QUANTII-miAlllV
TAC DONG CUA VAN HOA TO CHlfC
T 6 I DONG L U C NGlTdl LAO DONG
• HOANG TH! HUE - LE THANH TUNG
T 6 M TAT:
Khoa hpc vfi thUc te da chdng minh, vfin hoa to chdc cd mo'i quan he chfit che tdi dOng li/e cda ngi/di Iao dpng. Nhieu doanh nghep (DN) da biet sijf dung vfin hoa to chdc nhi/ Ifi mpt cong cu hi?u hi^u de tac dpng tdi dpng life cija ngu'di iao dpng, tiT dd dan de'n nfing cao nfing sua't vfi tao ldi the canh tranh cho DN.
Bfii vi6't phan tich tdc dgng cua vfin hda td chdc tdi dgng life ngifdi laod^ng va sif hdp tfie tham gia eua con ngu'di trong qufi trinh hoat dgng. Trong dd, mot trong cfic gifi tri ed ban Ifi ton trgng con ngi/di, tao dieu kien cho cac thanh vien difdc phfit trien day dii c5 ve vfit cha't va linh than.
Tit khod: Vfin hod, van hod td chdc, d6ng life ngifdi Iao ddng.
1. Dfit vfin de
Van hoa cd tac dung nang cao &\f cam ke't td chdc va lam tang tinh kien dinh trong hanh vi cua ngirdi Iao dpng. dieu nay dem den lpi ich dich ihi/c cho td chdc. Theo quan diem cua ngu'di Iao dgng.
vfin hoa cd gia trj \i nd lam giam dang ke s\X md ho. Nd chi cho nhan vien mpi thd difdc tie'n hanh nhi/the nao va cai gi la quan trgng.
Khoa hpc \a thu'c te'da chdng minh, van hoa to chdc cd moi quan he chat che tdi ddng li/c cua ngu'di Iao ddng. Nhieu cac doanh nghiep da biet Sli: dung \;1ii hod td chdc nhif la mpt cong cu hiJu hieu dc tac dgng tdi dpng life cua ngifdi Iao dpng tif do dan den nang cao nang sua't Iao dpng. hieu qua san xuat kinh doanh va tao ldi the canh tranh
cho DN. Chdng han nhu'Just Born Inc vdi gia tri chu ye'u la: Hu'dng tdi con ngu'di va su" hdp tdc tham gia cua con ngifdi trong qua trinh hoat dpng hoac mpt trong cac gid tri cd ban cua Fsoft la ton trong con ngu'di. tao dieu kien cho cac thanh vien di/dc phat trien day du ca ve vat cha't \a tinh than.
Ke't qua, cac cong ty nay da thu du'dc ldi nhuan cao qua cac nam.
Nhi/ng dieu ddng quan tam hdn la cac DN Viet Nam chifa nhan thdc difdc hay nhan thdc rat md nhat \ e vai tro ciia van hoa td chdc do'i vdi dpng lyc cua ngu'di Iao dong. Dieu nay khie'n cdc doanh nghiep da khong khai thdc va su' dung toi da ngudn life cOa minh.
Van hod td chdc la mdt trong nhdng nhan td.
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mgt cong cu tfie ddng tdi dpng life Iao dpng. Nii.i>
cung cd sif kh.iL biet gida \in hoa manh \ a \ a n hoa y e u . V a n hoa td chdc cang manh thi cang nhicu thanh \ i e n chap nhan gid tri c d b a n ciia to chdc, cdc gia i n na> difpc chia sc rong rai, cd chu dmh \ a si/cam kOi cua c i c thfinh \ i e n iloi vdi cdc gid i n nd> cang Idn. D o d d . v3n hod manh r d r a n g sc cd anh hu'dng tdi hanh vi cua cjc nhan vien trong td chdc ldn hdn so vdi mgt ndn vfin hoa vcu M.'ii khac. vfin hod manh cd mdi lien quan in/c iicp tdi MCC giam mdc dp thay the nhan cong.
