Phat trign ngn kinh tg thi trudng dinh

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NHA Nl/dC PHAP QUYiN XA HOI CHO NGHJA DOI VCfl VI|C

PHAT TRI^N NiN KINH TE THI TRlfdNG DINH HlldNG XA HOI CHO NGHIA

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hat trign ngn kinh tg thi trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chii nghTa d nudc ta hien nay lit qua trinh van dpng, phat trien ngn kinh te dudi sy lanh dao ctia Dang thdng qua vai trd quiin li digu hanh eiia Nha nudc, trgn CO so nhan thirc va van dyng nhii'ng quy luai kinh lg thi trudng nham tirng budc hoan thien nhu'ng dac trung co ban cua chu nghTa xa hpi. Nhu vay, vai tro ciia nha nudc phap quygn xa hpi chii nghTa ddi vdi viec phat trign ngn kinh tg thi trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chil nghTa la khau vd cting quan trpng trong tign trinh phat trign.

Vai trd nha nudc thg hien khai quat cac chirc nang nha nude ddng thdi ciing thg hien bim chat giai ciip ciia nha nudc, vi vay chirc Ucing cua nhii nude phap quygn xa hpi chii nghTa la nhtrng phuang dien boat dpng chu ygu phti hgp vdi ban chat, myc dich, nhiem vy cua no ngn lat ygu phiii tuan thu sy lanh dao tuyet ddi cua Dang cpng san. Sy lanh dao eiia Dang cpng san ddi vdi sy phat trign kinh tg-xa hpi tap trung d quygn lye nha nudc, dugc thyc hien bdi chirc nang va nhiem vy eua Nha nudc; trpng tam ciia dinh hudng xa hpi ehii nghTa la d khau quan li, digu hanh ciia nha nudc. Ngu cuong ITnh, chu truang, dudng ldi ciia Dang khdng dugc thg chg hoci thanh chinh sach, phap luat ciia Nha nudc tbi li tudng ciia Dang, myc tigu

TS. LE THANH THAP * ctia each mang xa hpi chii nghTa va lgi ich ciia giai cap cdng nhan, eiia toan thg nhan lao dpng khong dugc bao dam dg trd thanh hien thirc lich sir. Do dd, nha nudc phap quygn xa hpi chii nghTa la nhan td quygt dinh bao dam vai trd lanh dao ciia Dang trong viec xay dyng va phat trien nen kinh tg thi trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chii nghTa.

Sy lanh dao ciia Dang ddi vdi Nha nudc la digu kien tign quyet dg tang cudng sire manh ciia Nha nudc, nang cao hieu lye quan li ciia Nhii nudc; ngugc lai, ngu khdng cd Nha nude thi Dang khdng the thyc hien dugc su lanh dao xa hpi, cdng cupc xay dung ngn kinh tg thi trudng va xay dung thanh cdng chii nghTa xa hpi. Sy lanh dao ciia Dang thg hien tap trung d Nha nudc va dugc thuc hien chii yeu thdng qua Nha nudc, vi vay phiii khdng ngirng nang cao quygn lye va hieu qua quan li cua Nha nudc la thyc hien nhiem vy chinh tri va sy lanh dao ciia Dang. Vai trd va hieu lye quan li ciia nha nudc trong ngn kinh tg thi trudng la nhu'ng dau hieu khang dinh trinh dp, nang lye, uy tin lanh dao ciia Dang.

Md hinh, thg chg kinh tg thi trudng dinb hudng xa hpi chii nghTa khdng hinh thanh mdt each ty phat ma la qua trinh tim tdi, thir nghiem, digu chinb phti hgp vdi thyc tign

* Giang vien Khoa li luan chinh tri Truang Dai hoc Luat Ha Noi

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NGHIEN CLTU - TRAO OOI

lieh su a moi nudc. Trudc ddi mdi (1986j, mo hinh kinh tg Viet Nam iip dyng la md hinh kinh te kg hoach hoa tap trung, trong mo hinh kinh tg dd, viec quan li kinh tg ciia Nhii nuac dupe thyc hien bang menh lenh himh ehinh lit chii ygu vdi he thdng ehi tigu phap lenh dirge giao ttr tren xudng. Kg hoach hoii dtrgc su dung linn cdng cy quan li va cd linh phiip lenh bat bupc doi vdi tat cii cac ngiinh, ciie ciip, eac don vi kinh tg, ciic hp gia dinh, phiip luat dugc coi nhu nhirng phuong lien dg ihye thi menh lenh thyc hien chi tigu kg hoiieh hoii. Mo hinh kinh tg kg hoach boa lap Irung lam cho cae tiem niing kinh tg khdng dugc khai thiic, sim xuat dinh tre, suy giam long tin cua quan chiing nhiin dan vao myc tigu xiiy dung ehii nghTa xa hpi.

