34 II TRITCTNG B A I H O C T H O DOHAJNMi
Birdc DAU TIIM HIEU HE THONG PHONG CACH HO CHI MINH
Vu Thi Ha Tru&ng Dai hpc Thd do Hd Npi
Tdm tdt: Ho Chi Minh - anh hung gidi phong ddn tpc, danh nhdn vdn hoa thejidi;
suy nghT, l&i noi, viec lam.... cda Ngu&i luon la nhieng bdi hpc quy gid cho mot con ngic&iViet Nam. Hpc tap vd lam theo lu tu&ng, tdm guang dgo due. phong each Ho Chi Minh la mpt cupc van dong l&n cita todn Ddng. loan qudn. todn dan v&i nhiiu npi dung phong j)hu vd thiet thuc. Bdi viit ndy tap trung lam ro mpt so npi dung ca^ bdn lien quan den viec hpc tap vd lam theo phong cdch Ho Chi Minh. Phong cdch Ho Chi Minh Id mot he thdng chinh thi. gdn bo chat che v&i nhau. Bdi viet nhdm gi&i^ thiiu ddi net vi phong cdch H6 Chi Minh nhic: phong cdch tu duy, phong cdch dien dgt, phong each lam viic, phong cdch ung xir. phong cdch sinh hogt hang ngdy.
Tir khoa: Phong cdch, phong cdch Ho Chi Minh.
Nhan bai ngay 16.02.2020; giri phan bien, chinh sua va duyet dang ngay 25.02.2020 Lien he tac gia: Vu Thi Ha; Email: [email protected]
1. D A T V A N D E
Phong each Hd Chi Minh la phong each ciia ngudi Viet Nam. Dd la phong each ciia mdt con ngudi vdi nhan each sieu viet, cai tam trong sang, cai due cao dep, cai tri minh man, cai hanh muc thudc, phong each cua mpt lanh tu, mdt vT nhan, mdt chien sT cdng san chan chinh,... Phong each Hd Chi Minh khdng phai de cho ngudi ddi ca nggi, simg bai ma la tam guong de mpi ngudi noi theo, hpc tap. Khdng phai chi ngudi Viet Nara, tir lao dpng chan tay den lao ddng tri dc, tir gia den tie, tir mien xudi den mien ngugc, tir ngudi tu hanh den cac chinh khach, thuong gia deu tim thay d Hd Chi Minh phong each cua chinh minh, ma ca ngudi nudc ngoai d phuang Ddng hay d phuong Tay ciing cam thay gan giii, khdng xa la vdi phong each Hd Chi Minh. Do vay, viec tim hieu be thong, hpc tap va lam theo phong each Hd Chi Minh ludn la van de can thiet.
2. NOI D U N G
2.1. Khai niem phong each va phong each Ho Chi Minh 2.1.1. Phong cdch
Khai niem phong each cd ngudn gdc tir tilng Latinh la stylus; tilng Hy Lap la stylos. Ci phuong Tay, khai niem phong each da dupe de cap den tir lau va thudng dugc hilu nhu mdt hien tugng ddc dao, ca biet trong van hpc nghe thuat.
Theo Tir diln tilng Viet, khai niem phong each dugc hilu theo cac nghTa:
TAP CHi KHOA HOC - S5 37/2020 || 35 Ve rieng biet ttong ldi sdng, lam viec cua mdt ngudi hay mdt hang ngudi nao do;
Phien dang cua ngdn ngii cd itiiimg dac diem trong lua chgn, ket hpp va td chuc cac phuang phap ngdn ngii lien quan tdi giao tiep; Toan bp cac thu phap sir dung phuong tien ngdn ngir dac tiimg cho titng nha van, tac pham, thi loai; Viec lya chpn phuong tien ngdn ngir theo nguyen tac tu tir.
Nhu vay, khai niem phong each cd the dugc hieu theo nghia hep, la chi gidi han tiong van hpc, nghe thuat; cdn theo nghTa rpng dugc the hien trong tit ca cac mat boat ddng cua con ngudi. Nhung dii hieu theo nghTa nao thi phong each ludn la cai rieng, ddc dao (le ldi, cung each, each thuc, phong thai, phong dp, pham each,...) cd tinh he thdng, ttd thanh ne nep dn dinh cua mpt ngudi hoac mpt Idp ngudi dugc thi hien tiong tit ca cac mat boat ddng nhu lao dpng, hpc tap, sinh hoat, iing xu, dien dat (ndi va vilt),... tao nen nhiing gia tri, nhiing net rieng biet cua chu the dd.
