Estimation of Genetic Parameters and Selection of Soybean (Glycine max. L. Merril) Lines Derived from Single Seed Descent (SSD) Method for Low Light Intensity Tolerance

\ t _ , ,

ISBN: 978-979-95503-5-4

PROSIDING

SIMPOSIUM DAN KONGRES NASIONAL VI

PERHIMPUNAN ILMU PEMULlAAN INDONESIA

Bogor,

18-19

November

2009

'PERAN PEMULIAAN DALAM MEWUJUDKAN MDG's 2015

TERKAIT DENGAN PENGELOLAAN WEHAB

(WATER, ENERGY, HEALTH, AGRICULTURE AND BIODIVERSITY)'

PERHIMPUNAN ILMU PEMULlAAN INDONESIA

FAKULTAS PERTANIAN INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR

BADAN LlTBANG PERTANIAN DEPARTEMEN PERTANIAN RI

ESTIM ATION

OF

GENETIC I'ARAMETERS AN I) SELECTION OF SOV UEAN (Glycille /II fL" L. Men-ill) LlNES DERIVED FROM SI NG LE SEED DESCEN T (SSD)

ｾＧｬｅｔ ｉ Ｍ ｉ ｏｄｅ＠ FOR LOW LIGHT IN TENS ITY TOLERAN CE

" ' age Ra in a Rohaeni ' , T I' ikocsocrnaningtyas2 a nd Desl:l Winw s2 I Mosler degree ,<;Iudell/ of Plallf lJree(/ill8 olld BiorecJlll%gy A,fajor, /Jogor Agricultllral University 1 Lee/llrer oj Departmellt of Agro/lom)' (1IIr/ /JorfiClI lfllre, FacliltyoJAgricllllllre, /luJ!vr Agricultllral

University

ABSTRACT

This research was desig ned to est imat e genetic parameters and 10 gel in breed lines low

li g ht inte nsi ty lo lcrancc in soybean by lI sin g sing le seed desi gn (SSD) ba sed o n agro nomic

character and tolera nce index. RfLs F6 derived from hybridizat ion between Ccneng and

Godek were used in Ibi s resea rc h. The researc h reveal that low li g ht illl cns it y st ress giving

eOcct in decreasi ng in flowering ability, number of produc ti ve branch, number of

product ive node, number of producti ve pod, and yield . In addition, low light illl ensity

treatment made the stem has ab no nnal elo ngation. inc reas ing in numbe r of em pty pod, and

100 g ra in weig ht. Under low li g ht intensity. yie ld producti vit y decrea se until 32.42% than co ntrol ( full li g ht intensit y). The hig hest yield prod ucti vi ty und er low lig ht int ensity

co nditi on was 1.74 to n/ ha. While in under cont rol condi ti on, y ield prodlJClivi ty ca n be

2.62 ton/ ba. G e net ic va riability was observed by using co mbined analy sis of variance. Lig ht intens it y and ge no tipes treatment was sig nifi ca nt eOect in a ll observed characters.

The highest ge ne ti c va ri a nce (cr2g ) was in plant height c haracte r, bu t in number of

producti ve pod was the hi g hest phe llot ipe va riance (021'). e nvironmenta l va ri a nce (02_{e). and}

also G x E interact ion variance ＨＰ ＲＦＮｾｃＩＧ＠ Number of heritability in pla nt heig ht , emp ty pod,

and 100 grai n weight were includ ed hi g ht criteria of her itability. number o f producti ve branch, productive node, and pod productive were included mediuJll c riter!<I . While in diameter ste m and weigh t grai n/ plaTH c ha racter were included low critcriCi Indcx tolera n

and relative value methode was used 10 select genotypes w hich have low lig ht inte nsi ty

tolera nce trait. 20 genotypes wh ic h ha s low liglll inten sit y to lerance tntit were selected by

lIsing ooth methodes Means va lue of prod ucli vity oy inde:.: IOlcr<lllce is I 37 tonl ha and by

relati ve value is 1. 31 ton/ ha . In o ur research we

got

productivity v<lluc reach o ut 2.62

ton/ iTa from con trol co ndition.

