Nguyen Thj Le My. Hap tdc vdn hda trong quan h$...
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Hop tac van hoa trong quan he Viet Nam - Hoa Ky giai doan 2005-2015
Nguyen ThiLeMy*
Trudng Dgi hoc Khoa hgc Xa hpi va Nhdn vdn - Thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh Ngdy nhgn bdi: 13/08/2019, ngdy gin phdn bien: 14/08/2019, ngdy duyet ddng: 16/9/2019 /^uan hi Viet Nam vd Hoa Ky ludn Id vdn de thu hat sir quan tdm khong chi tic giai nghien cuu.
liLy hgc gid md cdn bdo gidi, cdng ludn vd nhdn ddn hai nuac. Trong giai doan 2005-2015, quan he hai nude dd phdt trien mgnh me, todn dien tren nhieu linh virc, trong do cd linh vuc hap tdc vdn hoa. Vdi nhirng tien de tir giai dogn trudc, hgp tdc vdn hda giira hai qudc gia. hai ddn tdc da cd sir phdi trien nhanh vdi nhiiu hinh thuc phong phii. da dgng. Ddc biet, nhieu cdu chuyen day cam hung dd dirge chia se gdp phdn han gdn vd xoa diu ndi dau chien tranh trong lich sir. Hogt dpng hgp tdc vdn hda da gdp phdn that chdt han nira mdi quan hi chinh tri hai nude, tir dd gdp phdn vdo hda binh, dn dinh vd ndng cao vi the cua ddt nude.
Tir khda: Viet Nam, Hoa Ky, quan he, hgp tac van hda Dat van de
Quan he Viet Nam - Hoa Ky duac phat trign trdn nen tang cua su hop tac chat ehe giiia hai qudc gia trgn lat ca eac ITnh vuc quan trpng nhu kinh te, chinh trj, quan su, van hda, giao dye va khoa hgc ky thuat. Trong dd, ITnh vuc chinh tri - ngoai giao dugc xem la ITnh vuc dau tien duae khai thdng trong quan he giira hai nude, lam co sd cho su phat trien quan he giira hai nude sau do. Cac boat ddng hop tac, giao luu ve van hda giiia Viet Nam va Hoa Ky tuy klidng phai la ITnh vyc dupe chii trpng nhieu trong qua trinh binh thudng hda quan he, cung nhu sau khi quan he hai nude phat trien, nhung day lai la ITnh vuc quan trgng the hien miic do sau sac va ben chat cua quan he hai nude. Xet thuc tg, van hda la yeu td tao nen hg gia trj cua mdt quoc gia, la ngudn luc cho qua trinh phat trien ben vung cua qudc gia dd. Do do, sy hpp tac vg chinh tri, kinh te phat trign se tao ca sd de Viet Nam va Hoa Ky tang cudng hgp tae van hda. Va ngugc lai, qua trinh tang cudng hop tac, giao luu van hda giCra hai nude se lam gia tang sy hiiu biet, tin cay Ian nhau, qua do l^i thiic day hop tae chinh trj, kinh te phat triin sau han.
1. Boi canh quoc t i , tinh hinh khu v y c trong giai doan 2005-2015
Budc vao nhu'ng thap nign dau the ky XXI, thd gidi cd nhigu chuyen bign mdi, tham chi du bao thdi ky tai cau true mang tinh each mang ciia thg gidi. Can can quygn luc dang djch ehuygn dan tii Tay sang Ddng. Dac biet, hda binh, dn djnh va phat trign la xu the chu dao trong quan h? quoc te... Thg gidi bgdc vao giai doan phat trien mdi vdi nhirng bien doi rdng Idn, sau sac, nhanh chdng va phiic tap,
Nghign cuu An Do va Chau A. So 9 - 2019, tr.34-40 , 34
Nguygn Thi Le My. Hgp tdc vdn hda trong quan he..
