FIGURES OF SPEECH IN TALIBUN OF SUMANDO
WEDDING CEREMONY IN SIBOLGA
TAPANULI TENGAH COASTAL
A THESIS
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By:
BOY ARIE SANDY
Registration Number : 2123220006
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
DECLARATION
I have familiarized myself with The University’s Policy on Academic
Integrity. Except where appropriately acknowledged, this thesis is my own work,
has been expressed in my own words and has not been previously submitted for
assessment.
I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise
for plagiarism.
Medan, September 2016
The Researcher,
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ABSTRACT
Boy Arie Sandy. 2016. Figures of Speech in Talibun of Sumando Wedding Ceremony in Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah Coastal. English and Literature Department. Faculty of Language and Arts. State University of Medan. This study was an analysis of figures of speech in talibun of Sumando wedding ceremony in Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah Coastal. This study aimed to describe the types of figures of speech used in Talibun of Sumando wedding ceremony, to find out the dominant types of figures of speech used in talibun of Sumando wedding ceremony, and to elaborate reason for the used of figure of speech. The descriptive-qualitative method was used in the analysis of the figures of speech. The result of the analysis showed that the four Talibuns in Sumando wedding ceremony they are Kapri, Pulo Pinang, Duo and Sikambang. The writer analyzed the data by identifying and classifying the figures of speech displaying the result in a table. Then these figures of speech were described in details. The findings showed that there were 32 sentences, shown by Metaphor (34.37%), personification (28.13%), hyperbole (12.59%), symbol (9.37), synecdoche (6.25%), aphostophe (6.25%) and Pleonasm ( 3.13%).
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise the Almighty God. First of all, the writer would like to thank God
for all His blessing, guarding, guidance and for everything that have been given
along his life, especially in accomplishing this thesis. This thesis is aimed at
fulfilling one of the requirements to obtain the S1 degree of Sarjana Sastra at the
English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
In completing this thesis, the writer has received a lot of assistance and
academic support from some people. Therefore, the writer would like to express
his sincere gratitude, love and special thanks to:
Prof. Dr. H. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., the Rector of State University of
Department, Syamsul Bahri, S.S, M.Hum., the head of English Literature
study program and Nora Ronita, S.Pd, S.S, M.Hum., the Head of English
Education study program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University
of Medan.
Dr. Rahmah, M.Hum., and Dra. Meisuri, M.A., his Thesis Supervisors, for their patience and suggestions in guiding the writer to finish this thesis.
Prof. Amrin Saragih, M.A., Ph.D., as his thesis examiner.
All beloved lecturers of English and Literature Department during her academic year at State University of Medan, who have taught and given
knowledges to his encouragement and invaluable advices to complete this
thesis.
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His beloved parents, H. Ramadhan Gea and Hj. Nurlena Sitompul to
whom this thesis is dedicated for their entire, patient, pray, love, moral and
financial support.
Thanks for the love, support, joke, financial support and great care all the
time from his sisters Rahmaini Eka Susanti, S.Farm, Apt., and also his
brother H. Ali Mahmud Ansyari, Lc. and Munawir Sadjali, Amd.
His beloved friends Anggreyni Tampubolon and all friends in English Literature B 2012 that could not be mentioned one by one. Thanks for their support, info, encouragement, and team work.