2.1.2. Phong cdch HS ChiMinh
Ndi phong each Hd Chi Minh la ndi den nhiing dac tnmg gia tii mang dam diu in Hd Chi Minh, dugc the hien trong mpi ITnh vuc sdng va boat ddng cua Ngudi. Phong each Hd Cbi Minh la mpt bd phan quan trpng trong toan bd di san vd gia ma Ngudi de lai cho dan tpc ta. La mdt chinh the thdng nhat, bao gdm phong each tu duy, phong each lam viec, phong each ung xir, phong each dien dat, phong each sinh boat,...
Phong each Hd Chi Minh la mdt chinh the vdi ndi dung nhieu tang y nghia, phat trien theo logic di tir suy nghT (phong each tu duy) den ndi, viet (phong each dien dat) va bieu hien qua boat dpng sdng hang ngay (phong each lam viec, phong each img xir, phong each sinh hoat).
2.2. He thdng phong each Hd Chi Minh 2.2.1. Phong cdch tuduy
Phong each tu duy la nhiing dac diem rieng, co tinh he thdng, dn dinh tien co sd cua mdt each thirc thyc Men phuong phap tu duy cua rieng minh ai dd. Cho nen, tiong phong each tu duy, cd sy thdng nhit giira each thuc thuc bien phuong phap tu duy va ndi dung, ket qua ciia tu duy. Tu tudng Hd Chi Minh la kit qua cua mdt qua trinh tu duy khoa hgc.
Phong each tu duy ddng vai tid tryc tilp din din viec xac lap tu tudng Hd Chi Minh. Mat khac, can cu dl tim hilu phong each tu duy Hd Chi Minh la tu tudng Hd Chi Minh dugc the hien tiong cac di cao va hanh ddng cua Ngudi. Net dac sac nhat ttong phong each tu duy Hd Chi Minh la tinh thin dpc lap, tie chu, sdng tao, ty minh tim tdi, suy nghJ, tmy den tan cimg ban chit cua sy vat, hien tugng dl tim ra chan Iy each mang, phii hpp vdi nhu cau va dieu kien thyc tien cua dit nudc, thdi dai minh dang sdng mdt each sau sac, phai biet xuat phat tir thuc tien dan tdc va thdi dai, lam dinh hudng cho tu duy va hanh ddng.
Phong each tu duy Hd Chi Minh dya tten nhiing nguyen tic nghiem ngat cd tinh chat phuong phap luan.
Thu nhdt, tu duy tien nhung cu lieu thuc tl Viet Nam. Mpi suy nghT, ttan ttd cua Hd Chi Minh deu nhim cai dich la cuu nudc, ciru dan, lam sao cho dan giau, nudc
36 II TRU-erNGPAIHOCTHt>BOHANQ^
manh, ngudi Viet Nam ai ciing cd com an, ao mac, dugc hgc hanh. Viec xuat phat tu thuc tl Viet Nam dl tu duy va hanh ddng da lam cho phong each tu duy Hd Chi Min"
vugt len so vdi cac nha yeu nudc thudc the he trudc va cung thdi vdi Ngudi.
Thu hai, rdng md tu duy tien ca sd nghien cuu, nim bit cac tu tudng va hpc thuyet da cd. Trudc khi den vdi chu nghia Mac - Lenin, Hd Chi Minh da theo hpc Nho hoc, tiep can Phat giao, Thien chua giao, lam quen vdi cac nha each mang va khai sang phuong Tay. Sau khi din vdi chu nghia Mac - Lenin, Ngudi van tiep tyc tim hilu chii nghia tam dan ciia Ton Trung Son (Trung Qudc), thuyet bat bao ddng cua Gangdi (An dp),...
Hd Chi Minh khdng cd thanh kien vdi bat ky tu tudng, hpc thuylt nao. Suy nghT ciia Hd Chi Minh la nit ra nhiing gi can thiet cho each mang Viet Nam, phu hgp vdi dan tdc Viet Nam, giiip ich cho sy nghiep giai phdng, chan hung va phat trien dat nudc.
