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Administration decentralization in state management is division of Jurisdiction and accountabilitybetween government levels while ensuring the match between competence given to a government level and govermnent capacity and the actual situation of that locaUty: aunmg at quahty, efBciency, and effectiveness of state management. It is crucial to pay atiention to administration decentralization m state management of culture and work out practical solutions to develop a modem culture embedded with national identity in Vietnam.
1. Phto edp quto ly nha nudc vd vto cuong nham nang cao bieu luc, hieu qua hda giOa cto cap chinh quydn dia phuong QLNN, thuc day phat trien kinh te - xa hpi
Thd nhat, phiin cap quan ly la mdt xu Nhii nudc ta da cd ehi trucmg ve phan hudng tat yen khach quan vii la mpt yeu cap cho ehinh quyen dia phuang tiongviec eau quan trpng nham dap ung dpi hdi cia quyet dinh quy hoach, ke hoach phat ttien edng cupc ddi mdi dat nude. Thue hien kinh te - xa hdi eua dia phuong, quyen phan cap quan Iy nha nudc (QLNN) nham quyet dinh du to dau tu trong nudc va dau phat huy tinh nang ddng, stog tao, quydn tu nudc ngoai, phto bd vii dieu htoh ngan tu chi, tu chiu traeh nhiem cua dia saeh dia phuong, quan ly dat dai tai phuang tren ca sd phan dinh rd, cu the nguyen, doanh nghiep, quan ly cto boat nhiem vu, quyto ban, trach nhiem cia mdi ddng su nghiep va quydt djnh mdt sd vto ii cap ehinh quyen trong bd may chinh ve td ehue bo may va can bd, cdng chiic quyen nha nudc; ddng thdi, bao dam su
quan ly tap trung, thdng nhat va thdng
sudt cua Chinh phi, tang eudng ky Iuat, ky * ThS, Hpc vien Hanh chinh Quoc gia TAP CHi QUAN LY NHA NUCTC - SO 255 (4/20171
NGHIEN CU'U-TRAODOI Thti hai, vi§c day manh thuc hien phan
cap trong thai gian qua da dupx: ididng dinh b ^ g chu truong ciia Dang qua cac ky dai hpi va nhan manh phan cap la phu hpp vol yeu cau hpi nhap va phat trien nen kinh t^ thi truong dinh huong xa hpi chu nghia.
Dai hpi VI cua Dang da chi ra viec xoa bo ca che k€ hoach hoa tap trung, bao cap chuyen sang co che quan ly mai theo huong: "phai kien quyet thuc hien phan cap quan ly theo nguyen tic tap trung dan chu" nhu mpt tat yeu khach quan. Dai hpi VII tiep tuc khang dinh: "Xac dinh lai chiic nang, nhiem vu cua cap tinh, huyen, xa di sip xep lai to chiic ciia m6i cap; de cao quyen chu dpng va trach nhiem cua dia phuong, ddng thoi, bao dam su chi dao thdng nhat cua nha nuac trung uong". Dai hpi VIII tiep tpc hoan thien nhung quan diem, nguyen tac ve phan cap trung uang - dia phuong. Ben canh viec tiep tuc khang dinh nhung quan diem, chii truong chung ve phan cap, Dai hpi IX, X, XI da cu the hoa hon quan diem ve phan cap tren cac linh vuc cu the va cac yeu cau doi voi phan cap.
Thuc hien chu truong ciia Dang ve phan cap, Chinh phu da ban hanh Nghi quyet sd 08/2004/NQ-CPngay30/6/2004ve tiep tuc day manh phan cap QLNN giiia Chinh phu va chinh quyen tinh, thanh phd true thupc trung uong.
