Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
KET QUA COIMC TAp DAO TAO HUtlNC, DAN KHAO SAT, THIET KE VA CHUYEN GIAO CONG NGHE OAO CHONG LO
bang vi neo chat deo cot thep tai Tong Cong ly Odng Bac
In recent years, at some member units of Dong Bac Corporation, supporting bolts including reinforced concrete and reinforced resin bolts have been applied with initial results. For increasing the efficiency and productivity, in the year of 2011, Dong Bac Corporation coordinated with Institute of Mining Science and Technology (IMSAT) in carrying out the training works on investigating, designing and transferring the driving and supporting technology with reinforced resin bolts at six member units of Dong Bac Corporation
KS. N 6 N G VI$T HUNG
TS. PHAM MINH 00*0
Vi$n Khoa hgc Cdng ngh^ Md • Vinacomin KS. NGUYEN QUANG BINH
KS. NGUYEN T R A N THANH TSng Cdng ty Ddng Bic
Nhu'ng nam g i n day mdt s i dan vj trong Tong Cong ty D6ng Ble da dp dyng ching 16 bing vi neo (neo be t6ng cot thep - BTCT va neo c h i t deo cot thep - CDCT), bude d i u da dgt dugc mpt so k i t qua kha quan, khang djnh nhu'ng uu dilm vugt trpi cua logi k i t cau ching nay so vdi k i t cau ching 16 truyen thing. Tuy nhien, viec phat triln dp dyng ehua dap LPng dugc yeu c i u , vi mpt so nguyen nhan chu quan va khach quan, d6 la:
H i u h i t cac dan vj san xuat than, xay dyng mo h i m 16 ehua du nang lye 6e t y khao sat. thilt ke. chf dgo thi cong dao ching 16 bdng vi neo; chua chu dpng d i y mgnh e6ng tac ching bing vi nee; chua d i u t u mua s i m du trang thilt bj chuyen dung chp viee thi cong vi neo; ehua tich eye trong viec dao tgo, xay dyng dpi ngu can bp ky thugt va e6ng nhdn eo du nang lye, trinh dp 6e t y t l chCre khap sat, thiet k l va chi dgo thi e6ng dao chong 16 bing vi neo.
- Dilu kien dja chit mo cua mpt s i khu vyc eo k l hogeh ching 16 bing vi neo bj thay doi
nhilu so vdi dy kiln ban d i u , d i t da y l u kh6ng eho phep ching 16 bing neo.
Trong dilu kien do, thyc hipn Chf thj s i 113/CT-Vinacomin.
ngdy 23/6/2011, V/v "Thyc hien c6ng tac ching 16 bing vi neo trong cdc mo h i m 16 Viet Nam", cua T i n g Gidm d i e Tgp doan Cong nghiep Than Khoang san Viet Nam (Vinacomin), Tong C6ng ty D6ng Ble hgp tac vdi Vien Khoa hpe C6ng nghe Mo Vinacomin (Vien KHCN Mo) t l chLPC triln khai dao tgo, hudng ddn vd chuyin giao e6ng nghe khao sdt, ldp thilt k l vd ddo ching 16 bing vi neo CDCT, vdi myc dich va ydu c i u nhu sau:
1) Ddo tgo, hudng d i n ching 16 bing vi neo eho dpi ngu c6ng nhdn ky thu#t eua 6 dgn vj san xuit than h i m 16 thupc Ting C6ng ty D6ng Ble, vdi myc tieu k i t thue ndm 2011, m i i dan vj c6 tCi" 3 d i n 5 dpi thg dao 16 todn ndng, thuin thyc quy trinh cong nghe ching 16 b i n g cac logi hinh neo (neo dgng nem, nep cdp, neo BTCT, neo CDCT..), ky thugt khoan n l min tgo bien va dugc Tgp
doan Vinacomin cong nhgn.
2) Dao tgo d$i ngu edn bp trong viec khao sat, Igp thilt k l , vgn hanh su dyng may moc chuyen dyng va giam sdt thi cong dao ehing 16 bing vi neo.
dugc Tap dodn Vinacomin c6ng nhgn, vdi myc tieu tCr ndm 2012, cac dan vj t y thyc hien hoan toan cac npi dung e6ng viee lien quan d i n thi e6ng ching neo tai cac dudng 16, tu"
cong tdc khao sat, Igp thilt k l vd gidm sat thi c6ng.