Ngudi suy nglm, so sanh, chat loc dieu hay le phai, phan biet dung - sai, tien bp hay lac hau, phil hgp hay khdng phii hop vdi Viet Nam tten co sd phuong phap luan macxit, quan dilm, lap trudng ciia giai cap cdng nhan, vi lgi ich cua nhan dan, Td qudc Viet Nam. Hilm co mdt nha ly luan macxit nao, hon the nira lai la lanh tu cdng san lai cd nhiing nhan xet chinh xac ve cac hpc thuyet Idn trong lich sir tu tudng nhan loai nhu Hd Chi Mmh. Ngudi nhin thiy ttong cac ttao luu tu tudng cua loai ngudi cac gia tri lam ngudi chan cbinb, nhan van cao ca, nhung ciing phat hien ra rang nhiing hgc thuyet nhu Nho giao, Phat giao, Thien chiia giao,... deu la nhirng hgc thuylt khdng each mang triet dl. Cac hpc thuylt do rat giau tinh thuang yeu con ngudi, nhung khdng vach ra cho con ngudi con dudng tu giai phdng ma khuyen hg cam chiu, trdi budc hp trong khudn khd trat tu duong thdi, tham chi cdn phat ngdn benh vuc nhiing ke bdc lot, chdng lai nhiing ngudi bi ap birc. Phai cd mdt tu duy rdng md, khdng dinh kien va khoan dung thi mdi cd nhiing nhan xet sat thyc nhu vay. O the ky XX, Hd Chi Minh la ngudi biet su dung cac nhan td hgp ly trong cac hpc thuyet cua nhan loai lam co sd cho be thdng ly luan cua minh.
Thie ba^ hudng tdi cai mdi, cai tien bd, md rdng tam nhin ra the gidi de tu duy. Cai mdi, cai tien bd la tai san chung ciia loai ngudi, khdng thudc sd hiru cua rieng ai. D I nim bit dugc nd, ddi hdi mdi ngudi phai cd vdn tri thiic nhit dinh, nhit la dl sir dung, ling dung cai mdi, cai tien bd vao cudc sdng tbi vdn kien thiic cang phai phong phu, da dang, sau rdng. De chien thang su ddt nat, chi cd con dudng duy nhat la khdng ngirng hpc tap, nang cao tiinh dp mpi mat ciia con ngudi. Hd Chi Minh nhieu lan can dan can bd, dang vien hay nhd ldi day cua V.LLenin: Hgc, hpc niia, hgc mai. Ddi vdi Hd Chi Minh, hpc ttong nha trudng chi la khdi diem, hiiu ban, cai anh hudng din tu duy ciia Ngudi la hpc ttong trudng ddi dau tranh each mang cua nhan dan. Hd Chi Minh vira hoat dpng thyc tien vira tu hpc, vira tdng ket kinh nghiem de timg budc chilm duoc dinh cao cua tri tue, cua van minh. Tir mdt ngudi yeu nudc, mpt ngudi cdng san, Hd Chi Minh da ttd thanh nha van hda kiet xuat ciia nhan loai thdng qua con dudng ty hoc la chu ylu. Viec ty hpc dl bilt nhilu ngoai ngii, trong dd cd nhihig tilng thdng thao nhu tilng me de, da giiip Hd Chi Minh md rdng tim nhin ra thi gidi, nhin thiu sudt ljch sir van hda - van minh nhan loai.
TAP CHI KHOA HOC - s6 37/2020 || 37 Cac nguyen tic vira neu cd ket chat che vdi nhau, tao nen phong each tu duy dpc lap, ty chii, sang tao ciia Hd Chi Minh va ciing la co sd dinh hinh ban ITnh lam ngudi cua Ngudi
2.2.2. Phong cdch dien dgt
Phong each diln dat cua Ngudi ciing rit da dang, phong phii: cd ldi vilt tiong sang, uyen bac, han lam de ndi chuyen vdi cac chinh khach phuang Tay; cd ldi viet ham sue, y tai ngdn ngoai de ndi vdi cac bac dai nho; cd ldi viet mdc mac, gian di, de hieu, de nhd, dl lam, cd siic cudn hut manh me doi vdi ngudi cd trinli do thap. Bac Hd thudng dat ra bdn vin dl khi ndi va vilt la: Ndi, viet cai gi?; Ndi, viet cho ai?; Ndi, viet de lam gi?; Ndi, vilt nhu thi nao? Day la nhiing van de co tinh nguyen tic, dinh hudng cho viec ndi va vilt cua moi ngudi, nhit la ddi vdi ngudi lanh dao. Dac tnmg co ban tiong each ndi, each viet ciia Hd Chi Minh la: chan thyc, ngan gpn, ro rang, ttong sang, gian di, de hieu, di thang vao van dl, khdng mau me, lit leo, quanh co,... Bac Hd can dan phai chdng cac benh hay ndi chii, ham dung chu, sinh dimg chii nudc ngoai, tham chi khdng hieu ciing dimg.
