See Page 397 for Detailed Objectives

(1)

Your Interactive Guide

to the Digital World

Discovering

(2)

Objectives Overview

Defie system

software aid

ideitify the two

types of system

software

Defie system

software aid

ideitify the two

types of system

software

Describe the

fuictiois of ai

operatiig system

Describe the

fuictiois of ai

operatiig system

Summarize the

startup process

oi a persoial

computer

Summarize the

startup process

oi a persoial

computer

Summarize the

features of

several

staid-aloie operatiig

systems

Summarize the

features of

several

staid-aloie operatiig

systems

Briefy describe

various server

operatiig

systems

Briefy describe

various server

operatiig

systems

Summarize the

features of

several

embedded

operatiig

systems

Summarize the

features of

several

embedded

operatiig

systems

Explaii the

purpose of

several utility

programs

Explaii the

purpose of

several utility

programs

Discoveriig Computers 2012: Chapter 8 2 See Page 397

(3)

System Software

•

System software

coisists of the

programs that coitrol or maiitaii the

operatiois of the computer aid its

devices

Discoveriig Computers 2012: Chapter 8 3

(4)

Operating Systems

•

Ai

operating system

(

OS

) is a set of

programs coitaiiiig iistructiois that work

together to coordiiate all the activities amoig

computer hardware resources

Pages 398 - 399

Start aid

shut dowi

a computer

Start aid

shut dowi

a computer

Provide a

user

iiterface

Provide a

user

iiterface

Maiage

programs

Maiage

programs

memory

Maiage

Coordiiate

tasks

Coordiiate

tasks

Coifgure

devices

Establish ai

Iiteriet

coiiectioi

Establish ai

Iiteriet

coiiectioi

Moiitor

performaic

e

Moiitor

performaic

e

Provide

utilities

Provide

(5)

Operating Systems

(6)

Operating System Functions

•

The process of startiig or restartiig a

computer is called

booting

Page 400 Figure 8-2

Cold boot

•

Turiiig

oi a

computer

that has

beei

powered

of

completel

y

•

Turiiig

oi a

computer

that has

beei

powered

of

completel

y

Warm

boot

Warm

boot

•

Usiig the

operatiig

system to

restart a

computer

•

Usiig the

(7)

(8)

A

boot drive

is the

drive from which your

computer starts

A boot drive is the

drive from which your

computer starts

•

You cai boot from a

boot disk

•

A

recovery disk

coitaiis a

few system fles that will start

the computer

(9)

•

Ai operatiig system iicludes various

shut dowi optiois

(10)

•

A user interface

coitrols how you

eiter data aid

iistructiois aid

how iiformatioi is

displayed oi the

screei

•

With a graphical

user iiterface

(GUI), you iiteract

with meius aid

visual images

(11)

•

With a commaid-liie iiterface, a user

uses the keyboard to eiter data aid

iistructiois

(12)

•

How ai operatiig system haidles

programs directly afects your

productivity

(13)

(14)

•

Memory management

optimizes the use of

RAM

•

Virtual memory

is a portioi of a storage

medium fuictioiiig as additioial RAM

(15)

•

The operatiig system determiies the

order ii which tasks are processed

(16)

(17)

•

Operatiig systems typically provide a

meais to establish Iiteriet coiiectiois

(18)

•

A

performance monitor

is a program

that assesses aid reports iiformatioi

about various computer resources aid

devices

(19)

•

Operatiig systems oftei provide users

with the capability of:

(20)

•

Automatic update

automatically

provides updates to the program

(21)

•

Some operatiig

systems are

desigied to work

with a server oi a

ietwork

•

A

server

operating system

orgaiizes aid

coordiiates how

multiple users

access aid share

resources oi a

ietwork

•

A ietwork

admiiistrator uses

the server

operatiig system

to:

–

Add aid remove

users, computers,

aid other devices

–

Iistall software aid

admiiister ietwork

security

(22)

•

Each user has a

user accouit

–

A

user name

, or

user ID

, ideitifes a

specifc user

–

A

password

is a

private combiiatioi

of characters

associated with the

user iame

(23)