vira tao ra nhirng co hdi to ldn vira dat ra nhiing thach thiic mdi tren tat ca cac ITnh vuc eiia ddi sdng kinh te, chinh trj, van hda, xa hdi. Trong khi dd, toan cau hda kinh tg cang ngay cang phat trign, viia ed tae ddng tich cue Ian tieu cue den tat ca cac qudc gia, dat ra ygu cau vira hpp tae vira dau tranh trong quan he qudc tg vi hda binh, dn dinh va phat trien. Trong tuang quan giiia trat tu the gidi va toan cau hda dang dign ra mdt nghjcb ly: sy thjnh vuang ciia trat tu thg gidi hoan toan phu thudc vao su thanh cong cua toan cau hda, tuy nhien, qua trinh toan cau hda lai gay ra mot phan irng chinh tri thudng trai nguoe vdi nguyen vpng ciia trat tu thg gidi (Herry Kissinger, 2016, tr.465). Ngoai ra, cupc each mang khoa hpc - cdng nghe hien dai dang dien ra nhanh nhu vii bao, dat dugc nbti'ng budc tien, cd nhirng budc nhay vgt, tac ddng manh me den tat ca ITnh vuc ciia ddi sdng mdi qudc gia va quan he qude te duang dai. Khdng chi vay, vdi sy phat trien eiia thdi ky toan cau hda, cac qudc gia dang tign lai gan nhau trong truyen thdng va thuong mai. Do do, cac qudc gia dan dan phd bien trong viec thyc thi va trien khai quyen luc mem va ngoai giao hudng ve cdng luan trd ngn quan trgng ddi vdi ket qua khdng he thua kem ddi vdi ngoai giao truyen thdng cua cac nha lanh dao (Joseph S. Nye, 2008, pp.94-109).
Cac quoc gia danh uu tien cho phat trien kinh te, coi phat trien kinh te cd y nghTa quyet djnh ddi vdi viec tang cudng siie manh tdng hap eiia qudc gia, nhung ddng thdi chu trpng ngoai giao van hda hdi le van hda la mpt trong nhimg thanh td quan trgng cau thanh quygn lye tdng hpp cua mdt qudc gia.
Ke tir khi eudc khiing hoang kinh tg toan cau nam 2008-2009 den nay, nen kinh tg thg gidi ddi mat vdi nhieu bat dn va nii ro. Ddi vdi nhdm cac nude ldn - nhirng nude cd kha nang gay ""mat irdl li/^ tren quy md toan thg gidi tdn tai nhung mau thuan thudc ve dinh hudng chinh tri va Ipi ich kinh tg d nhirng khu vuc khac nhau tren thg gidi (Vii Van Hien, Biii Dinh Bdn, 2017, tr. 105-106). Dac biet, sutrdi day manh me ciia Trung Qudc vdi mong mudn gia tang tam anh hudng tren quy md toan cau lam cho can can quyen luc thay doi, dan dan hinh thanh mdt trat tu the gidi mdi. Tat ca nhirng yeu td khach quan Ian chii quan deu hudng dgn xu thg gia tang hop tac va canh tranh quygt liet, ddi hdi tat ca cac qudc gia deu phai digu chinh chinh sach ddi ngoai theo hudng tang cudng quan he lien ket, hop tac vdi cac nude d khu vuc chau A - Thai Binh Duang Khu vyc nay tiep tuc trd thanh khu vyc cd tang trudng kinh te nhanh va nang ddng nhat cua ngn kinh te the gidi. Bgn canh dd, chau A - Thai Binh Duong cd vi tri dja-chinh tri-kinh tg hgt siic quan trgng trgn the gidi khi tigp giap vdi nhieu dai duang, trong do Thai Binh Duang la cua ngo ygt hau ndi lien nhieu ngn kinh tg vdi thg gidi. Tuy nhien, d giai doan 2005-2015, Hoa Ky la chu the qudc gia cd nen kinh tg ldn nhk thg gidi, va la qudc gia ed quyen luc nhat trong ndn chinh tri thg gidi ciing nhu trong cac thg chg cua Lien Hpp Qudc vdi ca sue manh ciing kgt hpp siic manh mdm (Tran Bach Hidu, 2017, tr.78).
Trong bdi canh dd, quan he Viet Nam - Hoa Ky, ben canh cac ITnh vuc chinh trj - ngoai giao va kinh tg, tang cudng hpp tac van hda la xu hudng tat yeu ma ca hai nude, sau khi hai nude binh thudng hda dSy dit, ddu nhan thiic dupe va tan dung mdt each triet dg. Day cung la con dudng chung ciia cac qudc gia trong thdi dai "the gidi phdng" toan cau hda vdi mong mudn hdi nhap.