Cd the ndi, phong each dien dat Hd Chi Minh chang nhiing ngan gpn, cd dpng, gian di, de hieu ma cdn ludn ludn bien hoa, nhat quan ma da dang: danh thep khi td cao, sdi ndi ttong tianh luan, thiet tha trong keu ggi, an can ttong giang giai, sang sua ttong thuyet phuc,... Nhiing dac trung co ban dd ttong phong each dien dat Hd Chi Minh van giii nguyen tinh khoa hpc va hien dai, vin la nhiing bai hgc quy gia ddi vdi tit ca mpi ngudi, nhat la nhiing ngudi tryc tiep lam cdng tac thdng tin, tuyen truyen, giao due ly luan cho dai chiing.
2.2.3. Phong cdch lam viec
Hd Chi Minh da timg lam nhieu viec de sdng va hoat ddng each mang, dam nhan nhiing ttpng trach, cdng viec khac nhau cua each mang Viet Nam va each mang the gidi.
Do vay ttong phong each lam viec, Hd Chi Minh luu tam trudc het den phong each cdng tac, phong each lanh dao cua can bd, dang vidn. Di san trong phong each lam viec Hd Chi Minh ket tinh thanh cac gia tri phd biln, cd stic lan tda lau ben qua cac thdi ky each mang.
Thic nhdt, phong cdch lam viec sdu sdt qudn chung, di diing duong ldi qudn chung
"lang nghe y kiin cda ddng vien, cua nhdn ddn, cua nhiing nguoi khdng quan trpng ".
Phong each nay bat ngudn tir sy thim nhuan sau sac quan diem cua chit nghTa Mac- Lenin: quan chiing la ngudi sang tao ra lich sir, each mang la sy nghiep cua quan chung. Ngudi ludn cd Idng tin vd tan ddi vdi quin chung. Hd Chi Minh ludn ludn cham lo tang cudng mdi lien he vdi quin chung, va coi do la ngudn sue manh tao nen mpi thang lgi ciia su nghiep each mang. Phong each quan chiing cua Ngudi nhu cd sue hiit ky la, lam cho quin chiing din vdi Ngudi khdng chiit e ngai, ciing binh di, ty nhien nhu hp vin sdng hang ngay. Tac phong iy lam cho lanh ty va quan chiing de dang hoa nhap vdi nhau trong su ddng cam sau sic nhit. Nhd vay, mgi ngudi cd the ndi hit nhirng suy nghi, tran trd cua minh cdn Ngudi thi ling nghe de cd the hieu dugc nhip dap cua cupc sdng xung quanh.