1 rong mo hinh kinh tg thi Irudng dinh hudng Xii hpi ehu nghTa, Nha nudc biio dam

\g mill phiip li cho sy tdn tai binh dang cua cac thiinh phiin kinh tg, lao mdi trudng phiip li thuan lgi eho phat trign kinh tg va hpi nhiip vdi thg gidi, chdng lai nguy ca lam suy ygu hoac pha hoai su ton tai cua thg chg kinh tg.

Nha nude phai thyc sy dai dien cho lgi ich ciia giai cap cdng nhan va cac tang ldp nhan dan lao dpng khac, vi sir phat trign phdn vinh cua dan tpc ma dan dan hoan thien md hinh kinh tg thi trudng dinli budng xa hpi chii nghTa. Thyc hien chirc nang quan li nha nudc ngn kinli tg thi trudng, nha nude vti'a tao digu kien cho viee hoan thien he kinli tg thi trudng vtra biio dam su van hanh ciia loan bp ngn kinli tg, thdng qua cae cdng cy quan li dg digu liet ngn kinh tg phat trign theo dinh hudng xa hpi ehu ngliTa. Vdi mo hinh kinh te thi trudng dinli hudng xii hpi ehu ngliTa, lgi ich ca nhan,

tap the va xa hdi dgu dugc coi trgng, dugc ket hgp va giai quygl mgt each hai hoa gan vdi viec thuc hien nhirng myc tigu dan giau, nudc manh, xa hpi cdng bang, dan chii, van minh.

Nha nudc phap quyen xa hdi cbii nghTa la thg chg chinh tri tuong thich vdi thg che kinh tg thi trudng djnh hudng xa hpi ehii ngliTa, nd la khau trung gian lam cho nhiing quan digm, tu tudng ctia Dang cdng san dugc the chg hoa thanh cbinh sach, phap luat va thong qua boat dpng eiia bp may nha nude ma ehinh sach, phiip luat tac ddng den thg chg kinh tg. Su ra ddi ciia nha nudc phap quygn la kgt qua tat yeu ciia kinh te thi trudng, ngu kinh tg thi trudng khdng cd nha nudc phap quygn bao dam thi do sy phat trign ty phat se dan dgn mdt ngn kinh tg thi trudng "hoang da". Dd la thi trudng kinh te vdi sy canh tranh khde liet va triet tigu lan nhau dan tdi su khimg hoiing, do vo trien mign theo chu ki nhat dinh nhu eudc khiing hoang tign te khu virc chau A nam 1998 va loan thg gidi nam 2008. Kinh tg tbi trudng tu ban ddi hdi phai cd nha nudc phap quygn tu san va kinh tg tbi trudng dinb hudng xa hoi chil nghTa tat ygu cting phai cd nha nudc phap quygn xa hpi chii nghTa.

Thg chg kinh tg thi trudng d nudc ta hien nay mac dti da dan dugc binh thanh song cdn chain, ehua ddng bg, cd nhtrng thanh phan trong thg chg chua pbti hgp da can trd qua trinh van banh eiia co chg tbi trudng. Vai tro dieu tigt nen kinh tg eiia nha nudc cdn nang tinh hanh ehinh ngn hieu lye quan li nha nudc edn han chg. Mdi trudng phap li va mdi trudng kinh doanh cham dugc cai thien, chua dcip irng dugc yeu ciu bdi nhap, sire

30 TAP CHi LUAT HOC SO 7/2010

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canh tranh ciia ngn kinh tg, eiia cac doanh nghiep \a cua siin pham himg hoii cdn ygu;

diiu iin cua md hinh kinh tg kg hoach boa tap trung con khii nimg ng. Sir chuygn dich co Ciiu kinh tg theo hudng cdng nghiep hoii, hien dai hoii cdn cham. Viec ciii each thg chg kinh lg dign ra chua dap irng ygu cau phiit trign, trong dd phai kg dgn cac thii tye hanh chinh vii su hinh thanh c;ic loai thi trirdng nhu thi Irudng bat dpng san, thi trudng khoa hpc, cdng nghe, thi trudng sire lao dpng...

cdn quci cham, tham chi cd nhigu digm bat dn ngn da tao ra tinh trang canh tranh khdng binh dang gay biit lgi eho mpt sd loai doanh nghigp vii ngirdi lao dpng.