KCY'words : soybe:tIl , low lig ht int c nsit y. Si ngle Sccd Deccnt , gcneti cs param cters, tol e l'a nce index , se lect ion

I NTROI) UCT ION

Soybean is <I raw malerial s in vario us food s whic h is impo rtant sourcc of pro tein in Indo nesia suc h as fermented soybC<1n c<l ke (tempe), IOfu, soysouce, soybean milk and

others. Natio nal soybean consumption reac hes about I 803 mill io n IOns Indo nesia soybean

production in 1992 achieved I 87 million Ions from a IOlal harvest area of I 67m illioll s lI a

area, however the produ ction decreased yea r by year. In 2007 the producti on only reached

0.59 millions 1011 from a total harvest area of 0.46 mi ll ions It<l area . N<l ti o na! program to

increase soybean produc ti o n has been success fu l in increasing soybe an production in 2008

by 3 1.05% to 0 .776 mi llio n tons fro m <I to ta l ha rvest :uea of of 0 .592 million area a nd in

2009 the production is expected to increase by \8 .78% to 0 _992 llIi ll ion tons frolll a tota l

harvest area o f 0.638 million Ha area Ｈｄ･ｰ｡ｲｴＧＺＢｾｮＧｭｴ＠ of agriculture of Indonesia, 2009)

The data shows tha t the reduction o f soybean prod uc ti o n is mainly due 10 decrease in

harvest <lrea .

The object ive of the National Soybean Program is to improve soybean productivity by adoption of superior varieties and to increase soybean production area by utilization of

Ｌ ｾｮ､･ｲｵｴｩ ｬｩ ｺ･､＠ land. One of such area is land ,under canopy which can be cultivated

Iwith soybean as intercrop. The total land area used for rubber plantation in 2008 was

about 3.47 I-I a, of which 30% is young rubber trees that can be intcrcropped with soybean

-, (Departement of agriculture of Indonesia, 2008).

Cultivation of soybean as intercrop with estate crop have mallY constraint, namely low light intensity, drought and soil acidity . Soybea n grown Linder shading condition become etiolated, inadequate chlorophyll content reducing photosynthetic process . Insufficient in photosyntat which were allocated into pod caused many pod was empty

(Sopandie e/ aI., 2006). The percentage of emp ty pod character had sign ifi cant nega tive

correlation to weigth of seed/pa nt (Wirna s, 2006) . Therefore , there is a need for a breeding program to develop a new soybean variety which is tolerant to low light intensity that can groW well under shading condition . In the past research, Ccneng and Godek was the

tolerance genotype to low li ght intensity (Sopandie el 01. , 2002; Sopandie cl 01. , 2006) .

Thi s genotype was good as parental for create tolerance variety .

The first stage in breeding soybean is to develop population with high variab ilit y. A population of F6 inbred lines have been develop at the Departmel11 of Agornomy and Horticulture, through a sin gle seed decc m (SSO) meth od since 2006. Sing le seed decent is a method to advance segregating population "fIer bibridi zation by harvesting only onc secd per plant to be planted for the next genreration. Selection is delayed until! the genotypes reaching homozygosity (phoclman, 1995) .

Increasing product ivity is a main purpose in soybea n which can be achieved through selection to impro ve yield potential. For iJll CrCropp illg wi th plantation cro ps, th e soybean varietiy should also have tolerance to low lighl intensity . Selection for tolerance to low lig ht intensity requires information on charactcrs ofadap lalio n and the inheritance. The objectives of thi s research werc to estim ate gc neti c parametcrs o f to lerance to inheritance to be in seieciton of soybean lin ts derived lI·om SS O.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study was co ndu cted in the Cikabayan ex perim ent stati o n, the Uni ve rsi ty Farm, Bogar Agricultural University frolll March to !vlay 2009. The genelic materials used are 102 RDJs F6 soybean derived fTom single seed descent (SSD) methode and the twO parcntals Ceneng (tolerant) and Godek (sensitive) . The lin es were grown udner low li g ht intensit y and control/open condition.