Thic hai, phong cdch lam viec tap thi. ddn chu, ludn tudn thii nghiim ngdt nguyen tdc tap trung ddn chu, tap thi lanh dao, cd nhdn phu trdch. La ngudi dirng dau Dang cam
TRlTCyNGBAI HOCTHO DO HANQI quyln, dung diu Nha nudc, nhung Hd Chi Minh tiiudng xuyen cd phong each lam viec tap the va dan chii. Gan bd vdi tap thi, tdn ttpng tap thi, phat huy sue manh cua tap the - tirih than ^y cang tham sau vao suy nghi va hanh ddng cua Ngudi. Phong each dan chu Hd Chi Minh dugc bieu hien tir viec Idn din viec nho: tir soan thao ban Tuyen ngdn Dpc lap cho den viet mpt bai bao, mdt bai tho, in mdt thilp chiic mimg nam mdi,... Ngudi deu tham khao y kien cua Bd Chinh tri, hay nhiing ngudi xung quanh. Mpi van de kinh te, chinh tri, quan sy, ngoai giao, kboa hgc - ky thuat,... Ngudi diu dua vao dpi ngii tri thuc, chuyen gia trong bd may cua Dang va Chinh phii, yeu cau chuan bi ky, ttao ddi rdng, sao cho mgi chu truong, chinh sach cua Dang va phap luat cua Nha nudc dugc can nhac, lya chgn than tigng, sau khi ban hanh, it phai thay ddi, bd sung. Khi ban ve each lam va xuat ban loai sach Ngudi tdt, viec tdt vdi mot sd can bd, Ngudi ndi: "Bac mudn ban luan dan chu, cac chii cd y kien gi trai vdi Bac tbi cu cai, nhat tri rdi ve lam mdi tdt dugc. Khdng nen: Bac ndi gi, cac chii cii ghi vao sd ma trong bung thi chua that rd, rdi cac chii khdng lam, hay lam mdt each qua loa"[l]. Ben canh dd, Ngudi kich lidt phe phan can bd quan lieu, "Mieng thi ndi dan chii, nhmig lam viec thi hp theo ldi
•'quan" chii. Mieng thi ndi "phung sy quan chiing", nhung hp lam ttai nguoc vdi lpi ich cua quan chiing, ttai ngugc vdi phuong cham, chinh sach cua Dang va Chinh phu" [2].
Tac phong tap the - dan chu ciia Bac ludn ludn tao ra dugc khdng khi lam viec boat bat, phan khdi, hang hai va day sang tao. Trong cdng tac lanh dao Dang va Nha nudc, Ngudi ludn cd y thiic sir dung sire manh tdng hgp cua nhieu co quan, nhieu td chuc.
Trudc khi quyet dinh mdt cdng viec he ttgng, Ngudi deu hdi lai can than va chu dao nhiing ngudi da giiip minh.Tat ca nhimg ai da dugc Bac giao viec deu cam nhan sau sac dieu dd. Ddi vdi can bp, dang vien, trudc het la ddi vdi nhirng ngudi d cuong vi lanh dao thi ddi hdi phai cd tac phong tap the - dan chii that sy chu khdng phai gia tao, hinh thiic de che lap y dd xau cua ca nhan.
Thu ba, phong cdch lam viec khoa hpc, cd Id chiec viec kiem tra, kiem sodt chat che.
Tuc la lam viec gi ciing phai dieu tra, nghien cuu, thu thap thdng tin, sd lieu, de nam chic thyc chit tinh hinh. Tuy sinh ra d mdt dat nudc vdi nhiing tan du cua nen san xuat nhd, lac hau, nhung Hd Chi Minh da sdm ty xay dung cho minh mot phong each lam viec khoa hgc. Tac phong khoa hpc ciia Ngudi cdn the hien d lam viec phai di sau, di sat, nim viec, nam ngudi, nam tinh hinh cu the. Phai xem xet, ddi chieu nbijng y kiln khac nhau dl lya chpn nhiing y kien dung, sang Ipc nhimg thdng tin sai lech. Lam vide phai cd myc dich rd rang, tap trung, chuong ttinh, ke hoach dat ra phai sat hgp "Dich nghia la nhim vao dd ma ban. Nhieu dich qua thi loan mat khdng bin tning dich nao"
[3]. Can bd, dang vien thudng gap mdt khuylt diem la dau tu nhilu cdng sue vao viec vach ra chuang tiinh, ke hoach to tat, nhung lai it tim each de thuc hien cho dugc chuong trinh, ke hoach da de ra.
Tac phong khoa hpc cdn ddi hdi lanh dao phdi cu thi, phdi kip ih&i, phdi thiit thuc.
Hd Chi Minh da phe phan benh "hiiu danh vd thuc" d khdng it can bd, dang vien,
"lam viec khdng thilt thyc, khdng tir chd gdc, cho chinh, khdng tir dudi lam nen.
Lam cho cd chuyen, lam lay rdi. Lam dugc it suyt ra nhieu, de lam mdt ban bao cao
TAP CH! KHOA HOC ~ SO 37/2020 || 39 cho oai nhung xet ky lai thi rdng tuyech,... The la ddi tra vdi Dang, cd tdi vdi Dang.
