KHOA Hpc CbNG NGHf
AlMH HUOIMG CUA CAC Y E U TO COIMG
I M G H £ C H I I M H O E I VK H A IMAIMG T R i C H LY 1 - OEOXYIMOJIRIIVIYCIIM (DIMJ) TU LA D A U TAIVI V | £ T IMAIVI
Hodng Thi Ld Hing*, Nguyen Minh ChduS Nguyen Thi Didu Thuy' T6MTAT
Muc ti^u cua nghien ciru n^y lA xdc djnh cdc th6ng s6 ky thudt trfi iru cua qud trinh trich ly nhdm tiiu dupe hif u suSit trich ly DNJ cao nhSit tir gi^ng dSu Qu^ hi^n dang dupe tr6ng ph6 bie'n tai Vi^t Nam. Hpp chat DNJ dupe tii'cb ly tir Id dSu tdm. girfng Qu^ dupe trAng tai Unh Th^i Binh, Vi^t Nam bdng dung moi ethanol 30% dupe axit h6a bang axit axetic (vdi nong dO 1%). Nghien curu qud trinh trich ly d cdc di^u ki^n nhi^t dd.
thdi gian va cdc ty le la dSu kh6/dung m6i khde nhau nhdm xdc dinh cdc thong so ky thudt toi iru cho qud tiinh frich ly DNJ. Ket qua nghien ciru cho thdy kha nSng trich ly DNJ tir Id ddu tdm dat hi^u qua cao nhat khi qud tiinh trich ly dupe ti^n hdnh dcdc di^u ki^n t6i uu sau: Ty 10 dung moi/ nguyen lieu 15/1 trong thdi gian trich ly 26 gid d nhi^t dO d 43''C. Cdc di^u ki^n ndy se cho bi^u sudt trich ly DNJ dat 80%.
Tir kh6a: DNJ, diu tim, tdi uv hda, trich ly, dung mdi tiich ly.
LBATVANB^
Hpp chat 1- deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) Id mpt alcaloit ed boat tinh sinh hpc, cd chirc ndng ehd ngu su tdng dudng buydt, hd frpr didu tri vd phdng ngira bdnh tieu dudng. Hidn nay, vide nghidn cihi tdeb chidt DNJ tii Id ddu tdm vd su dung frong ehd bidn tiiuc pham chiie ndng da dupe tidn hanh d nhidu nude cd truydn tiidng frdng dau nudi tdm nhu Nhat Ban, Trung Qudc [8, 10]. Theo dd, mdt sd san pham tii la ddu tdm vdi tdc dung hd frpr didu tri bdnh tidu dudng nhu fra tiii Ipc, vidn thue pham chiie ndng da cd mdt frdn thi trudng d cdc nude nay.
Bdn canh dd, Vidt Nam cung la nude cd truydn thdng frdng dau Idu ddi vdi san lupng tuong ddi ldn.
Vi vay, vide nghidn cihi tach chidt boat chat DNJ tii Id ddu tdm ling dung frong ehd bidn thue pham chiirc ndng dimg cho ngudi bj bdnh tidu dudng cd tidm ndng rat ldn ca vd nguydn lidu vd kha ndng ting dyng thuc tidn. Mdc dii vdy, cho ddn nay vdn cdn rdt it kdt qua nghidn ciiu dupe cdng bd trong linh vuc nay [3].
L VAT UBJ VA PHUONG PHAP N G H i ^ CUU
L Vdt lidu
Ld ddu thudc gidng ddu Qud, cd dp gid bdnh te Od tiiii 5 -12) dupe thu hdi vdo vu hd tai tinh Thdi Binh. Thi nghidm dupe bd tri tai phdng thi nghidm Bd mdn Bao quan Chd bidn Vidn Nghien ciru Rau qua (Ha Ndi).
2. Phuong phdp nghidn cuu
Dinh lupng alcaloit todn phdn frong tiiuc vat tiieo Dupe didn Vidt Nam [1).