Trdn ca sd dilu kien thuc t l . Ting Cong ty da t l chipc thdnh hai Idp ddo tgo, Idp thu nhit 31 hpc vien. Id cdc cdn bp cOa Tong Cong ty, tCf Phd Ting Gidm doc d i n Trudng, Ph6 cdc phdng ehuydn mon, nghiep vy vd cdc cdn bO ky thugt chu chit cua cdc dan vj thdnh vien, vd Idp thu' hai t l chCpc tgi 6 dan vj thdnh vien (Cong ty TNHH MTV 91; Cong ty TNHH MTV 86; Cong ty TNHH MTV 35; Cong ty TNHH MTV 45;
Cong ty TNHH MTV 790; Cdng ty TNHH MTV Thang Long) vdi ting s i 130 hpc vidn la cac can bp ky thugt, quan die, ph6 quan 66c va ecng nhan tryc tilp thi ccng dap ching 16.
KHCNM s o 3/2012* CNKT HAM L 6
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe mo
D i i vdi nghe chong 16 bang vi neo BTCT: Neo BTCT c6 phgm vi dp dyng ching giu' cac dudng 16 da. da vay quanh e6 dp bin trung binh, it nCpt ne, phan Idp, chi tieu RQD ^ 50%, hcac RMR > 41 hogc Q > 4 hay cac ehl tieu dp b i n nen dpc tryc eua da a^ ^ 40MPa, trpng lugng t h i tich > 2,55T/m3 Do neo BTCT da dugc dp dyng phi biln tLP nhieu nam nay, quy trinh cong nghe da thanh thyc nen kh6ng de cgp sdu trong chuang trinh dao tgo nay.
Doi vdi cong nghe ching 16 bang vi neo CDCT Neo CDCT Id mpt logi kit ciu ching tich eye, huy dpng dugc kha ndng ty chong da cua dd bao quanh dudng 16, chju tai ngay sau khi lap ddt, trudc khi dd xuit hien nCrt ne vd chuyin vj, vi vgy, phgm vi dp dyng cua neo CDCT cung rpng han, e6 t h i dp dyng ching 16 dpc via than. Trong thdi gian qua, vi neo CDCT da dugc dua vdo thu' nghidm. chong giCp 16 than nhung dudng 16 chi ton tgi mpt thdi gian ngdn, sau dd phai xen Igi. Nguyen nhan chinh Id do phuang phap xac djnh c h i t lugng khoi da bao quanh dudng 16 - dieu kien on djnh khoi dd khi chong giQ' 16 bang neo chua dung; can bp ky thugt chua nam d u g c nguydn ly lam vide cua neo - phuang phap tinh toan, t h i l t ke hp chilu chong giu' bang neo trong cac dudng 16 than;
cong nhan chua thanh thyc thao tdc cong nghe. Mpt vi dy, vdi vide dp dyng "Gia thuyet v6m" eua Protodiaconov, 16 ehIng neo thudng dugc chpn tilt didn hinh v6m 3 tam, trong nhilu trudng hgp se khong phu hgp vdi dieu kidn I n djnh
eua da vay quanh, viec tgo vom da cat Idp da vdeh va vo tinh da tgo ndn k i t c i u d i m conxan kem on djnh, theo do, dudng 16 nhanh chdng bi nen bep khi dua vdo su' dyng.
Vi vgy, chuang trinh dao tgo v l cong nghe ching 16 bing vi neo CDCT tgp trung vdo hai npi dung ehinh, d6 Id:
- Chit lugng khoi da bao quanh dudng 16 dilu kien I n djnh khii dd d i n sCe dyng ching giu' 16 bing neo.
- Neo mpt logi kit c i u chong 16 tich eye - nguyen ly lam vipe cua neo - phuang phap tinh todn, thilt k l hp chilu ching giu" bing neo trong cdc dudng 16 than.
Ve ngi dung "Chat lu^ng khoi da bao quanh dwong Id dieu ki$n on dmh khoi da den SU" dung chong giO Id bang neo", cac bdi giang v l chit lugng khii da dugc chpn Ipc tCr eae nguIn vd kit qua su' dyng cdc he thing phan logi chit lugng khoi da, sy hinh thdnh vd phdt triln khe nCpt anh hudng d i n chit lugng khoi da.
Co hai cdch phdn logi v l su on djnh cua dudng 16 Id: on djnh theo tai trpng vd In djnh theo thdi gian.