Md hinh kinh tg tdng quat d nudc ta hien nay vdi hai thupc tinh ban chat la kinh tg thi trirdng vii djnh hudng xa hpi chii ngliTa la phuang thti'c phat trign kinh tg dira trgn nhu'ng nguygn tac, quy luat ciia thi trudng va sy digu tigt eiia nha nudc. Trong dd, nha nu'dc ddng vai trd quygt dinh trong viec tao nhii'ng digu kien va mdi trudng phap li dg thiie day sy hinh thiinh va phat trien ngay cimg diiy du hon, nang cao ban mirc dp hoan thien ciic loai thi trudng theo dung myc tigu da dugc dg ra nham nang cao kha nang canh tranh ciia ngn kinh tg, ctia cac doanh nghiep va ciia siin pham hang hoa.

Md hinh kinh tg thj trudng md cira hu'dng vao xuat khau la hinh thirc va bude di thich hgp eua qua trinh hpi nhap vao tign trinh phat trign hien dai cua ngn kinh tg loan ciiu ddng thdi la sy dinh dang vg phuang ihii'c chuygn tti' ngn kinh tg cham phat trien thanh ngn kinh tg phat trign bien dai. Kinh tg thj trirdng la md hinh kinh tg xa bdi hoa ddi

lap vdi sy kliep kin va cd lap vi vay chii'c nang kinh te. chirc nang phat trign ctia nhii nudc dong vai trd quan trpng trong viee liim thay doi eiiu triic va co chg ciia md hinh kinli tg bao dam eho sy phat trign. Vai trd cua iiliii nude phap quygn xa hpi ehii nghTa la tao lap md hinh kinh tg thi trudng dinli hirdng xa hpi chu nghTa, digu do khign cho nha nudc thyc hien dugc vai trd va chirc nang thich img ciia minh trong the chg ciia mo hinh kinh tg phat trign.

Nha nudc phap quyen vdi tinh each la phuong thirc thirc hien quygn lye nha nudc, each thirc td chirc nha nudc va xa hpi trgn ngn tang diin chii ngn dd cting la each thirc td chii'c ngn dan chii. mpt trinh dp phat trign diin chil. Nha nudc phap quygn tu san to chti'c ngn diin chu tu san, la bigu hien trinh dp phat trign cua ngn dan chu trong hinh thirc diin chu tu san. Nha nudc phiip quygn xa hpi chii nghTa la hinh thirc ca ban nhat dg thyc hien dan chu xa hpi chil nghTa - kg thtra nliirng gia trj tich cyc ciia ngn dan ehti tu san va phat trign ngn dan chil vdi nhtrng npi dung mdi tuong thich thg chg kinh tg, chinh tri cua chii nghTa xa hpi. Co sd kinh tg ciia ngn dan chii tu san la nen kinh tg thi trudng tu biin chii nghTa va ngn dan cbii tu sim la nhan td biio dam cho cac chil thg kinh tg phat trign hgt kha nang, thyc hien myc tigu kinh te ciia hp va eiia loan xa hdi tu san. Co sd kinh tg ciia ngn dan chu o nude ta hien nay la ngn kinh tg thi trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chu ngliTa va dan chil vg kinh tg la nhan td bao dam co chg va sy phdt trign ngn kinh tg nhigu thanh phan, bao hd bang phap luat vg quygn sd htru hgp phap ciia chii sd biin thupc mpi thanh phan kinh tg, tao digu kien giai phdng sire san

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xuiit, khai thac mpi tigm nang, phat huy kha nang sang tao trong lao dpng, siin xuat, kinh doanh eiia mpi tiing ldp nhan dan.