V j n hoa cung co ihc gay can trd ddi vdi si/diay Jdi. sif da dang cua nguon life. Biin than moi ngifdi Iao ddng cd mpt he thd'ng gifi tri va niem tin rieng.
Khi Ifim vice trong id chdc co nen van hod manh.
h g c a n tuan thii theo nhdng quy pham v i he thdng gia tri chung ciia id chdc. Nhu' vav. nhdng mfit manh hay nhu'ng ifti the ciia ngi/di Iao duny sc phan nfio bi han che hay khong cd dieu k i ^ n dc phfit hu). dieu nav co the Ifim giam doiiLi life Iao ddng
2. Nhifng tac dyng cua vfin hda tu chdc dd'n ngi/di Iao ddng
Vfin hod manh co ihc cd nhiTng anh hi/dng tieu cifc houc tich CLfc tdi td chdc \ a hanh vi cua nhan vien. Theo Miciosof. M.iry Kay: " V a n hod manh cd the tiop phan Ifim giam sir luan chuyen Iao dgng vi vfin hod manh quy tu du'dc sif nha't tri cao giifa nhdng thanh vicn ve nhifng gi ma td chdc cua hp dc ra " 16|. Nhai tri \ c muc dich nhif vav sc tao ra du'dc sir Men k c i , sif trung thanh va sif cam ke't
\di td chdc va nhu" the' sc giam difdc xu hu'dng ngifdi Iao dong tit bd id chdc cua hp. M,i( khd^
vfin ho.i manh cdn co i.ic dung lam lang tinh nha't qudn ciia hiinh v i . Hieu theo each nay. van hod manh cd the cd lac dung thay the cho si/ chinh thdc hod. Chinh thu'c hoa cao trong td chdc thu'dng tao ra di/dc tinh phuc tijng k\ luat. tinh kien dinh va kh.i nfing tien dodn -nhiing tdc ddng phd bien tdi ddng life IJni vice ciia ngu'di Iao ddng.
2.1. Vdn hod id chdc the hien d tniyen Ihd'ng tdn ti trgt /(/. kinh gid yeu tre.
Hav la mpt dao Iv cua phUtlng Ddng dUdc khai thac. sd dung trong hoai Jong quan Iv va kinh doanh the hien d che dd tfing lifdng va tang dii/dng
theo tham men. Che do nav tao sif gdn bd gii?a nfiu'di Iao ddng vii cdng i>. sU dn djnh dc cong hien \a la cd sd dc tiep thu cdc gia t n vfin hoa tif ben ngofii cung nhi/ k\ thuat tien tien. Nhifng chi
\ c ! Iheo tham men de" tang lifdng va tfing thi/dng Ihi chu'a chinh \ac ma con phai di k e m v d i hieu qua cdng viec, neu khdng sc tao ra sir tri tre trong td chdc va SI/ khdng cdng bSng gida c.ic nhfin vien. Chdng han, ngifdt lam viec v d i h i c u qua cdng vice eao. sd nfim cdng tac Ihap bi tra mdc lu'dngngifdilam vice vdi h i ^ u q u a cdng \ i c e thap hdn nhi/ng sd nfim cong tdc nhieu hdn. Ihco hpc thuvcl cong b i n g ciia J. Siasy Adam se Ifim gifim dpng life ctia ngifdi Iao dgng. " D p n g It/c ctia nhan vien chju anh hi/dng ldn cua nhiing phan thu'dng tifdng ddi cung nhif phan thifdng luyci ddi, Khi cdc nhan vien nhan tiici difdc sir b;it cdng, hg sc ed nhdng hfinh dpng dc hi^u chinh tinh hinh, K c i qud cd the Ifi nfing sua't Iao dpng sc thap hdn, chfit lu'dng gidm d i . mdc dp \a'ng mfit tfing len hay thdi vice tl/ n g u y ? n " | 4 | .
2.2. Net vdn hod td chttc the hifn d long trung thdnh, hdn phdn vd trdch nhifm, sif cd'ng hicn hit minh cho to chdc, cdc che dg gin giff vd thu hiil nhdn ldi
Dieu na> tha'y rd trong cdc cdng ty Nhat Ban.
