PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF ANGER EXPRESSIONS Pragmatic Analysis Of Anger Expressions On “An Enemy Of The People” Manuscript By Henrik Ibsen.

i

PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF ANGER EXPRESSIONS

ON “AN ENEMY OF THE PEOPLE” MANUSCRIPT

BY HENRIK IBSEN

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education

in English Department

by:

SHINTA DEWI WIKANDARI A. 320 110 217

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

APPROVAI,

PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS

OF

ANGER

EXPRESSION ON

"AN

ENEMY

OF

THE

PEOPLE" MANUSCRIPT

BY

HENDRIK

IBSEN

RESEARCH

PAPER

SIIINTA

DEWI

WIKANDARI

4320110217

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ACCEPTANCE

PRACMATTC

ANALYSIS

OF

ANOER

EXPRXSSTONS ON gAN

ENEMY

OF

TEf,

PEOPLE"

MANIISCRI}T

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TESIjMONY

HeEwilh, I lestify lhal in lhis

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v MOTTO

“Tiada kemudahan kecuali apa yang Allah jadikan mudah. Sedang yang susah bisa Allah jadikan mudah, apabila Allah menghendaki_”

(HR. Ibnu Hibban)

Lillahi Ta’aalaa

Jika Allah bisa merubah siang menjadi malam. Yakin dan percalayah…

Allah juga bisa merubah lelah menjadi berkah…

(The researcher)

Laa tahza, innallaha ma’ana

vi

DEDICATION

Affectionately and wholeheartedly this research paper is

dedicated to:

1. Allah SWT

2. My beloved parents,

3. My dearest my sister and brother,

4. My inspiring English lecturer,

5. My best friend,

vii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin, praise and gratitude only to Allah SWT, the Glorious,

the Lord and the All Mighty, the Merciful and the Compassionate, who has given bless and opportunity to the researcher to finish the research paper entitled Pragmatic Analysis of Anger Expression on “An Enemy of the People” Manuscript by Hendrik Ibsen. Greetings

and invocation are presented to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, who has guided mankind to the right path blessed by the Lord.

The researcher realizes that it is impossible to finish the research paper without any help, support, encouragement, and advice from others. This is because of her limitation. Therefore, the researcher would like to express her deepest appreciation and gratitude to the persons who have given contribution to her to finish the research paper, among others are:

1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who has given the legalization towards her research paper,

2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., Head of English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who has given the researcher permission to conduct the research,

3. Dra. Malikatul Laila, M.Hum., the first consultant who has kindly given her suggestions and corrections for the research paper she writes,

4. Dra. Siti Zuhriah Ariatmi, M.Hum., the second consultant who has guided her to improve the research paper better,

5. Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D., the examiner who has kindly given critic, suggestion, and corrections for the research paper.

6. The lecturers of English Department Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta who has helped and guided for all of their beneficial knowledge that has taught to the writer,

7. The librarians of UMS in welcoming and providing her with references,

viii

9. The writer’s sister and brother or “mbk Fika and mas Wahyu”. Thanks for being her companions through year,

10. The group of TRIO WINDI “Her self, Nurul Fadhila and Dini Kurniasari”. Thanks for being her best friend all this time, and

11. Her dearest friends in class F “Dini, Meita, Okta, Puspa, Mona, Wulan, Robeeah, Atin, Cindy, Jafar, Kunkun, Rendy, Wisnu and others” for everything that makes the writer proud to be their friend.

The researcher realizes that the research paper is far from being perfect. Therefore, she would like to send gratitude to the readers who are willing to give input in the form of suggestion or constructive criticism to make the research paper to be much better. The researcher expects this research paper would be beneficial to everyone.

Wassalamu’alaikum. Wr. Wb

Surakarta, July 2015

The researcher

x

LIST OF ABREVIATION

AEP : An Enemy of the People

OW : Old Woman

M : Man

YW : Young Woman

P : Politicians

S : Scientists

ST : Stress

I : Intonation

DIRTY : Dirty Word

IRONY : Irony

DIRECT : Direct Expression

SUMMARY

Shinta Dewi Wikandari. A320110217. PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF ANGER EXPRESSION ON “AN ENEMY OF THE PEOPLE MANUSCRIPT” BY HENDRIK IBSEN. Research Paper. School of Teacher Training and Education. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2015.

This research belongs to decsriptive qualitative research. The research purposes are to describe the causes of anger expression that appear and to explain the differences of anger expression in stress, intonation, dirty word, irony and direct expression between a man and a woman, old woman and young woman, and politicians and scientists on “An Enemy of the People” manuscript by Hendrik Ibsen. The data of this research is the expression of anger in the forms of words, sentences and information related to anger expression on “An Enemy of the People” manuscript by Henrik Ibsen. The data sources of this research are “An Enemy of the People” manuscript by Henrik Ibsen. The researcher used observation and documentation as the method of collecting data.