Nested design was llsed in this experiment with genotypes and light intensit y as treatment factors . All genotypes were planted under low light intensity condition (50% light intensity) and full light intensity condi tion (as a control) with 3 replications. The 50% lig ht intensity was designed by using Paranet house. The seeds of genotype were planted one seed/hole. Each genotype consisted of 18 plants/replicate_ Organic fertili zer 2

tonlha and I tonlha Ca were aplied 3 week before planting. Fertilizers consisted of 100

kglha, SP36 200 kglha, KCI : 150 kglha) were appli cd at fir st planting . Insecticides \vere applied when needed .

Obervatoin was made on 80 % flowering time, stcm diameter, plant height , numbcr

of productive branch, productive node, productive pod, empty pod, 100 dry g rain weight , gra in weight/p lant , and g rain weight/population . Data were co ll ected during Ilowering tim e and harvest time. Data were taken from 4 sample plant s per ge notype ill each replication . Experimental data were analyzed using PROC ANOV A (analysis of variance) and Duncan's multiple range tests were lIsed for mean comparison, I3arlett analysis for determine ho mogcnit y of variance was done using Minitab programc.

Table I. Analy sis of va ri a nce (A nni c hiari cQ, 2002)

Estimation of variances fro m anal ysis of varia nce table,

a'G ｾＨ ｍｊ Ｍ ｍＲ ＩＯｲ＠

02, ｾ＠ M I

, ' 2

op = oo+cr c

I

Barlett's a nl aysis was used to c heck hOTllOgCllilY of variance. If P- Value > 0.01 ther

the ditla were not heterogenou s (r

=

0) . Acco rding to Petersen (1994) if the data WCT(

normal and the variance was no t heterogenous, data ca n be proceed wit h comb inc(

analysis.

Table 2, Combined analysis o r va riance (Allni chi arico, 2002)

Source of variance Light intensity

Repli cat ion

Genotype

GxE

Error

df

(I-I)

I(r-I)

(g- I )

(g-I)(I-I)

I(r- I)(g-I)

MS

Est imati o n of va ri a nces frorn co mbined anaiy:o;is o f varian ce tab le,

(j2{i = (M 3 - M2) I 1'1

a'G'L ｾ＠ (M2 - MI ) I r

a2e = IV! l

,

"

a j' = a G -I-cr ox!.-!-｣ｲＲｾ＠ 1-1 10:; =

rio

I

a

2

1, X 100 %

(ly

x

1'<)

To lerance index =

-Y x

note:

}y =

yie ld in shading co nditi o n,

Yx

= yie ld in cont ro l co nditi o n

}Ix = mcan ofy ic ld in co ntrol cond ition

RESULT S AN D I}I SCUSSI ON

E(MS)

The ge neti c mat eria l evaluated in thi s study arc recombinant in breed lines ( RJ Ls

F6 of soybean (C lyc ll Je lIIa x L J'vlerri l) derived fi'olll single secel descent (SSD). Soybca l

grown under low light intensity conditio n lI sual1 y cannot produce good nowcr. Normally soybean start nowering at 5-6 WAP (week after pla nting) . The soybean lines eva luate( under low li g hl inten si ty required lo nger time fo r fl owering, about 5-6 days lo nger thai under full lig ht co nditi on , Ihm we re 6-7 \N AP. According to Da ubenm ire (1 974 physiology o f pla nts live under low light incline to have lo nger vegetati ve period. Tha

because plants have [ 0 avoid low li g ht intensity stress Ephratt (1 993) also stated that tha

light in tensity innucliccd /lowering swgc o n soybea n.

