ABSTRACT
Manonsih, Phillia Anugrah. (2016). TheAnalysis of Swear Words Usage Uttered by Female Characters As Seen in 4.3.2.1 Movie. Yogyakarta: Sanata Dharma University.
The use of swear words is easily found in people’s nowadays interaction. People tend to use swear words since they can be used to express anger, confusion, frustration, disappointment, joy and sometimes surprise. In nowadays interaction, swear words are used by both men and women. It is true that man generally curse more than women. This means that women have a limited chance to swear or utter dirty words because women tend to be calm, soft and decent people. However, the presence of swear words which are uttered by women still happens. The researcher is interested to dig out the use of some English swear words which are used by female characters in a movie.
Using swear words is preferred since they could convey feelings. However, sometimes the meaning of the swear words which are uttered is ignored. Therefore, this study aims to show several types of swear words uttered by female characters and the reasons why the female characters swear in a movie. Through this research, it is expected that language users would use swear words properly. The movie chosen is 4.3.2.1 movie. This movie was chosen because the main characters are women who use swear words in their dialogue frequently.
This research belongs to discourse analysis. The researcher uses discourse analysis to analyze swear words which are found in 4.3.2.1 movie. In this study, the researcher analyzes the transcript of 4.3.2.1. movie.
To answer the first research question, the researcher found that there are four types of swear words which are uttered by female characters in the 4.3.2.1 movie they are expletive swear words, abusive swear word, humorous swear words, and auxiliary swear words – with auxiliary swear words being the most prominent type of swear words employed by the female characters in the movie. To answer the second research question, the researcher found three reasons for swearing used by female characters in the movie which are psychological reason, social reason, and linguistic reason. The data of this study reveals that psychological reason is the most preferred type of swear word used by the female characters since it could express the characters’ feelings.
ABSTRAK
Manonsih, Phillia Anugrah. (2016). The Analaysis of Swear Words Usage Uttered by Female Characters As Seen in 4.3.2.1 Movie. Yogyakarta: Sanata Dharma University.
Penggunaan swear words (kata-kata umpatan) dengan mudah dapat ditemukan dalam interaksi sehari-hari. Orang-orang cenderung menggunakan swear words (kata-kata umpatan) karena dapat digunakan untuk menungkapkan amarah, kebingungan, keputusasaan, kekecewaan, kebahagiaan, dan juga keterkejutan. Pada interaksi sekarang, swear words (kata-kata umpatan) digunakan oleh kaum pria dan juga kaum wanita. Benar adanya bahwa pria mengumpat lebih banyak daripada wanita. Itu berarti wanita mempunyai kesempatan lebih sedikit untuk mengumpat karena wanita cenderung lebih tenang, lembut, dan sopan. Tetapi, munculnya swear words (kata-kata umpatan) yang digunakan oleh wanita masih terjadi. Oleh sebab itu, peneliti tertarik untuk menggali penggunaan English swear words (kata-kata umpatan Bahasa Inggris) yang digunakan oleh tokoh wanita dalam sebuah film.
Menggunakan swear words (kata-kata umpatan) dipilih karena kata-kata tersebut dapat mewakili perasaan penggunanya. Akan tetapi, terkadang arti dari swear words (kata-kata umpatan) terabaikan. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperlihatakan beberapa tipe dari swear words (kata-kata umpatan) yang digunakan oleh tokoh wanita dan juga mengetahui alasan para tokoh wanita tersebut mengumpat dalam sebuah film. Melalui penelitian ini, diharapkan sebagai pengguna bahasa, kita dapat menggunakan swear words (kata-kata umpatan) sewajarnya.Film yang dipilih adalah 4.3.2.1. Film ini dipilih karena tokoh utama dalam film ini adalah wanita yang berulangkali menggunakan swear words (kata-kata umpatan) dalam dialog mereka.
Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan discourse analisis. Peneliti menggunakan discourse analisis untuk menganalisis swear words (kata-kata umpatan) yang ditemukan di film 4.3.2.1 Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menganalisis transkrip dari film 4.3.2.1.
