEC); Hifp djnh ddi tae kinh te toan dien khu vue giiia 10 nude ASEAN va 6 nude dd'i tae (RCEP); FTA vdi Lien minh chau Au; Hiep dinh Dd'i tae xuyen Thai Binh Duong (TPP); tie'p hie c^t giam thue quan theo cam ket tham gia Td ehire Thuong mgi The'gioi (WTO)...
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DIEN D A N TRAO D O I
Nhiing hiep djnh tren se md ra cho Vift Nam vgn hdi mdi de hdi nhgp va phat trieh, khi thj trudng xuat khau cae mat hang tiuyen thdhg ciia nude ta dupe md rpng, nhu: Cae mgt hang ndng, lam, tiiiiy san, df t may, da giay...
Trong chuyeh tiiam Vift Nam hdi thang 8/2014, dng Pascal Lamy (nguyen Tdng Giam dd'e WTO) cho rang: De tan dyng eo hpi WTO va cae hifp djnh thuang mgi ty do sap tdi, Viet Nam can tap trung vao 3 diem:
Thugn Ipi hda thuang mai, logistics va hai hda quy djnh phap lugt vdi cac nude.
"Viet Nam ed bd may quan lieu kha cdng kenh, khie'n kha nang canh tianh ciia eae nha xuat - nhap khau gap nhieu ganh ngng, khi chi phi hanh ehinh chiein khoang 10% gia tij hang hda va nd se duoc tinh vao gia ban cho ngudi tieu dimg", dng Pascal Lamy ndi.
Theo dng Pascal Lamy, Viet Nam phai ehpn dupe uu tien cho minh, Ipi the' d dau de tgo dupe san pham canh tianh vdi chat lupng tdt nha't, gia ca phai ehang nhat.
Trao ddi vdi PV Tien Phong, Bd trudng KH&DT Bili Quang Vinh cho biet, nam 2015 se md ra hang logt cae FTA, day la co hpi rat Idn cho tang trudng kinh te. Theo do, eo hdi se deh khi md rpng thi trudng xuat khau hang Vift, dae biet la cac mat hang ndng san, df t may. Tir dd tao nhieu viec lam, gia trj gia tang eao hon, dem Igi Ipi ich cho ngudi san xuat va xa hdi.
Bd trudng Vinh dan ehiing, FTA vira ket tiiiic dam phan vdi Lien minh Hai quan Nga- Belarus - Kazakhstan se md ra co hdi xuat khau san pham ca tia, ba sa (ehiing ta dang du thira) vao nhiing nude nay, khi yeu cau nhimg nude nay ciing khdng qua cao.
"Neu chiing ta khai thac dupe va chuan bj san sang de chop dupe thdi eo dd, mye tieu tang trudng GDP 6,2% nam nay eung khong qua khd", Bp trudng Vinh ndi.
Ngay 5/12/2014, tgi Diln dan Dd'i tac phat trieh Vift Nam 2014 (VDPF), Thu
tudng Nguyen Tah Diing khang djnh, Vift Nam da va dang ehii ddng hpi nhgp quoc te', thyc hifn day du va hifu qua cac hiep dinh da ky. Nam 2015, Viet Nam tie'p tuc dam phan va ket thiic 6 FTA mdi.
"Tren co sd dd Vift Nam cam ket tao mpi thuan Ipi de thiic day manh thuong mai va thu hiit dau tu vao Vift Nam", Thu tudng ndi. De lam dupe dieu dd, theo ngudi tiling dau Chinh phu, myc tieu nam 2015 la day manh tai co ca'u kinh te^
chuyeh doi md hinh tang trudng, nang cao nang lue eanh tranh.
Trong dd, tgp trung tai co eau thj trudng, theo h u d n g phat tiieh mgnh thj trudng tiong nude va da dgng hda thj trudng ngoai nude, khdng de phy thuoc Idn vao bat ke thj trudng nao...
Bai hpc tir WTO
Khi hdi nhgp, co hpi cho kinh te Vift Nam rat nhieu. Tuy nhien, vah de la tgn dung va phat huy nd the nao? Nhin Igi 20 nam md cira cua Vift Nam, TS Nguyen Diic Thanh, Vifn trudng Vifn Nghien cihi Kinh t&' va Chinh saeh (DH Qude gia HN), canh bao nguy co ve mdt "cai bSy ciia ty do hda thuong mai". Dae biet, cai each the ehe kinh t^' trong nude khdng nhu ky vpng khieh nhieu ngudi hoai nghi ve tie'n tiinh hdi nhap.