Medan, September 2016
The writer,
Boy Arie Sandy
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CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. The Background of the Study ... 1
B. The Problems of the Study ... 5
C. The Objectives of the Study ... 5
D. The Scope of the Study ... 5
E. The Significance of the Study ... 6
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ... 7
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C. Conceptual Framework ... 28
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHOD ... 30
A. Research Design ... 30
B. Source ofData ... 30
C. The Technique of Collecting Data ... 30
D. The Technique of Analyzing the Data ... 31
CHAPTER IV. THE DATA AND THE DATA ANALYSIS ... 32
A. The Data ... 32
B. Data Analysis ... 32
1. Types of Figures of Speech ... 33
2. Literal Meaning of Figures of Speech ... 34
C. Research Findings ... 48
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 49
A. Conclusion ... 50
B. Suggestion ... 51
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 4.1 The Occurrences of Figures of Speech in Talibun of Sumando
Wedding Ceremony ... 34
TABLE 4.2 Metaphor in Talibun of Sumando Wedding Ceremony ... 35
TABLE 4.3 Personification in Talibun of Sumando Wedding Ceremony .... 39
TABLE 4.4 Hyperbole in Talibun of Sumando Wedding Ceremony ... 43
TABLE 4.5 Symbol in Talibun of Sumando Wedding Ceremony ... 45
TABLE 4.6 Synecdoche in Talibun of Sumando Wedding Ceremony ... 46
TABLE 4.7 Apostrophe in Talibun of Sumando Wedding Ceremony ... 47
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LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A Data and Translation ... 53
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Study
Language used as communication system that very important for human.
Human unable to communicate with each other without language. In the daily life
of almost all human activities using language, both spoken language, written
language and body language. Humans as social beings interact, cooperate, and
establish social contacts in the community. In doing so, people need a
communication tool of language.
Language and culture are two major things that can not be seperated in
human life. It means that language as means of communication, which is used in
human life to interest another.In Indonesia there are many tribes with different
cultures from another. However, a difference that is the identity of the Indonesian,
is not a distinction that led to the dispute.
Indonesia has diverse cultures and ethnicities and languages, for
example, Batak, Nias, Mandailing, Javanese, Karo, Coastal, etc. Each tribe has a
different language in communicating to channel ideas, ideas or provide an
understanding of their culture. For example, in the form of works of oral or
written literature (poetry, rhymes, folk songs or poetry, legend, folktale, talibun,
etc.) are expressed through dances, wedding ceremonies, or certain rituals.
Literature that a part of culture as literature was born from the creativity,
taste and human initiative embodied in the form of the beautiful language, both
oral and written. Besides the creation of a literary work is taken from the
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experience of life at the time of the birth of literary works. Thus, to be able to
know the habits of an area at a given moment through literature. Basically, all that
is communicated through the language of the form of words, phrases or sentences
that contain a lot of meaning. In this case the approach used to assess the meaning
or significance called semantics.
As an ethnic, tribal coastal is rich in tradition or customs or art that
deserves to be preserved. One oral tradition coastal communities that Talibun
contained in the lyrics Sikambang. Talibun has long been and still lives among
coastal communities and actively used in traditional ceremonies that were held in
wedding ceremonies, khitanan, aqiqah or as an accompaniment to a dance
tradition.
Coastel poetry called Talibun that reveals something of advice rhyme
rhythmic and often reveals something with different styles, languages, figure of
speech is far from everyday language and often using rhyme customs or languages
that contain special meaning as the lyrics of song. The meaning of a message
delivered in the form of words and may only be understood by the people of
Coastal. Talibun not just a rhyme sung or chanted the traditional events and serves
as a medium of communication, entertainment, or have some other function. But
most core that Talibun describe a feature, philosophy of life, norms, advice, belief
or culture Coastasl communities through poems or rhymes and convey meaning
contained in the text or poem.
Looking at the situation and the condition of existence of coastel
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indeed can occur at any time due to a lack of enthusiasm andknowledge of the
younger generation coastal communities for different cultures that previously
existed. This is ultimately blurs the original form of the coastel tradition, because
the more simplified or shortened by implementing a custom event, (Pasaribu,
2014: 101).
Many coastal communities, especially young people who do not
understand the meaning of lyrics Sikambang or Talibun. So, many appear diverse
understanding in interpreting Talibun and a debate between the coast. Besides, as
the development of civilization increasingly sophisticated and modern, Talibun
sung which language Coastal already disappeared and raises many variations of
the poem that is different because these days the singer or speaker Talibun reliable
or called Anak Alek been minimal. They died and were buried along with their
knowledge. So many coastal communities do not know what the meaning or
figures of speech used in Talibun in the wedding.