Xdc djnh DNJ frong Id ddu bdng phuong phap tao ddn xudt vdi 9-fluorenybnethyl cloroformat
(FMOC trdn hd thdng HPLC pha ngupc). CL Chuong frinh chay ciia HPLC: Pha ddng frong 20 phut, sau dd rua cdt bdng metanol frong 10 phiit va sau dd lai frdng cdt bdng pha ddng frong 15 phiit voi thanh phan pha ddng gdm hon hpp nude (bd sung 0,2% axit formic) vd metanol (bd sung 0,2% axit formic) tiieo ty Id 6:4 (v/v). Tdc dp chay.- 0,5 ml/phut, lo^cdti YMC Pack ODS (C-18), kich tiiuoc hat la 3/im. Bd phdn phdt hidn (detector): Huynh quang vdi budc sdng Ex 254/Em 322 nm.
Dd xdc dinh cdc gid tii tdi uu cua cac ydu to anh hudng (X i) dd tai dd qua trinh trich ly dat hidu qua nhat (ham muc tidu Yj - khdi lupng DNJ dat cue dai), cac thi nghidm dugc bd tri tiieo ma tran Doehlert vdi cac khoang bidn ddi cua cdc ydu td nhu sau:
Chi tidu Ty Id dung mdi / nguydn lidu
Nhidt dp tiich ly(°C) Thdi gian trich ly( gid)
Miic dudi 12/1 30 18
Miic giua 14/1
40 24
Miic frdn 16/1 50 30
Vi^n Nghien ciiru Rau qua 58
Qud trinh tinh toan va kdt qua dupe xii ly bang may tinh ttieo chuong frinh NEMROD (Nev^ Efficient Methodology For Research Using Optimal Design).
Kidm fra gia thidt thdng kd theo ANOVA bdng phdn mdm SAS 9.0.
NONG NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2012
KHOA HOC C 6 N G N G H £
U. KET QUA NGHEN CUU VA T H A Q LUAN
1. Nghidn Cliu xdc djnh midn anh hudng ciia nhidt dp ddn kha ndng frich ly DNJ
Tien hdnh khao sat kha ndng frich ly DNJ vd alcaloit tir la ddu tdm d eae khoang nhiet dp khde nhau ciia dung mdi ethanol 30% da dupe axit hda 1%
axit. Tir ket qua ndu frong bang 1 thay rdng bidu sudt tiich ly alcaloit vd DNJ tdng ty le thudn vdi nhiet dp tiich ly, dieu nay phii hpp vdi cdc k^t qua nghidn ciru ciia Vien Cdng nghd Thuc pham (Bdo cdo tdng k^t 2007 [5]). Tuy nhidn miic dp tang cd khac biet d cdc ngudng nhiet dp. O ngudng nhidt dp tir 30-50''C miic dp tdng ciia hieu suat frich ly alcaloit va DNJ giira cdc mdu chenh lech nhau rat nhieu. Ngupe lai, d cdc nguong nhiet dp cao hon (60-70''C) thi miic dp chenh lech ciia cdc gid tri nay khdng ddng kd va thdm chi
cdn cd xu hudng giam nhe. Di^u nay cd the do anh hudng ciia lupng pectin hda tan tir Id dau vao dich chi^t tdng len gay khd khdn cho qua tiinh trich ly alcaloit vd DNJ. Ty Id DNJ /alcaloit cd frong dich trich ly Id dau nhin chung lai giam dan theo chieu tdng ciia nhiet dd trich ly, nhung miirc dp giam khdng nhi^u. Didu nay Id do d nhiet dd cao, mpt lupng ldn alcaloit khac nhu sap, nhua, clorophyl dupe chi^t ra nhi^u hon so vdi khi d nhi^t dp thap. Cung theo k^t qua thu dupe cho thay vdi muc dich thu nhan DNJ thi viec frich ly d cdc ngu&ng nhiet dp thap se cho dich frich ly cd ty Id DNJ cao hon.
Hon nOra, khi trich ly d cdc nhiet dp thdp se it tdn ndng lupng nen hieu qua kinh td se cao hon. Tir cdc nhdn xet fren, da lira chpn mi^n nghien ciiu anh hudng ciia ydu td nhiet dp tii 30 - 50''C.
