Tap chi so 16, Ihang 02-2016, ttuong Dai hpc Tay Nguyen
ISSN 1859-4611 T H t r c T R ^ N G S C D y N G C H I E N L l T O C D t K H A C P H U C K H O K H A N V E T U
V U N G K H I G I A O T I E P B A N G T I E N G A N H C U A S I N H V I E N C H U Y E N N G C T T R U O N G D A I H O C T A Y N G U Y E N
. N g u y i n Thi Xuan H i i u ' Ngay nhan bai: 07/10/2015; Ngay phan bien thpng qua: 26/10/2015; Ngay duyet dang: 29/11/2015
TO.M T A T
n = a ^ ' ! l ' ! ^ ' ' l , * y ^ ' ^ \ ' ^ vien chuyen ngu ttuong dai hpc Tay nguyen da vuot qua nhung Iro nga. ve to vung nhu the nao khi giao nep bang tteng Anh, chiing toi da Ihuc hien mot nghicn cuu vol IfbZ^hTlT")"',- . ^ " ^ T ' l " ^ ' * " ™ ^ 8 - . ™ " S l-'^ 'J'^" t " bing bang hoi dupc thiit ke ta chu nh em de uu sau khi da Iham khao mpt sp ehien lupe qua c u i n saeh ctia nhUng chuyen gia
phai trong kh, giao ttep a: dueu van to, quen hi va n h i m lln ttpng each phat L ; thu hai, hiu h i t smh vien chuyen ngu cua ttuong deu cp ap dung chien luoc giao u i p d i vupl qua nhirng Iro ngai v i to vu^g T a S n , %':'^'^'^.'""'i '«,°. * i 6 n lupc dupe ap dung nhiiu n h i . lit ehiin luoc hi, d i p , theo sau
^ r t T n T ' " 2 . ' ^ ' ' ^ " . S ' ^ , ™ S-Si "=^8 la chien lupc ne ttanh. Tora Iai, m i i sinh vien ehuyen ngi, k t r k h f i " ? '^ ^ ^ > ' = " ^ » . ' " « ' 1,^^ ^hpn chp minh nhOng chiin lupc phii hpp d i k h i c phuc n h i i S kho khan v e t o vimg ttong khi giao tiep bang lieng Anh.. r i- F . luuiig
Ttr khda: khd khdn, lir vung, chiin luac.
1, M O DAU
Ky nang giao tiep luon la m i i quan tara hang dau eua hau hii eac sinh vien hpc ngoai ngtt cung nhu cac giang vien ngoai ngtt. Tuy vay phin Ion suih vien lieng Anh khoa Ngoai ngu ciia ttucmg dai hoc Tay nguyen d e u r i t n g a i t h a m g i a g i a o l i i p b i n g tieng Anh ca ttpng lpp hpc lin ngoai cuoc s i n g
Mac dii nhttng tto ngai v i mat hj vung nhu the n^y la kha p h i biin vdi nguoi hoc ngoai ngtt noi ehung p b i t cir c i p dp nao,tuy nhien theo cac chuyen gia (Oxford, 1990; Dpraeyi, 2001) thi day khpng phai lii nhung ttp ngai khpng Ihi khic phuc dupc trnng qua ttinh giao tiip niu nhu nguoi hoc dupc huan luyen va khuyin khich su dung nhttng nhpm ehien lupc giap liep hieu qua, cu thi la nhcra chien luoc ne ttanh, nhom chiin lupc bu d i p va nhom chien luoc keo dai thiri gian.
Voi mue tieu danh gia thuc trang sinh vien da ap dung cac chien luoc giap tiep de vupt qua ttp ngai ve mat tir vung nhu the nao, bai viit nay tap trang vao* Mot la xac dinh nhimg kho khan v i to vung ma smh sinh hay mac phai trong khi giao ttip hang tieng Anh; hai la tim ra nhung ehiin luoc nap sinh vien thuang sii dung va chiin lupc nao sinh vien it sii dung de giai quyet nhimg kho khan do Tu do, bai viet dua ra nhung khuyin nghi thich hop nham nang cao nang iuc giao nep cho sinh vien.