Day la sir phan biet ro ret nha't so vdi che'dd quan ly d cdc nifdc tif ban chu nghia phu'dng Tay. Nhu'ng gid t n truyen thdng dd da tdn iai lau ddi va trd thanh y thdc khd xod bd trong mdi ngu'di dan cung nhif xa hgi Nhai Ban. Hdn the nda, nd cdn tiep thu, bd sung cdi mdi va la nhan to' cgng hifdng, la ddng lyc quan trpng de hoat dong qudn ly cd hieu qua hdn. Ban than cdc cong ty Nhat Ban difdc xay difng va to chdc tren c d s d che do gia dinh. V i vay.
cong ty cd bdn phan duy tri tdt cong fin viec lam cho cdng nhan va tao ra sif than fii doan ket trong cdng ty. Ngi/di Iao ddng cd bdn phan vfi trdch nhiem hoan thanh cong viec vdi si/ c d gang nhat O day, du'dng nhi/quyen Idi cua cdng ty vfi ngu'di Iao dong la mgt. Chinh nhd quan m e m dd mfi huy dgng du'dc nang li/c cua ngi/di Iao dnng va hu'dng sir t y gidc ciia ho vao cdc boat dpng tap the, trong tru'dng hdp nfiy dd chinh Ifi cdng ty.
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2.3. .\et vdn hod to chdc dUifc thi hifn ngay trong chinh td chdc dd.
Vdi bau khong khi vfin hod kh^p kin: Cdc quyfit dinh deu difdc qufin tn cfi'p cao lam ra; cfi'p quan tri vfi ca'p difdi thiS'u tin tu'dng lan nhau; bi mat bao trDm: cong nhan vien khong dUdc khuye'n khich de ra sang kie'n va ty minh giai quyet cde vfi'n de. O mot cyc khdc Ifi bau khong khi tfim ly md mfi cdc quye't dinh thi/dng di/dc cac nhfi qufin tri cap tha'p de ra; ca'p tren vfi ca'p di/di rS'l tin lu'dng lan nhau; truyen thdng md rpng va enng nhan difdc khuye'n khich de ra sdng kien va gidi quyet cfic v;in de.
\ldi so'cdng ty mud'n dvtng dau trong \ icc tra lifdng cao hdn cdc cdng ty khac. Cfic cong ly nay mud'n thu hiit nhan tai bdi theo hg Ira lifdng cao hdn cfic hang khdc se thu hiil di/dc nhdng dng vicn cd khd nfing cao. Tra lu'dng cao cung thtic (Jiiy nhan vien lam viec cd cha't lu'dng, nfing .suat cao va vi the chi phi cho tifngddn vj san pha'm se thap hdn.
\Iui sdcdng ly khdc lai fip dung mdc li/dng thuih hanh - nghia la mdc lifdng trung binh ma hau het cdc edng ty dang ap dting. Theo hg, van c6 the thu hiit du'dc nhu'ng ngydi cd kha nang vao Ifim \ice. ddng thdi van duy tri du'dc vi tri canh iranh cda minh bang cdch khong nang gid cdc san ph^m. dich vu. Nhieu loai cdng viec trong day chuyen san xua't chi ddi hdi cac cdng nhan cd kha nfing tam trung. Trong trifdng hdp nay. mpt cdng nhfin xua't s;tc cung khdng cd nang suat cao hdn mpt cong nhfin cd kha nang trung binh.
Cd cdng ty lai dp dung chinh sdch tra lifdng tha'p hdn mdc lu'dng hidn hanh vdi 2 ly do; Mot la. cdng ly rdi vao tinh trang tfii chinh khd khan;
Hai la. khdng can cdng nhan gidi de lam nhiing cdng vice ra'i ddn gian. Nhtfng cac nghien cdu cho tha'y, tra lifdng tha'p khong co nghTa la tie'l kicm du'dc mdt khoan tien chi phi Iao dgng.