2. Thuc trang hop tac van hoa Viet Nam - Hoa Ky giai doan 1995-2005 2. L Hgp tdc giao luu trong ITnh vuc phdt thanh - dien anh - truyen hinh
Giai doan 2005-2015, hpp tae giira Viet Nam va Hoa Ky trong iTnh vuc phdt thanh - truyen hinh phat tridn manh. Dai truygn hinh Viet Nam (VTV) la ddi tac truygn thdng ciia CNN (Hoa Ky). Phia
NghignciiuAnDdvaChauA.Sd9-2019,tr.34-40 1 ' 35
Nguyen Thj Le My. Hgp lac van hda trong quan h^...
VTV thudng ctr nhigu can bd tham gia cac khda dao tag ngin han ciia CNN de nang cao nang luc va chat lugng nhan sy. Khdng chi vay, VTV cung dat dugc cac thda thuan vg trao doi thdng tin doi vdi CNN. Tir nam 2013, hang nam Dai Tmygn hinh Viet Nam td chiic Trign lam qudctd phim va c d n g n ^ e truyen hinh Viet Nam (Telefilm). Cd the ndi. Telefilm trd thanh trien lam dSu tign ehuygn nganh ve truygn hinh d Viet Nam, trong dd cd cac ddi tac Hoa Ky, dugc thyc hien dudi su chii tri eiia Dai Truyen hinh Viet Nam.
Ve dien anh, nhan djp ky niem 20 nam binh thudng hda quan he ngoai giao giira Viet Nam va Hoa Ky, Tuan phim Viet Nam da dupe td ehiic tai Hawaii, Washington D.C, New York tir ngay 4/7 den ngay 18/7/2015. Tuan phim Viet Nam tai Hoa Ky do Cue Dien anh ehii tri, phdi hop vdi Vu Van hoa Ddi ngoai UNESCO, Dai sii quan Viet Nam tai Hoa Ky, Phai doan Viet Nam tai Lien hpp qudc va cac ddi tac phia Hoa Ky (Bao tang Nghe thuat Honolulu, Rap chieu phim Doris Duke, Bao tang Smith Sonian, Rap Chieu phim Freer and Sackler Galleries, Mang ludi phat trign dien anh Chau A Hoa Ky, Hiep hdi Dien anh Hoa Ky) va cac dan vj dien anh Viet Nam nhu Cdng ty Cau Ndi Dd, Cdng ty Ky Nguygn Sang, Cdng ty Tigng hat Viet Nam, Cdng ty Vidotour, Trung tam Chieu phim Qudc gia... to chiie. Den vdi Tuan phim. Cue Dien anh da ehgn nhiing bd phim truyen Viet Nam tieu bieu phan anh Ijch sir, van hda, dat nude va con ngudi Viet Nam. Nhieu bdi canh trong phim chinh la cac diem du lich van hda, di san thign nhien ndi tieng de cho thay tigm nang quay phim tai Viet Nam. Tir nhimg phim dupe gidi thieu, Hoa Ky chpn 6 bd phim phu hgp vdi khan gia sd tai dg trinh chieu. Ngoai viec quang ba dien anh Viet Nam, Tuan phim Viet Nam tai ba thanh phd Honolunu, Washington DC va New York la dip dg gidi thieu ve van hda, eon ngudi va du lich Viet Nam. Mdt clip ve Du Ijch Viet Nam dugc chieu tai cac dja digm gidi thieu phim, do la: Rap chieu phim Doris Duke (Hawaii), Rap Chigu phim Freer and Sackler Galleries (Washington DC) va Rap chigu phim AMC (New York).
Trien lam ''Bdi canh quay phim tgi Viet Nam" dupe td chiie tai rap chieu phim Doris Duke, thupc Bao tang Nghe thuat Honolunu (Hawaii).
Bgn canh viec chieu phim va g?p go vdi cac nghe sT, nha lam phim sau moi budi chigu, Tpa dam vdi chii de Co hdi hop tae lam phim Viet Nam - Hoa Ky, trong dd bao gdm phan gidi thieu eg chg, chinh sach hpp tac san xuat va phat hanh phim tai Viet Nam dupe Cue Dien anh phdi hgp vdi Cdng ty REDBRIDGE (Cdng ty Cau Ndi Dd) - mdt trong nhiing cdng ty djch vu san xuAt phim cd thuong hieu tai Viet Nam cimg cac ddi tac Hoa Ky td chiic. Trong khudn khd Tuan phim, Le hdi ao dai va ti?e gidi thieu van hoa, du lich am thuc ciia Viet Nam dugc td chiic ben bd bien Hawaii de tdn vinh van hda Viet Nam thdng qua trinh dien ao dai, bidu diln ca nhac, gidi thieu nhung didm dgn hap din d Vift Nam va dac biet la gidi thieu Lign hoan Phim qude tg Ha Ndi (HANIFF) - su kien dien anh quoc tg Idn nhat dupe Cue Dien anh to chiic djnh ky 2 nam/lin tai Ha Ndi.