2, NOI DUNG VA PHU'ONG P H A P N G H I E N CUTJ
2.1. Npi dung
Tim ra nhttng kho khan v i tii vung trpng giao tiep bang tieng /^nh ctia sinh vien chuyen ngtt truong Dai hpc Tay Nguyen. D i n g Uioi, khao sat nhttng ehien luoc d i khic phuc nhttng kho khan vc mat to vung trpng giao tiip bing tiing /\nh raa sinh vien chuyen ngu truimg Dai hpc Tay Nguyen da su dung. Qua do, d i xuil nhiing chiin lupc hieu qua dc giiip khic phuc nhttng kho khan v i mat to vung trong giao tiip bing tiing Anh d i i viii sinh vien ehuyen ngtt tnrong Dai hoc Tay Nguyen sau khi tdng hpp va phan tich du lieu to bang hoi.
Dap img nhu can cua loan xa hpi, khoa Ngoai ngu traong Dat hpe Tay Nguyen dang tung ngay ttmg giir no luc xiic tien dao tao ra nhung lop sinh vien chuyen ngtt co chit lupng cao D i dat dupc diiu do, khong chi cin cp su tan tam chi dan cUa cac giang vien, ma cnn rat ein su chii dang, linh hoat cua chinh cac smh vien dang dupc dap tao. Kit hpp Ihem chinh la moi trapng hoc tap va ren luyen nang dong, dap iing nhu ciu nang cap ki nang ciia sinh vicn chuyen ngu. Tuy nhicn, viing dil Tay Nguyen lai khpng phai la mat vung manh v i du hch, nen ep hpi dupc giao luu u i p xuc voi nguoi nunc ngoai doi vol sinh vien de nang cao ki nang noi la khong nhieu Chinh vi vay, ehi co 6 8 % sinh vien chuyen ngtt dupc khap sat la eo kha nang toong doi an doi voi ki nang noi. S i sinh vien cnn lai CP kha nang giap u i p con han chi. 100%
sinh vicn van thuong xuyen gap kho khan trong 'S,nh v,en. Khoa Ngogi ngU. trudng Dat hoc Tdy l<guy-en
Tdcg,dl,enhe. Nguyin Th, Xudn H,ia: DT 09174S4I26. Emad .xuaahieulagmad com 6 1
Tap chi sfi 16. thang 02-2016. trudng Dai hoc Tay Nguyen _ I S S N _ ! 8 5 9 ^ 6 i | giao Hep. Nhu vay, sinh vien chuyfin ngU trudng
Dai hpc Tay Nguyan dang ihat su ral can mfii mfii Iruong giao Uep lol hon, nang dpng hon, ihuc tien hon de cfi the phal huy khd nang cua minh mol each Ifii nhai
2.2. Phuongphap nghiin ciru 2 2.1 Ddi luang nghiin ciru
Dfii lugng iham gia nghifin cuu nay la 100 smh vicn chuyen ngir nam ihii hai ctia trudng dai hoc Tay nguyan. Day la nhung sinh \'ian co il nhai 9 nam hpc lieng Anh rir lop 6 dan nam ihii hai d dai hpc la ihdi diem nghien cuu. Tat ca nhung sinh vien nay dau da dupc hoc 8 lin chi doi vdi ky nang noi d 4 hoc ky ctia hai nam hpc vua qua. Ngoai n d mol sfi sinh vifin co the se dang ky hoc phan noi nang cao d hoc ky 5, sfi con lai dfiu se kel thiic hoc ky nang noi d thdi diem nay de hpc cac hpc phan chuyen nganh.