Untuk menjawab pertanyaan pertama, peneliti menemukan empat tipe swear words (kata-kata umpatan) yang diucapkan oleh tokoh wanita di film 4.3.2.1. yaitu expletive swear words, abusive swear words, humorous swear words dan auxiliary swear words sebagai tipe yang paling menonjol yang digunakan oleh tokoh wanita dalam film. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan kedua, peneliti menemukan tiga alasan untuk menumpat yang digunakan oleh tokoh wanita dalam film tersebut yaitu psychological reason, social reason, dan linguistic reason. Data dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa psychological reason adalah alasan yang paling sering digunakan oleh tokoh wanita dalam film karena dapat mengunggakpan emosi.
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M (2016) .TheAnalysi so fSwea rWord sUsageUttered . e i v o M 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 n i n e e S s A s r e t c a r a h C e l a m e F y
b Yogyaka tra: Sanata Dharma . y ti s r e v i n U t n i s y a d a w o n s ’ e l p o e p n i d n u o f y li s a e s i s d r o w r a e w s f o e s u e h
T eraciton .
s s e r p x e o t d e s u e b n a c y e h t e c n i s s d r o w r a e w s e s u o t d n e t e l p o e
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e s ir p r u s s e m it e m o s d n a y o j ,t n e m t n i o p p a s i d , n o it a rt s u r f , n o i s u f n o
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h dig ou tthe use o fsome Engilsh swea r . e i v o m a n i s r e t c a r a h c e l a m e f y b d e s u e r a h c i h w s d r o w . s g n il e e f y e v n o c d l u o c y e h t e c n i s d e r r e f e r p s i s d r o w r a e w s g n i s U s i d e r e tt u e r a h c i h w s d r o w r a e w s e h t f o g n i n a e m e h t s e m it e m o s , r e v e w o H u t s s i h t , e r o f e r e h T . d e r o n g
i dy aimst o show severalt ype so fswea rword suttered n i r a e w s s r e t c a r a h c e l a m e f e h t y h w s n o s a e r e h t d n a s r e t c a r a h c e l a m e f y
b a movie .
s d r o w r a e w s e s u d l u o w s r e s u e g a u g n a l t a h t d e t c e p x e s i ti , h c r a e s e r s i h t h g u o r h T s i n e s o h c e i v o m e h T . y lr e p o r
p 4.3.2.1movie .Thismoviewa schosenbecauset he . y lt n e u q e r f e u g o l a i d r i e h t n i s d r o w r a e w s e s u o h w n e m o w e r a s r e t c a r a h c n i a m o t s g n o l e b h c r a e s e r s i h
T discourseanalysis .Ther esearche ruse sdiscourse n i d n u o f e r a h c i h w s d r o w r a e w s e z y l a n a o t s i s y l a n
a 4.3.2.1 movie .In thi sstudy , f o t p ir c s n a rt e h t s e z y l a n a r e h c r a e s e r e h
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e r a e r e h t t a h t d n u o f r e h c r a e s e r e h t , n o it s e u q h c r a e s e r t s ri f e h t r e w s n a o T s e p y t r u o
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T und three reason sfo r , n o s a e r l a c i g o l o h c y s p e r a h c i h w e i v o m e h t n i s r e t c a r a h c e l a m e f y b d e s u g n ir a e w s t a h t s l a e v e r y d u t s s i h t f o a t a d e h T . n o s a e r c it s i u g n il d n a , n o s a e r l a i c o s e l a m e f e h t y b d e s u d r o w r a e w s f o e p y t d e r r e f e r p t s o m e h t s i n o s a e r l a c i g o l o h c y s p .s g n il e e f ’ s r e t c a r a h c e h t s s e r p x e d l u o c t i e c n i s s r e t c a r a h c : s d r o w y e