There are signi fi cant difference among soybean lines..in agronomic characters '(frown under full light intensity. Similarly, difference among lines was also signifi cant for ｾｧｲｯｮｯｭｩ｣＠ characters, namely stem diameter, plant height , number of productive branch and number of productive node under low li ght intensity (Table 3). Low light intensity reduced stem diameters by 23.75% and increased plant height by 39. 42% which caused many of the F6 lines became prone to lodging. The F6 soybean lines from SSD showed lower ,

Table 3. Analysis of variance of agronomic characters and yield components of soybean grown under low li ght intensity and full light intensity condition (control)

Low li ght ｩｮｴ･ｮｳｩｴｾ＠ Full li ght ｩｮｴ ｣ ｮ ｳｩｴｾ＠

Characters

MS Error

MS

MS Error

MS

GcnotYl2c ｇ･ｮｯｴｾｑ･＠

•

_0.86"

Stern diameter 1.31 1.85 0.40

Plant height 250.57 77 1.39" 75.70 261.64"

L productive branch 0.59 1.37" 0.54 1.34"

L productive node 67.62 134.07" 71.36 168 .22 "

L productive pod 358 .81 689 . 19 " 306.43 694.27"

L empty pod 3.35 5.487" 238 4.24"

100 grain weight 0.05 2.17" 0061 2.02"

Grain weight/rlant 6.48 14 .96" 12.13 18 . IZ"

Nolc: ·sigllificalll <1 1 P 0.05, **sigllificanl al P 0,01

Table 4. Agronomic characters of soybean lines derived from SSD under full light and low ligh t int ensity

Genotypc

Stc m diameter

(mm)

Plant hei ght ( Clll)

L producti ve

branch L productive node

RlLs 1'6 SS D

Ceneng Godek

R1Ls 1'6 SSD

Ceneng Godek

Low light intcnsity cond iti on (S hadin g treatmcnt)

4.Z±0.8 105.2± 16.2 l.9±0.7

4.0±0. 8 II L6± 18.7 3.2±0.9 4.0+0.4 11 0.9+ 12.9 3.3 -1-0.7 Full li g ht int ensit y condition (control )

5.4±05 765.2±9A 43±0.7

5.5±2.8 86.7±42 .0 3.8±2.0

5. 1+2.2 70.0+31.3 5.8+2.0

30. 1±6.5 24 .8±8 8 24 .7+2.9

35. 1±7.5 29. j 7±145 39.33+ 13.6

% change of va lue for agronomic characters in low light intensity than control

Mean -23.75 39.42 -Z5 .18 -23.17

Table 5. Yield components of soybean lines derived from SS D under full light aIid low li ght int ensit y

[image:5.445.7.440.317.774.2]

ＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭ［Ｍ］ＭＺＭｾＭＭＬ＠

100 grain

Genotype

L producti ve

pod

L e mpty

pod

Grain weight/plant :

,

(g)

q

weigh t

(g)

ＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭｾｾＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭ

Low li ght intensity condition (S hadin g treatment)

lULs F6 SS D 59.4:,: 152 2 .9:': 1.4 6.8:':0.9 7.8:':2.3

Ceneng 53. 0:':21.7 2.5:,: 1.2 7. 1:,:0 . 1 7.8± 3.3

Goelek 52 .7+6.3 2 .5+ 1.1 7.4+ 0 . 1 9.0+3 .0

Fulili ghl intensity cond itio n (control treatment)

RILs F6 SS D 86 .6:': 15.3 2.3± 1. 2 6 .6:':0 .8 12.3 :':2.4

Ccncng 74 .5:':3 8 .2 0 .9:':0 .7 6. 9:':0. 2 12.4±2. 9

Godek 85 .2+3 1 7 1.58+0.6 7.0+0.2 11.7+6. 1

% change of va lu e for agrono mi c characters in low lig ht intensity than corural

