Diyah Yuli Sugiarti, Ramdani Murdiana [email protected] [email protected]
Management of Islamic Studies, Islamic Univeristy 45 Bekasi, Indonesia Ecommerce Education, State University of Jakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
Quality management system in an institution of higher learning, ensure the implementation of quality improvement on an ongoing basis, especially private university. This means that the private universities, especially the Islamic University 45 Bekasi to always be directed at improving the quality of activities.
Because otherwise, the private universities lack a place in the hearts of the people who ultimately threaten its existence. Thus the focus of this study is the head of the quality management program and performance studies pertaining to the visionary leadership lecturer at the Islamic University 45 Bekasi. The approach used in this study is quantitative with explanatory survey method through a questionnaire research instruments covered each reveals about quality management, performance lecturer and visionary leadership that is packaged in the form of a declaration and is awarded to the respondents including bureau chief, head of study program, lecturer and student. The findings show that overall quality management, performance lecturer and visionary leadership affect positively and significantly to the improvement of the university's existence. Partially, the lowest average value is sub variables change agents and trainers, sub variable competence of research results by student respondents showed moderate category, sub variable empathy and productivity showed the moderate category. As for the other variables in the category sub high. Researchers recommend to the Rector of the Islamic University 45 Bekasi for use visoner leadership is able to leverage its role as a determinant of the direction, a change agent, a spokesman and trainer. On the other hand rector should also pay more attention to the professor's performance by increasing the competence and motives underachievement, and able to create a conducive environment.
Keywords: Quality Management, Lecturer Performance, Visionary Leadership
Introduction
Basically, education is a requirement of modern society. This has caused the people demand high quality education. This means that educational institutions are required to deliver graduates who master science and skill. The demands of university management in order to be of higher quality is also due to the changes that occur in people's lives. Higher education programs conducted to support the objectives of education services available and affordable high-quality, relevant, internationally competitive, and equality in all provinces.
Meanwhile, Director General of Higher Education Ministry of National Education in 2009, judging that the majority of private university in Indonesia does not meet the requirements of a university. In Java, reached 70%, while outside Java reached 90%. That meets the minimum requirements of a university, Java reaches 30%, while the private university outside of Java that is feasible only 10%. On the other hand the public assumes as
Enriching Quality and Providing Affordable Education through New Academia | 182 if the quality of graduates of private universities is not as good as the quality of graduates of public universities.
Detailed information according Ranked Sites University in Indonesia in 2016 released by 4ICU includes 411 Universities in Indonesia, which have ranked sequentially in particular as follows:
Tabel 1. Universities in Indonesia by 2016 University Web Ranking
No University Rank in Indonesia
1 University of Indonesia 2
2 Bandung Institute of Technology 4
3 State University of Jakarta 71
4 University of Technology Yogyakarta 130
5 State University of Manado 142
6 University of Muhammadiyah Jakarta 144 7 Islam Nusantara University Bandung 156 8 University of Muhammadiyah Makassar 215
9 Islamic University 45 Bekasi 234
10 Islamic University Jember 322
Seeing this table turned out to be what the public perception proved to be true. This means that private colleges still have quality under state universities. To create a high-quality education, the visionary leadership and faculty performance should receive more attention from college. This is in accordance with the opinion of Hradesky (1995: 194): "Leadership is a crucial component to the success of Total Quality Management". Sallis (1993: 86): Leadership is an essential ingredient in Total Quality Management. Leaders must have vision and be Able it into clear policies and specific goals.
Research Methods
The method used in the study in an explanatory survey with quantitative approach through research instrument was a questionnaire given to respondents composed of the heads of courses and lecturers. The population in this study were all heads stdui program at the University of Islam 45 Bekasi there are 17 heads of courses, while the sampled is three courses with the head proportionate random sampling technique.
Data collection techniques use questionnaires. Data obtained through questionnaires covered each reveal more about the management of quality, performance lecturer and visionary leadership that is packaged in a statement. Each item has 5 criteria dimuali answers by giving scores of 1,2,3,4, to 5. Alternative answers starting from strongly disagree, disagree, undecided, agree, strongly agree. Data analysis techniques path analysis (path analysis).
Evaluation of Quality Management Head of Study Program and Perfomance of Lecturer to Visionary Leadership Islamic University 45 Bekasi
Campus as formal education aims at forming a human personality, in developing the intellectual learners in order to achieve the life of the nation. In the chairman's leadership study program must be able to understand, cope with and rectify the deficiencies that occur on campus.
As a leader who has the influence, he was trying to counsel, advice and if necessary orders followed by lecturers. Thus he can make changes in ways of thinking, attitudes, behaviors that lead. With its advantages, namely the excess of knowledge and experience, he helps the performance faculty be developed into a professional in accordance with the visionary leadership of the runway at the Islamic University 45 Bekasi.
