BPS-Statistics DKI Jakarta Provincial Office 17

2. KEADAAN IKLIM

Kota Jakarta dan pada umumnya di seluruh daerah di Indonesia mempunyai dua musim, yaitu musim kemarau dan penghujan. Pada bulan Juni sampai dengan September arus angin berasal dari Australia dan tidak banyak mengandung uap air, sehingga mengakibatkan musim kemarau.

Sebaliknya pada bulan Desember sampai dengan Maret arus angin banyak mengandung uap air yang berasal dari Asia dan Samudera Pasifik sehingga terjadi musim penghujan.

Pada tahun 2006 suhu udara yang diamati di lima stasiun pengamat tidak terlihat adanya perbedaan yang nyata walaupun suhu udara sangat tergantung pada tinggi rendahnya stasiun pengamat terhadap permukaan air laut. Secara umum Kota Jakarta beriklim panas dengan rata-rata suhu maksimum udara berkisar 34,1

⁰

C pada siang hari dan suhu minimum udara berkisar 23,5

⁰

C pada malam hari. Suhu maksimum tercatat di stasiun pengamat Pondok Betung yaitu 35,2

⁰

C. Sedangkan kelembaban udara maksimum rata-rata di Kota Jakarta sebesar 88,0% dan rata-rata minimum sebesar 71,8%, dengan rata-rata curah hujan sepanjang tahun sebesar 174,8 mm

²

.

2. CLIMATE

Jakarta City, generally, in Indonesia has only two season. The dry season in June to September is influenced by the Australia Continental air masses.

Meanwhile the rainy season in December to March is influenced by the Asia Continental and Pacific Ocean air masses passing over oceans. The air contains a great deal of moisture and causes rain fall in Indonesia.

In 2006, the temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind velocity and rainfall were watched in five observation station in Jakarta. The variation of measurements is influenced by the altitude of each location. In General, climate condition of Jakarta is tropical zone, with the highest temperature was around 34,1

^o

C by day and the average lowest temperature was about 23,5

^o

C by night.

The highest temperature was recorded in the Pondok Betung observation station.

Meanwhile the relative maximum

humidity was 88,0% and the relative

minimum was 71,8% with the rainfall

intensity, was reached 174,8 mm

²

.

2. KEADAAN IKLIM / CLIMATE

Tabel

: 2.1.

Rata-Rata Suhu Udara, Kelembaban, Tekanan Udara, Arah Angin, Kecepatan Angin, Curah Hujan dan Penyinaran Matahari Menurut Table Stasiun Pengamatan, 2006

Average of Temperature, Relative humidity, Atmospheric Pressure,Wind Direction, Wind Velocity, Rainfall, and Sunlight by Observation Station, 2006

Stasiun Pengamatan / Observation Station Uraian

Description Pondok Betung

Halim Perdana Kusuma

Cengkareng Jakarta Tanjung Priok (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) Suhu /Temperature (

⁰

C)

Maksimum /Maximum 35,2 33,7 33,3 34,5 33,8 Minimum /Minimum 23,0 22,2 23,2 24,5 24,4 Rata-Rata / Average 27,5 27,2 27,8 28,0 28,0 Kelembaban Udara/ Relative Humidity (%)

Maksimum /Maximum 95 89 91 81 84 Minimum /Minimum 77 68 80 67 67 Rata-Rata / Average 83 79 84 75 76 Tekanan Udara

Atmospheric Pressure (mbs)

1.009,3 1.012,4 1.010,6 1.008,8 1.009,3

Arah Angin

Wind Direction (Point)

0 270 270 270 45

Kecepatan Angin Wind Velocity (M/SE)

0 5 5 3 4

Curah Hujan Rainfall (mm

²

) 335,6 230,0 118,2 140,0 50,0

Tabel : 2.2.

Suhu Udara Maksimun, Minimum dan Rata-rata Menurut Bulan di Stasiun Pengamatan Jakarta, 2006

Table Maximim, Minimum and Average Temperature in Observation Station of Jakarta by Month, 2006

Suhu Udara/Temperature Bulan

Month

Maksimum Maximum

Minimum Minimum

Rata-Rata Average

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Januari/January 34,0 24,2 27,2 Pebruari/February 33,4 24,6 27,8

Maret/March 33,6 24,0 28,1

April/April 34,0 24,0 28,4

Mei/May 34,0 24,2 28,7

Juni/June 34,4 23,9 28,7

Juli/July 34,2 24,2 28,7

Agustus/August 34,2 23,6 28,3 September/September 36,0 23,9 28,7 Oktober/October 35,1 24,6 29,6 Nopember/November 35,0 24,6 29,8 Desember/December 34,5 24,5 28,0

Sumber/ Source: Badan Meteorologi & Geofisika

Tabel : 2.3.

