Laporan Leaching Fix

(1)

OPERASI TEKNIK KIMIA II OPERASI TEKNIK KIMIA II

MATERI : MATERI : LEACHING LEACHING Disusun Oleh : Disusun Oleh : Nama

Nama : : Siva FauziahSiva Fauziah NIM

NIM : 011: 011300357300357

JJuurruussaann : : TTeekknnookkiimmiia a NNuukklliir r Kelomok

Kelomok : : !! "

"eekkaan n KKeerr##aa : : 11$ $ %%eerra a %%eerr&&ii''aann((ii )$

)$ Jul*in(ara Jul*in(ara SariraSarira Ta

Tan++al n++al ,rak(ikum ,rak(ikum : : 1- 1- Mei Mei )015)015 .

.ssiiss((eenn : : IIrr$ $ //ii''aa((mmii

SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNOLOGI NUKLIR SEKOLAH TINGGI TEKNOLOGI NUKLIR

BADAN TENAGA NUKLIR NASIONAL BADAN TENAGA NUKLIR NASIONAL

YOGYAKARTA YOGYAKARTA

2015 2015

(2)

LEACHING

I$ Tu#uan:

Memisahkan sua(u komonen &ari amuran za( a&a( &en+an men++unakan za( air (er(en(u se*a+ai elaru($

II$ Dasar Teori

eahin+ meruakan sua(u me(o&e 'an+ (ea( un(uk memisahkan a&a(an amuran 'an+ (erkon(ak &en+an elaru( air$ ,roses ini &ilakukan un(uk men+am*il 2 men&aa(kan *a+ian &ari a&a(an (erse*u( le*ih *erhar+a &ari a&a(ann'a4 &en+an laru(an 'an+ han'a laru( a&a *a+ian 'an+ in+in &iam*il$ eahin+ *an'ak &i+unakan a&a in&us(ri me(alur+i 'ai(u &i+unakan un(uk memisahkan sua(u mineral &ari sua(u *a(uan$ eahin+ &aa( &iker#akan seara *a(h semi*a(h a(au seara kon(in'u$

Teknik oerasi 'an+ *iasa &i+unakan un(uk roses leahin+ a&alah sra'in+ a(au aliran li6ui& &an menelu za( a&a( seluruhn'a ke&alam za( air a(au &aa( ula &i+unakan *e*eraa (in+ka( (a*un+ solven( &ialirkan &ari (a*un+ (era(as kemu&ian men+alir ke (a*un+ &i*aahn'a$ %al ini &imaksu&kan a+ar luas ermukaan *i&an+ kon(ak semakin *esar sehin++a akan menin+ka(kan e88isiensi leahin+$

,roses leahin+ (er&iri &ari 3 *a+ian 'ai(u :

1$ ,roses eru*ahan 8asa &ari solu(e saa( (erlaru( ke &alam elaru( a&a(9air4 Dari *en(uk a&a( ke &alam *en(uk air

)$ Di8usi &ari solu(e melalui elaru( &alam a&a(an 'an+ keluar melalui ori9ori a&a(an ,elaru(n'a masuk ke ori9ori karena a&a *e&a konsen(rasi &ari (in++i menu#u ren&ah$ 3$ ,erin&ahan solu(e &ari laru(an2elaru( &alam kon(akn'a &en+an ar(ikel ke laru(an

u(ama$

a( 'an+ mau &i leahin+ melaru( ke seluruh laru(an$

;88isiensi leahin+ a&alah er*an&in+an #umlah solu(e 'an+ (eram*il oleh elaru( &en+an #umlah solu(e &alam soli& mula9mula sehin++a &aa( &i(ulis :

;88 eahin+ < #umlah solu(e &alam solven(4 = 100> #umlah solu(e &alam soli& aal4

III$ .la( &an ?ahan Ker#a 1$ .la( Ker#a

(3)

