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KARAKTERISASI SIMPLISIA DAN FORMULASI EKSTRAK ETANOL RUMPUT LAUT MERAH (Eucheuma spinosum)
SEBAGAI KRIM ANTI-AGING
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Rumput laut merah mengandung serat, protein, lemak, vitamin-vitamin. Mengandung pigmen fikoeritin, karotenoid, klorofil A, senyawa organik dan senyawa anorganik dan serat kasar. Hasil penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa karotenoid memiliki fungsi biologis yang sangat penting sebagai antioksidan.
Tujuan: Memformulasikan ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah dalam bentuk sediaan krim dengan tipe emulsi minyak dalam air dan menguji daya anti-aging pada kulit punggung tangan sukarelawan.
Metode: Serbuk simplisia rumput laut merah dilakukan karakterisasi, serbuk rumput laut merah kemudian diekstraksi secara perkolasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%, perkolat yang diperoleh diuapkan dengan bantuan rotary evaporator. Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah diformulasi dalam bentuk sediaan krim dengan konsentrasi 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%. Selanjutnya sediaan krim diperiksa homogenitasnya, tipe emulsi, pengukuran pH, dievaluasi stabilitasnya serta diuji iritasi dan efektivitasnya pada kulit punggung tangan sukarelawan menggunakan alat skin analyzer. Pembuktian kemampuan sediaan anti-aging meliputi beberapa parameter yaitu kadar air (moisture), kehalusan (evennes), pori (pore), noda (spot) dan keriput (wrinkle).
Hasil: Hasil karakterisasi simplisia rumput laut merah diperoleh kadar air 9,43%, kadar sari larut air 26,15%, kadar sari larut etanol 2,29%, kadar abu total 16,59% dan kadar abu yang tidak larut asam 1,54%. Hasil evaluasi krim ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah stabil dalam penyimpanan 90 hari pada suhu kamar yaitu tidak mengalami perubahan warna, bau, dan pemisahan fase. Pemeriksaan homogenitas sediaan krim menunjukkan krim homogen, dengan tipe emulsi m/a, pH 5,5-5,9 dan tidak menyebabkan iritasi. Hasil pemeriksaan sediaan krim ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah menunjukkan efektivitasnya sebagai anti-aging yang baik setelah perawatan 4 minggu. Efektivitas paling baik sebagai anti-aging adalah krim 10% yaitu kadar air semakin meningkat (49,31%), kulit semakin halus (45,45%), pori-pori semakin kecil (70,22%), dan banyak noda yang berkurang (66,67%) serta kerutan yang semakin berkurang (51,16%).
Kesimpulan: Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah dapat diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan krim dan memberikan efek sebagai anti-aging.
Kata Kunci: Ekstrak etanol rumput laut merah (Eucheuma spinosum.), skin analyzer, formulasi, krim anti-aging.
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CHARACTERIZATION OF SIMPLICIA AND FORMULATION OF ETHANOL EXTRACT RED SEAWEED (Eucheuma spinosum ) AS AN
ANTI-AGING CREAM
ABSTRACT
Background: Red seaweed contains fiber, protein, fat, vitamins. Containing pigment ficoeritin, carotenoids, chlorophyll A, organic compounds and inorganic compounds and fiber. Previous research showed that carotenoid has important biological functions as antioxidants.
Purpose: To formulate red seaweed ethanol extract into a cream preparation of oil in water emulsion type as anti-aging and test the formulate effectiveness on the back of the hand volunteers skin.
Method: Red seawed Simplicia was characterized, red seaweed was extracted by percolation using ethanol 96%, percolate was concentrated by rotary evaporator. Red seawed extract was made into cream preparations with a concentration of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%. And then the cream was check its homogenity, emulsion type, pH measurement, evaluated the stability, tested its irritation and effectiveness in skin on the backs of the hands of volunteers using a skin analyzer. Anti-aging capability includes several parameters: moisture, evennes, pore, spot and wrinkles.
Results: The characterization result of red seaweed Simplicia exhibited the water value 9.43%, water soluble extract value 26.15%, ethanol soluble extract value 2.29%, total ash value 16.59% and ash in acid insoluble ash value 1.54%. Result of evaluation showed that it was stable in storage for 90 days at room temperature that was not any change in color, odor and the phase separation. The homogenity of cream preparations showed the cream was homogeneous, with type emulsion is m/a, pH 5.5-5.9 and did not cause irritation. The inquiry result of red seawed showed a good anti-aging after treatment during 4 weeks. The best effectivity as an anti-aging cream is 10% the moisture increase (49.31%), the smoother the skin (45.45%), the smaller the pores (70.22%), the number of spots are diminishing (66.67%), and wrinkle are diminishing (51.16%).
Conclusion: Ethanol extract of red seawed can be formulated into cream preparation and gives anti-aging activity.
Keywords: Ethanol extract of red seawed (Eucheuma spinosum), skin analyzer, formulation, anti- aging cream.