Mean -32 .97 65.27 3 .90 -32.42

Crable 4) . Shading clTec! reducing value o f stem diameter, number of productive bra nc h, productive node , prod uc ti ve pod, and grai n weig ht/ plant. Stem diameter decrease a proximatily until 23 .75% than no rmal , number of prod ucti ve branc h at 25. 18% , number

of produ cti ve node al 23 . 17% , number o fproducli ve pod ,LI 32 .97%, and grain weight/plant

at 32.42% . Meanwhile, shadin g e ffcct made the ste m has a bnormal in elongation,

in c rea s ing in numbe r of empty pod, a nd 100 g rain weig ht Heig ht plant character increase

aproximatil y until 39.42% than normal , 100 gn:in wcight at 3.90%, a nd numb er of e mpty

pod at 65.27%. T his rcsult was suporlcd by the resea rch which ha ve been done by

So pandic el 01. (2006) Ihnl shadi ng c O-eel made low phOlosi l1li1I C Ira ns fo r1arion 10 thc pod.

Thu s mailer was inllu e nce inc reasi ng o fcmpt y pod, decreas ing number of producl ive pod

and g rain weig ht.

No r m:li ily di strib il l io n of lULs F6 SS O pop ul atio ll

There are difference s o f normalit y di stribu tio n by u si ng S hapiro-Wilkin s test between shad in g and control conditio n. Normalit y di str ibution for wei ght grain/ pl ant, number of productive pod, number of produc ti ve node, number o f pro ductive branch , and plant height under shading (a) and co ntrol conditi on (b) ca n be looked in normality distributi o n maping in fi gure [ and 2 .

/

::l ,\0, .• " Ｎ ｾ＠ lH

t:. .. ,v," G:l n

"1:

ｾ Ｌ＠

t:",lm ., !:: ＮＧ Ｎ ｾ ＧＮ Ｂ＠ ＧＩｾｈ＠_{o ｾ Ｇ Ａ＠}

,

/

,

-rr

-

1\" .

_, , _'!

.---.-,.-.

Ｍ Ｇｾ ＭＭ

.

,

JTf

i

IllTb

-._._,

'.

_{- . - !}

('.I) ('0)

Figure I. NOImalit y di st ribution cu rve o f RILs F6 SS D po pulation for weight grai n

ｾ｜ｉｬ､＠ number of productive character (a : shadi ng condition, b: co ntrol

s;.,'.<"I.m (I, H I :.

...

",.

I '

ＭｉＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＧ］ＧｮｩＭｾＧ＠

"

ｾｾＧ＠

'g"g'N'-,,=!

j''1----

2.-,J] -

ｾｌ ＭＬＭａﾷ＠

:L.+

/

ｾ ｾ｟ ＮＮｌｫ ＮｌＮＮＺｴＬ＠ｾ ］ＬＭ］ＧＢＭＭＭＭＭＬ ｾ］ＡＬ ｟＠

t:t::·ms ·0 ｾＵｴｬ＠

Fi gure 2

. .... _ • • • VI· .. •

;) .• 'n" l! .(; 'll::

r'::.H II (; ｾ ＱＹ＠

..

-"

Uh ...

D

' .,.--

..

_

..

.,..

,-,

..

"

..

Ｌ ｾ Ｌ＠

(,)

",. . .,.", ,, Ｈ Ｇ ｉ ｾ［ ｉ＠ ':':t.;.,,,, Q Ｑ ｾｾ＠ I

ｾ ＢＮＢＧＧＧ ｉｩ＠

)-;-:::1';'; " _0:;4,1

I

,JJl-==lli==r,J

_{''''' '''7<'''''}

NO nll<llit y distribution cu rve of RIL s f 6 SS D po pulati o n lor number of

ｰｲ ｯ､ｵ ＮＺ ｾｩ Ｚ Ｎ ﾷＮ［＠ node, number o f productive branc h and planl hciht

(a : shading co nditi on. b: control cOllditioll)

Most ly of the characters have number of skewness < 0,5 and it 's means the data was closely normal distribution , so it w ill supon to the unrefraction resu lt of selection

proses . Sa ri (1998) sa id that abnormal data distribution is very il)Ouence to selection

process lor the next generation result. Ab norma l da ta distributio n call be caused

by

epi stasis, environmental, or GxE interacti o n (Roy, 2000).