There have been some previous study that related to the meaning of
Sikambang in Sumando wedding ceremony.Manalu (2012), aims at determining
how the role of sikambang of wedding ceremony in coastal communities sumando
Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah. In this research tells us that the musical performances
sikambang in a ceremony clearly not only as a supplement or additional elements
of wedding ceremony but sikambang musical is a part of the content of the
ceremony.
And almost similar with previous studies above, Sitompul (2013)
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Ceremony in Sibolga Coastal Communities. Describe and find the meaning of
social semiotic of the oral tradition of Baralek Gadang of Sumando's wedding
ceremony in Sibolga coastal community, and to find out the local wisdom of
Baralek Gadang process of Sumando wedding ceremony in Sibolga costal
community.
From those previous studies above, this research will be different. This
research will focus on analysis the figures of speechin Talibuns of Sumando
wedding ceremony that can be caused by a variety of meanings of words so that
there arose such as hyperbole, simile, metaphor and personification or
others.Based on the description above, the researcher uses the object Talibun
thatused in some coastal ceremonies especially in the wedding ceremony.
The researcher will examine figures of speech in talibun contained in the
marriage and what the values and the messages contained. Talibun contains rows
of words that are arranged in either a style that is attractive by the speaker or
singer who sings that can be enjoyed by the listener. Thus, the author will apply
semantic theory, namely identifying the figures of speech in the lyrics Sikambang
called Talibun in Sumando wedding ceremony in the coastel ethnic based on
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B. The Problems of Study
Based on the background, the problems of study were formulated as the
followings:
1. What types of figures of speechare used in Talibun of Sumando
wedding ceremony in Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah coastal?
2. What type of figures of speech is dominantly isused in Talibun of
Sumando wedding ceremony in Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah coastal?
3. Why is it dominantly used in talibun of sumando wedding ceremony in
Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah coastal?
C. The Objectives of the Study
In relation to the problems, the objectives of the study were:
1. to describe the type of figures of speech is used in Talibun of Sumando
wedding ceremony in Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah coastal.
2. to find out the dominant type of figures of speech is used in Talibun
Sumando wedding ceremony in Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah coastal.
3. to elaborate reason for the used of figure of speech.
D. The Scope of the Study
The main concern of this research focuses on analysing the figures of
speechto know what the dominant type of figures of speech used in four Talibuns
of Sumando wedding ceremony in Sibolga Tapanuli Tengah coastel. The writer
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(1992) they are simile, methapor, symbol, metonymy, synecdote, personification,
hyperbole, apostrophe, allegory, or parable, paradox, pleonasm, irony, and litotes.
E. The Significance of the Study
Finding of the study were expected to offer theoretical and practical
significance.
1. Theoretically the findings can add up more horizons in theories in
literature. In addition the findings can be reference for further studies.
2. Practically the findings are expected to give an accurate information to
the readers around the field of figures of speech through Talibuns and
this research can be used as a reference of their understanding how
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion
After analyzing the data, conclusions were drawn as following:
1. Seven types of figures of speech that used in talibuns of Sumando wedding
ceremony, consisting of Hyperbole, Personification, Aposthtope,
Metaphor, Pleonasm, Symbol and Synecdoche.
2. The total number of the occurences of figures of speech were 32 which are
found in four talibuns of Sumando wedding ceremony. The dominant type
of figures of speech in talibun of Sumando wedding Ceremony is
Metaphor.
3. The elaborate reason for the used of figures of speech is because in
talibuns of Sumando wedding ceremony that founded the figures of speech
that have hidden meanings and concerned with people lives in Sibolga
Tapanuli Tengah coastal.
B. Suggestion
By consendering the research findings and conclusions, there were some
suggestions which were presented as the following:
1. For the readers of figures of speech to learn about poetry and literary
critism first since this subject lead us to find figures of speech and use
of them.
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2. For teenagers of Coastal communities, it is expected that they will
obtain more knowledge in figures of speech about talibun and
interested in analyzing its application of other ceremonies.
3. For other researchers, it will be usefull as guidence or reference for the
further research about songs maybe the ethnic songs like Nias,
Bataknese, Javanese etc. in order to maintain this culture and to
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