Tai khdng it dien dan ban ve hdi nhap, nguyen Phd Thii tudng Vii Khoan dio rang, khi tham gia vao AEC va eac FTA, Vift Nam esui djnh vj eae edng ddng, do!
tae nam d dau, quan hf hdi nhap nhu the nao. Tir do, ehiing ta can thiet ke mpt ke hogch tdng the hdi nhgp de cam ket, lp trinh lam sao cho hai hda.
"Ni'u chdng ta khai thdc dugc vd chuan hi sdn sdng di'chgp dugc thdi co tii cdc hiep dinh thuang mqi tu do, mqc tieu tang trudng GDP 6,2% nam nay se khdng qud khd".
B6 trudng KH&DT Bui Quang Vinh
76 IfllVT Rhnn mini S n S . 901!!
D I E N D A N T R A O D O I Ddng tinh quan diem, TS Vii Tie'n Lpc,
Chu tieh Phdng Thuong mai va Cdng nghifp Vift Nam (VCCI) cho rang: Sau nhung tieh cye cua WTO, khi eai each tiie ehe' chiing lai mpi thii hit dau chiing xudhg, CO ve n h u kinh te Viet Nam dang mong manh hon so vdi kinh te the gidi.
The hifn d eon so' tang trudng khdng dgt nhu ky vpng (giai dogn 2007-2011, GDP dgt khoang 6,5%, thap hon so vdi miic 7,8% thdi ky 2002-2006; ndng nghiep phat tiien khdng thuan, ehi tang 3,4 %, thap hon miic tang eiia nhihig nam Viet Nam chua vao WTO)...
"Phai chang DN chua tan dung dupe co hpi WTO, aen ehua dat toe dp tang trudng nhu mong mudn", dng Lpc dat eau hdi.
Chuyen gia kinh te' - TS. Le Dang Doanh dua ra canh bao, khi hdi nhgp Vift Nam phai cgnh tianh nhieu hon, dgc bift vdi hau het eae nude trong ASEAN cd kinh te tuong ddng Vift Nam.
TS Doanh eho rang, can nit ra bai hpc sau hpi nhap WTO nam 2007, khi do dau tu nude ngoai tang len h a n 70 ty USD. Tuy nhien, thay vi cai each the ehe^ nang cao nang lye san xua't, cgnh tianh ciia DN de ha'p thy vdh, ehiing ta Igi di ngupc, dem von ao at dau t u vao bat dpng san (len tdi 1 trieu ty ddng).
Cac tap doan nha n u d e lap ra roi da dang hda dau t u vao tai ehinh, bat ddng san... nhiing linh vue doanh nghifp nha nude khdng nen lam. De tdi nay bong bong bat ddng san chua giai quyet dupe, n p xa'u Idn.
"Rut kinh nghifm tir viee tham gia WTO, chiing ta can chuan bj ndi lyc ky.
Dong thdi, can ddi mdi the ehe kinh te de tgn dyng co hpi khi md cua va nang sue cgnh tianh eua cac DN", dng Vii Khoan ndi.
TS. Vd Tri Thanh, Phd Vifn trudng Vifn Nghien ciiu Quan ly Kinh te Trung u(mg (CIEM) cho bie't, vira qua DN Viet da Idn hon nhieu sau eac vy kifn ban pha gia, nhung con nhieu khie'm khuyet (nhu ye'u eua DN ve vdh, cdng nghf, ky nSng quan ly, nhin ngan hgn...).
Ddng thdi, DN phai hpc ca ket ncTi, ehudi, mgng san xuat, phan phoi theo hudng phat tiien ben viing, chia se Ipi ich;
hpc each ddng hanh vdi phap ly de bao vf Ipi ich ciia minh, tham gia cimg Chinh phu tiong eac dam phan thuong mgi. "Kinh te md cua se tao eanh tianh quyet lift, DN phai y thiie dupe dieu do de chuah bj, khdng phai nude tdi chan mdi nhay", TS Thanh ndi.
Vdi Bp trudng Biii Quang Vinh, dang lo nhat la cae co quan nha nude cii ndi, cdn DN van khdng de tam. "Tdi ggp mdt sd'DN hp ndi chiing tdi khdng biet gi ve cai nay (cae FTA - PV), nghe bp trudng ndi the thi qua tuyf t. N h u vay rat nguy hiem. Quan tipng la thdng tin tdi DN, gid eii ndi cac FTA la hay, cd loi, nhung DN phai lam gi, chuan bj gi, nha nude hd tip the' nao deu phai tinh tdi", Bp trudng Vinh ndi.
Theo ngudi diing dau nganh Ke'hoaeh va dau tu, khi AEC thanh lap vao nam 2015, se tgo ra thj trudng t y do luan chuyeh hang hda, lao ddng, ky thuat tiong 10 nude ASEAN; nam 2018, khi eac FTA cd hifu lye 100% (thue ve 0%), d td nhgp khau se tian ngap thj trudng...
