KESAN NEGATIF GLOBALISASI TERHADAP WANITA ISLAM DAN PENYELESAIANNYA
Kamarul Azmi Jasmi
Nur Amirah Mohd Rashid
Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Suggested Citation:
Jasmi, K. A. & Nur Amirah Mohd Rashid (20
08
). Kesan Negatif Globalisasi terhadap
Wanita Islam dan Penyelesaiannya in
Isu Wanita dalam Perundangan Islam.
Skudai, Johor
Baru: Universiti Teknologi Press, pp. 108-129. ISBN: 978-983-52-0506-4.
Pendahuluan
Menurut Kamus Dewan Edisi Ketiga, globalisasi bermaksud fenomena yang menyebabkan dunia kelihatan mengecil daripada segi perhubungan manusia disebabkan kepantasan perkembangan teknologi maklumat. Menurut Martin (1990) dalam Fariza (2000), globalisasi merujuk kepada semua proses yang mana manusia di dunia ini akan bersatu dan menjadikannya satu masyarakat dunia (single word society) atau masyarakat global (Fariza Md. Sham, et. al, 2000:13).
Ini bermakna, globalisasi merupakan satu proses; bukan keadaan di mana sempadan negeri semakin runtuh dan seluruh dunia ini berubah menjadi satu unit. Dengan perkembangan telekomunikasi yang canggih dan pengaruh teknologi maklumat termasuk wujudnya ‘masyarakat internet’ di seluruh dunia, maka pengaliran maklumat berlaku dengan begitu pantas, sukar dikawal dan mempengaruhi pelbagai aspek kehidupan terutamanya terhadap kaum wanita Islam.
Globalisasi dalam bahasa Perancis iaitu monodialisation yang bermakna menjadikan sesuatu bersifat internasional. Menurut Yusuf al-Qaradhawi, perkataan monodialisation ini merupakan terjemahan daripada bahasa Inggeris iaitu globalization yang pertama kali muncul di Amerika (al-Qaradhawi, 2001:23). John Naisbitt menggunakan istilah globalization dalam pelbagai bidang seperti ekonomi, politik, sosial, komunikasi dan lain-lain yang membawa maksud luas, menyeluruh dan meliputi keseluruhannya (Ghazali Darussalam, 1998:108).
Menurut al-Qaradhawi, “Globalisasi juga bermakna pemaksaan yang dilakukan oleh Amerika terhadap bangsa-bangsa di dunia dan tidak terkecuali negara-negara Islam untuk menerima budaya dan pemikiran Barat yang berdasarkan kepada falsafah kebendaan dan kebebasan hingga kepada pemikiran ‘serba boleh’.” Oleh itu, globalisasi yang berlaku pada hari ini lebih dikenali sebagai westernisasi dunia atau dengan ungkapan lain, Amerikasasi dunia (al-Qaradhawi, 2001:28).
Kesan globalisasi ini bukan sahaja menimpa umat Islam pada masa kini, namun ia telah dijelaskan oleh Rasulullah s.a.w. sejak 1400 tahun yang lalu.Abu Said r.a melaporkan, Rasulullah s.a.w. bersabda: “Sudah pastinya kamu akan mengikut cara hidup umat sebelum kamu sejengkal demi sejengkal, sehasta demi sehasta sehingga jika mereka masuk ke lubang Dhab sekalipun, kamu tetap mengikutnya.” Kami bertanya, “Wahai Rasulullah, adakah tuan maksudkan orang Yahudi dan Nasrani?” Rasulullah menjawab. “Siapa lagi (kalau bukan mereka).” (al-Bukhari, 1994:190/8; Muslim, 2001:1000)
Hadith tersebut menjelaskan, umat Nabi Muhammad s.a.w. akan mengikut cara hidup kaum Yahudi dan Nasrani sedikit demi sedikit. Gambaran inilah yang terjadi pada masa kini dalam era globalisasi yang dipelopori oleh masyarakat di barat sehingga menimbulkan pergolakan dalam kehidupan seharian sebagai seorang muslim. Jika hendak dibahaskan tentang kesan globalisasi terhadap masyarakat, ruang lingkupnya amat luas. Oleh itu, penulis hanya akan membincangkan tentang kesan-kesan negatif globalisasi terhadap wanita Islam dalam kehidupan seharian.
Wanita merupakan tunggak dalam keluarga dan berperanan penting bagi mendidik anak-anak. Sekiranya wanita telah terpengaruh dengan dakyah-dakyah yang dibawa oleh egen-egen globalisasi, bagaimana untuk membentuk anak-anak menjadi manusia yang soleh? Persoalan ni perlu dibincangkan supaya kesan negatif ini tidak terus menular dan ‘mengasyikkan’ wanita muslimah.
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