Kelembaban Udara Maksimum, Minimum dan Rata-rata Menurut Bulan di Stasiun Pengamatan Jakarta, 2006

Table Maximim, Minimum and Average Relative Humidity in Observation Station of Jakarta by Month, 2006

Kelembaban Udara / Relative humidity (%) Bulan

Month

Maksimun Maximum

Minimum Minimum

Rata-Rata Average

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Januari/January 91 67 80

Pebruari/February 92 77 79

Maret/March 88 70 78

April/April 90 68 75

Mei/May 81 68 75

Juni/June 74 61 71

Juli/July 74 64 69

Agustus/August 75 64 69

September/September 74 61 66

Oktober/October 73 52 66

Nopember/November 81 68 71

Desember/December 81 67 75

Sumber/ Source: Badan Meteorologi & Geofisika

Tabel : 2.4.

Jumlah Curah Hujan dan Banyaknya Hari Hujan Menurut Bulan di Stasiun Pengamatan Jakarta, 2006

Table Rainfall by Month and Frequency of Rain in Observation Station of Jakarta by Month, 2006

Bulan Month

Curah Hujan Rainfall (mm

²

)

Banyaknya Hari Hujan Frequency of Rain (days)

(1) (2) (3)

Januari/January 389,6 25

Pebruari/February 350,0 20

Maret/March 320,0 19

April/April 316,1 17 Mei/May 85,2 12 Juni/June 30,8 5 Juli/July 53,2 4

Agustus/August 0,0 0

September/September 0,2 1

Oktober/October 10,6 1

Nopember/November 26,8 8

Desember/December 140,0 20

Sumber/ Source: Badan Meteorologi & Geofisika

Tabel : 2.5.

Rata-rata Tekanan Udara, Arah Angin, Kecepatan Angin dan Penyinaran Matahari Menurut Bulan di Stasiun Pengamatan Table Jakarta, 2006

Atmospheric pressure, Wind Direction, Wind Velocity , and Sunlight in Observation Station of Jakarta by Month, 2006

Bulan Month

Tekanan Udara Atmospheric

Pressure (mbs)

Arah Angin Wind Direction

(Point)

Kecepatan Angin Wind Velocity

(M/SE)

Penyinaran Matahari

Sunlight (%)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

Januari/January 1.009,3 270 3 25 Pebruari/February 1.011,1 330 2 40 Maret/March 1.010,7 330 2 44 April/April 1.009,2 225 3 54

Mei/May 1.010,1 270 2 61

Juni/June 1.010,3 90 2 73

Juli/July 1.011,2 90 2 78

Agustus/August 1.011,3 90 2 93 September/September 1.011,5 90 5 94 Oktober/October 1.011,5 360 2 89 Nopember/November 1.009,7 270 2 75 Desember/December 1.008,8 270 3 25

Sumber/ Source: Badan Meteorologi & Geofisika

Tabel : 2.6.

Kualitas dan Baku Mutu Udara Menurut Lokasi Pengukuran, 2006

Table Standard Qualification and Air Qualities by Measure Location, 2006

Metode Sesaat/Temporary methode Lokasi Pengukuran

Measure Location

NO

2

(ppm)

SO

2

(ppm)

TSP (mg/m

³

)

Pb (mg/m

³

)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

I Daerah Pemukiman/Housing Area

1. Dinas Pertamanan 0,021 0,005 158 - 2. Kantor Kec. Cilincing 0,023 0,006 304 - 3. Kantor Kelurahan Tebet 0,037 0,004 219 - 4. Mesjid Al-Firdaus 0,024 0,006 223 - 5. IPAK Lubang Buaya 0,017 0,006 155 -

II Daerah Industri/Industry Area

1. PT.JIEP Pulo Gadung 0,025 0,006 347 -

III Daerah Perkantoran/Office Area

1. Mesjid Istiqlal 0,029 0,006 243 - 2. Kuningan (BPLHD) 0,043 0,003 233 -

IV Daerah Rekreasi/Recreation Area

1. Dunia Fantasi Ancol 0,022 0,006 217 -

Sumber/Source : BPLHD Provinsi DKI Jakarta Keterangan/Note : - Data tidak tersedia/ Data not available

Kriteria Ambien Kualitas Udara ( Nilai Baku Mutu) : - Nitrogen Oksida (NO

2

) = 0,0500 ppm

- Sulfur Dioksida (SO

2

) = 0,1000 ppm - TSP = 150 mg/m

³

- Pb = 2 mg/m

³