Types of Operating Systems

(24)

Stand-Alone Operating

Systems

•

A

stand-alone operating system

is a

complete operatiig system that works

oi a desktop computer, iotebook

computer, or mobile computiig device

(25)

Systems

•

Windows 7

is Microsoft’s fastest, most

efficieit operatiig system to date aid

is available ii multiple editiois:

(26)

Systems

•

Wiidows 7 provides programs such as:

(27)

Stand-Alone Operating

Systems

Page 414

(28)

Systems

(29)

Systems

•

The

Macintosh operating system

has

set the staidard for operatiig system

ease of use

•

Latest versioi is

Mac OS X

(30)

Systems

(31)

Server Operating Systems

(32)

Server Operating Systems

•

Windows Server 2008

is ai upgrade to

Wiidows

Server 2003

–

Part of the

Windows Server 2008 family

–

Multiple editiois

•

Most editiois iiclude Hyper-V, a virtualizatioi

techiology

–

Virtualizatioi is the practice of shariig or pooliig

computiig resources

(33)

Embedded Operating Systems

•

Ai

embedded operating system

resides oi

a ROM chip oi a mobile device or coisumer

electroiic device

(34)

Embedded Operating Systems

(35)

Utility Programs

•

A

utility program

is a type of system

software that allows a user to perform

maiiteiaice-type tasks

(36)

Utility Programs

•

A

fle manager

is

a utility that

performs fuictiois

related to fle

maiagemeit

–

Displayiig a list of

fles

–

Orgaiiziig fles ii

folders

–

Copyiig, reiamiig,

deletiig, moviig,

aid sortiig fles

aid

folders

–

Creatiig

shortcuts

(37)

Utility Programs

•

A

search utility

is a program that

attempts to locate a fle oi your

computer based oi criteria you specify

(38)

Utility Programs

•

Ai

image viewer

allows users to

display, copy, aid

priit the coiteits

of a graphics fle

•

Ai

uninstaller

removes a

program, as well as

aiy associated

eitries ii the

system fles

(39)

Utility Programs

•

A disk cleaiup utility searches for aid

removes uiiecessary fles

–

Dowiloaded program

fles

–

Temporary Iiteriet

fles

–

Deleted fles

–

Uiused program

fles

(40)

Utility Programs

•

A

disk defragmenter

reorgaiizes the

fles aid uiused space oi a computer’s

hard disk so that the operatiig system

accesses data more quickly aid programs

rui faster

–

Defragmenting

(41)

Utility Programs

•

A

backup utility

allows users to

copy fles to

aiother storage

medium

•

A

restore utility

reverses the

process aid

returis backed up

fles to their

origiial form

(42)

Utility Programs

•

A

screen saver

causes a display

device’s screei to

show a moviig

image or blaik

screei if io activity

occurs for a

specifed time

•

A

personal

frewall

detects

aid protects a

persoial computer

from uiauthorized

iitrusiois

Page 425

(43)

Utility Programs

(44)

Video: Free Online Antivirus

(45)

Utility Programs

(46)

Utility Programs

(47)

Utility Programs

•

Filters are programs that remove or

block certaii items from beiig displayed

(48)

Utility Programs

•

A

fle compression utility

shriiks the size of

a fle(s)

–

Compressiig fles frees up room oi the storage

media

–

Two types of compressioi

•

Lossy

•

Lossless

•

Compressed fles sometimes are called

zipped fles

–

Cai be

uncompressed

(49)

Utility Programs

•

A

media player

allows you to view

images aid aiimatioi, listei to audio,

aid watch video fles oi your computer

(50)

Utility Programs

•

Disc burning

software

writes

text, graphics,

audio, aid video

fles oi a

recordable or

rewritable optical

disc

(51)

Utility Programs

•

A

personal

computer

maintenance

utility

ideitifes

aid fxes operatiig

system problems,

detects aid repairs

disk problems, aid

iicludes the

capability of

improviig a

computer’s

performaice

(52)

Summary

(53)

Your Interactive Guide

to the Digital World

Discovering

Computers 2012