Nen kinh te himg hoa van hiinh theo eo chg thi tru'dng vii chinh co chg thi trudng se lao mdi trudng kinli tg thuan lgi dg phat trigti diin chu. Ngn kinh tg thi trudng da chii'a dirng ygu eau khach quan de phat trign dan chii, bdi vi nd dap irng dugc quyen va lgi ieh ciia cac chil thg kinh tg va ciia ngudi lao ddng; dat dan la chu thg gdc cua quygn lye. Chg dp dan chii thyc chat lii sy uy quygn ciia dan vao nha nudc. Do do, cd xay dung nha nudc phap quygn mdi dam bao eo sd phap li cho thyc thi quygn luc ciia nhiin diin va phat trign dan chii.

Xay dirng nbii nude phap quygn xii hpi chii nghTa a nude ta hien nay la tao lap vung chac khudn khd phap li dg bao dam dan cbii thuc day kinh tg tbi trudng phat trign, dg day nhanh qua trinh bpi nhap kinh tg qudc tg vao cac nudc trong khu vuc va thg gidi, nhd dd dem lai kha nang nang cao hieu qua cua hgp tac vii canh tranh dua kinh tg, xa hpi d nude ta boil nhap xu hudng phiit trign hien dai.

'Thyc tign phat trign ngn kinh tg thi trirdng a nude ta hien nay, khdng chi ddi hoi dan ehu hoii xa hpi ma cdn ddi hoi phai cd ki cuong vdi he thdng phiip luat phti hgp va ngay cang hoan thien, thiic day sy phat trien. Dan chii phai gan vdi thg chg phap quyen. Thyc chat cua nha nudc phap quygn la nha nudc dan chu, trong do ciic quygn cdng dan va quyen lye nha nude dugc hien phap va phap luat quy dinh; cdng dan va nlia nudc phai tuyet ddi tuiin thil hign phiip va phap luat. Dan cbii va phap quygn la hai mat gan bd chat che tao thanh quy luat ciia xa bdi van minh. Nguygn

tic dan chil phap quygn la su thdng nhat giiia dan chil vdi ki cuong va doan kgt xa hdi; hgp tac va ddng thuan xa hdi giira nha nudc, doanh nghiep va cdng dan theo hudng dan ehu boil toan dien tao ddng luc cho sy phat trign. Dan chii la van dg thudc vg tigm nang con ngudi, thudc vg sire manh cua quan chiing nhan dan, ddng thdi la mdi trudng, muc tigu, ban chat va ddng luc ciia su phat trign theo dinh budng xa bdi cbii nghTa. Dan chil va quygn eon ngudi la tinh thir nhat con phap quygn la tinb thir bai, cho ngn dan chii phai dugc phap luat boa va phap luat phai dua vao dan chii ma hien thyc boa nd.

Xay dyng nha nudc phap quygn xa hpi chil nghTa ciia dan, do dan va vi dan d Viet Nam phai bigt kgt hgp cac gia tri phd bien ciia nha nudc phap quyen vdi tinb dac thti ciia nha nudc xa hpi cbii ngbia va ban sac van hoa dan tdc. Trinh dp kinh te tbi trudng, trinh dp nha nudc phap quygn va dan chii a nude ta phat trign chua cao, ddi hdi phai co su nd luc boa nhap vdi xu budng phat trien hien dai. Dan ehii - nha nudc phap quygn - kinh tg thi trudng la digu kien, tign dg ciia nhau, tham nhap vao nhau, bd trg nhau cimg phat trign. Dan chii, kinh tg thi trudng khdng cd nha nudc phap quygn khdng thg tdn tai, phat trign mdt each day dii ddng thdi nha nudc phap quyen ciing khdng tdn tai theo diing nghTa eua nd ngoai co sd kinh tg thi trudng vdi mdi trudng xa hdi dan chii.

Ndi den nha nudc phap quygn, kinh tg thi trudng, dan chii xa hpi phai gin lign vdi xa hdi dan sy. Nha nudc phap quygn khdng dirng trgn, dimg ngoai xa bdi ma dimg trong xa hpi dan sy, cimg vdi xa hdi, vi xa bdi. Xa

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hdi dan sy la xa hdi ma d dd mdi cdng dan la mpt ngudi dan tu do, cong diin co trach nhiem vdi nha nudc ddng thdi nha nudc cung phai cd trach nhiem vdi tirng cdng dan.