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d oleh kaum pria dan juga kaum wantia .Bena radanya bahwa pria it r a r e b u tI . a ti n a w a d a p i r a d k a y n a b h i b e l t a p m u g n e
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t swea rwords (kata-kata umpatan ) n a k a n u g i d g n a
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b swea rwords (kata-kata t h e l o n a k a n u g i d g n a y ) n a t a p m
u okoh wantia dan juga mengetahu ialasan para t u b e s r e t a ti n a w h o k o
t mengumpa tdalam sebuah flim .Melalu ipeneilitan ini , n a k a n u g g n e m t a p a d a ti k , a s a h a b a n u g g n e p i a g a b e s n a k p a r a h i
d swea rwords
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d auxiilary swea rword ssebaga i itpe yang pailng menonjo lyang digunakan a u d e k n a a y n a t r e p b a w a j n e m k u t n U . m li f m a l a d a ti n a w h o k o t h e l
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d yatiu psychologica l reason , socia lreason ,dan ilnguisitc . n o s a e
r Data dalam peneilitan in i menunjukkan bahwa psychologica l reason
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e h t , r e v e w o H . ) 2 6 4 . p , 6 0 0 2 , s e h g u H ( e s u l a r e n e g r o f d e ti b i h o r p e r o f e r e h t t p e c n o
c o ftaboo grow sin age sadapitng the cutlura lcontext swhich bound the s i h c i h w e u l a v l a r o m e h t s e d u l c n i o s l a t x e t n o c e h T . y t e i c o s e h t d n a e r u tl u c a s A . ) 8 2 . p , 9 0 0 2 , n a w a i n r u K n i d e ti c s a ( y t e i c o s a n i h ti w d e d d e b m e d n a d e t p a d a n a t s r e d n u t n e s e r p e h t ,t l u s e
r dingaboutt aboosomehowdfifersf romt hecontexti n . y t e i c o s e h t y b d e t p e c c a y lt s ri f s a w d r o w t a h t h c i h w n a c h c i h w r u o i v a h e b s ’ e n o n o n o it c ir t s e r l a i c o s m o r f s e t a n i g ir o o o b a T c n i S . ) 1 . p , 6 0 0 2 , e g d ir r u B d n a n a ll A ( y r u j n i d n a , m r a h , s s e n i s a e n u t u o b a g n ir
b ei t
d i o v a o t d e s o p p u s e r a y t e i c o s e h t n i e l p o e p y r u j n i d n a , m r a h , s s e n i s a e n u s g n ir b d e n r e c n o c a s a o o b a t s e n if e d l li g d u r T . e s n e s r a g l u v a s a h h c i h w y ll a i c e p s e , o o b a t s a d e d r a g e r r o n e d d i b r o f y ll a r u t a n r e p u s e b o t d e v e il e b s i h c i h w r u o i v a h e b h ti w r o l a r o m m
i imprope;r i tdeal swtih behaviou rwhich i sprohibtied or i nhibtied i n t a h t s g n i h t h ti w d e t a i c o s s a s i o o b a t , e g a u g n a l n I . r e n n a m l a n o it a r ri y lt n e r a p p a n a t o n d l u o h
s be said ,and word so rexpression tha tshould no tbe used (Trudgill , .) 8 1 . p , 0 0 0
2 Therefore , therei sar elaitonshipbetween t aboo behaviou rand also s a d e r e d i s n o c e r a y e h t e s u a c e b e s u o t d e ti b i h o r p e r a m e h t f o h t o b . s d r o w o o b a t t x e t n o c t n e s e r p n i o o b a t t a h t s ti m d a s e h g u H , s e d i s e B . r e p o r p m i d n a l a r o m m i t s e r d n a s n o it i b i h o r p e m o s o t n i s m r o f s n a