Enriching Quality and Providing Affordable Education through New Academia | 183 Visionary Leadership
Tampubolon (2001: 100) suggests five fundamental characteristics of Higher Education leadership quality that one character is a visionary. Visionary implies having extensive knowledge and mature so that they can predict the future. This understanding implies the ability to formulate a vision and mission of the university, as well as acting and being proactive. Komariah and Triatna (2006:81-82) states that: Leadership that is relevant to the demands of school-based management and coveted for improving the quality of education is a leadership that has vision (visionary leadership), the leadership work principally focused on engineering the future is full of challenges. Then become change agents who excel and be the determinant of the direction the organization understand the priorities become professional trainers, and other personnel can guide toward professionalism expected.
Visionary leadership is the leadership that was intended to give meaning to the work and effort that needs to be done jointly by the members of the company in a way to give direction and meaning to the work and effort made by a clear vision. Leaders with the pattern of this visionary leadership has the vision realistically, and can convince and lead organizations achieve an ideal future better than the present condition.
Visionary leader must have at least four key competencies as presented by Burt Nanus (1992: 56), that is: 1) a visionary leader must have the ability to communicate effectively with managers and other employees in the organization. It requires leaders to produce "guidance, encouragement, and motivation." 2) A visionary leader must understand the external environment and have the ability to react to operate precise differences all threats and opportunities. This includes, most importantly, can «relate skillfully» with key people outside the organization, but it plays an important role for the organization (investors, and customers). 3) A leader must play an important role in shaping and influencing organizational practices, procedures, products and services. A leader in this regard should be involved in the organization to generate and sustain service excellence, in line with preparing and guiding the organization into the future (successfully Achieved vision). 4) A visionary leader must to have or develop «niche» for anticipating the future. This niche is an imaginative form, which is based on the ability to access data for future needs of consumers, technology, and so forth. This includes the ability to manage resources in order to preparing your organization prepare for the emergence of needs and changes. A visionary leader is required to have the ability to communicate effectively because of a vision that has been created will not be in vain if it is not implemented for it to be communicated.
The Concept of Quality Management
Quality management concepts basically developed in the business world to maintain the existence of the company in order to face the increasingly fierce competition. Quality as a concept has long been known, but its emergence as a new management function happening lately. The term covers the overall quality management, relating to the whole process of the Juran Trilogy: quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement (Juran, 1995: 25).
Willborn and Cheng (1994: 17) reveals the following: "Quality management (QM) is the explicit, systematic planning and control quality of products and servicesin a company".
Referring to the concept can be expressed explicitly that quality management is a systematic planning and control the quality of goods and services of a company. Quality management are all activities overall management function that determine the quality policy, objectives and responsibilities and implement them by means such as quality planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement.
Quality management is also a set of knowledge achieved melalaui research, practice, and experience for several years. When considered opinion of Juran, Willborn and Cheng, in principle, have in common is that quality management cannot be separated from the planning and quality control of goods and services. Thus the quality management is a group of management processes that include planning, controlling and systematically guarantee
Enriching Quality and Providing Affordable Education through New Academia | 184 the quality of goods and services intended to meet the needs and satisfaction of customers or consumers.
Lecturer Performance
Performance has many meanings. George and Jones (1999: 144) provides performance limits tetngan (performace) as: "An evaluation of the result of a person behavior. It involves Determining how well or poorly aperson has accomplished a taks or done a job. ". Fattah (2004: 19) states: "The performance (Performance) is an expression of the ability that is based on knowledge, attitudes and skills and motivation to produce something". Based on the opinions of faculty performance can be defined as behavior that shows the work of the lecturers on the implementation of a job.
Factors that could be used as guidance in measuring performance is a factor the opportunity to perform it's own (opportunity to perform), Although one employee is willing and able to do a good job but if environmental factors are not supportive, then performance will be impaired. Thus the performance equation becomes f = (A x P x O). Factors opportunity to perform such factors working conditions such as the availability of equipment, materials, and work environment factors concerning the relationship with the co-workers, rules and work procedures, time and adequate information. While Kinlaw (Timpe, 1991: 108) states that the third factor is related to the performance (performace) is "supportive work environment" that all conditions that hinder the implementation of the work related to time, facilities, money, technology, equipment, and humans. Referring to the various opinions can be noted that the lecturer's performance is determined by competence, achievement motivation, and work environment.
Results and Discussion The Result
Head of the Study Program
1) Effect of Quality Management (X1) on the Performance of Lecturer (X2), Quality Management (X1) to Visionary Leadership (Y) and Performance Lecturer (X2) on Visionary Leadership (Y). (Head of Study Program)
Figure 1. Line Diagram and Table Head of Study Program
2) Testing Simultaneous: Visionary Leadership Influence (Y) in the capacity as Determinants Directions (M1), Agents of Change (M2), Spokesperson (M3), and Coach (M4) on the Performance Lecturer. (Head of Studies)
N o
Hyph o-thesi s
Coe ffi-cien t Pat h
t calc ulat ed
t tabl e
Decisi
on Conculusion 1 Pyx
= 0 0.85
9 11.8
48 1.67
6 H
rejecte d
Significant 2 Pxz
= 0 0.24
2 2.3
88 1.67
7 H
rejecte d
Significant 3 Pyz
= 0 0.71
5 7.0
54 1.67
7 H
rejecte d
Significant
X
X2
Y X1
Enriching Quality and Providing Affordable Education through New Academia | 185
X1 X
2 Y
Table 1. Testing Simultaneous Head of Study Program
3) Testing Partial:
Influence bellwether (M1) on the performance of lecturers (X2), agent of change (M2) on the Performance of Lecturer (X2), Spokesperson (M3) on the Performance of Lecturer (X2) and Coach of the (M4) Performance Lecturer (X2).