Bdn canh dd, hai nuoc thudng td chiic eac chuang trinh giao luu, cd y nghTa tang cudng sy higu bigt giira nhan dan bai nude, trong dd cd "Nhirng ngdy Viet Nam tgi Hoa Ky". Vao nam 2015, tir ngay 8/12 den ngay 12/8, tai Thii dd Washington va Thanh phd New York (Hoa Ky), "Nhiing ngdy Viet Nam tgi Hoa Ky" dupe td chiie vdi nhieu hoat dpng ldn. Ba chuong trinh bieu dign ca miia nhac dan tpc do Nha hat Nghe thuat duong dai Viet Nam phoi hgp vdi Hgc vien Am nhac Quoc gia Viet Nam dan dung va bieu dien tai eac san khau ciia trung tam Kennedy: chuang trinh "Huang sac Vi^t Nam" ta.i nha hat Terrace; chuong trinh "Slc mau vdn hda cdc ddn tpc Vi^t Nam" tai san khSu Millennium; chuong trinh
Nghign ciiu An Dg va Chau A. Sd 9 -.2019, tr.34-40 36
Nguyen Thi Le My. Hap tdc vdn hda trong quan }
"Dem ciia Sen" tai san khau Millennium. Bigu dien thdi trang vdi chii de "Su bien chuyen ky di^u" tai Trung tam nghe thuat bieu dien Kermedy, gidi thieu cac bd suu tap ciia cac nha thiet ke thdi trang Minh Hanh, Lan Huang, Quang Nhat, Chula. "Dem vdn hda Viet Nam" td chiic tai Bao tang va Thu vien Hpi Ijch sii New York, gidi thieu trign lam vdi chii dg "Sac mdu Viet Nam" va mdt chuong trinh trinh dign thdi trang ao dai. Ngoai ra, trong khudn khd Nhimg ngdy Vdn hda Viet Nam tai Hoa Ky, vao ngay 10/8/2015, Bd trudng Bd Van hda. The thao va Du Ijch da lam viec vdi Thii trudng Bd trudng Bd ngoai giao Hoa Ky - Richard Stengel va Hiep hpi dien anh Hoa Ky ve tang cudng hpp tac phat trign dien anh giiia Viet Nam va Hoa Ky, ddng thdi, dgn tham va lam viec vdi Ban Giam doe Trung tam bigu dign nghe thuat Kennedy.
2.2. Hop tdc giao luu trong linh vuc vdn hgc
Mdt sd qudc gia trgn tbg gidi trong nhirng nam dau thg ky XXI da chii trgng xay dyng chien lupe ngoai giao van chuong. Ddi vdi su giao luu hpp tac trong ITnh vyc van hpc ciia Viet Nam va Hoa Ky da cd nhiing budc tien, song chua phan anh diing tigm nang. Tir ngay 28/5 den ngay 3/6/2010, Hdi thao Van hoc Viet - My da dign ra tai Hda Binh do Dai hpc Van hda phdi hpp Trung tam William Joiner td chiic. Cac dai bieu tap trung ban ve boat ddng giao luu van hda, gidi thieu van hpc va van hda Viet Nam den vdi cdng chiing Hoa Ky trong 35 nam qua; boat ddng cua cac nha van, nha tha, nha nghien ciiu van hda va xa hdi eua Viet Nam trgn dat My trong cac chuong trinh trao ddi van hda, hpi thao, nghien ciiu va kham pha van hda My; anh hudng ciia van hda Viet Nam, nhat la van hgc, doi vdi cdng chiing Hoa Ky ve dat nude, con ngudi Viet Nam... Ngugc lai, cac ddc gia Viet Nam cung san sang ddn nhan cae tac pham ciia cae nha van My, dac biet la cac tac pham viet ve chien tranh cua cae cyu chign binh My, nhu cac tap sach Chuyen ciia Paco, Vdng trdn cua Hanh. . (Biii Thj Phuong Lan, 2010,fr.256).