Lam viec khdng thiet thyc, bao cao khdng that tha ciing la mdt benh rat nguy hiem"
[4]. Trong cdng tac lanh dao, Hd Chi Minh rat coi trpng van de tdng ket thuc tien de nit kinh nghiem titng viec, tir dd Ngudi bd sung kip thdi nhiing chii ttuong chua diing, chua du va quan trpng ban la nit ra nhirng ket luan de bd sung cho ly luan.
Hd Chi Minh nghiem khac len an benh "hiiu danh vd thyc", benh hinh thiic, khi ra chi thi, nghi quyet thi khdng gan vdi dieu kien thuc te, khdng gin vdi quin chung va co sd. Trong chi dao thuc hien thi khdng cd ke hoach, bien phap cu thi, khdng kilm tra, kiem soat, khdng tdng ket diic nit kinli nghiem.
Ngudi chi ro: Khi ra quyet dinh cdng tac, hay khi dinh ra each td chuc thyc hien, khdng dugc ngdi tren ban giay, nghe ngudi dan bao cao rdi ve vdi, do chu quan tudng tupng ma khdng di sau sat thuc te. Ngudi kich liet phe phan nhirng ldi lam viec khdng thiet thyc, lam cho cd chuyen, lam dugc it suyt ra nhieu, "de lam mdt ban bao cao cho oai, nhung xet ky lai rdng tuyech".
Thie tu, phong cdch neu guong. Hd Chi Minh cho rang: "Ndi chung thi cac dan tdc phuong Ddng giau tinh cam, va ddi vdi hp, mdt tim guong sdng cdn cd gia tti ban mdt ttam bai dien van tuyen truyen". Ngudi ddi hdi mdi can bd, dang vien phai lam kieu mau trong cdng tac va ldi sdng, tiong mgi liic, mpi noi, ndi phai di ddi vdi lam de quan chung noi theo. Ndi di ddi vdi lam la mdt ndi dung dao due truyen thdng cua dan tpc.
Ke thira truyen thdng dao diic cua dan tdc, Hd Chi Minli da neu thanh mdt npi dung ciia tu each ngudi each mang. Ndi di ddi vdi lam ddi lap vdi ndi ma khdng lam cua nhiing ngudi hua sudng, hoac "ndi mot dang lam mot neo" cua nhirng ke ca hdi.
Thuc te cho thay, neu mgt can bp, dang vien "ndi mdt dang lam mdt neo" tbi tiudc con mit cua nhan dan, hp khdng cdn la ngudi chien sT tien phong nua, hg tuyen truyen se chang ai nghe. Va thyc chat, hp da tu tudc mat vai trd cua ngudi lanh dao.
Thu ndm, phong cdch ddi mdi. khdng chdp nhdn ldi cU, du&ng mdn. Dd la mdt phong each khdng cd chap, khdng bao thu, ludn ddi mdi, hudng ve cai tich cue, tien bd, cho du dang nim trong qua tiinh phdi thai, dinh hinh. Ngudi ndi: "Tu tudng bao thii nhu la sgi day cot chan, cdt tay ngudi ta,... Mudn tien bd thi phai cd tinh than manh dan, dam nghi, dam lam" [5]. Cudc ddi Ngudi la mdt tam guong tuyet vdi ve ddi mdi, cd sue ggi md, kich thich sy ddi mdi, sang tao cho mdi chiing ta. Chu tich Hd Chi Minh da cdng hien trpn cudc ddi cho sy nghiep each mang. Chinh pham chat cao dep dd, Ngudi da xay dyng cho minh phong each lam viec ma Dang ta da tian trpng ggi la phong cdch Ho ChiMinh.
2.2.4, Phong cdch itng xir
Phong each iing xir cua mdi ngudi dugc bieu hien qua ngdn ngii, cu chi, phong thai va phong dp ciia con ngudi. Phong each ting xu bat ngudn tir nhan each, ttinh dp hieu biet, khi chit, vdn sdng va ban ITnh chinh tri cua hp. Mdi ngudi cd phong each ung xu rieng tiiy thudc vao mdi trudng, hoan canh va dia vi cdng tac ma ngudi dd dam nhan.