Ngi/dc lai. cdng ty se ton kdm hdn bdi vi cdng nhfin lam vipc se khdng cd nang sua't, ty le so' ngi/di lam v ice td't se bd di de tim ndi khac tra li/dng cao hdn.
2.4. Vdn hod td chdc Id y chi cgng ddng vd tinh thdn tqp thi
Tri thdc Ifi kho tang quy bdu ciia nhan loai ndi chung vfi mdi dan tdc ndi rieng. Tri Ihdc khdng ciia rieng ai va khdng cd mot vT nhfin naocd day dii tri thdc mgt each toan dien. Sd dung tri thdc ddi hoi phai cd sU ke't hdp chfit che giifa cac cfi nhfin, cpng ddng de khai thdche't kho tang tri thdc nhSm phuc vu cho san xua't kinh doanh. Trong dd.
tri tuc moi ngi/di se bo sung cho nhau tao ra tri tue lap ihe d mgt trinh do cao vfi hoan thien hdn.
Sy ke't hdpdd la net dep vfin hda tao ra sdc manh tap the.
Trong td chd'c. >' chi cdng ddng va tinh than tap the difdc khai thac bfing vide sii'dung che'dd tham dy, che dp Iam vice theo nhdm. Phifdng phap quan Iy nay khai ihdc difdc nfing lyc sang kie'n ca nhan, tap hdp di/dc y chi chung cua tap the, Td chdc can tao dieu kidn d^ phdt huy ddng lyc lam viec cho ngu'di tao dgng.
2.5. Trong phgm vi ngi bg doanh nghifp, ngi dung vdn hod the hifn d vifc to chdc kinh doanh, nhdn cdch cua ngUcfi lanh dgo vd iigUdi Iao dgng Trifdc het, doanh nghiep khdng nen chi chii trong de'n ldi nhuan ddn thuan mfi phdi xem ngu'di Iao ddng vi^a la ddng lu'c cho phdt trien kinh doanh, vufa la muc tieu cua hoat dgng kinh doanh.
Can xem ddn \i kmh doanh la mdt gia dinh Idn, trong dd moi ihfinh vien can cd trach nhiem va hanh dgng ve sy tdn tai. phat trien ciia nd. Mfit khdc. ngifdi Iao dgng phai Ifi ddi tu'dng du'dc chfim sdc va du'dc hi/dng thanh qua, cong sdc hp lam ra mgt each thoa dang.
Quan he dd'i xd, phong each kinh doanh la net rieng eua tdng DN Cd nhffng DN rat Idn trpng ngu'di Iao dpng. ton trpng nhan vien du'di quyen, tao dieu kien cho cac thanh vien phdt trien day du ca ve vat chat vfi tmh than. Xem xet quan he giffa ddi sd'ng vat chat va tinh than cho thay, chiing ta la hai mat cua ddi sdng con ngifdi, Ifi hai mat cua va'n de [5.tr36], Vat cha't d day chinh la tien Iffdng. tien ihffdng va cdc phiic Idi dich vu khdc; tinh than d da> gdm gia'y khen, vui chdi giai tri. Ngoai cdng viec ra. cac nha quan ly can quan Sdll-Thang5/2020 273
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ifim, chia se vdi ngudi Iao d$ng nhtTng luc ho ^m dau hay quan tfim t^i nhifng thfinh vi€n trong gia dinh hp. de bp cam tha'y doanh nghidp nhff Ifi gia dinh tbd hai.
2.6. Ndi dung vdn hod cua mgt doanh nghidp thi hiin d thdi dd ddi vdi sa thanh cong hay thit bgi trong thUdng tn&ng
Qufi trinb kinh doanh Ifi qufi trinh vff^t d^^c. nhfi doanh nghifip phdi ludn ludn tinh tofin de diA c i ddn vi di I6n vfi Ide hU&g thinh vSn phfii lo l^ng Ifim sao d^ tSn tai vfi phfit tri^n mfi khdng phfi sfin.
Doanh nghi€p cin dm cfich d$ng vi£n, thuydt phuc, huy dpng dffdc siJc manh t§p thi c^ng hffdng vi muc ti3u chung.