Ngudi tieu dimg nghe thi phah khdi vi dupe mua hang gia re chat lupng cao, nhung chung ta se bop chet het cae nganh san xuat tiong nude va hoan toan phu thupc vao nude ngoai.
"Nen kinh te san xuat khdng phat tiieh, chi cd tieu dimg se khdng ton tgi. Lue do DN ehe't, that nghifp tang, day la mot n^n kinh te rat ba'p benh. Dd la thach thiie khi chiing ta hpi rihgp, tdi rat lo ling dieu nay", Bd trudng Vinh ndi.
Theo Bp trudng Bui Quang Vinh, ben cgnh quyet tam dam phan de ky ket dupe cac FTA, phai tuyen truyen de co quan nha nude, DN, ngudi dan biet; len doi sach vdi tirng ea'p, timg nganh, tham chi timg DN de ling phd, tim co hdi dau tu.
NguSn: wwio.tienphong vn
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D l i N DAN TRAO DOI
HOI NHAP NXJOC DEN CHAN ROI oK-l^)
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i$t Nam da dqt mgt chdn vdo bin trong canh cita hgi nhqp sau vd rgng vdi kinh tetodn cau nhung rat nhieu doanh nghiep van cdn thd a, chua quan tdm vd dau tu dung mdc cho vqn hgi mdi,Trong khi doanh nghifp (DN) eae nude da sdm nhgn ra nhirng Ipi the eua Vift Nam khi tham gia cac Hifp djnh Thuong mgi ty do (FTA), nhat la Hifp djnh Doi tac kinh te xuyen Thai Binh Duong (TPP) va da d gt dau tu vao nude ta de ddn dau co hpi tir hpi nhgp cua Vift Nam, thi nhieu DN trong nude Igi dung dinh dung ngoai.
Con thd o trudc vgn hpi Ion
Trong 8 FTA ma Vift Nam dang hoac da ky ket dam phan, FTA vdi Lien minh chau Au (EU), Han Qud'c va vdi Lien minh thue' quan gom Nga, Belarus va Kazakhstan ed kha nang ket thiic dam phan va ky ket tiong nam 2015. O pham vi khu vue, vife thanh lap Cdng dong Kinh te' ASEAN (AEC) d y kieh cung hinh thanh vao eudl nam nay.
J^p dodn Hodng Anh Gia Lai vita ra mdt thit bo Uc tuai song duac dau tu nuoi a Ldo
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Thanh Nhdn
Theo TS Vd Tri Thanh, Phd Vifn trudng Vifn Nguyen eiiu Quan ly kinh te trung uong (CIEM), chi ed tren 30% DN Vift Nam eho biet s i n sang hpi nhap, gan 70% DN van cdn thie'u hieu biet ve AEC.
d n g Thanh cho rang DN phai nhan thiic ve AEC mpt each day dii hon, xem day la mpt thj trudng de nam hit co hdi ket noi vdi cae ehudi san xuat eiia khu vyc va the'gioi.
TS Cao SI Kiem, Chii tjch Hifp hdi DN nhd va vira Viet Nam, eho rang ngay ca DN hogt dpng d 2 thanh pho Idn la Ha Npi va TP HCM eiing rat lo m o ve hdi nhap.
Trong khi do, DN mdi la ddi tupng ehinh tham gia hpi nhap nen can hieu cac tieu ehi hpi nhgp, phan edng cy the thi mdi cd the canh tranh ngang ngua vdi DN eac nude.
Trong TPP, Vift Nam dupe xe'p la quoc gia phat tiieh kem nha't, trong AEC thi nam trong top qud'c gia phat tiieh trung binh.
Theo dng Pham Ngpc Hung, Phd Chii tjch Hifp hpi DN TP HCM, nguyen tae ehung eua bat ky eupe choi nao ciing la
"biet ngudi biet ta - tram tran tiam thang".
Bay nam gia nhgp WTO, de'n nay, van con khdng it DN khdng biet Vift Nam cam ket gi va dupe gi tir to ehiie nay. Vdi cac hiep dinh dang dam phan, phan Idn DN ehi biet mpt each ehung chung. Id md ehii khdng nam dupe hp se dupe loi gi, thift gi tir eac ky ket a'y.
"Lau nay DN san xua't, xuat khau theo dgt hang tir dd'i tae nen khdng quan tam deh hdi nhap hoac chi tim hieu qua loa vi cho rang khdng anh hudng deh viec lam an cua minh. Nhiing DN. nhd thi chpn thj trudng ngaeh tiong nude nen ciing khdng quan tam. Trong tuong lai gan, DN, hang hda eac nude tian vao Viet Nam nhieu hon, DN trong nude s e k h d tid tay" - dng Hung danh gia.
•fUl/T Phon r On 9 _ qni c