Khdng cd mpt xa bpi dan sy lanh manh, hoan thien thi nha nudc phap quygn cting khdng cd chd dya vtrng chac va mdi trudng dg phat trign. Trong xa hpi dan sy quan he phiip quygn, phap chg la cao nhat; mpi cdng dan dgu binh dang trudc phap luat; ngudi dan khdng sg phap luat ma chinh phap luat bao ve quygn lgi chinh dang, hgp phap ciia hp. Dan la chil, nha nude la ngudi thay mat dan dg quan li xa hpi. Nha nudc phyc vy cho dan, tao digu kien eho ngudi dan thyc hien cac quygn ly do muu siiiii theo dimg phap luat va duge lam nhung viec ma phap luat Ididng cam. Dan chil dugc thuc hien va bao dam boi xa hpi dan sy va nha nudc phap quygn nhung bao gid chiing Cling gan vdi trinh dp van minh cua mpt xa h()i dua tren trinh dp kinli tg-xa hpi nliat dinh; ddng thdi, cting vdi su phat trign, hoan thien nha nudc phap quygn la ttmg budc hoan thien nen dan chii va su phat trign ngn kinh tg thi trudng, d nudc ta la ngn kinh tg thi trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chit ngiiTa.

Myc tigu phat trign kinh tg d nudc ta la nham khdng ngirng niing cao ddi sdng vat chat, tinh thiin cua nhan dan. Miie tigu do doi hdi phai co su lang trudng kinh tg on dinh, bgn vtrng vii khong dg tiing trudng kinh tg tiic dpng lam phan hoa giau ngheo mdt each sau sac, liim mat can bang sinh thai hay tang tru'dng "ndng" dan dgn lam mat can ddi. Ngu dg mat dn dinh kinh tg vT md se anh hudng xiu dgn tang trudng kinh tg, lam suy giam long tin cua nhan dan vao su lanh dao ciia

Dang vii vai trd quan li, digu hanh kinh tg ciia nha nudc. Vi vay, giai phap uu tign hang dau dg thyc hien myc tigu kinh tg-xa hpi la giti' viing dn dinh kinh tg vT md.

Ndi dgn vai trd quan li digu tigt kinh tg vT md ciia nha nudc phai dg cap npi dung va cac cdng cu quan li nha nudc ddi vdi ngn kinh tg. Npi dung quan li nha nudc ngn kinh tg ddi hdi phai cd dinh hudng phat trign kinh tg bang chign luge, chuong trinh, kg hoach va cac dy an d eac pham vi va cap dp khac nhau nham khai day va phat huy mpi tigm nang, sii'c manh ciia cac thanh phan kinh tg dg phat trign kinh tg thi trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chil nghTa. Chign luge kinh tg vT md phai xuat phat ttr digu kien, tigm nang ciia tirng viing, ttmg dia phuong dap ii'iig nhu cau cua thi trudng trong nudc, cac nudc trong khu vuc va thi trudng the gidi; dong thdi, dinh hudng cho cac chii thg kinh tg xac dinh phuong hudng phat trign san xuat, kinh doanh; thgm vao do la hirdng dan hanh vi ciia cac chii thg kinh tg va tac dpng dgn quygt dinh cu thg trong hanh vi kinh doanh ciia hp nhu lua chpn mat hang, phuong thirc, quy md va ddi tac kinh doanh.

Cong cy quan li digu tigt ngn kinh tg eiia nha nudc la he mdng chinh sach, phap luat, trong do dac biet la he thdng chinh sach, phap luat kinh tg.

Chinh sach kinh tg thg hien quan digm, giai phap ciia nha nudc sir dyng dg kich thich hd trg sy boat ddng va phat trign cac quan he kinh tg ciia cac doanh nghiep bang phuong phap tac ddng gian tigp hoac qua do ban chg sy bign dpng ciia thi trudng ngan ngtra riii ro gay thiet hai ngn kinh tg qudc

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dim. Do lii chinh siieh tiii chinh-tign te the hien qua chinh siieh thue, tin dyng, ngiin hiing; chinh siieh khoa hpc-edng nghe, lao dong, giiio due-dao lao... Phuang ihirc tiic dpng vii thue thi chinh siich kinh tg vT md cua nhii nude ki nhtmg bien phcip nhu thuygl phyc. cuong che, to chirc, hanh chinh, kinh lg. Dc thyc hien muc tigu x;iy dyng kinh tg thi irudng xii hpi chu ngliTa, chinh sach kinh te cua nhii nude phai linh hoat, niing dpng bao dam tinh kha thi va hieu qua.