Thu tuong Chinh phu da ban hanh Quyet dinh sd 136/2001/QD^TTg ngay 17/9/2001 phe duyet Chuong trinh tdng the cai each hanh chinh giai doan 2001 - 2010; trong do, dat ra muc tieu cu the la:
den nam 2005, ve co ban xac dinh xong va thuc hien dugc cac quy dinh moi ve phan cap quan ly giua trung uong va dia phuong, giua cac cap chinh quyen dia phuang; xac dinh ro hon chuc nang, nhiem vu, tham quyen, trach nhiem va td chiic bp may chinh quyen 6 do thi va nong thon, Tiep
den la Nghi quyet sd 30c/NQ-CP ciia Chinh phu ngay 08/11/2011 ve Chuong trinh tdng the cai each hanh chinh nha nu&c giai doan 2011 - 2020, trong do npi dung cac nhiem vu ciia Chuong trinh deu the hien yeu c^u tiep tuc phan cap quan ly giira trung uong va dia phuang tren tiing nganh, iinh vtre. Dac biet, Luat Td chiic chinh quyen dia phuong nam 2015 da cu the hon ve khai niem phan cap, phan quyen, uy quyen trong QLNN.
Thii ha, van hoa la nen tang tinh than cua xa hpi, la muc tieu va dpng luc ciia su phat trien; van hoa co vai tro quan trpng trong viec hinh thanh nhan each con nguai va ban sde, cot each mpt dan toe. Trong xu huong phat trien ngay nay, van hoa cQng dupe coi nhu mpt yeu td co vai tro quyet dinh SLIC manh va vi the ciia mdi qude gia, dan tpc. Chinh vi vay, QLNN ve van hoa la mpt linh vuc dac biet quan trpng va se gop phan dinh huong, dieu chinh su phat trien cua van hoa quoc gia, giiip hien thuc hoa cac chu truong, duong loi ve van hoa ciia Dang. Hoat dpng quan ly van hoa tren cac mang npi dung, dia ban, nhom dan cu cu the se giiip kiem soat su tiiy tien, sai lech trong khi thuc thi cae chinh saeh cua Nha nudc tren linh vuc van hoa. Hieu duoc tam quan trpng cua van hoa trong qua trinh phat trien dat nudc trong giai doan hien nay, Nghi quyet sd 33-NQ/TW Hpi nghi lan thir chin Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Dang khoa XI da khang dinh: "Van hoa la nen tang tinh than ciia xa hpi, la muc tieu, dpng luc phat trien ben viing dat nudc. Van hoa phai duac dat ngang hang vdi kinh te, chinh tri, xahoi".
Trong nhiing nam gan day, hoat dpng QLNN ve van hoa cua cac cap chinh quyen dia phuong da co nhiing ket qua kha quan, tuy nhien, van con tdn tai nhieu bat cap:
TAP CHf QUAN UV NHA NUdC - SO 255 (4/2017)
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NGHlENCCrU-TRAODOl
iVfdt li, su phto cSp QLNN ve vto hda cdn mang tinh hinh thuc, chung chung.
Chua cd su phto cdng cu the cho mdi cap trong he thdng quto ly, do dd, khi trien khai thuc hien, cd nhimg cdng viec chdng eheo, nhito dan vi tap trung quto ly mdt vide. Nhtmg ngupc Iai cung cd nhito cdng viec hi bd ngd, khdng co quan nao ding ra quto Iy va chju tttoh nhiem. Vi du nhu viec tting tu chua Tram Gian (Ha Ndi) thdi gian qua, da lam sai quy ctoh, lam mdt di nhimg gia tri vto hda cd truydn ma ca quan quto ly khdng phat hito, ngto chto kip thtji.
Hat Ja, phto cap trong QLNN ve vto hda chua gto vdi ca nhto ngucri dtmg dto d ngtoh va dia phuong nen khi sti vito xay ra thudng chi kiem diem, rit kinh nghiem mdt ctoh chung chung ma khdng cd ai chiu trach nhiem, dto den su sai pham lap di lap lai nhito Ito.
