OPERATIONAL SAR DATA PROCESSING IN GIS ENVIRONMENTS
FOR RAPID DISASTER MAPPING
A. Meroni a, T. Bahr b
a
Exelis Visual Information Solutions, Concorezzo, Italy - alberto.meroni@exelisvis.com
b
Exelis Visual Information Solutions GmbH, Gilching, Germany - thomas.bahr@exelisvis.com
KEY WORDS: Public Safety, Disaster Mapping, Change Detection, SAR, Model, COSMO-SkyMed, SARscape, ArcGIS®, IDL
ABSTRACT:
Having access to SAR data can be highly important and critical especially for disaster mapping. Updating a GIS with contemporary information from SAR data allows to deliver a reliable set of geospatial information to advance civilian operations, e.g. search and rescue missions. Therefore, we present in this paper the operational processing of SAR data within a GIS environment for rapid disaster mapping. This is exemplified by the November 2010 flash flood in the Veneto region, Italy. A series of COSMO-SkyMed acquisitions was processed in ArcGIS® using a single-sensor, multi-mode, multi-temporal approach. The relevant processing steps were combined using the ArcGIS ModelBuilder to create a new model for rapid disaster mapping in ArcGIS, which can be accessed both via a desktop and a server environment.
1. INTRODUCTION
The use of SAR data has become increasingly popular in recent years and in a wide array of industries. Having access to SAR data can be highly important and critical especially for disaster management. SAR imaging offers the great advantage, over its optical counterparts, of not being affected by darkness, meteorological conditions such as clouds, fog, etc., or smoke and dust, frequently associated with disaster zones.
Updating a GIS with contemporary information from SAR data allows to deliver a reliable set of geospatial information to advance civilian operations, e.g. search and rescue missions.
To solve this requirement, we developed an operational processing chain for SAR data within a GIS environment, which can be executed by the responsible operators without SAR expert knowledge.
For this approach we integrated the SARscape modules for ENVI with ArcGIS®, eliminating the need to switch between software packages. Thereby the premier algorithms for SAR image analysis can be directly accessed from ArcGIS desktop and server environments. They allow processing and analyzing SAR data in almost real time and with minimum user interaction. Thus disaster zones, e.g. after severe flooding, can be automatically identified and mapped to support local task forces.
2. CASE STUDY: FLOOD DETECTION WITH
HIGH-RESOLUTION COSMO-SKYMED DATA
The Bacchiglione River burst its banks on Nov. 2nd 2010 after two days of heavy rainfall throughout the northern Italian region (GMES Emergency Response Service (Ed.), 2010). The community of Bovolenta, 22 km SSE of Padova, was covered by several meters of water. People were requested to stay in their homes; several roads, highways sections and railroads had to be closed.
The extent of this flooding is documented by a series of COSMO-SkyMed acquisitions. COSMO-SkyMed is a constellation of four X-band Earth observation satellites, allowing a very frequent coverage, which enables monitoring using a very high temporal resolution.
For the present case study we focused on a COSMO-SkyMed-2 image acquired at Nov. 5th 2010, i.e. 3 days after the flash flood (see Figure 1). As a reference we used a COSMO-SkyMed-3 image, acquired at May 9th 2010. Both images were acquired in StripMap mode and ordered as Detected Ground Multi-look (DGM) product (Level 1B) with a GSD of 2.5 m and HH polarization.
Figure 1. COSMO-SkyMed 2, StripMap DGM, Nov. 5th 2010, “Gaussian DE MAP” filtered, DEM-geocoded & calibrated, flooded areas overlaid.
© COSMO-SkyMed™ Product - ASI, 2010. All rights reserved. Distributed by e-GEOS.
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XL-1/W1, ISPRS Hannover Workshop 2013, 21 – 24 May 2013, Hannover, Germany
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