Nhii nudc quan li, digu tigt ngn kinh lg biing phiip luijt nhiiiii bao diim quygn ty do kinh doanh, quan he binh dang cimg c6 lgi cua ciic chu thg kinh lg. Vi vay, dg quan li mpt eiich hieu qua ngn kinh lg, phiii cd he thong phiip luiil day du (dac biet la he thong phdp luiil kinh lg) va phap luat phai ro rang, minh bach ihg hien y ehi, nguyen vpng ciia nhiin diin; digu chinh kip thdi nhung quan he phap luat kinh lg nay sinh, bao diim quygn vii lgi ich hgp phap cua cac chii thg kinh tg. Van dg Ciin duge quan tam la tuygn truygn vii phd bien phiip luat, lam cho ciic chii doanh nghiep nam vtrng ciie \ iin bim phap luat trong nudc cimg nhu phiip luat cua cae nudc khae vg nhtrng ITnh vye eo lign quan dgn kinh doanh eua doanh nghiep dg cac doanh nghiep cd thg chu dpng bao ve lgi ich cua minh.

Viec xay dyng va sir dyng cac cdng cy digu tigt ngn kinh tg khdng hoan loan thupc y ehi, nguyen vpng chii quan ma phy thupc chil ygu viio ciic quy luat kinh tg khach quan vii hotiii ciinh ey the, trinh dp phat trign eiia nen kmh tg a moi giai doiin. Ddng thdi, iiiii'c dp hoim thien vii viec sii' dung nbung cdng cy niiy nhu thg nao lai phy thupc vao nang lye, phiim chiit eua dpi ngii can bp cdng chirc

thuc hien cdng tac quan li; phy thudc vao viec siip xgp bp may quiin li nha nudc ve kinh tg vdi thg chg, thii tye hanh chinh gpn nhe, thdng thoang va khdng cd tinh trang quan ligu, sach nhigu, phign ha nhan dan.

Sil' dyng cdng cy digu tigt kinh tg vT mo, Ccic nudc cd ngn kinh tg thi trudng phat trien cd riit nhigu kinh nghiem, do dd hpc hdi d hp, tham chi thug chuyen gia ciia hp lii mpt viec liini can thigt tranh nhtrng vap vap, dudng vdng khong can thigt de phat trien.

Thanh cdng ciia dinh hudng xa bdi chii nghTa trong ngn kinh tg thi trudng phu thupc vao chat lugng hieu qua sii' dyng cdng ey digu tigt kinh tg vT md ciia nha nude.

Kinh tg thi trudng tir ban chat ciia no, trong su van dpng va phat trign tat ygu phai hpi nhap vao tign trinh phat trign hien dai eiia ngn kinh tg loan eau va chinh su hoi nhap cung la con dudng tat ygu dg hien dai boa toan bp ngn kinh tg va hoan thien the che kinh tg thj trudng. Kinh tg tbi trudng dinh huong xa hpi chu ngliTa la hudng tdi nen kinh tg thj trudng hien dai, lay chuan hien dai ciia thg gidi liim khudn mau eho tign trinh phiit trign tao ra sir nhay vpt trong phuong thirc san xuat va trong kgt cau kinh tg qua dd ciii tao va cudn bill khu vyc kinh te truygn thdng vao tign trinh phat trign hien dai. Kinh tg thi trudng hien dai la cai chinh thg ciia ngn kinh tg toan cau, xac lap ngn kinh tg tbi trudng hien dai dudi su quan li, digu hanh ciia nha nudc phap quygn xa hpi chil ngliTa la hudng tdi thirc hien nhtrng muc tigu kinh tg-xa hpi eiia chii nghTa xa hpi.