Hd Chi Minh giao tilp vdi nhilu ddi tugng khac nhau, tren nhieu dia ban khac
40 II TRU-grNGBAI H O C T H O B Q H ^ J J ^ ' nhau. Tiiy theo doi tugng, khdng gian van hda ma Ngudi cd each ung xd thich ngp^.
Trong phong each ung xu Hd Chi Minh, net ndi trdi vin la each ung xu ciia moi nna chinh tri chuyen nghiep, nha van hda kiet xuit. Ci Hd Chi Minh, chinh tri va van hoa hda quyen vdi nhau, chinh tri dat den chieu sau gia tri van hda, van hda cd tinli chinh tti, phuc vu muc tieu chinh tri.
Phong each ung xu Ho Chi Minh la sy phan anh nhan each sieu viet cua Nguoi, phan anh tri tue tam hdn, dao due trong sang cua mpt nhan each ldi lac, chung diic tiong dd ca tinh boa dan tdc va thdi dai, nay da trd thanh chuin muc cua van hoa ung xu Viet Nam. Phong each img xu Hd Chi Minh thyc su la phong each iing xir van hoa, ma dac trung CO ban la: Ddi vdi nhan dan, ban be, ddng chi, anh em thi tu nhien, binh di, cdi md, chan tinh, vira chii dpng linh boat lai vira an can, te nhi, binh di, tu nhien den muc hdn nhien, lam cho bit cu ai dupe gap Ngudi deu tiiiy khdng khi chan hoa, am ciing, thoai mai, khdng e ngai, sg set, khdng cam thay sy each biet giiia lanh tu va quan chung, giira vT nhin vdi binh dan. Hd Cbi Minh ludn ludn thi bien thai dp yeu thuong, quy men con ngudi, tran trpng con ngudi, khoan dung, khiem nhudng, dp lugng vdi con ngudi.
Chinh vi vay ma sue cudn hiit, cam hoa, cam phuc, nguong md va tbdi thuc mpi ngudi hudng tdi cai chan, thien, my ttong cudc sdng va cdng tac, hpc tip, xay dyng va phat ttien. Cho du la ai, ngudi binh dan quet rac, nba khoa hpc hay cac chinh khach ndi tilng, moi khi dugc tilp xuc, gan giii Hd Cbi Minh deu cam nhan cai anh sang tda ra tir Ngudi dl hanh phuc ditng vung lam ngudi.
Phong each iing xu Hd Chi Minh la sy phan anh trung thyc tam bdn, dao due, nhan each Hd Cbi Minh. Nd chua dyng nhirng gia tri nhin van cao dep. Muc dich la hudng con ngudi vuon tdi cac gia tri lam ngudi ben viing, gia tri Chan, thien, my. Khi can nhac nhd, Ngudi khdng quen chi bao tin tinh; khi cin phe phan, Ngudi rit nghiem khac, khdng bao che khuyet diem nhung lai rit dp lugng, bao dung, khoan thii, nham ning con ngudi len, chu khdng ha thap, vui dap, nd lam cho con ngudi ty tin, dam ngang cao dau de sdng.
2.2.5. Phong cdch sinh hogt
Phong each sinh boat la mdt net chdi sang tiong nhan each Hd Chi Minh, da dupe biet bao the be, ngudi ddi ca ngoi. Phong each sinh boat Hd Chi Minh cd nhilu ndi dung da ttd thanh huyen thoai khdng chi vdi nhan dan Viet Nam ma cdn ddi vdi ca thi gidi. Hd Chi Minh cd cudc sdng ddi thudng gian di, Ngudi da sdng cudc sdng ciia ngudi thg, ngudi thuy thu, nha van, nha bao, nha giao, hpc vien, ngudi linh trong chiln ttanh, ngudi chien sT each mang boat ddng bi mat, ngudi tii, nha chinh khach, nha ngoai giao,... va nhieu nam la nguyen thu qudc gia. C Ngudi, sinh boat trd thaitii cac chuin myc: Dd la sy thanh dam, thanh cao ttong smh boat hang ngay; dd la each sdng chiing muc, dilu dp, ngan nip, yeu lao ddng, rit quy trpng thdi gian, khdng ham mudn danh lgi rieng cho minh; do la tinh thuong yeu con ngudi quyen vdi tinh yeu thien nhien tao nen tinh thin lac quan ciia ngudi chien sT, kit hpp chat che vdi nhirng rung dpng say me cua mdt tam hdn nghe sT.