Sokle( ,en&in+in /elas *eker @aan ,ie( ukur Ker(as sarin+ ,iknome(er ?ule( Sreen %o(la(e Sen&ok sun+u )$ ?ahan ker#a • /aram • ,asir • .ir IA$an+kah Ker#a

1$ Se*an'ak !5 +ram +aram &an 50 +ram asir &i amur$ )$ @amuran &i*un+kus &en+an men++unakan ker(as sarin+$ 3$ @amuran (erse*u( &i*asahi &en+an a6ua&es($

!$ @amuran 'an+ (elah &i*un+kus (erse*u( &imasukkan ke &alam sokle($ 5$ "an+kaian ala( leahin+ 'an+ akan &i+unakan &isusun$

B$ .6ua&es( &en+an volume 170 ml &imasukkan ke &alam la*u leher (i+a 'an+ su&ah (erasan+ a&a ran+kaian ala( leahin+$

7$ ,emanas lis(rik &an aliran air en&in+in &ihi&ukam$

-$ Se(ia uman men+alir ke &alam la*u leher (i+a &iama(i &an &ia(a( ak(un'a$ C$ Densi(as2(i(ik &i&ih se(ia a&a enam*ahan &ari (a*un+ uman &iaa(

A$ Da(a ,en+ama(an

• Massa asir < 500)57 +ram • Massa +aram < !50!11 +ram • Aolume air < 170 m

• Mesh 35 aer(ure < 0500 mm

• Massa ikno koson+ < 101B!) +ram • Massa ,iknoa6ua&es( < 153))- +ram • T a6ua&es( < )70@

(4)

1$ ,em*ua(an kurva s(an&ar

Massa /aram +r4 Massa ,iknome(er+aram +r4

50115 15B1-5 1501!C 15C)30 )501)0 1B1B07 35013! 1B!1-1 !50077 1B!7-B )$ ,roses eahin+

ak(u meni(4 Massa ,iknome(erlaru(an +r4

0 15-!3C

5

15-57-10 15-C77

AI$ ,erhi(un+an

1$ ,enen(uan Kurva S(an&ar

Massa iknome(er koson+ < 101B!) +ram Massa iknome(er  a6ua&es < 153))- +ram

E a6ua&es( )70_{@4 < 0CCB513 +r2ml}

ρ=

(

massa piknometer+aquades

)

−massa piknometer kosong

volume piknometer volume piknometer=15,3228gr−10,1642gr

0,996513gr/_ml

volume piknometer=_5,1764_{m L}

Densi(as laru(an +aram

ρ=massa larutan−massa pikno kosong

volume pikno

ρ=15,6185gr−10,1642gr

5,1767mL

ρ=_1,0536_gr/_{m L}

Den+an ara 'an+ sama a&a &a(a 'an+ *er*e&a &ieroleh : Massa +aram +r4 Massa ikno+aram +r4 _{ρ +r2m4}

50115 15B1-5 1053B

1501!C 15C)30 111)!

)501)0 1B1B07 115-!

35013! 1B!1-1 1)0-1

(5)

1)1C-0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 f(x) = 0x + 1.04 R² = 0.96

Grafk Hubungan antara Konsentrasi dan Densitas

Konsentrasi (%) Densitas (gr/mL)

)$ ,roses eahin+

• Densi(as laru(an 0 meni(4

massa laru(an  ikno : 15-!3C +ram massa ikno : 101B!) +ram volume ikno : 517B7 m

E <

massalarutan−_{massa pikno kosong}

volume pikno

<

15,8439gr−_10,1642_gr

5,1767ml

< 10C7) +ram2ml

Den+an ara 'an+ sama &en+an &a(a 'an+ *er*e&a &ieroleh hasil :

0 10C7)

5 10CCC

(6)

Dari &a(a &ia(as &aa( &i *ua( +ra8ik hu*un+an ak(u &an &ensi(as 0 2 4 6 " 10 12 1.09 1.1 1.1 1.11 1.11 f(x) = 0x + 1.1 R² = 0.93