Trong so nhung sinh vian nay cd 66 sinh vien (66%) dai diam B trd len Irong ky ihi noi gin nhdl, 2 2.2 Phirong phdp nghiin cihi
Nghicn ciiru nay da su dung phifiu diau tra iam cong cu nghien ciiu Da dam bdo lmh linh hoat Irong vice lay cau Ird loi cua ngudi dugc khao sat nh5m dai duac kfii qua khao sal chinh xac nhSl, chung lfii da kai hgp nhifiu loai cdu hoi Irong phifiu dieu tra nay nhu cau hoi dong (dua ra cho sinh vicn chpn 1 hay nhieu dap an co sin) va cau hfii md (yeu cau sinh vien neu ra nhimg ihuc nhifim ciia bdn thdn) Dfing ihdi nghicn cuu con kfil hpp vdi viae su dung Ihang diam 5 bac lir I dfin 5 theo dang Liken de mfi la cac muc dfi ihudng xuyfin Iheo phicn bdn 7 0 ciia SILL (Oxford, 1990), la cfing cu do muc dp sir dung chian luge hoc ngoai ngG CO linh tm cay cao ma hon 50 nghien cuu Iran tha gidi da su dung, trong do ! tuang img vdi lua chon 'tfil', v a 5 la "rdt ta'
Cu (he bang hfii nay. ngodi yeu cdu sinh vifin khai bao nhung ihong iin cd nhan, bao gfim 7 phal bicu mfi la linh hinh sir dung tifing Anh trong cufic song, 11 phdi bieu mo la nhimg khfi khan vfi tu vung ma sinh vien thudng gap trong khi giao lifip bdng neng Anh vd 12 phal b.fiu mo id cac chifin lu^c giao licp ma sinh vicn dp dung dfi ne Iranh va khac phuc nhimg kho khan do
Bdng hoi nay da duac xdy dung b§ng ti&ni' Viet, nham dam bdo sinh vian h,au diing va cdc ch.cn luge tir do d u . ra lua chon dung cho ban fhan. lang Unh ddng tin cay cho ngh.en cuu 2 2 3 Xulvid l,eu
,,J'", ^ ' I " ? ' " •'• ' h " 'WP cac phiiu diiu tra da duoc dien day du to cac smh vien, cac „ai dung
™ m d u o c m a l , 6 a v a x u , y t h a „ g , u a p h l n m i m ' inong kc Iren Google Dnvc
3. K E T QUA
Nghien cim ciia chiing toi cho thiy 25% sinh vien cam ihdy thieu ty tin khi giao lifip vdi ngufii bdn xu hoac khong the giao liep vdi ngudi ban xii vi cho ring vfin tir vumg ciia hgc cdn h ^ chfi. VL^
thifiu til, hoac quen tir bat chgt hoac phat am khfing cht'nh xac dugc nhimg sinh vien nay cho la nhftng trd ngai co ban cho qua trinh giao lifip ciia hg.
Khi Iham gia khao sat nay, 51 sinh vien (chifim 51%) tra ldi rang hg thuong xuyen gap khfi khSn khi giao tiep yi nguyen nhan thiau vfin tit, 35%
sinh vien (chiem 35%) tra loi ring hp gap irdng^i do quen lu va 17 sinh vian (chiam 17%) tra ldi hi}
gjp kho khan do ldi phal am (nhOng nguyen nhSn din dan Ird ngai ciia smh vien khdng lo^ii tn> nhau).
Nhu v^y, ihifiu vfin hi la khd khan Idn nhat doi vdi hau hfitcac sinh vien. Trong qua trinh hgc tip, sinh vien can phai ren luyfin nang cao vfln tu ngit cho minh dfi co thfi Iranh dugc tfii da sy co trong khi giao lifip. Khi giao lifip nfiu co thfi la nen chgn chli dfi ma la c6th& dam bao r5ng vfin hi vyng nA la dang co dudfi tham gia giao tifip. Trong trufing hgp khfing thfi chgn chii dfi ma l^i gap phai nhihig chli dfi kho va co il vfin tir thi ta nen trdnh each nfii qua eu the co thfi dan dfin nhfing sy cfi lam cho cugc giao liep cua ta bi m i t difim.
Quen tir la mpt sy c6 thudng hay xay ra khi giao lifip. Nguyen nhan thudng do yfiu l6 lam !i, Khi giao tiap, neu iihu cam thay bj dp lyc thi ngudi noi doi khi quen mdt tir dang mudn noi tdi. Hojc U khi tir dang noi din la mgt tu khfi nhd, lir chuyen nganh khoa hpc, il ihong dung y o n g cugc song thi cung CO kha nang bj quen nfiu nhu khfing Avgc chudn bi kT trudc khi noi. Vay de kh5c phyc dieu ndy, smh vifin cdn phai chudn bj kl trudc khi noi va ca ngi dung Idn tdm li nfiu co thfi. Cdn thudng xuyen su dung tiang Anh Irong cufic sfing hSng ngay da lao phan iing ngfln ngir nhanh nh^y vi trdnh dugc viec qufin tu khi dang ndi.