Bdng 1. Anh huong cua nhidt dd ddn khd ndng trich ly DNJ vd alcaloit tix Id ddu tdm Nhiet dd
frich iy CC) 30 40 50 60 70
Khdi lupng alcaloit (%)
0,209 0,238 0,252 0,254 0,247
Hieu sudt trich ly alcaloit (%)
65,3 76,3 78,8 79.5 77,1
Khdi lupng DNJ(g)
0,142^
0,160'' 0,168"
0,168"
0,167"
Hidu suat frich ly DNJ (%)
61,7 69.6 73,0 73,0 72,8
Tyle DNJ/alcaloit
68,0 67,2 66,7 66,1 67,6
Ghi ehii: Trong cung mdt hing, cic kit qua cd chung it nhat mdt chti cii thi khdng khic nhau cd nghia dmuep<0,05.
2. Nghien ciiu xdc dinh midn anh hudng ciia ti Id se lam cho hieu qua qud trinh san xuat thap, ddng nguydn lidu/dung mdi ddn kha ndng trich ly DNJ thdi tdng chi phi vd gid tiianh san pham.
Theo ly tiiuydt, hieu suat tiich ly DNJ ty le tiiuan Chinh vi vdy, dd xdc dinh dupe ty le dung vdi ty le dung mdi/nguyen hdu. Tuy nhien frong thuc mdi/nguydn lidu thich hpp dam bao hieu qua kinh te de trich ly them dupe mdt lupng DNJ nhat dinh td cho qud frinh san xuat thuc te da tien hdnh khdo can phai sur dung them mdt lupng dung mdi khd ldn sdt qud trinh frich ly d cdc ty Id dung mdi khde ciing vdi he thdng thiet bi cd dung tich rat ldn, do dd nhau.
Bang 2. Anh hudng ciia ty Id nguydn lidu / dung mdi ddn khd ndng trich ly DNJ vd alcaloit tir Id ddu tdm Ty le ng. heu
/dung mdi 1/8 1/10 1/12 1/14 1/16 1/18
Khdi lupng alcaloit (g)
0,160 0,172 0,209 0,228 0,241 0,242
H. suat trich ly alcaloit(%)
50,1 53,7 65,3 71,1 75,3 76,0
Khdi lupng DNJ(g)
0.102'^
0,110^
0,142'' 0,155'' 0.165"
0,167"
H. suat trich ly DNJ (%)
44,3 47,8 61,7 67,4 71,7 72,6
Tyle DNJ/alcaloit
63,8 64 68,0 67,8 68,5 69,0
Ghi chu: Trong cung mdt hing, cac kit qua cd chung it nhat mdt chu cii tiii khdng khic nhau cd nghia dmucp<0,05
Ket qua dupe tiinh bay d bang 2 cho tiiay kha ndng tiich ly tdng dang ke so vdi cdc mau dupe frich ndng frich ly alcaloit va DNJ tdng khi ty Id nguydn ly d ty Id nguydn lidu/dung mdi tir 1/8-1/10, nhung lieu/dung mdi giam. Trong dd, vdi cac mdu cd ty Id khi ty le nay giam ddn 1/18 tiii kha ndng tiich ly Id dau/dung mdi trong khoang 1/12 1/16 cd kha (dupe tiie hien d khdi lupng PNJ va alcaloit tiiu dupe
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON • KY 2 - THANG 3/2012
59KHOA HQC CdNG NGHt
frong dich chi^t) tdng khdng ddng kd so vdi mdu hidn qua hidu sudt frich ly alcaloit va DNJ) ti 1^
ngay tiirdc dd (ty Id 1/16). Ngodi ra, d ty Id 1/18 tiiy tiiudn vdi tiidi gian trich ly. Tuy nhidn, kha ndng kha ndng tiich ly tdng khdng ddng kd frong khi phdi trich ly ciia cdc mdu cd thdi gian trich ly frong tdn tiidm mdt lupng dung mdi vd ndng lupng dd cd khodng tii 6-18 gid khdng cao vd khac nhau khong ddc dich sau frich ly. Cung tii cdc kdt qua tiiu dupe ddng kd. Trong khi dd, cdc mdu dupe frich ly d thdi cho tiidy, ty le DNJ/alcaloit tdng ty Id nghjch so vdi gian 24 gid vd 30 gid cho hidu sudt cao hon nhi^u.
ty le nguyen lieu/ dung mdi. Didu dd cho tiidy khi Nhung khi tidp hie keo ddi tiidi gian trich ly (doi vdi lupng dung mdi tdng sd khdng nhirng 1dm tang hidu mdu cd thdi gian frich ly 36 gid) thi hidu sudt frich suat frich ly alcaloit vd DNJ md cdn tdng dd tinh sach ly tuy cd tdng nhung miic tdng khdng ddng kd Cac ciia dich DNJ. Tir cdc nhdn xet fren dd lira chpn mi^n nhdn xdt tren cho thdy khoang thdi gian anh hudng nghien cim anh hudng ciia y^u td ty 1^ nguyen
heu/dung mdi d^n tiich ly DNJ tii 1/12 -1/16.