3. K^t lu§n
Nghi6n cffu cho thfiy m^i quan hi giffa vfin hofi td ehtS'c vfi v^n dl tao dQng Iffc eho ngffdi Iao dOng.
Trong md^i quan hi nfiy, bfii vi^t dffa ra mi5l s6 khuydn nghi gdp pb^n xfiy dyng vfin bofi to chffc di c6 ihi tao dff^lc dQng Iffc Ifim viec cho ngffdi Iao ddng.
3.1. Xdy difng tinh thdn dodn kit trong doanh nghiip
cin phfii xem ddn v] kinh doanb Ifi mQt gia dinh ldn, mSi thfinh vi£n phfii cd trdch nhi^m banb dOng vl sy t^Q t^i vfi phfit tri^n cda DN. d dd, l^i fch cda DN vfi ngffdi Iao dOng Ifi mpt. Muon v§y, DN khdng chi quan tfim d^n ddi sd'ng vfit eh^t (tiln Iffdng vfi cfic dfii ngQ kbfie) mfi cdn phii quan tfim tdi ddi s^ng tinh thin cQa ngffdi Iao dpng (id chiJc thi d^u th^ thao, giao liAi vfin ngh€, cbffdng trinh dfi ngo^i). Tiy dd, xfiy dffng tfim 1$ Ifinh manh th^ bi^n d sy dofin k€'t, gidp dd iSn nhau, ciing nhau tbffc hiQn muc ti€u ebung ciia td chffc.
3.2. Xdy dtfng bdu khdng khi van hod cdi md, tin c4y ldn nhau trong doanh nghiip
BSU khdng kbI vfin bofi cdi md, tin cfiy lan nhau dffdc hlnh thfinb tff viQc tbu but sff tham gia cda cfic nhfin vifin. Ifing ngbe J kien cua bp.
kbuy^n khieb Idng tfin tuy vl sff thfinb cdng cua to chffc. Doanh nghiQp cin dffa nhfin vidn vfio qua trinh ra quy^t d)sb, tfing mffc dQ ty chii vfi quyen kiem sodt ciia hp trong qua trinh tbffc hien quyet djnh. Cfic cfi nhfin se cd cd hpi de phfit buy sfing
kid'n vfi cim nb$n dffflc J ngHa sy ddng gdp ciSa mlnb trong tfip ihi. Tilf dd, ohfin vidn Ifim viQc s6 cd dQng lye hdn, t$n tuy hdn vdi td chffc. nfing suSTt cao bdn vfi tbod mfin vdi cdng viQc hdn. Muon xfiy dyng dugc blu kbdng khi vfio hofi doanb ngbiQp cdi md, tin tffdng iSn nbau vfi mang dnh nhfin bin eIn pbii cd mQt cd cfifu td chffc tffdng tbich, mQl ban lanb d?o tbeo dang "Ii€n kO't bao gdm cfic thanh vidn ed diu dc kinh doanh"[4].
3.3. Xdy difng mdt net vin hod td chiic md 8 dd thi hiin dOffc khd ndng chd'p nhdn r&i ro c&a mgi ngiM Iao ddng trong td chUc
- Trffdc bQ't phii tuyln ebpn dffdc nbffng ithfin vidn tbyc sy ed nfing lyc, cd thi cilng td chiJc vffdt qua nhffng thficb tbffc khd khfin.
- Rdi ro Ifi mQt y^u td' nglu nbiQn ciJa qui trinh kinh doanh, do vfiy cin qufin triQt tff tffdng "th^ng khdng kidu, bai kbdng nin". T(r thfi't b^i mdi cd dffqfc nhiing bfii bpc kinh nghiQm bd fcb.
3.4. Xdy dtfng vdn hod tdchCc dtfa trin nhiing gid tri truyin thdng c&a ddn tdc
Nhffng gifi tri vfin bofi dd se dffdc cbuyin tii mQt cfich linh boat vfi t b l bidn bSng thyc td" trong bo^t dQng quin I;^. Diiu nfiy thfi^y rd d cic cdng ty Nh$t Bin. Hp bi^t drfa trdn hQ tbdng gia (finh vffng cb^e, trdn tff ttfdng ve 16ng trung thfinh, bdn ph§n vfi trfich nbidm, dya trdn truyin thd'ng v l tdn ti trgt tff, kinh gifi ydu trd, trdn ^ cM cQng dSng vfi tinh thin tfip tbl.