Grafk Hubungan Waktu dan Densitas

Waktu (menit) Densitas (gr/mL)

• massa +aram &alam laru(an

&ari kurva s(an&ar an(ara massa +aram &en+an &ensi(as a&a +aram &ieroleh ersamaan

' < 000!= 10!3 ' < &ensi(as laru(an

= < massa +aram 'an+ (erlaru( maka x= y−1,043 0,004 x=1,0972−1,043 0,004 < 1355 +ram

• Ka&ar laru(an konsen(rasi4

massa +aram (erlaru( < 1355 +ram volume solven < 170 ml

ka&ar <

massa garam terlarut volume solven

¿13,55gram

170ml

< 007C7 +ram2m

Den+an ara 'an+ sama &en+an &a(a 'an+ *er*e&a &ieroleh hasil : Waktu #$nsentrasi

(7)

0 007C7

5 00-37

10 00C5

Dari &a(a &ia(as &aa( &i *ua( +ra8ik hu*un+an ak(u vs konsen(rasi

0 2 4 6 " 10 12 0.0% 0.0" 0.0" 0.09 0.09 0.1 0.1 f(x) = 0x + 0.0" R² = 0.93

Grafk Hubungan Waktu dan Konsentrasi

Waktu (menit) Konsentrasi (gr/mL)

• ;8isiensi

massa +aram (erlaru( : 1355 +ram massa +aram &lm soli& : !50!11 +ram

G <

massa garam terlarut

massa garam dlmsolid x100

<

13,55 gram

40,0411gram x100

< 33-! >

Den+an ara 'an+ sama a&a &a(a 'an+ *er*e&a &ieroleh hasil : ak(u

meni(4 ;88 >4

0 33-!

5 3553

10 !033

(8)

0 2 4 6 " 10 12 30 32 34 36 3" 40 42 f(x) = 0.65x + 33.32 R² = 0.93

Grafk Hubungan Waktu dan Efsiensi

Waktu (menit) Efsiensi (%)

AII$ ,em*ahasan

,rak(ikum ini *er(u#uan un(uk me misahkan sua(u komonen &ari amuran za( a&a( &en+an men++unakan za( air (er(en(u se*a+ai elaru($ eahin+ meruakan sua(u me(o&e 'an+ &i+unakan un(uk memisahkan a&a(an amuran 'an+ (erkon(ak &en+an elaru( air$

,a&a rak(ikum ini &i+unakan uman *erua soli& &an solu(e soli& 'an+ &i+unakan a&alah asir se&an+kan solu(e 'an+ &i+unakan a&alah +aram &aur kasar$ Se&an+kan solven 'an+ &i+unakan a&alah air en++unaan air ini &ikarenakan air &aa( melaru(kan +aram 'an+ in+in &iisahkan namun (i&ak &aa( melaru(kan asir$

Se*elum roses leahin+ &imulai (erle*ih &ahulu &ilakukan em*ua(an &ere( s(an&ar &en+an variasi konsen(rasi laru(an &an &iukur &ensi(asn'a$ Dere( ini kemu&ian &i*ua( +ra8ik &an &i+unakan un(uk menari massa +aram &alam laru(an$ ?er&asarkan +ra8ik ini &ike(ahui *aha semakin *esar konsen(rasi laru(an maka akan semakin *esar &ensi(as &ari laru(an

(erse*u($

,asir 'an+ &i+unakan 'ai(u 50 +ram se&an+kan +aram !5 +ram$ ,asir 'an+ &i+unakan (erle*ih &ahulu &i a'ak a+ar &iame(er asir 'an+ &iumankan le*ih sera+am &an keil$ Karena &iame(er *ahan men#a&i le*ih keil maka s(ruk(ur asir akan men#a&i le*ih a&a( &an orosi(asn'a keil sehin++a men'e*a*kan aliran laru(an +aram 'an+ melea(i asir akan semakin lama$