Ngay 10/8/2015, Bg trudng Bd Van hda, Thg thao va Du lich Hoang Anh Tuan khang dinh quan be tdt dep ciia hai nude, dac biet chu trpng dich cac tac pham van hpc ciia Hoa Ky sang tieng Viet va ngugc lai. Nhan djp nay, thdng qua Thii trudng Richard Stengel, Bg trudng Hoang Anh Tuan da ky va giri tang cudn Truyen Kiiu song ngu Viet-Anh tdi mgt sd chinh khach cua Hoa Ky nhu Tdng thdng Barack Obama, Cuu Tdng thdng Bill Clinton, Phd Tdng thdng Hoa Ky Joe Biden, Ngoai trudng Hoa Ky John Kerry va Tbugng nghj sT John Mccain. Thir trudng Richard Stengel da vui ve nhJin Idi va hiia se ehuygn tdi cac chinh khach. Ngoai ra, nhihig cuon sach vg Viet Nam dugc vigt bdi ngudi Viet Nam, xuat ban d Hoa Ky va ciing da cd nhieu cudn sach viet ve Hd Chi Minh. Trong do, dac bi?t la William Duiker da vigt cuon tieu thuyet vdi khoang 1.000 trang vg Chu tich Hd Chi Minh va 150 trang chii thich. Cudn sach da gdp phan la can ndi tinh hiiu nghj cua Viet Nam va Hoa Ky tren hanh trinh
"hudng tai tuang laf ciia hai dan tge.
2.3. Hffp tdc giao luu trong linh vuc nghe thuat
Vao thang 3/2010, mpt sy kien van boa ldn nhat tir trudc tdi nay trong Ijch sii quan h? giiia Viet Nam va Hoa Ky da dien ra mang tdn "Thdng Long". Cac budi giao luu va bigu diln dugc td chiic lai Ha Ndi, Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, Pasadena va Los Angeles. Ngoai ra, vao ngay 6/6/2010, Dem hda nh^c diic biet tai Ha Npi d3 diln ra dd ky niem 15 nam thigt lap quan he ngoai giao Vi?t-Hoa Ky.
Ngoai ra, tu ngay 9-18/7/2014, D^i sii quan Hpp chiing qudc Hoa Ky, Hpc vi^n Am nh^c Quoc gia Vipt Nam va Td chiic Classical Movements td chiic tour dien tgi Viet Nam ciia Dan ddng ea nam
Nghign ciiu An Dp v^ Chau A. So 9 - 2019, tr.34-40 ' 37
Nguygn Thj Le My. Hap tdc vdn hda trong quan he...
Pacific, timg dat giai Grammy. Ngay 12/7/2015, Lien hiep cac to chiic hiiu nghi va Hdi hiru nghi Viet - My Thanh phd Da Nang td chiic "Giao luu hiru nghi Viit Nam - Hoa Ky" nhan ky niem 20 nam thiet lap quan he ngoai giao Viet Nam - Hoa Ky (12/7/1995 - 12/7/2015) Dgn dy cd Dai sii Nguygn Tam Chien, nguyen Dai sir Viet Nam tai Hoa Ky, nguyen Thii trudng Bd Ngoai giao, Chii tich Hdi Viet - My Trung uong. Ve phia ban be qudc tg, cd Ba Bryn West, Phd lanh su, Tong lanh sy quan Hoa Ky tai Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh. Song song vdi Chuong trinh Giao luu hiru nghj la Trign lam anh vdi cac buc anh dac sac vg dat nude Hoa Ky, quan he hiiu nghi, hop tac Viet Nam - Hoa Ky ndi chung va tgi Thanh phd Da Nang ndi rieng trong thdi gian qua, thu hiit ddng dao cac tang Idp nhan dan tham quan.