3.5. Xdy difng van hod td chtic hUdng tdi con ngUdi, tdn trgng con ngiM
Con ngffdi Ifi ylfu tdc^u thfinb ndn td cbffc, vfin hfinh td chd'c vfi quy^t dinb sff tbfinh b^i cua td chtJc. Td chffc eIn quan tfim tdi efie tbfinh vidn cfia minh. Mudn didc dly sin xufi't, mu^n dQng vidn nhfin vidn, cfi'p quin tri pbii kich thfch bSng v§t chfi't va tinh thin. Trong dd, viec kich thfch bing Iffdng bdng vfi tiln thffdng Ifi ngudn dQng vidn cd bin vfi quan trpng nbfi^t.
Dya trdn mdi quan hd giffa vfin hofi td ehtJc vfi v^n dl tgo ddng Iffc, dffa trdn tbyc trang cfic doanb nghiQp, bfii vig^tdfffi ra mQt 8^nhfin dinh nhfim gdp pbin xfiy dtfng mQt vfin hda td chffc. tao dQng lyc Ifim vide cho ngffdi Iao dQng •
2 7 4 S d U - Thdtig 5/2020
QUAN Tl!-QUAN LY
l \ l LIEU THAM KHAO:
1. Pham Dffc Binh (201-1), L\ thuyei ve qudn tn nhdn su. NXB Dai hoc Kinh le'Qudc dan. Hfi Noi. I75ir.
2. Pham Duy Hai (2009), Van h6a kinh doanh - Yeu cau la'l veu ciia sy phfit nien kinh te trong dieu ki?n toan ciu h6a. T(fp chi Khoa hgc Xa hgi Viet Nam Sd6 (37). tr. 99-110.
^. Di/dng Thi Lieu (chu bien), Nguyen Hoang Anh, D6 Minh Ci/dng (2006), Bai gidng viin hda kmh doanh.
NXBTn/Cing Dat hoc Kmh te Quo'c dan. Ha N6i 435tr,
4 Neuyen \ ict Lpc (2009), MQl so van de ve \a> dyng v3n hda id chffc irong bdi canh ddi nidi va hoi nhap.
Ban Gido di.ic ly lugn sd IH \52]- IT. .M-.IS
5. Pham Xuan Nam (2011). Vdn hod vii Kmh doanh. NXB Khoa hoc Xa hgi.
6. But Anh Tuan. Pham Thuy Ht/dng (ch.b.). Pham Thi Bich Ngoc (2013). Gido trinh Hdnh vi lochih. NXB Tn/dng Dai hoc Kinh le Quo'c dfin, 279 Ir, tdi bdn lan ihiJ 2. co sda ddi bdsung.
Nga\ nhfln b a i : 17/4/2020
Nf^av pban biQn danh gia va sii'a chifa: 28/4/2020 Ngfiy chfi'p nhfin dfing bfii: 10/5/2020 Thdng tin tdc gid.
ThS. HOANG THI HU6 IS. LE THANH TUNG
Khoa Du lich, Trtfdng Dai hpc Hai Phdng
THE IMPACTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON EMPLOYEES'MOTIVATION
• Master, HOANG THI HUE
• Ph,D,LE THANH TUNG Faculty of Tourism, Hai PInong University ABSTRACT:
The close lies between organizational culture and employees" motivation have been proved scientifically and practically. Some enterprises are fully aware of how to use their organizational culture.s as an effecdve tool to influence their workers" motivation in order to improve their producdvit. business performance and competiineness. This article examines how the organi,^aiional culture affects the employees' motivation and the involvement of human in the organizational culture to enable members to comprehensively physically and spiritually develop.
Keywords: Culture, organizational culture, employees' motivation.
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