Phdn logi I n djnh theo tai trpng dugc gidi thieu tO' nguydn ly, nguon g l e vd sy d i n giai v l tinh I n djnh cua da. Cac gia thuylt dugc d l cgp la gia thuylt "v6m", theo Protodia- conov vd mpt so gia thuylt khac e6 lidn quan, trong d6 d l cap sau thdm tdc dpng cua sy day hong, sy truang nd hay anh hudng cua dp lye tya do khai thdc 16 chg d i n sy I n djnh dydng 16.
Cac phyang phap tinh on djnh theo tai trpng, dp dugc tilp
can nhieu trong thyc te tu" trudc d i n nay, ndn luon eo mat trong tilm thCpc vd thanh thoi quen trong t u duy cua mpi ngudi, mgt khac, dc tinh toan dan gian (vi da logi bo cdc y l u to anh hudng), tu' do ddn d i n cac sai s6t khi thilt ke vd thi cong.
- Phan logi on djnh dudng 16 theo thdi gian:
Trdn t h i gidi, vai chuc nam g i n day ngudi ta thudng SCP dyng cdc phuang phap tinh on djnh dudng 16 theo thdi gian.
Sy on djnh cua da bao quanh cong trinh ngam phu thupc vdo dp ben, vao s l lugng vd tinh chit be mat khe nCpt v.v...Viec xdc djnh dp ben cua da vd khoi da dugc thyc hien bang cdc may keo nen vgn nang, eae chi tidu v l nCpt ne dugc thyc hien tgi hien trudng bang cdc dyng cy, may m6c d l do dge. Trdn ca sd cac tinh chat eua da, dac biet tinh chat cua nCpt ne de djnh diem eae ehi tidu va ting hgp s l diem 6e phan logi chat lugng da va khii da.
Vide djnh dilm chat lugng khii da (RQD) thong qua kit qua thu thap vd do dge chilu ddi thdi loi khoan tgi hien trudng khi khoan lly mdu, ndn tinh thuc te cua vide phan logi cao, chinh xdc. Cac thilt bj xac djnh chit lugng khii da khdng qud dat tiln, dd thao tac vd su' dyng ndn thdi gian khao sdt, thi nghidm ngin nhung kit qua cao.
Gido trinh ddo tgo hudng d i n dugc bien sogn vdi cdc tdi lieu diy du ve ban chit cua cac phuang phdp ddnh gid chit lugng khii da, phuang phdp thi nghidm d l xae djnh cac chi tidu tinh toan, trinh ty thyc hien cdc thi nghidm, nhit Id phuang phdp khoan mdu xac djnh chi
KHCNM s o 3/2012* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hpc cong ngh^ mo
tidu RQD va tCj- chit lugng m l u RQD c6 t h i tinh todn cdc chi tidu khde nhu RMR, Q hay RMI.
Khi cdc hpe vidn bilt dugc chit lugng khii dd, phdn bi|t dugc nhu t h i ndo Id khii dd I n djnh vd khong bi s#p d l trong qud trinh khoan l i p neo m|t each cy t h i , khach quan, hp se ty tin vd thyc hi|n t i t han.
V6 ngi dung "Neo mdt lo$i ket ciu chong giu' tich cijrc - nguydn ly lam vigc cua neo - phwong phdp tinh todn, thiit ki hg chiiu ching giu' bing neo trong cdc du^ng Id than", Aidng ndm, ngdnh than dang phai thi ccng tir 250km d i n 300km dudng 16. hai phin ba trong s l d6 Id 16 ddo trong than, bao g i m cdc dudng 16 dpc via. 16 thugng. Viee ching giCr ede dudng 16 nay bj anh hudng r i t nhilu vdo dieu kien dja ky thugt mo. Do dp b i n cua than, da vach, da try tryc t i l p thip, nhit Id cdc Idp vdeh gia dd bj tdch khi Ip trin ndn n l u khpng ching giCp tich eye ngay se bj sgp 66, cac bdi giang 6e cgp d i n cdc nguydn ly lam viec eua neo, nhu nguydn ly treo, nguydn ly ban d i m , nguydn ly khoa neo;
hinh dgng t i l t dien dudng 16 dpc via than; thilt k l , xdy dyng hp chilu ddc, ching 16 b i n g neo CDCT.
v l hinh dgng tilt dien 16 dpc via than ching nee CDCT. sau nhilu nghidn CCPU thyc nghiem va tfnh tcdn ly thuylt thiy ring, ehl c6 su* dyng t i l t dien dgng hinh thang, hinh ehCr nhdt (tCpc la n6c 16 phing, n i m ngay sdt Idp da e6 d0 b i n dam bac) mdi giCr cho noc 16 I n djnh lau ddi.
o l thilt k l ky thugt ching neo CDCT, chuang trinh dao tgo tap trung vao hudng d i n cdc bude thyc hien, do la:
1) Khdo sdt, ddnh gid chat IwQng khii dd dw6ng Id ching neo:
Hydng d i n cdc phuang phdp ddnh gid xdc djnh chit lugng khii dd, gidi thi|u trang thilt bi khoan lly m l u RQD, nguydn t i c hogt ddng cua thilt bj khoan, cdc phy ki|n di kdm, cdc b l trg khi ndn, nudc phyc vy khoan, cdc logi mOi khoan, ydu ciu k9 thudt cua khoan miu.