2.4. Mpt so hogt dpng giao luu van hoa khdc
De gdp phan thiic day qua trinh giao luu, hgp tae van hda giiia hai nude, Goc Hog Ky dugc md tai Viet Nam, vdi eg sd dau tign tai Da NEng (thang 2/2004). Gdc nghien ciiu Viet Nam - Hoa Ky cd chiic nang, nhiem vu chinh la cung c4p tai lieu ban in, tai lieu nghe nhin bang tieng Anh va tieng Viet gidi thieu ve dat nude, eon ngudi, van hda, khoa hgc, giao due Hoa Ky va van hda Viet Nam. Thang 3/2006, Gdc Hoa Ky thii hai dugc md tai Hai Phdng. Cac Van phdng Nghien ciiu Viet Nam - Hoa Ky cung cap cho cu dan eac dja phuong ngudn thdng tin da dang vg Viet Nam va Hoa Ky nhu sach tham khao, tap chi, CD-ROM va eac bang dTa hinh. Cac Van phdng Nghien ciru Viet Nam - Hoa Ky td chiic nhieu ehuygn trien lam nghe thuat, bieu dien am nhac, chieu phim va cau lac bd tieng Anh. Nhin chung, dy an Goc Hoa Ky da gdp phan tang cudng sy hieu bigt lan nhau giira nhan dan hai nude Viet Nam va Hoa Ky.
Nam 2011, Viet Nam va Hoa Ky quyet djnh thanh lap Trung tam Hoa Ky tai Viet Nam. Day la noi cung cap mign phi cac chuang trinh va thdng tin ve Hoa Ky cho cdng chiing Viet Nam. Tai Tmng tam nay, ban dpc Viet Nam cd thg su dung mdt kho tai lieu tham khao phong phii, bao gdm sach, sach dien tir, tap chi, DVD, iPad va co sd dii lieu dien tii ciing nhu nhung ngudn thdng tin chinh thiic khac tir Chinh phii Hoa Ky. Trong so dd, nhieu tai lieu da dugc djch sang tieng Viet. Hang thang, Trung tam Hoa Ky td chiic nhung chuong trinh hap dan va thii vi nhu: cau lac bd tigng Anh, ndi ehuyen ehuygn dg, cau lac bd tranh luan, cau lac bd doe sach, cae budi lien hoan... nham nang cao hieu bigt ve Hoa Ky va cai thien ky nang tieng Anh chg cdng ddng. Tinh rieng trong nam 2013, Trung tam Hoa Ky da phuc vu khoang 26.000 lugt ngudi sii dung va dugc rat nhigu ngudi bigt den (Ngd Xuan Binh (chii bien), 2014, tr.225).
Trong boat ddng giao luu ve thi due the thao, vao thang 1/2006, cau thil bdng chay gdc Vi?t Danny Graves den Viet Nam theo su tai trg eua to chiic Cyu chien binh Viet Nam tai Hoa Ky. Trong ehuygn di nay, Danny da ed budi trinh diln kj thuat bong chay tai Dai hdi Thi due Thg thao Tir Son va dugc gidi truyen thdng Hoa Ky hdt siic quan tam. Ddng thdi, Danny Graves vdi chuong trinh "Dua bdng chay den Vi^l Nam" hy vgng thiic day mdn bdng chay d hge sinh - thg he tre Viet Nam. Bdn canh dd, vao ngay 21/4/2008, sang kien xay dyng chuang h-inh giao luu bdng da cho nir thanh nign Vi?t Nam va Hoa Ky da dupe phat ddng. Sang kien mang tgn Chuong trinh Trao ddi Kinh nghiem Bdng d^
Viet - My do Hdi ddng Thucmg mai Hoa Ky - Viet Nam (USVTC) phoi hgp vdi mot sd td chiic d Vi?t Nam thuc hien. Vao ngay 3/04/2011, lan dSu tien giai bdng chay U.12 giiia Hoa Ky va Viet Nam da diln ra vdi hai dpi bdng chay U. 12 la Hanoi Capitals (Viet Nam) va Seattle Klouters (Hoa Ky).
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Nguyen Thj Le My. Hcrp tdc vdn hda trongquan he..