3. Nghidn cuu xdc dinh midn dnh hudng eua thdi gian ddn khd ndng trich ly DNJ
Kdt qua d bang 3 cho thdy khd ndng trich ly (thd
ldn d^n khd ndng frich ly alcaloit vd DNJ tir la dau tdm Id 18 - 30 gid.
Trong nghien ciiru ndy dd chpn midn anh hudng ciia thdi gian trich ly d^n hidu sudt trich ly alcaloit vd DNJ Id 18-30 gid.
Bdng 3. Anh hudng cua thdi gian ddn khd ndng bich ly DNJ vd alcaloit tir Id ddu tdm Thdi gian
(gid) 6 12 18 24 30 36
Khdi lupng alcaloit (g)
0,136 0,167 0,193 0,209 0,225 0,226
Hidu suat trich ly alcaloit (%)
42,5 52,2 60,3 65,3 74,9 75,1
Khdi lupng DNJ(g)
0,081' 0,105"^
0,124^
0,142'' 0,151"
0,153"
Hi^u sudt trich ly DNJ (%)
35,5 45,7 54,0 61,7 65,6 66,5
Tyle DNJ/
alcaloit 59,7 63,3 64,4 68,0 67,1 68,0
Ghi chu: Trong cung mdt hing, cic kit qui cd chung it nhit mdt chu cai thi khdng khic nhau cd nghia dmucp<0,05
4. Tdi uu hda didu kidn frich ly DNJ tix Id ddu tlim
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Bdng 4. Kdt qud cdc thi nghidm dugc bd tri theo ma trdn Doehlert Bi^n md hda
XI 1 -1 0,5 -0,5
0,5 -0,5
0,5 -0,5
0,5 0 -0,5
0 0 0 0
X2 0 0 0,866 -0,866 -0,866 0,866 0,288 -0,288 -0,288 0,577 0,288 -0,577
0 0 0
X3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0,816 -0,816 -0,816 -0,816 0,816 0,816 0 0 0
Bidn sd thuc Ty^ld
D M / N L 16 12 15 13 15 13 15 13 15 14 13 14 14 14 14
Nhidt dd trich ly
40 40 48,7 31,3 .31.3 48,7 42.9 37,1 37,1 45,8 42,9 34,2 40 40 40
Th.gian frich ly (h)
24 24 24 24 24 24 28.9
19,1 19,1 19,1 28,9 28,9 24 24 24
Ket qua Khdi lupng
DNJ(g) 0,170 0,167 0,175 0.150 0,162 0,173 0,183 0,145 , 0,153 0,175 0,167 0.170 0.185 0.184 0.185
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NONG NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2012
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Tien hdnh cdc thi nghidm vdi cdc di^m thi nghidm theo ma frdn Doehlert vdi cdc bien X; dupe xdc dinh frong cdc khoang gidi ban va ket qua da dupe tiinh bay b phan IIL2. Cae thi nghiem tdi uu hda dupe ti^n hanh vdi 15 diem thi nghiem vd thu dupe cdc sd lidu thuc nghiem (Bang 4).
Mdi thi nghiem dupe tidn hdnh 3 lan vdi sai sd cua Y la 5%. Sau khi xu ly cae ket qua tiiuc nghiem fren mdy tinh bdng chuong frinh NEMROD da xac dinh dupe gid tri ciia dp lech chuan tirong ddi nhd (0,00006) vd he sd tiiong quan (0,947) > 0,7 chimg td phuong frinh hdi quy thuc nghiem cd dp tin cdy cao.
He so f - he sd gia t^ig la sd do tuydt ddi tiie hien tinh thich iing cua md hinh frdn toan midn da chpn CO gid tri tir 1,0-1,2 chiing td ma ti^ dd chpn la hodn toan thich iing.