Ge net ic va ri a n ce es tim a tio n a n d herit ab ilit y v:llu e

Table 6. Genetic variance estimation in shadi ng and control condit ion

Character

,

Shad ing conditi o n

,

,

Cont rol condition

H71>"

,

,

,

1

-G

" , Go 0" I' G I; G 0 0"1' 1-i I"

Stem diameter 0, 18 1.3 1 1.49 12.08 0. 15 0.4 0.55 27.71

Plant height 173 .61 250 .57 424 . 18 40.93 6 1.98 75 .7 137 .68 45.02

I productive branch 0.26 059 085 30.59 0.27 0.54 _{0.8 1 3306}

L producti ve node 22 . 15 67 .62 89.77 24 .67 32.29 71.36 103 .65 3 U 5

L produ ctive pod 11 0. \3 358.8 1 468 .94 23.48 129.28 306.43 435 .7 1 29.67

ｾ＠ empty pod 0 .71 3.35 4.06 17.54 0 .62 2.38 3.00 20.67

100 grain weight 0.71 005 0 .75 93 .93 0 .65 0 .06 1 0 .71 91.46

Grain weight/plant 2.83 648 9 .31 30 .37 2.00 12. 13 14 . 13 14 . 13

Table 7. Genet ic variance estimati on fro m combined 'lIlal ysis of variance

Character 0"

,

S 0"

,

ｉＧ｟ｾ･＠ ｏＢｾ｣＠ ｡ｾＱＡ＠

,

_H7_'>:I

Plant height 71.67 43 .75 174.42 122.61 58.45

ｾ＠ productive branch

o

18 0 06 1 62 048 36.93

ｾ＠ produ ctive node 11 5 1 1341 7488 3070 37.50

L producti ve pod 37 . 10 83 .66 343 .74 136.2 1 27 .23

100 grain we igh t 0 .50 0 . 18 0 .05 0 .60 83.81

Grain ｷ･ｩｧ ｨｴ Ｏｾ ｉ｡ｬｬｴ＠ 0.55 I.S3 9 . 18 2.99 18.22

NOles : (! . , ' gcnOlvI>C varia lice. 02 <hi GxL \an:mcc. o!" endrOIlUlcnl v:lriancc,

0\, .

phcllotypc v<lrinllcc.

! 1=110 . hcrilabili l:1S bro:ld se nsc

Genetic vari ance anal ys is result dirrerence value of heritab ilit y between s hading

condition and contro l conditio n (tab le 6) . Under cont rol condi tion. severa l characters has

H2bs value disposed higher than und er shading conditioll . 100 grain weight was thc hi ghest

heritability va lue, 93.93% in shadi ng condition and 91 .46% in control condition . Thi s

differences rcsul t give informat ion that if we want to sc\ecting lines of ge no type that have some target Irails Ihal we want. the selectio n mu st be done in tnrgct condition bccause

se lection w ill be efTective if the plants treated o n target env iro nm ent (Roy, 2000).