Vi hoat ddng giao luuvi hpi chg triin lam, vao ngay 12/7/2015, Lign higp cac td chiie him nghj va Hdi hiiu nghi Viet - My Thanh phd Da Nang td chiie "Giao luu hiru nghi Viet Nam - Hoa Ky" nhan ky niem 20 nam thiet lap quan he ngoai giao Viet Nam - Hoa Ky (12/7/1995 - 12/7/2015). Tren ngn tang quan be ddi tac toan dien giiia hai nude, hgp tac Da Nang - Hoa Ky dign ra sdi ndi tren ca kenh, dac biet la ngoai giao nhan dan. Cu the. Da Nang da thigt lap quan he huu nghj va hpp tic vdi thanh phd Oakland nam 2005, vdi Pittsburgh nam 2008 va ky Y dinh thu thiet lap quan he hpp tac vdi Houston vao nam 2012. Chinh tir nin tang quan he song phuang tdt dep nay, nhieu chuang trinh hgp tac cu thg va cac boat ddng giao luu hdi trg trign lam dien ra thuan Igi. Ddng thdi, ngay 12/7/2015, Uy ban nhan dan Thanh phd Da Nang, Hpi hiiu nghj Vigt - My thanh pho td chire buoi "Giao lieu hieu nghi Viet Nam - Hoa Ky" va trien lam anh ve quan he hiiu nghj, hpp tac Viet Nam - Hoa Ky tai thanh phd Da Nang vdi ban 80 biic anh vl nude Hoa Ky va quan he giiia Viet Nam - Hoa Ky trong thdi gian qua. Hoat ddng md cua mien phi cho cdng chiing. Dong thdi, ngay 22/9/2015, tai Thanh phd Ho Chi Minh, Hpi Hiiu nghj Viet Nam - Hoa Ky tai Thanh phd Ho Chi Minh, Lien hiep cac to chiic Hiiu nghi Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh td chiic budi giao luu van hda, am thuc vdi chu dl "Hpi ngd Viet Nam - Hoa Ky: Am thuc kit ndi trdi tim".
Vi hogt ddng giao luu ciia cdc doan the quan chimg: Hdi Viet-My da tao digu kien khi ddn cac doan qudc te dgu long ghep nhiing chuong trinh chuyen dg vg Ijch sii, van hda, my thuat, thii cdng my nghe, am nhac cd truyen, cac van de ve gidi d Viet Nam, cupc chign tranh Viet Nam, van dg dan ehii, nhan quygn, dan tdc tdn giao tai Viet Nam... Hdi cung phdi hop vdi mdt sd ca quan hiiu quan, Lign hiep huu nghi Ha Ndi va cac Hdi thanh vign td chiic mpt sd "doan a nhd ddn", mpt loai hinh doi ngoai nhan dan ddc dao dupe Hdi ap dyng trong nhieu nam va dat ket qua tdt. Dac biet, Hpi da linh boat td chiic van ddng thdng qua cac hinh thiie va tan dung tdt cae kgnh trao ddi doan de chu ddng van ddng, dau tranh vg cac van de nhan quyen, tdn giao, dan tpc. Hdi da diing ra ddn doan Uy ban tu do tdn giao qudc te Hoa Ky dgn lam viec tai Viet Nam dg tim higu tinh hinh tu do, nhan quyen, tdn giao cua Viet Nam; tham gia doan cd cac chiic sac tdn giao ciia Viet Nam do Ban Tdn giao chi'nh phii td chirc di tham va lam viec tai Hoa Ky nham lam viec true tigp vdi Hoa Ky vg "Du ludt nhdn quyen Viet Nam"
va thu vg nhieu ket qua kha quan. Ket qua ed thg ke dgn trudng hpp ciia Phd Thi trudng Thanh phd Jersey -bang New Jersey, sau khi di tham Viet Nam, da phat bigu trudc Qudc hdi Hoa Ky va phan ddi nhirng thdng tin sai lech trong Dao luat nhan quygn Viet Nam, phdi hpp vdi Viet Nam md ra kdnh ddi thoai khdng chinh thiic vg nhan quyen, tdn giao. Doan Chii tjch Hdi ddng lanh dao nhan quygn Hoa Ky sau khi tham va tim hieu tinh binh tu do tdn giao, nhan quyen tai Viet Nam, da cd bao cao giri Qude hdi Hoa Ky neu mpt each tuong ddi khach quan vl tinh hinh tdn giao, nhan quyln tai nude ta.
Ngoai ra, Hpi Viet-My da phdi hpp vdi cac co quan chiic nang trien khai cac bien phap ve tuygn truyen trong van dg nhan quyen va iing hd nan nhan chat ddc mau da cam, van ddng cgng ddng tai Hoa Ky iing hp vu kien cac cdng ty hda chat tham gia chign tranh Viet Nam vdi Hdi nan nhan chat ddc da cam (VAVA).