Nham Idn Irong each phdi am khfing xay ra nhieu dfii vdi sinh vifin chuyen ngit, nhihig ngufii da dugc trang bi kT cang vfi nhung kifin thiic cSn ban ciia lieng Anh, trong dd co ngir am. Tuy nhien thinh thoang difiu nay vdn xdy ra do vific tfin l^i trong tieng Anh mflt s6 cac cap tii tuong ty hojc hoan loan giong nhau vfi each phdt am, Vi dy nhir cap tir "sea [sr] va she [|i:]" h o | c "compliment [<k3mplim3nt] va complement [damplimanl]".
Vdy trong qud trinh juyfin lap, sinh vien can phai dac biel cha y dfin yau ifi phat am, Co gang luy?n tap da khi budc vao giao tifip that su se khong gay nhdm Ian cho ngudi dfii dien,
^^^ gap phdi nhung kho kh5n trong khi giao l i ^ jn
•1
B E f M j j 1^, Ihang 02-2016, Iruimg Bai hoc Tay Nguyen
ISSK'1859^611 hing tieng Anh, sinh vien chuyen ngtt dupe khap
sat da sil dung lat nhiiu bicn phap di xu Ii. Chiing tni CO the tom luoc lai kit qua khao sat dat dupc phan then ba chien lupc giao dip duoc Iham khao qua cuon "Molivalional Strategies in ihe Language Classroom" eiia Zoltan Domyei nhu sau:
Thil nhai, chiin lupc bu dip; Su dung tu ding nghia hpac mieu Id khai niem khi gap to ma minh khpug biet hoae quen. Oay la chiin luoc duoc dong dap sinh vien su dung nhll (62 sinh vien, chiem 62%). Cu Ihi, sinh vien da van dung mot si bien phap nhu sau: Mpt, su dung to tiing Viet dii vol nhung to ehi su vat, hien toong, su kicn ma khang CO trong to diin ciia tiing Anh va eae nude khac, Khi su dung each nay sinh vien cin can nhic kl tir ma minh dang noi loi co phai la chi co Irong
to diin ding Viet l o i hay khang T anh inh IT" T ""-l"™ * " * " ''" ' " "»• '^ '^' "'•Jl, 1^
^ dung 4 c su dung tii™°v1.t'uot'Thi': f ! ? " ^ T j ' . ' ' ' ^ " "^.T^ "^*" " ' ^ " 8 minh d. bd lap dung viec su dung tieng Viet ttong khi giao
dep ticng Anh, gay hoang mang cho nguoi tham gia giao dep. Hai, sii dung ngan ngtt hinh thi di dicn ta cho nhihig to ma ta quen hay khang hiil Bay 'a mpt each kha httu hieu, toy iSng 0-png mot so trudng hop no de gay giam chit lupng hinh topng ciia nguoi noi va sinh vien cin phai luu y dieu nay Ba, su dung to dupc Iao ra to mat to gic Vi du nhu Ihay vi noi to "examination" thi ta co the not "exam" (nghia la "ki thi"), hay khi quen to "laboratory" thi ta eo thi noi to "lab" (nghia la "phong thi nghiem") v.v... Bi eo thi su dung thanh thao each nay, sinh vien cin phai trau dii kien thtte ve hinh thai hpc, Iuc la each di hinh thanh nen mpt to trpng tiing Anh. Chiin lupc nay hieu qua nhai la khi ap dung voi inrimg hop thiiu von to.
Thu hai, chiin lupc kep dai thoi gian: Su dung nhttng tieng «uhm», «ahh», hay iiwhat I mean is...», «I mean,.,» hoac nhac lai mat cau to tiuoc do de keo dai thcri gian khi ban chua nhd la Iii can noi. Chien lupc nay duoc 26 sinh vien (chiim 26%) Ihucmg xuyen su dung. Khi su dung chiin lupc nay, nguiri nci co thi nhp su giup dp ciia ehinh nguoi dai dien bang each to ra ngap ngung.
hoac dung gpi y mieu ta de hp giup mmh doan va noi ra to minh can. Chiin luoc nay hicu qua nhit la khi ap dung vpi uuimg hpp quen to.