Ba la, su phto cap QLNN vd van hda dupe thuc hito theo kieu "khoto trtog" cho cap dudi thuc iiien, thieu su kiem tra, ddn doc, dieu ehinh cia cap tren va bd phto thanh tra vto hda cto cap. Dem c i nhu, khi bto chi phto anh hien tucmg tu nhto tu xay dtmg nhito den midu d chua Huong de thu hut khach htoh huong va thu Ipi bat cbinh tu tien cdng die, hay nhu 16 hdi Chem lan d Nem Thuang (Bac Ninh) thi lie dd Bp Van hda, Thd thao va Du lich mdi thanh lap doto kiem tra de xem xet su viee.
Bdn la, sit phan dinh giua QLNN ve van hda theo ngtoh va theo lanh thd edn ehua eu the, chat che, thieu hnh boat.
2. Giii phdp ntog cao hipu qua phto edp quto ly nha nudc vd vto hda giQa cto cap chinh quydn dia phuang
De thue hien phan cap QLNN cd hieu qua, can thue hien eae giai phap sau:
Thd nhit, thay ddi nhan thtic cia ck cSp cbinh quydn vd ttoi quan ttpng ddi v«
QLNN vd vto hda ndi chung va phto ciip QLNN vd van hda. Thiic te hien nay, khi xu hudng hpi nhap quoc te ngay ctog sau rdng cpng vdi su phat trien bung nd cua cdng nghe thdng tin va truydn thdng tao nen mdt biic tranh vd ndn van hda Viet Nam, dd la stj giao thoa giiia vto hda truydn thdng vdi vto hda hien dai, vto hoa chinh thdng vdi vto hda Iai cang... Truoc bdi ctoh phat trito nhu vay, chung ta can nhin nhto duac tdm quan trpng ciia QLNN vd vto hda giiia cac cap chin!
quydn dia phuang sao cho p h i hpp voi thuc tien. Nha nudc cto quy dinh rd hrai ve quydn han va trtoh nhiem cua cto cap chinh quyen dia phuang trong QLNN vS van hda.
Thd hai hoto thien he thdng the che phto cap QLNN ve van hda. Cto kip thdi trien khai, cu the hda ndi dung tren tinh thto cia Hidn phip nam 2013, Luat TS chdc chinh quydn dia phutmg nam 2015 va Nghi quydt Hdi nghi Trung uang 9 khda XI, Iam CO sd de xay dung va hoto thien he thdng eae van b t o quy pham phap luat cia QLNN ve van hda. Nha nudc cto ban hanh mdt he thdng the che phan cap QLNN ve van hda mdt eiich day di, to rtog, rtob maeh ca nhiem vu, quyen han, trach nhiem va phuang tien thuc bito doi vdi tat ea cto ndi dung phto cap, gdp phan xay dimgmdteachetO rtog, thuto Ipi cho viec phan cap giua Chinh p h i va chinh quyen dia phuang, giiia cto cap ehinh quyen dia phuang. He thdng quy dinh can xac dinh rd nhdng loai boat ddng QLNN can dupe phan cap triet de cho chinh quyen dia phuang va Chinh p h i ehi ddng vai ltd kiem tra, giam sat viee thuc hiSn
TAP CHI QUAN LY NHA MGC - SO 255 (4/20171
NGHIEN cau-TRAO D 6 | cua cto edp chinh quydn dia phuong ttdn
CO sd da phto cap quto ly.
Bto canh dd, cdn xdy dtmg bd mdy QLNN ve vto hda theo budng ket hpp chat che giua QLNN dieo nganh vdi QLNN theo Itoh thd, trong dd ca quan QLNN vd van hda theo ngtoh phai nghien ciru, de xuat kip thdi ctoh xu iy cto t'mh hudng mdt ctoh khoa hpe, cap nhat theo thdng le qude td, cung nhu phong tuc tap quan Viet Nam. Co quan QLNN ve vto hda d cto dia phuang phai kip thdi bto cto vdi ca quan cap tren cac van de nay sinh d ca sd. Cd nhu vay, su phan cap QLNN ve vto hda d cto dia phuang va tren quy md ca nudc mdi dat ket qua mong mudn.