Cd thi thiy ttong phong each Hd Chi Minh la su chit Ipc, chung cat tit ca nhirng ei la chan, thien, my cua tinh hoa xir the nhan loai. Thanh cdng cua Ngudi dugc ly gi^j ^^^
TAP CHI KHOA HOC - S O 3 7 / 2 0 2 0
nhilu nhan td, song cung cd t h i ndi, ttong thanh cdng dd, cd p h i n ddng gdp khdng nlid cua nhirng p h i m chit ca nhan hiem cd cua Ngudi. Phong each sinh boat cua Hd Chi Minh da lam cho Ngudi trd thanh con ngudi toan ven theo dung nguyen t i c : L i y khiem tdn, gian di lam nin; liy chimg muc, dieu do lam chuan; lay trong sach, thanh tao lam vui; liy g i n bd giira con ngudi vdi thien nhien lam niem say me vd tin. Triet ly nhan sinh nay theo dudi sudt ca cudc ddi Hd Chi Minh, tir khi budc vao ddi cho d i n khi Ngudi v l noi vTnh hang. De tid thanh mdt ngudi toan ven da khd (vT dai trong nhiing viec Idn, cao thugng d nhiing viec nhd hang ngay), viec tid thanh con ngudi trpn ven lai cang khd hon. Nhung Hd Chi Minh da lam dugc va trd thanh tim guong sang de moi ngudi cd thi hgc tap va noi guong lam theo.
3. K E T L U A N
Phong each Hd Cbi Minh la tai san tinh t h i n vd cung to Idn cua Dang, d i n tdc ta, mai mai la ngudn sang bat t i n soi roi vao mdi t i m bdn con ngudi Viet Nam, hudng cho mpi ngudi den vdi chan, thien, my cua cudc sdng. Hpc tap va lam theo phong each cua Ngudi cd y nghia vd ciing quan trpng ddi vdi su nghiep each mang d nudc ta. Phong each Hd Chi Minh giup can bd, dang vien phai ludn luon tu tu duong, ren luyen de trd thanh nhiing ngudi cd pham chat chinh tri, dao dire ldi sdng gian di trong sang, ludn g i n bd mat thiet vdi n h i n d i n , ludn liy lgi ich cua nhan dan lam muc dich boat ddng. Phong each Hd Chi Minh la tim guong giup n h i n dan nhin vao dd lam nhiing dieu dung, dieu thien, chdng lai thdi hu, tat xau. Ddng thdi, khdng ngimg cung cd long tin cua nhan dan vdi can bp, dang vidn, ciing nbu cung cd mdi quan he giiia Dang vdi nhan dan. Do vay, hgc t i p va lam theo phong each Hd Chi Minh ndi chung va phong each lam viec cua Ngudi ndi rieng la nhiem vy trudc mat va lau dai ddi vdi sy nghiep each mang d n u d c ta hien nay.
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O
1. Hd Chi Minh (1996) Biin nien tiiu sic, Nxb Chinh tri qudc gia. Ha Npi, tap 10, tt.l91.
2 Hd Chi Minh (1996), Todn tap, Sdd, t.6, tt. 292
3. H6 Chi Minh (1995), Todn tap, Nxb Chinh tti Quoc gia, Ha Ndi, tap 5, tt.285.
4. H6 Chi Minh (1995), Todn tap, Sdd, tap 5, tr.256-257
5. Ho Chi Minh (1995), Thu gui ddng bdo vd cdn bo Nam Lien, ngay 13-2-1962, Tu lieu Bao tang Hd Chi Minh.
R E S E A R C H I N G H O C H I M I N H S T Y L E S Y S T E M
Abstract: Ho Chi Minh - hero of national liberation, world cultural celebrity; His thoughts, words, deeds... always deserve valuable lessons for every Vietnamese person. The Party and the Government always call on each of us to live, study and follow the Ho Chi Minh style. So what is Ho Chi Minh style? What are the styles, why do we have to live, study and follow the Ho Chi Mmh style? How to live, study and follow the style of Ho Chi Minh? The article aims to answer all these questions.
Keywords: style, Ho Chi Minh style.