Thu ba, chiin lupc ne Uanh' Chuyin noi dung cuoc giao tiep thep hupng diin dat bang vin tu ma minh biet nhung vln khong hi lac di. Chiin lupc nay hieu qua nhat la khi ap dung voi truong hpp thieu van to hpac quen to. Chiin luoc ne tranh chi dupc 12 sinh vien (chiim 12%) tham gia khao sat thuong xuyen sii dung Co thi noi hiu hit ngutn hpc tieng Anh, nhit la nhttng nguoi co Irinh dp tieng Anh ehua dupc Int Iam deu su dung each nay de giai quyel khi ma hi bi to Upng khi giap dip Tuy nhien sinh vien cin phai ehii y van dung each nay mpt each khep lep, ba qua nhung khpng gay anh huong den y nghia eua lcri noi la tit nhil, di qua mpt Iu nao do. Bo la mpt nghe thuat khi Iham gia giao dep, nhat la khi su dung ngon ngtt khong phai deng me de de Iam cong cu giao dip, thi no Iai cang kho khan hon, doi hoi phai qua qua uinh ren luyen thuimg xuyen va lau dai ciia smh vien 4, KET HJA.N
Hicn nay, vol su du nhap cua Viet Nam ngay mol sau rang Iren Uuimg quic ti, tiing Anh dang la mpi eang cu giao tiip khong thi thiiu, Cung vol viec ren luyen dau dii thuin thuc nhttng ki nang nghe, noi, dpc, viit, thi viec ren luyen di su dung neng Anh mat each Imh hoai va mang lai hieu qua cao cOng la va eiing hue thiit. Chinh vi vay, n-ong qua dinh hoe tap chuyen nganh, sinh vien chuyen ngu can chu y nhiiu hon din viec trau dot kha nang giao dip, tim ra nhttng chiin lupc hieu qua nhat de ket hpp va khic phuc nhttng trp ngai ma ban than hay mac phii, dae biet la nhttng trp ngai ve to vung, kho khan Ion nhil ciia hiu hit cac sinh vien. Ngoai viec tham gia nhttng buii hoe chinh tai tiuirag hpc, sinh vien cung cin chii dong to to chuc, Iham gia nhihig boat dong hoe tap Ihco nhieu hinb thuc khac nhau mat each nang dong di CP the ren luyen thucmg xuyen va phat huyta, da kha nang giao tiep deng Anh cu; "
o to— ,'^p ^"-ug rtiin cua ban than STUDY OF USING STRATEGIES TO OVERCOME THF niFFir-iii T.t-c „ ^ , ,
. N C O . V , ^ , U ^ I C A T I ; ^ G L ^ E . ^ G L , S „ B V S ? S s A ™ v ^ " , ; . f E . ^ L ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Received Bate- 0,„0/2015; Revised Bate. 26.0/20,5; Aceepled for P u b l ^ " , ; ^ : ; : ' " ' " "
SUMMARY
To undcrsumd how the smdents of English at Tav Npiivpn l-n,,.. „ i.
Of voeabulanes when eommumcating in Inghsh, J ^ ^ ^ ^ i ^ J ^ i S ^ ^ X r - l r : ! : ! : : ; - ' ! - -•S„,de„,. Facuin- of Foreign Language. Tav ,\g,„-ea U„,vers,n-
Corre.,-po„.h„gau,hor Nguyen Th,Xuan Heu Cellphone 09,7484,26. Emad xaaalueaOg.aa.l com
Tap chi so 16, thang 02-2016, trudng Dai hoc Tay Nguyan ISSN 1859-4611 Foreign Language Faculty oflhe university. Through the survey with the use of questionnaire designed by the coordinator based on some communicating strategies recommended in the book "Motivational Slralegies in Ihe Language Classroom" by Zoltan Domyei, it is found out thai: First, three main kinds of difficulty in vocabuiaries ihai smdents often suffer while communicating in English are: the lack of vocabularies, forgetting the voeabulanes, and ihe falls of pronunciation; second, mosl ofthe students who study languages have applied some communication strategies to overcome the obstacles of vocabulary in a certain degree, in which compensation strategy is the first choice by the majority of students, the one followed IS Hme - gaining sd-ategy lo, and avoidence strategy is chosen by minority of the students. In summary, each student of Enghsh in Tay Nguyen Universily has his own choice of suitable strategies to overcome the difficuiues of vocabularies in communicaling in English.