rt irciton svaryingi n al lsociety( 2006 ,p . h c i h w f o s n o i g e r t n e r e f fi d n i s o o b a t t n e r e f fi d e r a e r e h t t a h t s e t a c i d n i t I . ) 2 6 4 n w o s ti s a h e r u tl u c y r e v e t a h t s e t a t s o s l a n a m ri a F , e n il n I .t c n it s i d o s l a e r a s e r u tl u c e r e r a s t c a o o b a T . s d r o w o o b a t d n a s t c a o o b a
1 1 t l u a c u o F . t s e c n i s i a n e m o n e h p o o b a t f o s e s a c r a l u p o p t s o m e h t f o e n O n a ir o t c i V y b o o b a t s a d e n if e d s i x e s t a h t s n i a l p x
e regime .Att hebeginningoft he e m e h t x e s e h t , y r u t n e c h t n e e t n e v e
s s w eremoref reelyspoken ,discussed ,o reven s r e tt a m l a u x e s d e t a l u g e r h c i h w s e d o c e h t d e t s i x e d a h e r e h t , y ll a u t c A . d e m r o f r e p s a w x e s t u o b a n o i s s u c s i d e h t , n e h t t u B . ) 3 . p , 8 7 9 1 , t u l a c u o F
( then pu tinto
n i d e s s u c s i d e b y l n o t s u m x e s t u o b a c i p o T . d e l a e c n o c s a w t i d n a e c n e li s . p , 8 7 9 1 , t u l a c u o F ( p i h s r o s n e c t a h t n i e l o r k o o t o s l a y ti n a it s ir h C s a l a n o i s s e f n o c c il b u p n i )t n e c e d n i d e m i a l c n e e b d a h h c i h w ( x e s f o t c e j b u s a g n ir e tt u n e v E . ) 0 2 c d l u o
w os tdeath penatly .I twa sunit l1617 people were burned t o death as t he o t e u D .) 0 3 . p , 9 0 0 2 , n a w a i n r u K n i d e ti c s a ( s d r o w t n e c e d n i g n i y a s r o f n o it c n a s ) 5 0 0 2 ( o d r a tt A d n a n w o r B , t n e c e d n i s a d e m i a l c d n a , r e p o r p m i ,l a r o m m i s i t a h w s l l a n i t s o m l a t a h t e t a t
s ociety ,taboo word sare usually u ttered in the form o f l a i c a r ,r u o i v a h e b g n i k a e r b o o b a t ,s n a g r o y r o t e r c x e , s n a g r o e v it c u d o r p e r r o l a u x e s e k il s d r o w o o b a t e v a h e l p o e p n a c ir e m A . y m e h p s a l b d n a , s r u l
s dick ,shti ,asshole , . c t e , k c u f r a p e s e b t o n n a c o o b a t ,t e
Y atedf romt hecontex to fcutlure .Wajnrybstate s s n i a l p x e n e h t e h S . r e g n a d f o e s n e s ’ s d r o w e h t s e c n e u lf n i t x e t n o c l a r u tl u c e h t t a h t t x e t n o c l a r u tl u c e h t d n a s d r o w e h t n e e w t e b ’ p i h s n o it a l e r e v i x e lf e r ‘ a s i e r e h t t a h t ,l a s r e v i n u t o n e r a s o o b a T . ) 2 3 . p , 6 0 0 2
( butt hey arecreated by each cutlureand ’ o o b a t‘ d r o w e h T . s o o b a t n w o s ti s a h e r u tl u c h c a e t a h t s n a e m t I . e g a u g n a l h c a e , n o it i d n o c y r o ti s n a rt r o g n i h t a r o e c a l p a n o s r e p a r e h t e h w , g n i h t y r e v e s e t o n e d rt t a s u o ir e t s y m s i h t f o e c r u o s r o e l c i h e v e h t s i h c i h
e d u l c n o c e b n a c t i , e c n e
H d thatt herearevairou sconcept sonhowt abooi s o
o t s r e d n
u d .Dfiferen tcontext so fplaceand itmeserved fiferen tmanfiestaiton so f t
e t u l o s b a o n s i e r e h t t a h t m i a l c s r o h t u a l a r e v e s y h w s i t a h T . o o b a
t aboo .Ye,t t he
s t x e t n o c l l a n i o o b a t f o a e d i e h t m o r f d e t a r a p e s e b t o n n a c ” n o it i b i h o r p “ f o n o it o n
. ) 9 0 0 2 , y a J ; 4 5 1 . p , 6 0 0 2 , e g d ir r u B d n a n a ll A (
.