Figure 2. Partial Testing Head of Study Program
Lecturer
1) Effect of Quality Management (X1) on the Performance of Lecturer (X2), Quality
Management (X1) to Visionary Leadership (Y) and Performance Lecturer (X2) on Visionary Leadership (Y). (Lecturer)
Figure 3. Line Diagram and Table Lecturer
2)Simultaneous Testing: Effect of Quality Management in the capacity as Determinants Directions (M1), Agents of Change (M2), Spokesperson (M3), and Coach (M4) on the Performance of Lecturer. (Lecturer)
Alternative Hypothesis F calculated F table
Decision Conculusion
M1, M2, M3 and M4
Simultaneously Influence Y 65.570 2.413
H0 rejected Significant
No Hypho- thesis
Coeffi-cient Line
t calculat-ed
t table Decision Conculusi on
1 Pyx = 0 0.729 9.460 1.664 H0 rejected Significant 2 Pzx = 0 0.326 3.207 1.991 H0 rejected Significant 3 Pzy = 0 0.520 5.116 1.991 H0 rejected Significant
N o
Hypho- thesis
Coeffi-cient Line
t calc ul-ated
t table Decision Conculusion
1 Pyx1= 0 0.270 1.7 51
2.012 H0 accepted
Not Significant
2 Pyx2= 0 -0.211 -2.61 6
2.012 H0 rejected
Significant
3 Pyx3= 0 0.451 3.5 15
2.012 H0
rejected
Significant
4 Pyx4= 0 0.373 3.8 13
2.012 H0 rejected
Significant
Y M1 X2
M2
M3
M4
Enriching Quality and Providing Affordable Education through New Academia | 186 Tabel 3. Testing Simultaneous Lecturer
4) Testing Partial as Counselor spirit Determinants direction (M1), the Visionary Leadership (Y), agents of change (M2), the Visionary Leadership (Y), Speaker Bi- means (M3) of the Visionary Leadership (Y), Coach (M4) of the Visionary Leadership (Y) and performance Lecturer (X2) and Significant Positive Effect on Visionary Leadership
Figure 4. Partial Testing Head of Study Program
Discussion
Head of quality management courses in his capacity as a bellwether, a change agent, a spokesman and trainer significant and positive effect on the performance of lecturers by 84.8% (the head of the study program) and 59.3% (lecturer). Results of statistical test of the hypothesis of quality management in his capacity as a bellwether positive and significant effect on the performance of lecturers. The research instrument aimed at the group of heads of courses and professors turned out to show a different conclusion. Head of the program to study the results of t = 1,751 <2,012 ttabel thus Ho is accepted (no significant positive effect).
As for lecturers on the calculation t = 5,085> 1,665 ttabel thus H0 (there is a positive and significant influence between the two).
Results of statistical test of the hypothesis of the quality management study program heads in their capacity as agents of change and significant positive effect on the performance of the lecturer shows a different conclusion. For the head of the program of study results of t
= 2,616> 2,012 ttabel thus H0 (there is a positive and significant influence). As for lecturers test results t = -1914 <1.665 t table thus H0 is accepted (no positive and significant influence between the two).
The results of hypothesis testing head of quality management courses in his capacity as spokesman positive and significant effect on the performance of good lecturers for courses and faculty head suggests the same conclusion. For the head of the program of study results of t = 3,515> 2,012 ttabel thus Ho is rejected (there are positive influence and significant. As for lecturers t = 2,359> 1,665 ttabel thus Ho is rejected (there are significant positive and significant correlation between the two). The results of hypothesis testing quality management in his capacity as coach of positive and significant effect on the performance of good lecturers to Head lecturer studimaupun program suggests the same conclusion. to Head
studihasil program t = 3,515> 2,012 ttabel thus Ho is rejected.
Conclusion There are positive and significant influence between management mutudalam capacity as the spokesman of the performance of lecturers. As for lecturers t = 2,359> 1,665 ttabel thus H0 is rejected. Conclusion there are significant positive and significant correlation between the two. Head of quality management courses in his capacity
Alternative Hypothesis F calculated F table
Decision Conculusion
M1,M2,M3 and M4 Simultaneously Influence Y
27.659 2.492
H0
rejected Significant No
Hyphot-hesis
Coeffi-cient Line
t calcu l-ated
t table
Decisio n
Conculus ion
1 Pyx1= 0 -0.125 1.751 2.012 H0 accepted
Not Significant 2 Pyx2= 0 -0.006 -2.616 2.012 H0
accepted Not Significant 3 Pyx3= 0 0.319 3.515 2.012 H0
rejected
Significant
4 Pyx4= 0 0.225 3.813 2.012 H0 rejected
Significant
5 Pzy= 0 0.534 5.191 1.665 H0 rejected
Significant