Kinh tg thi trudng bien dai la be kinh tg tit ygu cho sy phat trign va tren ngn tang phat trign bien dai ma dat tdi sy giau cd, su phdn

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thinh, van minh ddng thdi sy phiit trign hien dai da lao ra nhii'ng digu kien can thigt dg nhii nudc tro thanh ngudi dinh hirdng cho su phiit trign, vi vay vai trd cua nha nude phap quygn xa hpi ehu nghTa la nhan to quygt dinh sy dinh hudng phiit trign hien dai dat tdi myc tigu chu nghTa xa hpi.

Nha nude phap quygn thiic diiy su phat trign hien dai thong qua chirc nang chu thg kinh lg cdng trong xa hpi dan sy, cung cap hiing hoci dich vy cong cpng vii chirc nang digu tigt. Vdi chirc nang la chu thg kinh tg cua be thdng kinh lg, nha nude lii chii thg kinh tg cong thyc hien nhiem vy quan li va phat trign ITnh vyc kinh te cdng, trong do cac CO quan nha nudc chi thyc thi quygn hanh mpt each hgp phap theo cac luat da dugc soan thao ra va ban hanh rpng riii; vdi chirc nang digu tigt ngn kinh tg ihong qua ca chg thi Iru'dng nham lam cho ngn kinh tg phiit tnen dn dinh luon co tigm nimg hudng tdi sy phiit trien lau dai, ben vtrng, nhii nude kip thai dua ra (hoac loai bd) ciic chinh siich, phiip luat va cae giiii phap ""nong" khi can ihigl theo dimg thii tue phap li. Nha nudc giiip cho viec hinh thanh he kinh lg thi trudng, ddng vai tro ngn tang ciia su phat trign, lam cho co che tbi trudng van hanh, chdng chu ki khiing hoang, chdng dpc quygn vii cung ciip bang hoii djch vy cong cpng cho toiin bp hdat dpng ciia ngn kinh tg.

Nhu vay, dg cd dugc su phiit trign hien dai cua nen kinh tg thj trudng, digu quygt dinh lii phai xiie lap dugc nha nude phap quygn thich ting, thyc bien dugc chirc nang phiit trign vii thtic day su phat trign. Xay dyng nha nudc phap quyen xa hpi chii nghTa - mgt thg chg nha nudc hien dai, la xay dyng

nha nudc thich irng vdi co chg kinh tg thi trirdng dinh hudng xa hpi ehu nghTa, khign cho no trd thanh eo' quan chuygn nghiep, vdi CO can td chti'c hgp li, bp may nha nudc trong sach, cdng chirc cd day dii nang lye, pham chat, thyc hien tdt chirc trach ciia minh - do la nhan td quygt dinh ciia qua trinh hpi nhap va phat trign hien dai.

Thirc tg phiit trign kinli tg thi trirdng d nude ta hon 20 nam qua da Idiang dinh, khong phiii nhii nude khdng ciin can thiep vao kinh tg mii lii sy kgt hgp giua digu khign tryc tigp bang kg hoach va digu kliign gian tigp thdng qua co chg thi trudng ddi vdi boat dpng kinh tg trong xa hpi. Trong co chg van hiinh ciia ngn kinh tg thi trudng dinh hudng xa hpi chil nghTa, nha nudc khdng chi cd vai trd xay dyng mdi trudng phap li, mdi trudng xa hpi dan chil bao dam quygn ty do kinh doanh va quan li, digu tigt kinh tg vT mo ma cdn td chirc va thuc hien chirc nang kigm tra, kigm soat nham thigt lap ki cuong trong boat dpng kinh tg, phat hien va ngan chan cac banh vi vi pham phap luat, lam sai chinh siich bao ve tai san va lpi ich cua ciie chii thg kinh tg.

Ngu thuc hien dung chirc niing, nhiem vu Clia nha nudc phap quygn xa hpi chii nghTa trong ngn kinh tg thi trudng se tranh dugc hai xu hudng eye doan: Mpt lu nha nudc can thiep qua sau vao cac qua trinh kinh tg nhu trong md hinh kinh tg kg hoiieh hoa, tap trung, quan ligu phi thi trudng, nhu vay se duy tri kinh tg trong khudn khd kinh tg tir nhign, truygn thdng chdng lai sy phat trign;

hui lu kinh tg thi trudng khdng eo sy quan li digu tigt cua nha nudc, roi viio tinh trang kinh tg thi trudng "hoang da", ""ca ldn nudt ca be", khung hoang trign mien, klidng dn dinh.