Cd the ndi, Cdng ddng ngudi Viet tai Hoa Ky ciing ddng vai trd rat quan trpng trong hpp tac van hda gifta hai nude. Cong ddng ngudi Viet tai Hoa Ky chiem sd lupng Idn, tap trung chii yeu d cac bang California, Texas, Washington, Florida... cd day du nhung net van hda mang ban sac Viet Nam, cung td ehiic cac dip lg hdi Idn tuong tu nhu d Viet Nam nhu tet nhat, eudi hdi..., qua dd cung gdp
Nghien ciiu An Dp va Chau A. Sd 9 - 2019, tr.34-40 39
Nguyen Thj Le My. Hap tdc van hda trong quan he...
phan trao ddi, giao luu, tang cudng hieu biet vdi ngudi dan My. Ngudi Viet sdng tai Hoa Ky dupe xem la elu noi quan trpng trong hpp tae van hda giiia hai nude (Ngd Xuan Binh (chu bign), 2014, tr.229).
3 . Ket luan
Kg tir khi quan he Viet Nam va Hoa Ky binh thudng hda, quan he hgp tac giua hai quoc gia ngiy cang phat trien va cd nhirng budc tien dai tren mgi mat, nhung tign trign nhanh nhat la nhiing nam dau the ky XXI. LTnb vuc thanh cdng nhat trong quan he hai quoc gia tren chinh la kinh te - thucmg mai.
Tuy vay, trong ITnh vuc hpp tac van hda da cd nhiing budc phat trien dang ghi nhan va tich eye. Viec gia tang tuong tac, tiep xiie van hda giua nhan dan hai nude khdng chi tang cudng higu biet ma cdn thuc d£ly tinh hiru nghi ciia hai dan tdc. Khi xem xet su van ddng cua quan he Viet Nam - Hoa Ky tir Ijch sir din hien tai mpt each khach quan, ed the nhan djnh day la mdi quan he cd nhieu net dae thii so vdi cae quoc gia khac tren thi gidi. Ben canh cac yeu td dja chign luge, yeu td van hda ludn la mpt trong nhirng dac diem thu hiit sy quan tam va d4n xoa nhda khoang each ciia nhan dan hai nude. Trong thdi ky biing nd cua each mang thdng tin va xu the toan cau hda van hda, cae gia tri van hda cua hai qudc gia, hai dan tdc ed thdm nhigu co hdi dg thiic day ngoai giao van hda trong nhan dan. Khdng chi vay, vdi viec xay dyng thanh cdng cac khung phap ly can thiet trong hgp tac van hda giiia hai nude trong giai doan trudc, giai doan 2005-2015 chiing kien su biing nd trong tign trinh hpp tac van hda giua Viet Nam va Hoa Ky. Nhirng yeu td thuan loi ca khach quan lan chu quan ve tinh hinh qudc te va khu vuc se la nhan td giup hgp tac van hda phat trign ea chigu rdng lan chieu sau.
Tai lieu tham khao
1. Biii Thj Phuang Lan (2011), Quan he Viet Nam -Hoa Ky 1994-2010, Nxb. Khoa hpc xa hpi. Ha Npi.
2. Herry Kissinger (2016), Trgt tu the giai, Pham Thai Son djch, Vo Minh Tuan hieu dinh, Nxb. The gidi. Ha Ndi.
3. Joseph S. Nye (2008), "Public Diplomacy and Soft Power", The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. Vol.616, pp.94-109.
4. Ngd Xuan Binh (ehii bien) (2014), Huang toi xay dung quan he ddi tdc chiin luge Viet Nam -Hoa Ky, Nxb. Khoa hpc xa hgi. Ha Ndi.
5. Nguygn Thilt San (2012), Quan he Hoa Ky - ASEAN 2001-2020, Nxb. Tii' dien Bach khoa. Ha Npi.
6. Trin Bach Hieu (2017), Cue dien chinh tri Ddng A giai doan 1991-2016. Nxb. Chinh tri Qudc gia -Sy that, Ha Npi.
7. Vu Van Hign - Biii Dinh Bdn (Ddng Chii bign) (2017), Biie tranh thi gidi duang dai. Nxb. Chinh tri Qudc gia Su that. Ha Ndi.
Nghien ciiu An Dp va Chau A. Sd 9 - 2019, tr.34-40