Keywords: difficuliies, slralegies, communicaling.
TAI LIEU THAiM KHAO Tai lieu tieng Vict
Nguyen Due Chmh, (2010) "Nhimg trd ngai trong giao lifip giua ngudi hpc tifing Anh d Vi?t Nam vdi ngudi ban ngu do dich nhCmg cum tir mang dac Irung van hda Vifil qua tifing Anh", Tgp chi Khoa h(ic vd Cdng nghe, Dai hoc Da Ning-sfi 5(40).2010.
Pham ViJ Phi Hfi, (2014) "Nhiing han chfi trong phuong phdp day va hoc mfin vifit lai khoa ngo^i ngit Irudng Dai hpc Md TP. Hfi Chi Minh", Tgp chi Khoa hgc trudng Dgi hgc md Tp. Hd Chi Minh.
Pham Hoai Nhi, (2010) "Nhtmg kho khan ciia sinh vifin nam hai khoa Hfing Anh-trudng D^i hpc Ngofii ngO Da Nang Irong viec liep nhan va phal am cac cap am tfii Ihifiu: /p/-/b/, /t/-/d/, /k/-/g/, /sl-lzJ lil- /u/ Van dc va giai phap", Tuyen tap Bdo cdo Hgi nghi Sinh vHn Nghiin cuu Khoa hgc ldn thir 7 Dai hpc Da Nang nam 2010.
Ciing mpi sfi websile:
2014, hllpV/www.hanu.vn, 01/09/2015
2015. hllp://pasal edu.vn/nhung-han-che-cua-nguoi-viel-nam-khi-giao-liep-tieng-anh 01/09/2015
^''^•l^;^^^^';^^^^^^^^ Nhirng kho khan trong vific hpe ngS am tifing hlip://www.meavielnam,com/Giao4iep-lol-bang-Tieng-Anh-BIogid465, 06/09/2015
Tai iifu ticng Anh
°'°s"?afeI,Tr!:"™"Tr- """l ?' '^''™°'- "^'' •'"'"'"• ^"-^ • ^ o - " '^•'»°. " ^ S , "Learning Stiategies in ESL Inslructien: A Teacher's Guide", IntcrAmerica Research Associates, Inc 7926 lones Branch Drive, Suite 1100, McLean, VA 22102.
Leslie Dickinson (authpr) Lem Dam (mcdel designer), 1987, "Self-Instniclion m Language Learning- Cambridge Lniversity Press, 32 East 57» Street, New York NY 10022 USA
' • c X d g I u I e " ? V ' ' V ^ ' - , ; ' ' ™ " ^ ' " ' ' P = " ' ' ' " S ^ " ' " ' ' « f ° ^ S ' ' ' ' ' = ° ' - f ' ^ - = - a n English-, Cambridge Lniversity Press, 32 East 57" Street, New York NY 10022 USA
^°ts°7sdee',''Ne™prk.' " " " " " '" " ' '-""""•^° '^'"^™'"'' ^""''"'^S'' " " " = " " > >•'«»• '^
Phan hicn 1 _. , . ., , ThS, Nguy?n Thi Kim Phuong ThS r ' •?;•", ^ . • Khoa Ngoa, Ngu, iruimg DHTay\.Lcn iC „ ™ - ^ " " 8 Th, Lan Ch,
Dien thoai- 0914072766 ' ^ ° ' " ^^"^ ' " ^ ' ^ °" " > ' ^^^^
Email „ , k p h u „ „ g g , m l \ „ , Dien thoai: 0985404444 BiBim.eou.vn E^j,,. to„[email protected]
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