Nguyen Thi Loan vd cs Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 75(13): 160- 162
TICH C i r c HOA H O A T D Q N G NHAN THlTC CUA N G U C H H O C ,
M O T VAN DE RAT DlTOfC QUAN TAM TRONG THlTC TIEN DAY VA H O C
Nguyen Thj Loan Trudng Cao ddng Kinh te - Ky thugt-DH Thdi Nguyen
TOMTAT
Tinh chu dgng cua ngudi hgc la pham chSt rdt quan trpng cSn tap trung phat huy khi day va hpc d trudng dai hpc. Trong nhung nam gan day cac nha su pham tren the gidi va d nude ta thudng ban den cac quan diem su pham, cac each tiep can trong viec day va hpc. Cach tiep can lay ngudi hpc lam trung tam hoac hudng vao ngudi hgc dugc nhieu ngudi tan thudng. Khi ndi den quan diem lay ngudi hgc lam trung tam nguyen tac quan trgng nhat la Phdt huy tinh chii ddng ciia ngudi hoc [I].
Tren co sd do chung toi cung dua ra y kien cua minh ve quan diem neu tren, dua ra mot sd tinh chat cua ham mat dp xac suat, tu do xay dung each giai theo hudng phat huy tinh chii dgng sang tao, phuong phap tich cue hoa nhan thuc cua ngudi hpc.
Til' khoa: Tich cue, tu giac, chii ddng, ren luyen, ky ndng MO D A U
Trong tinh hinh giao due d nude ta mdt van de dang rat dugc quan tam dd la yeu cau dao tao va thuc tien day hpc. Mudn dat dugc muc tieu dd, "phuong phap giao due phai phat huy tinh tich cue, tu giac, chii dgng sang tao ciia sinh vien; phii hop vdi tiing dac diem ciia tirng Idp hpc, mdn hpc; bdi dudng phuong phap tu hpc, ren luyen ky nang van dung kiSn thuc vao thuc tien; tac ddng den tinh cam, dem lai niem vui, hiing thii hpc tap cho sinh vien"[2].
Chinh vi vay, chiing tdi dua ra mdt vi du lam minh chirng cho viec sinh vien hoan toan hpc tap mdt each chii ddng, sang tao, va tii' dd cd sir loi cudn hiing thii trong hpc tap, khdng cd cam giac nham chan ciia tiSt hpc, ma xuat phat til' nhung kien thirc cac em cd sSn lain cdng cu phat trien.
PHUONG P H A P NGHIEN CUU
Nghien ciru nhung tai lieu ly luan ve day hpc ndi chung va ly luan day hpc mdn toan ndi rieng. quan sat va tdng ket kinh nghiem tir ban than va ddng nghiep de xay dung nhfrng
• Tel:
160
bien phap day hgc phat huy tinh tich cue hpc tap cua sinh vien [5].
Phan tich va tdng hgp cac tai lieu tam ly hpc, giao due hpc, va cac tai lieu hdi thao, cac tap chi chuyen nghanh, trao ddi vdi ddng nghiep xung quanh van de tich cue hoa boat ddng nhan thirc cua sinh vien.
KET QUA NGHIEN CUU
Trong hpc phan phan mdn: Ly thuyet Xac suat va Thdng ke toan, chuong 2: Dai lugng ngau nhien- Quy luat phan phdi xac suaL bai:
Dai lugng ngau nhien cd neu cac tinh chat ciia ham mat do xac suat [3]:
Tinh chdt 7.' f( x ) > 0, V x
h
Tinh chat 2.- P( a < X < b ) = \f{x)dx
a
X
Tinhchdt3:F(x)= ^ f{x)ct
- c o
+ C0
Tinh chdt 4: \ f{x)dx = 1
Nguyen Thj Loan Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 75(13): 160- 162 Chiing tdi dua ra vi dii de sinh vien phan tich,
trao ddi, tdng hgp va ap dung, dd la vi du rat gan giii vdi cac em vi da hpc Giai tich d Phd thdng trung hpc va hpc phan Toan cao cap trong hpc ky trudc, ciing vdi cac tinh chat neu tren, chii ddng tim ra Idi giai bai toan
Vi du : Dai lugng ngau nhien lien tuc X cd ham mat dd xac suat nhu sau:
/W=
acosx X e
X 0 TT
L 2
TT
L 2
TT
—
2j
TT
—
2j
a, Tim he sd a.
b, Tim ham phan phdi xac suat F(x).
c, Tim P( 0 < X < — ).
