AN ANALYSIS OF CONTEXT OF SITUATION IN OSCAR WILDE’S SHORT STORY “THE NIGHTINGALE AND THE ROSE”
A THESIS
BY
MENTARI FITRI ANNISA REG. NO. 120721004
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
i AN ANALYSIS OF CONTEXT OF SITUATION IN OSCAR WILDE’S SHORT STORY “THE NIGHTINGALE AND THE ROSE”
A THESIS
BY
MENTARI FITRI ANNISA REG. NO. 120721004
SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR
Dr. Hj. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum. Dr. Hj. Nurlela, M.Hum.
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
ii Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination.
Head, Secretary,
iii Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on 10 February 2015.
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, M.A. NIP. 19511013 197603 1 001
Board of Examiners:
(Names) (Signatures)
1. __________
2. __________
3. __________
4. __________
iv AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I AM, MENTARI FITRI ANNISA, DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OR ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
Signed :
v COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME : MENTARI FITRI ANNISA
TITLE OF THESIS : AN ANALYSIS OF CONTEXT OF SITUATION IN OSCAR WILDE’S SHORT STORY “THE NIGHTINGALE AND THE ROSE”
QUALIFICATION : S-1/SARJANA SASTRA
DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
Signed :
vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to thank and praise the Almighty God, Allah SWT, for the blessing and for giving me health, strength and ease to accomplish this thesis as one of the requirements to get the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU), Medan.
Then, I would like to express a deep love, gratitude and appreciation to: • My mother, Erma Yona, my father, Syafrizal and my stepmother, Nida.
Thank you for the gens, loves, supports, prayers and finances.
• My grandmother, Erry Marina; my aunts, Ellen Yulia, Emma Yunita and Wati; and my uncles, M. Isnaini and Bob. Thank you for the loves, prayers, supports and tips.
• My brothers, M. Fikri Al Hakim and M. Fitryan Al Fajri; my
stepbrothers, Bayu and Agung; and my half-brother, M. Fadhillah Al Hafiz; and my sister, Nita. Thank you for the loves, prayers, supports and company.
• My cousins, Casey Nurul Falisha, Naema Aira Falisha and M. Mirza
Izz Faeyza; and my niece, Alya Khaleesi Hakim.
• My supervisor, Dr. Hj. Masdiana Lubis, M.Hum. and co-supervisor Dr. Hj. Nurlela, M.Hum. Thank you for the valuable times and patience in giving the correction and constructive critics in completing this thesis. • The Head of Department of English, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. and
vii • The Board of Examiners. Thank you for the valuable times and patience in
examining this thesis.
• The Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara. Dr.
H. Syahron Lubis, M.A.
• My lecturers in Department of English. Thank you for the knowledge,
advices and pointers. • My seniors and juniors.
• My friends, Nazlia Putri, Ressa Elfiani, Kiswanda Wulan Ningsih,
Nurhayati, Cut Surita Dessy, Astriah, Merisa, Mahyar Diyanti, Mulia Wati Is, Ayu Juanda, Karya Dewi Andiena, Risma Dewi, Dasmara Sukma, Dina Santi Lestari, Meli Astuti, Miftahul Khairi, Rachmi, Juwita Ulandari Saragih, Dessy Purnama Wati Tampubolon, Jenni P. Nababan and many more. Thank you for the loves, supports, jokes and friendship.
Furthermore, I wanted to thank all of the authors and writers of articles, journals and books that I used for this thesis. And finally, thank you for everyone above and anyone else I forgot to mention, for without them I would not be able to finish this thesis.
Medan, 10 February 2015 The writer,
viii ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled “An Analysis of Context of Situation in Oscar Wilde’s Short Story ‘The Nightingale and the Rose’” discussed about the context of situation in Oscar Wilde’s Short Story “The Nightingale and the Rose”. The problem of this thesis is to know about the field, tenor and mode in the short story, and the objective is to find out about it order to understand the use of language in the short story. The research method applied is qualitative research method and the theory used in analysing the short story is the theory of context of situation by Halliday (1978). In analysing the 38 texts of Oscar Wilde’s Short Story “The Nightingale and the Rose”, writer found two main fields (topics) are Red Rose and Nightingale. The field Red Rose is supported with three sub-fields, they are Young Student, A Ball Tomorrow Night and Daughter of the Professor. While, the field Nightingale is supported with seven sub-fields, they are Young Student, True Lover, Mystery of Love, Soaring into the Air, Rose-tree, Oak-tree and Sing All Night Long. Then, there are ten tenors (participants), they are the Young Student, Nightingale, Little Green Lizard, Butterfly, Daisy, White Rose-tree, Yellow Rose-tree, Red Rose-tree, Oak-tree and Daughter of the Professor. Then, the roles of language were reflection and action, and the language was written as monologues, dialogues and on-going action.
ix ABSTRAK
Tesis yang berjudul “An Analysis of Context of Situation in Oscar Wilde’s Short Story ‘The Nightingale and the Rose’” membahas tentang konteks situasi di cerpen “The Nightingale and the Rose” yang ditulis oleh Oscar Wilde. Masalah tesis ini adalah untuk mengetahui tentang medan, pelibat dan sarana di cerpen tersebut, dan tujuannya adalah untuk mencaritahunya untuk memahami penggunaan bahasa di cerpen tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dan teori yang digunakan untuk menganalisa cerpen tersebut adalah teori konteks situasi dari Halliday (1978). Dalam menganalisa 38 teks-teks “The Nightingale and the Rose” yang ditulis oleh Oscar Wilde tersebut, penulis menemukan dua medan (topik) utama yaitu Mawar Merah dan Burung Bulbul. Medan Mawar Merah didukung oleh tiga sub-medan, yaitu Pelajar Muda, Pesta Dansa Besok Malam dan Putri Profesor. Sedangkan, medan Burung Bulbul didukung oleh tujuh sub-medan, yaitu Pelajar Muda, Kekasih Sejati, Misteri Cinta, Membumbung ke Langit, Pohon Mawar, Pohon Ek dan Menyanyi Sepanjang Malam. Kemudian, ada sepuluh pelibat (partisipan), yaitu Pelajar muda, Burung Bulbul, Kadal Hijau kecil, Kupu-kupu, bunga Aster, Pohon Mawar Putih, Pohon Mawar Kuning, Pohon Mawar Merah, Pohon Ek dan Putri Profesor. Kemudian, peran bahasa adalah refleksi dan aksi, dan bahasa ditulis sebagai monolog, dialog, dan aksi yang sedang berjalan.
x
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Context of Situation: Register Theory ... 9
2.2Relevance Studies ... 27
CHAPTER III. METHOD OF RESEARCH 2.3Research Design ... 30
2.4Data and Sources of Data ... 30
2.5Data Collection Method ... 30
2.6Data Analysis Method ... 31
CHAPTER IV. ANALYSIS AND FINDING 2.7Data Analysis ... 32
2.8Findings and Discussion ... 52
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 2.9Conclusion ... 60
2.10 Sugestion ... 61
REFERENCES ... 62