Table 7 show the result of co mbined anal ys is of va riance. The data that was collected from shad ing treatmcnt and control treatment were checked by 13arlctt 's anal ysis 10 know the homogcni lY of it variance beforc we combining analysis o f variance Unlike the other characters, stem diameter and number of emp ty pod cou ldn ' t proceed by comb ining anlysis to get GxE interactio n. The test GxE interaction gives an indication of wbeter or no t the treatmen ts behave the sa me from o ne locat ion to another. All cha racters shown signifi ca nt GxE intera ct io n, except in number o f product ive branch. Valuc of hcrilabi lity ca n be idcllIilied from this ana lys is, Th e highest 1-1 21> < was in 100 grain \Veight

up to 83 .8 1% . It is mean that 100 grain weight was in sign ifi ca nt influcnced by

environ11lent and also GxE interaction varian s

Rfi..s

F6 SSD Selection '.

rable 8. Selected genotypes by ｾｳｩｮｧ＠ Index tolerance and relative value methode

-No. Genotype Index Productivity Genotype Relative Productivity

tolerance (kg/ha) value (kglha)

1 8 1.07 1610.56 8 0.90 1610.56

2 10 0.87 1266.67 12 0.91 1527.83

3 ]2 0.95 1527.83 ]4 0.95 1366.30

4

21 1.06 1450.33 15 1.12 1469.26

5 22 0.92 1343.78 18 1.05 1401.22

6 31 0.85 1388.33 21 1.09 1450.33

7 34 1.05 1571.78 25 0.98 133.4.22

8 35 0.90 1229.17 26 1.18 1402.67

9 47 0.85 1104.56 29 1.0 I 1243.00

10 49 0.85 1554.00 30 0.87 1388.33

11 62 0.95 1357.00 31 1.00 1018.44

12 79 0.86 1282.17 34 1.37 1360.78

13 80 0.85 1232. 11 37 1.05 1138.89

14 81 1.34 1403.56 40 0.88 1268.56

15 85 0.87 1193.78 42 1.02 1246.44

16 87 0.84 1197.78 46 0.85 1154. ]9

17 89 0.92 1337.33 48 0.87 1260.00

18 96 1.08 1462.33 49 0.85 1405.67

19 "101 1.04 1215.85 50 0.89 1021.00

20 102 1.10 1743.11 55 1.02 1076.17

Means 1373.60 1307.19

Index toleran and relative value methode was used to select genotypes which have )w light intensity tolerance trait. 20 genotypes which has low light intensity tolerance trait

lere selected by using both methodes. Based on table 8, the genotype that has hight index )lerance not always has hight relative value. Means value of productivity in selected enotipe from index tolerance metode was higher than relative value methode, but the ifferenced looked not significant. Means value of productivity by index tolerance is 373.60 kglha - 1.37 tonlha and by relative value is 1307.19.19 kglha - 1.31 tonlha, but

Ie got productivity value reach out 2.62 tonlha from control condition. In addition, the enotype that has relative value> 1 means it genotype under shading treatment has yield )ility more than control. But, it not conducted in index tolerance methode.

Development of good adaptation variety for abiotic stress was by looking middle arvesting age, resistance to pest and patogen, good agronomic characters, and good uality of seed. The plant-ideotype from the all selected genotype that have good japtation for shading stress is has harvesting age at 56-67 days, growth type semi-eterminate, plant height 84.51 - 149.11 em, number of productive branch incuded much lought (3-6 branchs), strong branch (branch diameter 3.5-5.0 em), middle size seed (7.17 'lOa grain), and seed color mostly dark color (black, dark brown, and green).

CONCLUSION

Low light intensity stress (shading condition) glvmg effect in decreasing in owering ability, number of productive branch, number of productive node, number of

ｾｯ､ｵ｣ｴｩｶ･＠ pod, and yield. Shading treatment made the stem has abnormal elongation,

increa si ng in number of em pt y pod, and 100 grain ｾｹ･ｩｧ｢ｴＮ＠ Number of heritabilit y 100 grain weig ht was the hi ghest. Mean s value of productivity by index toleran ce is 1.37 ton/ ha and

9Y

relat ive va lue is 1.3 1 to n/ ha. Productivity value under cont rol conditio n reach Out 2.62 ton/ha fi'olll con trol co nditio n.

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