4
* Phan tich: Nhin vao bai toan ta cd the phdng doan y b, cd the ap dung tinh chat3 ; y c, cd the ap dung tinh chat2 ; cdn y 1, neu diing tinh chatl thi tim dupe dieu kien ciia a nhung chua cu the nen cd the ta ap dung them tinh chat 4 tim gia trj cua a.
* Tdng hpp: Sau khi xem xet va can nhac, vdi yc, chimg ta cdn cd the ap dung tinh chat ciia ham phan phdi de tinh.
* Vi DLNN X la ham lien tuc nen cau hdi y c, CO the yeu cau tinh:
P ( 0 < X < — ); P ( 0 < X < — ); P ( 0 < X 4 4
TT
< — ), chung ta van giai nhu dudi day.
Gidi:
a) Theo tinh chat ciia ham mat dp xac Tinh chdt ;.' f( X ) > 0, V X
+,Vdi X ^
+,Vdi X e
TT n
X € n n
thi f(x) = 0
thi f(x) = acos(x), ma
thicos(x)> 0
n TV
Tir dd a > 0 va tinh chat 4:
I f{x)dx = \ a c o s xdx = 1 <=>
—00 TT
T
b, De tim F(x) ta ap dung tinh chat:
X
F(x)= jf{x)dx.
- 0 0
+Vdi
.V
x<--;F(x)= J0dx = 0
71 TT
+ Vai X < < — ta co:
2 2 -
•) r
F(x)= \f(x')dx= \^dx+ j —cosxt& = —(i'/>LY-i-l
+ Vdi X > —, ta cd:
2
F{x)= j / ( x ) J x = \MX^ J-cosxdx-i-jOc/x^
2 2
Vay:
X < TZ
F(x) = \ -(^slnx) — < x < — Tt TT 2 2
Tt X >
c, P ( 0 < X < — ) = \ —cos xdx 4 J 9
TT TT -fl
each khac: P ( 0 < X < — ) = F ( — ) - F(0) =
4 4 4
KET L U A N
Trong dieu kien day hpc d tririTng chuyen nghiep hien nay, viec hpc tap theo hudng tich 161
Nguyen Thj Loan vd cs Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 75(13): 160- 162 cue hoa nhan thirc cua ngudi hpc. tim tdi.
phat bu\. sang tao ludn ludn dupe quan tam.
Nhirng bien phap tich cue boa nhan thirc ciia ngudi hpc dupe the hien qua cac bai giang.
cac tiet hoc. cac gid thao luan. va trong ca cac gid tu hpc. Viec phoi ket hgp mot each nbuan nbuven giiia giang vien \ a sinh vien quyet djnh sir thanh cdng cua ket qua hpc tap dd.
T A I L I E U THAM KHAO
[I]. Ngu\en Ba Kim- Dinh Nho Chuong- Nguyen Manh Cang- Vu Duong Thuy- Nguyen Van
Thudng (1994). Phuang phdp dgy hoc mdn loan.
Nxb Giao due.
[2]. Nguyen Ngpc Bao (1995). Phdt irlen tinh tich cue cua ngudi hoc trong qud trinh dgy hoc. Tai lieu Bp giao due va Dao tao,.
[3]. Pham Van Kilu (2000), Gido trinh Xdc sudt Thdng ke. Nxb Giao due.
[4]. Tfing Dinh Quy (2000). Gido trinh Xdc .sudt Thdng ke. Nxb Giao due.
[5]. Vu Huy Binh (1996). Kinh nghiem dgy loan vd hoc todn. Nxb Giao due.
[6]. Kharlamop I.F (1979) Phat huy tinh tich cue hpc tap cua hgc sinh nhu the nao. Nxb Giao due.
MAKING LE.4RNERS ACTIVE IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE, A PROBLEM IS VERY INTERESTED IN TEACHING AND LEARNING PRACTICES
Nguyen Thi Loan College of Economics and Technolog)- - TNU
SUMMARY
Initiative of the learners is very important qualities necessaiy to focus upon promoting in teaching and learning in universities. During recent years, the educators of the world and in our country often discussed the pedagogical point of view, the approach to teaching and learning. The approach fi'om the learner-centered or learner-oriented widely applauded. When we say the views from the learner-centered, the most important principle is promoting initiative of the learners. On that basis, we also give our little opinion on the above views, give some properties of probabilitN densitv function, from which to build solutions toward promoting the creative initiative, make learners active in acquiring knowledge.
Keywords: .-ictlve, volunteer. Initiative, train, skill.
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