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NGHIEN CCfU - TRAO OOI

Trong nen kinh tg thi trudng dinb budng xa hpi chil nghTa, co ehe thi tru'dng la "trung tam"

ciia ngn kinh tg, ddng vai trd trung gian gitra nha nudc va doanh nghiep. Nha nudc quan li kinh tg theo nguygn tac ket hgp kg hoach vdi tbi tru'dng, qua dd phat huy dugc mat tich cyc va han chg, khac phyc nhting lieu cyc nay sinli trong ca chg tbi trirdng va nguy co chech hudng phat trign ciia ngn kinh tg. Mdt trong nhimg nguygn nlian tac dpng dgn nguy co chech hudng dd la viin nan tham nhting.

Thuc tg d Viet Nam, van nan tham nhung da va dang gay ra nhii'ng tac dpng tigu cyc vg kinh te, cbinh tri va xa bpi. Mac dii.

Dang va Nha nudc Cdng hoa xa hdi cbii nghTa Viet Nam da td rd quyet tam chdng tham nhting thdng qua viec phat hien va dem ra xet xir, ki luat nhigu can bd cdng chirc tham nhung nhung chi sd khdng cd tham nhting d Viet Nam trong gan mpt thap ki qua van duy tri d mirc thap, ludn dudi 30%.

Chang ban, digm sd khdng cd tham nhting d Viet Nam nam 2008 la 26% thap bon mirc trung binh eiia thg gidi (mire trung binh ciia the gidi la 41,1%).

Nha nudc manh la nha nudc khdng dg tham nhiing cd co hdi phat trign, cac nha lanh dao, quim li la nhtrng ngudi ligm khigt, chinh tryc, cbi cdng vd tu. Nha nudc xac dinh diing va thuc hien tdt vai trd, nhiem vy, kim chg hoat dpng trong chirc nang dac thii ciia minh la nhan td quygt dinh cho sy thanh cdng ciia su phat trign. 0 nudc ta, xay dyng va tirng budc hoan thien nha nudc phap quygn xa bpi chu nghia la yeu td quyet dinh giii vting sy dinh budng xa hdi chii nghTa cua viec phat trign kinh tg thi trudng hien dai hdi nhap vao ngn kinh tg loan cau./.

QUY CHE TAI CHINH AP DUNG CHO c u e SOf HlTU TRI TUE - NHlTNG BAT CAP VA GIAI PHAP (tiip theo trang 28)

s i p tdi. Cue sd biiu tri tue can dugc to chiic lai theo hudng tach rigng bd phan co quan nha nudc chi thyc hien chiic nang quan li nha nudc vg sd hiru tri tue va bo phan su nghiep chi thuc hien cac boat ddng su nghigp vg sd biin tri tue. Khi td chirc lai nhu vay tbi co chg tai cbinh ap dyng vdi bo phan CO quan nha nudc la theo Nghi dinh so 130/2005/ND-CP va cac van ban phap luat khac lign quan, cdn ddi vdi bd phan sir nghiep thi ap dyng co chg tai cbinh theo Nghi dinh sd 43/2006/ND-CP va cac van ban phap luat khac lien quan.

Ngu phap luat digu chinb van dg tai chinh ciia Cyc sd htru tri tue theo hudng ngu trgn se gdp phan cai each tai chinh cdng nham thyc bien ddi mdi co chg phan bd ngan sach nha nudc, xda bd chg dp cap kinh phi theo sd lugng bign chg, thay the bang each tinb toan kinh pbi can cir vao kgt qua va chat lugng boat ddng, hudng vao kigm soat dau ra, chat lugng chi. tieu theo muc tigu, ddi mdi be thdng dinh miic ehi tieu cho don gian hon, tang quygn chii ddng cua co quan, don vi sir dung ngan sach va ddi mdi co ban co chg tai chinh ddi vdi khu vuc dich vu cdng. Qua do.

Cue sd hiru tri tue ed digu kien vg vat chat dg thyc hien tdt chirc nang, nhiem vu cua minh trong digu kien ngn kinh te thi trudng va trong digu kien hdi nhap kinh tg qudc tg./.