Tir dd da xdc dinh dupe cdc phirong trinh hdi quy tiiuc nghiem ddi vdi dai lupng Y - khdi lupng DNJ thu dupe frong qua trinh trich ly nhu sau: Y = 0,1847 + 0,0055X, + 0,0123X2 + 0,00%X3 - 0,0162X1^- 0,0208X22-0,0195X32 0,0058X,X2 + 0,0069X1X3- 0,0165X2X3.
De tim viing toi uu cho qua trinh, da ve be mdt dap iimg cua khdi lupng DNJ thu dupe (Y) bdng chuong tiinh Marlab theo cdc bien X^
M '>
V:^,:^;
V-^_
/ ^ ^ \ V v
- i r . * . '•• ' ' A
'/\^l '\y' rp ^ / /
^' /'
^^'-^''
Hinh 1. Bd mdt ddp iing vd dudng ddng cdp khdi lupng DNJ theo ty Id dung mdi / nguydn lidu vd
nhidt dd trich ly
Hinh 2. Bd mdt ddp iing vd dudng ddng cdp khdi lupng DNJ theo ty 1$ dung mdi / nguydn lidu vd thdi
gian trich ly
Hinh 3. Bd mdt ddp iing vd dudng ddng cdp khdi lupng DNJ tiieo nhidt dd vd tiidi gian trich ly Cac bd mat dap iimg fren th^ bien su tdc ddng tirong tac cua hai yeu td ddng tiidi vdo khdi lupng DNJ dupe frich ly. Tir cdc hinh 1, 2 va 3 da nhdn tiiay sir tdc ddng ciia nhiet dp va thdi gian, thdi gian vd ty 10 dung mdi/ nguyen heu vd ciia ty le dung mdi/
nguyen lieu vd nhiet dp den frich ly DNJ la rat ldn.
Khdi lupng DNJ cao nhat img vdi khoang Xi=
-0,2-0,5 va X2= 0-0,6, tire la 0 khoang ty le dung mdi/nguydn lieu tir 13,5/1 -15/1 vd nhiet dp trich ly tir 40 -46«C.
Khdi lupng DNJ cao nhat iing vdi khoang Xi=
-0,05-0,55 vd X3= 0-0,6 tire Id 0 khoang ty Id dung mdi/nguyen lieu tir 14/1 -15/1 vd thdi gian trich ly Id 24 -27gid.
Khdi lupng DNJ cao nhat iing vdi khoang X2=
-0,1 -0,55 vd X3= -0,2-0,5, tire Id 0 nhiet dp frich ly tir 40 - 46<'C vd thdi gian tir 23 -26 gid.
Tir day da tien hdnh giai bdi todn tdi uu hda de tim ra diem tdi uu vdi hdm mong dpi Id khdi lupng DNJ =0,185 g. Ket qua thu dupe duoc trinh bay d bang 5 vd bang 6.
Bi^n X,
X2 X3
Bang 5. Didm tdi uu ciia cdc h^
Gia tri ma hoa 0,396798 0,330602 0,395673
T6n bidfn Ty 1$ dung mdi/nguyen lieu Nhiet do trich ly Thoi gian trich ly
im ddp ling Gia tri bi^n thuc
14,8 43,3 26,4 Bdng 6. Gid tr| tdi uu ciia cdc hdm ddp ling vd hdm
mong dpi Ham muc tieu
Y - Ham lugng DNJ Mong dgi
Gia tri ham muc tieu
0,185
% ham mong dgi 100,00 100,00
He so trgng lirong
1
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 3/2012
61KHOA HQC C b N G NGHE
Qua ket qua tren dd nhan tiiay ham mong dpi frinh cdng nghd san xudt bdt Id ddu tdm cd chiira ham tiida man 100% sir ky vpng. Tir cdc vimg tdi uu thu lupng hoat chat chiic ndng DNJ (1- dupe d frdn ket hpp vdi hidu qua kinh t^ frong qud deoxynojirimycin). Luan vdn tiiac sy khoa hpc, 49.53.
trinh san xuat da lira chpn dupe cdc y^u td cdng nghe tdi uu phii hpp vdi didu kicn san xuat thuc te Id: IY le nguyen lieu/dung mdi =15/1; thdi gian trich ly =26 gid; thiet dp frich ly = 43"C. Tuong iing khi dd bdm lupng DNJ tiiu dupe la 0,185 g. Tir cac sd li^u tren dd tien hanh lam thi nghidm ki^m chimg d cac di^u ki^n da xac dinh; k^t qua tiiu dupe khdi lupng DNJ Id 0.184 g (sd lieu rat gan vdi tinh todn).