Hudng d i n k9 thu|t khoan lly m i u RQD, l i p d$t, v$n hdnh thilt bj khoan, cdch l l y m i u I6i khoan, trinh ty s i p ddt I6i khoan, do dge chilu ddi I5i khoan, thi nghi|m xdc dinh dO b i n eua dd I6i khoan vd tinh todn chf tidu RQD.
Phuang phdp xdc djnh cdc vung biln dgng eua da noc, hong vd n I n 16.
TCf do, k i t lugn v l chit lugng khii da khu vyc khao sat, nhgn djnh v l kha nang su' dyng neo CDCT.
2) Gidfi thigu nguyen ly lam vigc cua neo CDCT.
Vdi cac nguydn ly Idm viec ca ban cua neo, nhit Id neo CDCT d i i vdi dudng 16 dpc vfa than d l chpn dugc chilu cao vung biln dgng deo. TCF cdc nhdn djnh ciia ngudi khdo sdt 66 dua ra quylt djnh v l vide chpn hinh dgng tilt dien; quylt djnh vj tri dudng 16 trong via than, bdm vdeh hay bdm try, logi bo vdeh gia, try gid, chilu ddy Idp vach tryc t i l p I n djnh d l e l m neo vd xdc djnh chilu ddi neo cdp khi c i n thilt.
3) Gidfi thi$u tinh chit ky thu$t chit dio.
Phan logi chit deo, tinh ndng ky thu|t va qui trinh bao hanh, vgn chuyin, bao quan va kilm tra thoi chit deo.
4) IHi chiiu ching Id dge via than bing neo CDCT
Ddy Id chygng ddo tgo mdt cdch bdi ban chuyen nghiep eua T i n g Cdng ty D6ng Bic, cdc hpc vidn tham gia hpe tdp diy du vd nghidm tue. Sau thdi gian hpc t$p, cdc hpc vidn phai qua kilm tra sdt hgch bing vi|c trd ldi cdc cdu hdi trie nghiem vd cdc cdu hdi thee tdi li^u cua Vien Khpa hpc Cdng nghe M P bien sogn. Qua dgt ddo tgo ndy, cdn ,bd c6ng nhdn cua Ting Cdng ty Ddng Ble dd nim dugc cdng nghd, v#t li|u, dilu kien dp dyng vd kha ndng ching giCr cua neo.
Mgt s6 kien nghj
Vdi myc tidu ty thilt k l vd triln khai edng tdc ching 16 bing vi neo chit deo c i t thep. Ting Cdng ty Dong Ble c i n phai trang bj diy du ede thilt bj khao sdt, thilt bj xdc djnh chit lugng khii dd nhu thilt bj khoan mlu Ing luin, thilt bj thi nghiem dp bin ndn ca hpe cua dd, thilt bi xdc djnh dp bin bdm dinh cua chit deo vdi nIn l l khoan, chit deo vdi thanh c i t neo, thilt bj xdc djnh tinh chit ly hod nudc md, 66 khang djnh dilu kien dja ky thugt md dam bao ching neo vd cdn bd thilt k l c i n dugc ddo tgo thdm d l n i m vCpng ydu c i u v l mdt ly thuylt, nhit Id chit lugng k h i i da va tinh chit vgt lidu neo./.
Tai lifu tham khao.
1. Thiit ki ching Id bang vl neo CDCT t^i cdc Id dd Cdng ty TNHH MTV 91. Cdng ty 45; Cdng ty 86; Cdng ty 35; Cdng ty 790;
Cdng ty Thang Long - Tong Cdng ty Ddng Bac do Vign Khoa hgc Cdng nghg Md l$p nam 2011.
2. Gido trinh Co hgc da va Khoi dd. PGS. TS Nguyen Quang Phich. Ha Ndi. 11/2007
KHCNM S6 3/2012* CNKT HAM L 6