The results of the research show that: First, There are eight causes of anger expression that appear in “An Enemy of the People” manuscript. There are: (1) 1 datum or 1,04% belongs to being treated unfairly and feeling powerless to change it condition; (2) 1 datum or 1,04% belongs to losing out when money is at stake; (3) 1 datum or 1,04% belongs to being interrupted when pursuing a goal; (4) 5 data or 5,21% belongs to being verbally or physically assaulted; (5) 10 data or 10,42% belongs to facing a threat to the selves or the loved ones; (6) 16 data or 16,67% belongs to suffering a blow to the participant or the place within a social group ; (7) 30 data or 31,25% belongs to someone going against a principle that the people consider important; and (8) 32 data or 33,33% belongs to feeling disappointed by someone else or in the selves.

Second, a man and a woman, old woman and young woman, and politicians and scientists expresses the anger on “An Enemy of the People” manuscript, used: (1) stress; (2) intonation; (3) dirty word; (4) irony; and (5) direct expression.

a) A man expresses his anger using stress, high intonation, dirty word, irony and direct expression more than a woman.

b) An old woman expresses her anger using stress, high intonation, dirty word, irony and direct expression more than an old woman.

c) Politicians expresses his anger stress, high intonation, dirty word, irony and direct expression more than politicians.

Keyword: Pragmatic, Causes of Anger Expression, Stress, Intonation, Dirty Word, Irony, Direct Expression.

TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER ... i

APPROVAL ... ii

ACCEPTANCE ... iii

TESTIMONY ……….. vi

MOTTO ……….………... v

DEDICATION ……… vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... vii

LIST OF ABREVIATION... ix

SUMMARY ………...……… x

TABLE OF CONTENT ... xi

LIST OF THE TABLE ... xiii

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ... 1

A. Background of the Study ... 1

B. Limitation of the Study ... 4

C. Problem Statements ... ... 5

D. Objectives of the Study ... 5

E. Benefit of the Study ... 5

F. Research Paper Organization ... 6

CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY ... 7

A. Previous Study ... 7

B. Notion of Pragmatics ... 9

C. Principle of Pragmatic... 10

D. Speech Act ... 11

E. Speech Act Classification... 12

F. Expressive ... 13

G. Expression of Anger... 15

H. Gender and Anger ... 17

I. Suprasegmental Phonology ... 19

J. Dirty Word ... 19

K. Irony ... 19

L. Direct Expression ... 20

M. Ascpects of Speech Situations ... 20

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ... 22

A. Type of Research ... 22

B. Object of the Research ... 22

C. Data and Data Source ... 22

D. Techniques of Collecting Data ... 22

E. Techniques of Analyzing Data ... 23

CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 24

A. Research Finding ... 24

1.The Causes of Anger Expression that appear in “An Enemy of the People” Manuscript ... 24

2. The Differences of Anger Expression in Stress, Intonation, Dirty Word, Irony, Direct Expression between a Man and a Woman, Old Woman and Young Woman, and Politicians and Scientists on “An Enemy of the People” Manuscript ... 47

B. Discussion ... 96

1.The Causes of Anger Expression that appear in “An Enemy of the People” Manuscript ... 96

2. The Differences of Anger Expression in Stress, Intonation, Dirty Word, Irony, Direct Expression between a Man and a Woman, Old Woman and Young Woman, and Politicians and Scientists on “An Enemy of the People” Manuscript ... 99

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 106

A. Conclusion ... 106

B. Suggestion ... 107

BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 108

VIRTUAL REFERENCES ... 110

APPENDIX ………...……….……….. 111

LIST OF THE TABLE

Table 4.1 Anger Expression Cause by Suffering a Blow to the

Self-Esteem ... 36

Table 4.2 Anger Expression Cause by SomeoneGoing Against a Principle that the People Consider Important ... 40

Table 4.3 Anger Expression Cause by Feeling Disappointed by Someone Else ... 45

Table 4.4 A Man Expresses His Anger Using Stress……...…... 49

Table 4.5 A Woman Expresses Her Anger Using Stress ... 52

Table 4.6 Politicians Expresses His Anger Using Stress ... 56

Table 4.7 Scientists Expresses His Anger Using Stress ... 58

Table 4.8 A Man Expresses His Anger Using High Intonation ... 61

Table 4.9 A Woman Expresses Her Anger Using High Intonation ... 65

Table 4.10 Politicians Expresses His Anger Using High Intonation ... 70

Table 4.11 Scientists Expresses His Anger Using High Intonation ... 72

Table 4.12 A Man Expresses His Anger Using Dirty Word ... 75

Table 4.13 Scientists Expresses His Anger Using Dirty Word ... 82

Table 4.14 A Man Expresses His Anger Using Direct Expression ... 91

Table 4.15 The Causes of Anger Expression that Appear ... 98

Table 4.16 Stress and High Intonation Used to Express the Anger between a Man and a Woman ... 101

Table 4.17 Dirty Word, Irony and Direct Expression Used to Express the Anger between a Man and a Woman ... 101

Table 4.18 Stress and High Intonation Used to Express the Anger between Old Woman and Young Woman ... 102

Table 4.19 Dirty Word, Irony and Direct Expression Used to Express the Anger Old Woman and Young Woman ... 103

Table 4.20 Stress and High Intonation Used to Express the Anger between Politicinas and a Scientists ... 104

Table 4.21 Dirty Word, Irony and Direct Expression Used to Express the Anger between Politicians and Scientists ... 104