Selan#u(n'a 'ai(u roses lehin+$ ,roses ini &i+unakan un(uk memisahkan amuran +aram &an asir$ /aram &an asir &i*un+kus men++unakan ker(as sarin+ lalu &i(e(eskan &en+an air samai ker(as sarin+ (ese*u( *asah (u#uan &i*asahakan &en+an air a&alah se*a+ai

(9)

a&an'a solven 'ai(u air 'an+ &aa( melaru(kan +aram$ Ha air 'an+ (elah &ianaskan akan &i&in+inkan lalu mene(es a&a ker(as sarin+ sehin++a &aa( melaru(kan +aram 'an+ a&a a&a ker(as sarin+ (erse*u( lalu laru(an ini akan kem*ali ke la*u leher (i+a &an *eramur

&en+an air$ Hman +aram 'an+ &i+unakan se*an'ak !5 +ram sehin++a mem*u(uhkan driving force a(au +a'a &oron+ 'an+ le*ih *esar un(uk mem*aa laru(an (erse*u( menu#u la*u leher (i+a$ ,roses leahin+ &ilakukan samai men&aa(kan (i+a &a(a &ensi(as laru(an selama selan+ ak(u 5 meni($

?er&asarkan erhi(un+an &ike(ahui *aha semakin *esar ak(u maka akan semakin *esar &ensi(as hal ini &ikarenakan semakin *esar ak(u maka akan semakin *an'ak laru(an

+aram 'an+ mene(es a&a la*u leher (i+a sehin++a kea&a(an laru(an (erse*u( men#a&i le*ih *esar ula$ Selain i(u &ike(ahui ula konsen(rasi laru(an a&a ak(u 0 meni 5 meni( &an 10

meni( *er(uru(9(uru( 'ai(u 007C7 +r2m 00-37 +r2m &an 00C5 +r2m$ Da(a (erse*u( menu#ukkan *aha konsen(rasi akan semakin *esar seirin+ &en+an *esarn'aak(u$ %al ini #u+a &ikarenakan a&an'a laru(an 'an+ mene(es a&a la*u leher (i+a akan semakin *an'ak

sehin++a laru(an (erse*u( akan memen+aruhi keeka(an laru(an se*elumn'a maka semakin *esar ak(u maka akan semakin *an'ak laru(an +aram 'an+ mene(es &an semakin *esar ula konsen(rasin'a$ ?esarn'a konsen(rasi menun#ukkan *aha semakin *an'ak za( (erlaru(

'an+ a&a a&a la*u leher (i+a semakin *an'ak za( (erlaru( +aram4 *erar(i semakin *an'ak emisahan 'an+ &ihasilkan &an akan semakin *esar e8isiensi leahin+$

AIII$ Kesimulan

1$ eahin+ meruakan sua(u me(o&e 'an+ (ea( un(uk memisahkan a&a(an amuran 'an+ (erkon(ak &en+an elaru( air$ ,roses ini &ilakukan un(uk men+am*il 2 men&aa(kan *a+ian &ari a&a(an (erse*u( le*ih *erhar+a &ari a&a(ann'a4 &en+an laru(an 'an+ han'a laru( a&a *a+ian 'an+ in+in &iam*il$

)$ Semakin lama ak(u roses leahin+ maka massa +aram 'an+ (erlaru( akan semakin *an'ak sehin++a konsen(rasi akan semakin *esar$

3$ Semakin lama ak(u leahin+ maka e8isiensi roses semakin *esar$

I$ Da8(ar ,us(aka

(10)

en$ikie&ia$or+2iki2eahin+hemis(r'4 en'loe&ia)$(he8ree&i(ionar'$om2eahin+

o+'akar(a )3 Mei )015

.sis(en ,rak(ikan