2 TabooWords
n o c i p o t e h t o t d e t a l e
R swea rword s ti i sclosely related t o t aboo words . s
i y ll a u t c a d r o w r a e w
S apar toft aboo word.I tmeanst ha tno tallt abooword sare n
o rt s e r a s d r o w r a e w s , n o it i d d a n I . r a e w s o t d e s
u g affecitve connotaiton sthat g n i n a e m e v it a g e n e v a h s d r o w r a e w s ll a t o n d n a , n o it a u ti s e ti l o p n i d e s u e b t o n n a
c s
. ) 5 1 . p , l l e w h t o R n a D . J
( Inconclusion,s wea rwordi sat aboowordwhichi sused .r
a e w s o t
r o n o it i b i h o r p e h t s i o o b a t , ) 4 3 2 . p , 0 0 0 2 ( h g u a h d r a W o t g n i d r o c c A
t a h t n i s r e b m e m s ti o t l u f m r a h e b o t d e v e il e b r o i v a h e b f o y t e i c o s y n a n i e c n a d i o v a
s r o , t n e m s s a r r a b m e , y t e i x n a m e h t e s u a c d l u o w t
i hame.I nCamb irdgeDicitonaire s m
t a h t d e t a t s s i t i , e n il n
O os tsweairng and mos tuse so ftaboo expression sin y ll a i c e p s e , s e s s e c o r p y li d o b d n a y d o b e h t f o s tr a p o t r o n o i g il e r o t r e f e r h s il g n E
.t e li o t e h t g n i s u h ti w r o y ti v it c a l a u x e s h ti w d e t a i c o s s a e s o h
t Tabooeds ubject scan s r e tt a m s u o i g il e r , s n o it c n u f y li d o b , n o it e r c x e , s s e n ll i , h t a e d , x e s ; y l e d i w y r a v e b
e fi l l a i c o s f o s t c e p s a r e h t o o t d n e t x e y e h t n e tf o e ti u q t u B . l a r u t a n r e p u s e h t d n a
3 1 6
0 0 2 ( e g d ir r u B d n a n a ll
A ,p .1 )state tha t“[]taboo sairse ou to fsocia l t
n o s t n i a rt s n o
c he individua’l sbehavio rwhere can cause discomfo tr ,harm o r .
” y r u j n
i According t o Midjord (2013)i nterpret sthe reason why someword sare e
fi l n i s r e tt a m n i a tr e c h ti w d e t a i c o s s a e r a y e h t t a h t s i o o b a t d e r e d i s n o
c tha tare
e h t o t g n i o g s a h c u s , s e m it n i a tr e c t a d n a s e c a l p n i a tr e c n i o d o t e t a ir p o r p p a y l n o
t i t u B . e v i v r u s o t e l p o e p r o f r e d r o n i y ti s s e c e n l a ti v f o s i ti , e s r u o c f o , h c i h w , t e li o t
w r e p o r p e h t s s e l n u t u o b a k l a t o t e t a ir p o r p p a n i s i d n a y lt e e r c s i d e n o d s
i ord sare
e v a h y a m s e r u tl u c t n e r e f fi D . y l e d i w y r a v e b n a c s d r o w o o b a T . ) 3 2 . p ( d e s u
e r a y e h t h c i h w o t t n e t x e e h t n i e c n e r e f fi d a e b y a m e r e h t d n a , s a e r a o o b a t t n e r e f fi d
n o s s r e d n A ( o o b a t d e r e d i s n o
c & Trudgill ,1990, p .56-57) .Based on Allan and 0
2 ( e g d ir r u
B 0 , .6 p 1 )andAndersson( 1985 ,p .79) ,Rathje( 2010 ,p .133 )present ssix :
d lr o w n r e t s e W e h t n i o o b a t e b o t d e r e d i s n o c e r a t a h t s a e r a t n e r e f fi d
.
a Bodie sandt hei reflfuvia .
b Theorgan sandact sofs ex .
c Diseases ,deathandkliilng ,physica landmenta lhandicap .
d Reilgionandchurch ,namingandaddressingsacredpersons ,beings ,object sand s
e c a l p .
e Foodgathe irng ,preparaitonandconsumpiton .f Prosttiuiton ,narcoitc sandc irmina lacitvtiy
e v e il e b e w e s u a c e b t o n , d e d i o v a e r a h ti w r a il i m a f t s o m e r ’ e w s c i p o t o o b a T h
t a tany physica lo rmetaphysica lharm wli lcome to us ,bu tbecause thei ruse i s . ) 2 2 2 . p , 2 0 0 2 , e g d ir r u B ( t x e t n o c l a i c o s n e v i g a n i h ti w l u f e t s a t s i d s a d e d r a g e r
, e r o f e r e h
n u , g n it l o v e
r touchable , iftlhy ,unmenitonable ,dangerous ,disturbing ,thrliilng – bu t . ) 0 2 2 . p , 2 0 0 2 ( l u f r e w o p l l a e v o b
a Taboot erm sarer eady- ot -wea .r
.