IV. KET LUAN
Cdc ydu td cdng nghd (nhiet dp, thdi gian. ty 1^
nguyen lieu/ dung mdi) cd anh hudng ldn d^n kha ndng frich ly DNJ tir Id dau tdm.
Kha ndng tiich ly DNJ tii Id ddu tdm dat hi^u qua cao nhdt Id khi frich ly d didu kidn: ty \i dung mdi/ nguyen heu 15/1 frong thdi gian trich ly 26 gid d nhiet dp d 43°C, khi dd hieu suat frich ly DNJ dat 80%.
TAI U B I THAM KHAO
1. Bd Y te, 2002. Dupe dien Viet Nam, Hd Ndi:
Ddu Gd).
2. Le Vdn Ddng, 2005. Chuyen dd mdt sd hpp chat thidn nhidn. NXB Dai hpc Qudc gia Tp.HCM.
3. Nguydn Quang Tnmg, 2007. Ddnh gid tdc dung bdt chiet Id ddu fren cdc chi sd hpit vd frang thdi chdng oxy hda frong mdu d ehudt nhdt frdng gdy rdi loan hpit mdu va dai thdo dudng thuc nghiem.
Tap chi Y hpc Thue hdnh. Sd 10.
4. Nguydn Minh Chdu, 2011. Nghidn ciiu quy
5. Vien Cdng nghidp Thuc pham, 2007. Nghien cuu cdng ngh$ sin xui't bdt li diu tim giiu 1- Deoxynojirimycui. Bdo cdo tdng kdt dd tdi 2007.
6. Bondada Andalulua N. Ch., 2003. Antioxidant role of mulberry leaves in sfreptozotocin-diabetic rats. Elsevier, Clinica Chimica Acta.
7. Cockram C. S., T. Van Binh, Gaela G., 2007.
Diabetes prevention and confrol in Viet Nam:
Demonsfration project ui two provinces. Global Report.
8. Kimura T , Nagakawa K., Kubota H., Kojima Y. Goto, Y., 2007. Food grade mulberry powder enriched with 1-Deoxynojirimycin suppresses the elevation of postprandial blood glucose in humans.
Journal of Agricultural and Food chemistry. 55,5869- 5874.
9. Nuengchamnong N.. Ingkaninan K, Kaewruang W.. Wongareonwanakij S., Hongthongdaeng B., 2007. Quantitative determmation of 1-deoxynojirimycin in mulberry leaves using liquid chromatography-tandem mass specfrometry. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 44, 853-858.
lO.Venkatesh Kumar R., Seema C, 2008.
Mulberry: Life enhancer. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2(10), 271-278.
11. http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3U li_tii%C3%Alo_%C4%91%C6%B0%El%BB%9Dng INFLUENCE OF MAIN TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS UPON 1-DEOXYNOJIRIMYCIN (DNJ)
EXTRACTION FROM VIETNAMESE MULBERRY LEAVES
Hoang Thi Le Hang, Nguyen Minh Chau, Nguyen Thi Dieu Thuy Summary
The objective of this study was to determine the optimal technical parameters to obtain the highest DNJ exfraction performance from the mulberry Que crop is widely grown in Vietnam. DNJ compounds were exfracted from the mulberry leaves, Que crop is grown in Thai Binh province, Vietnam with 30% ethanol Solvent was acidified with acetic acid (with the concentration is 1%). Research in the process of extraction temperature, time and the rate of dried mulberry leaves per various solvents to determine the optimal technical parameters for the DNJ extraction process. Research results show the most effectively potential for exfracting DNJ from mulberry leaves is when the extraction is conducted in the following optimal conditions; The rate of solvent/material 15/1, in the extracted time: 26 hours and a temperature at 43°C.
With these conditions the DNJ extraction efficiency will be reached 80%.
Keywords: DNJ, extraction, mulberry leaves, optimalization, extraction solvent Ngudi phdn bidn: PGS.TS. NguySn Duy Ldm
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