Thu ba, ntog cao chat lupng dpi ngu cto bd, edng chuc QLNN ve van hda. Ntog Ittc cia CBCC trong thuc thi edng vu ed vai trd rSt quan trpng, dac biet ddi vdi can bp, cdng chuc dia phuong khi dupe nhto phan cap nhieu ban trong QLNN ve eae ngtoh, linh viic d dia phuang. Chinh vi vay, cac cap cto thue hien tdt cdng tac
"chuto hda" cto bd, edng chuc theo tieu chuan, quy chuan chuyen mdn, nghiep vu trong dpi ngu lanh dao, quan ly, tham muu cung nhu can bd, cdng ehue ngtoh van hda. Thuc hito ehinh saeh trpng dung nhan tai, cd che dd dai ngd phu hpp; nang cao chat lupng dao tao, bdi dudng can bd, cdng chuc quan ly van hda dap ung vdi nhu cto thuc tidn.
Thd tu, ddi miji co che ehiu trach nhiem vii bao cao giai trinh eua ngudi dung dau CO quan QLNN d dia phuang.
Nha nudc can xay dung mdt co ehe chiu trach nhiem va trach nhiem bao cao cae hoat ddng QLNN eua he thdng cae eo quan htoh chinh nha nudc, dac biet la cac cap ehinh quyen dia phuong trong diiiu
kien dupe Chinh p h i phan edp. Uy ban nhto dto cto cap va cto ca quan chuyen mdn cd trach nhiem bao cto va giai trinh vd cto vto de phu tttoh theo ngtoh va Unh viic tai dia phuong trude Hdi ddng nhan dto va cu tri.
Cache chiu trtoh nhiem va bto cto giai trinh hito nay la yen cto hire thiet ddi vdi boat dpng QLNN tten tat ca cto ngtoh va linh VIIC, trong dd cd Iinh viic van hda.
Trong edng tto quto ly vto hda, cdn lam rd va gto chat quyen ban theo trach nhiem cia ngutJi dtmg dto, dd la ehu tjch Uy ban nhan dto cto cto cap, gitoi dde sd van hda - thd thao - du lich, trudng phdng vto hda va ngucri dung dto cac ea quan chuyen mdn lien quan den linh viic vto hda.
Thd nam, tang eudng boat dpng thanh tra, kiem tra, giam sat trong quan ly vto hda. Chinh p h i va cto bd, ngtoh lien quan can tang cudng cdng tac thanh tra, kiem tra, trtoh bien tupng lam cho cd, hinh thuc. Ddng thdi, cto cap cto phat huy vai trd giam sat, phan bien xa bdi cia cae td chuc chinh tri - xa hdi, td chuc xa hdi, cpng ddng dan cu, co quan bao chi - truyen thdng va cdng dan ddi vdi viec td chuc va quan ly boat dpng van hda; lam tdt edng tac thi dua, khen thudng, ddng vien kip thcii cae td chuc, ea nhan cd ddng gdp hito qua trong cdng tac quan ly van hdaC!l
Tai lieu tham khio:
1. Pham Hong Thai, Nguyen Dang Dung, Nguyi^n Ngoc Chi. Phan cap QuAn lynha nuac a Viet Nam thuc trang va trien vong. Dai hoc quoc gia Ha Noi. NXB Cong an nhan dan. 2011.
2. Vo Kim Son. Phan cap quan lynha nudc - Ly loan va thirc tidn. H. NXB Chinh tri quoc gia, 2004.
3. Hoc vien Hanh chinh Quoc gia. Kyyeu Hdi thao phan cap quan ly nha nudc ve van boa. Ha Noi, 2016,
TAP CHi QUAN LY NHA NUOC - S6 255 (4/2017)