3 SwearWords
, s d r o w r a e w S . n o it a s r e v n o c a t c u rt s n o c o t tr a p t n a tr o p m i n a s i t c a h c e e p S a e d t a e r g a n w o h s s a h , r e v e w o
h lo fcontirbu iton t o nowadaysl anguagevaireite .s t i d n a e v i s n e f f o r o e d u r s i h c i h w d r o w a s a d e n if e d s i y r a n o it c i D d r o f x O n i r a e w S d n a e d u r s i h c i h w d r o w a s i d r o w r a e w s , e r o f e r e h T . r e g n a s s e r p x e o t d e s u y ll a u s u .r e g n a s s e r p x e o t d e s u s i ti d n a e v i s n e f f
o Theuseo fswea rword swouldbemuch s i e n o e m o s e r e h w n o it a u ti s a n a h t n o it a s r e v n o c e t a v ir p n i n o m m o c e r o m n I . w e i v f o t n i o p r i e h t o t s r e h t o e d a u s r e p o t h c e e p s e e r f o t t h g ir r i e h t g n i s i c r e x e e r u tl u c n r e t s e
w , swea rword sarecommonlyusedbecausewesterncount ire svalue . h c e e p s f o m o d e e r f e h
t Western cutlure beileve s tha t sweairng i s a . d e r e v il e d g n i e b s d r o w e h t f o t c a p m i e h t s r e tl a t a h t e c i v e d n o it a c i n u m m o c o m a s d r o w e h t n o p u s tr a p m i g n ir a e w
S re powerful , immediate impac t and sweairng may draw more attention . Sweairng may more effecitvely convey
. r e g n a e k il s n o it o m
e In Western cutlure , the use o f swea r word s work s in t x e n s n o it c a r e t n i l a i c o s d n a s p i h s n o it a l e r . . s d r o w r a e w s e n if e d o t t l u c if fi d s i t i t a h t e e r g a s tr e p x e y n a m , r e v e w o H o t d e m i a l c e r a t a h t s d r o
W be swea rword sby scholar smay no tbe considered e m o S . ) 3 3 1 . p , 1 1 0 2 , e j h t a R ( s d r o w r a e w s f o s r e s u e h t g n o m a s d r o w r a e w s c it a m e t s y s a n i g n ir a e w s r o f t n u o c c a o t e l b i s s o p m i s i ti t a h t e v e il e b n e v e s tr e p x e o H . ) 4 . p , 1 1 0 2 , g n u j L ( y ti x e l p m o c s ti o t e u d r e n n a
5 1
s g n i d n if r i e h t e r a e s e h T . ) 3 5 . p , 0 9 9 1 ( n o i s s e r p x e h c i h w n i e s u e g a u g n a l f o e p y t
: s d r o w r a e w s o t d e t a l e r
.
a Referst os omethingt hati st abooand/ors tigmaitzedi nt hecutlure .
b Shouldno tbei nterpretedl tierally .
c Canbeusedt oexpresss rtongemoiton sandatttiudes .
s e d u ti tt a d n a s n o it o m e s s e r p x e o t s n a e m a s a s n o it c n u f t i , s d r o w r a e w S
n o s s r e d n A
( & Trudgill, 1990 ,p.53) .For i nstance, t he i ntejreciton on Fuck! The d
r o
w Fuck actually can be deifned a staboo word i fi tha sltiera lmeaning . d
r o w e h t n e h w , r e v e w o
H Fucki sutteredbycarryingemoitoni twli lbeconsidered e s u n e h w s d r o w n e e w t e b n o it c e n n o c o n e v a h s d r o w r a e w S . s d r o w r a e w s s
a d
2 g n u j L ( y ll a r e ti
l 011 ,p.12 .)
e r a m e h t f o h t o b d n a d r o w o o b a t f o t r a p a s i y ll a u t c a d r o w r a e w S
e s e h t s e k a m h c i h w y ti r a li m i s n i a tr e c a s i e r e h t ,r e v e w o H . s d r o w y tr i d g n i n i a t n o c
d n i k h t o b f o t o o r e h t s i y ti r a li m i s e h T . n o it i n if e d e m a s a e r a h s s d r o w f o s d n i k o w t
h c i h w d r o w f
o i semanatedf romt aboo .Kajralainen( 2002 )statest ha tatlhoughal l , e c n a t s n i r o f , m s il a b i n n a C . s d r o w r a e w s e r a o o b a t ll a t o n , o o b a t e r a s d r o w r a e w s
t n e s b a e r a e m e h t e h t m o r f d e v ir e d s d r o w r a e w s e h t t e y , s e r u tl u c e m o s n i o o b a t s i
r a e w s f o e s u e h T . ) 8 1 . p
( word shere i sspeci ifcally how t heuser suset heword s n o n h ti w d e s u e r a s d r o w o o b a T . e c n a r e tt u r i e h t o t n o it o m e r i e h t e v l o v n i d n
a –
d r o w e h T . ) 4 . p , 1 1 0 2 , g n u j L ( g n i n a e m l a r e ti
l shi t t(aboo word)r eferst o “feces” , t
a h t t u p “ e c n a r e tt u n i t u
b shtiinyou rbag!”t hewordshi t(swea rword )mightr efe r .
d n a t x e t n o c e h t g n ir e d i s n o c y b n w o n k e b n a c s d r o w r a e w s f o g n i n a e m e h T
i h w n i s y a w t n e r e f fi d e v if s t n e s e r p ) 7 0 0 2 ( r e k n i P . d e s u e r a y e h t y a w e h
t ch people
) 2 ( y l e v it p ir c s e D ) 1 ( : g n ir a e w s f o y g o l o p y t s a d e ll a c h c i h w s d r o w r a e w s e s u
P ( y ll a c it r a h t a C ) 5 ( d n a y ll a c it a h p m E ) 4 ( y l e v i s u b A ) 3 ( y ll a c it a m o i d
I inker ,2007 ,
s , s e d i s e B . ) 9 1 2 .
p wea rwords ,i tfunciton sa sa mean to expres semoiton sand s
e d u ti tt
a (Andersson & Trudgli l1990 ,p.53) .Fo rinstance ,the intejreciton on
! k c u
F The word Fuck actually can be deifned a staboo word i fi tha sltiera l d
r o w e h t n e h w , r e v e w o H . g n i n a e
m Fucki suttered by carryingemoitoni twli lbe .
s d r o w r a e w s s a d e r e d i s n o c
a e w
S r word shave no conneciton between word s when used ltierally .
) 2 1 . p , 1 1 0 2 g n u j L
( Swea rword si usefu land considered a san effecitveway so f g n o rt s g n it i c n i f o r o g n i h t e m o s t u o b a y l g n o rt s y r e v l e e f u o y t a h t g n i y e v n o c
e s u n e h w n e v e , e s l e e n o e m o s n i s g n il e e
f d outside of t hei r rtadiitona ldeifniiton s .)
7 0 0 2 , r e k n i P
(
. n o it n e tt a r u o b a r g d n a s n o it o m e g n o rt s p u r it s y l e v it c e f f e s d r o w r a e w S
e h t f o n o i s s e r p x e t c e ri d s e v l o v n i s d r o w r a e w s f o e s u e h t t a h t s t h g il h g i h g n u j L
b a g n i k a e p s s i e h s / e h t a h w e d u ti tt a s ’ r e k a e p
s ou t(2011 ,p.21) .The presence o f ) 1 ( s a h c u s s e r u t a e f e m o s e c n e g r e m e e h t y b d e if it n e d i e b t h g i m n o it c n u f e v it o m e
) 2 ( e s ir p r u s r o , n i a p , y o j , t n e m t n i o p p a s i d , r e g n a g n i s s e r p x e ; n o it c e jr e t n i
H W e v it a g o r r e t n i r e tf a d e s u y ll a u s u s i ti ; e z i s a h p m
e -wordsucha s“Whatt hef uck ”
? d u l b , g n i k n i h t u o
y (3 )Expleitve slot-iflle rsuch as i n “Look ,ea tsomechicken ”
.s s e n i s u b n m a d r u o y d n i m d n a n o l e m r e t a w e m o s r
7 1
.
4 TabooandSwearWords
a e r a h s s d r o w f o s d n i k o w t e s e h t s e k a m h c i h w y ti r a li m i s n i a tr e c a s i e r e h T
d n i k h t o b f o t o o r e h t s i y ti r a li m i s e h T . n o it i n if e d e m a
s so fword swhich come s e t a t s n e n i a l a jr a K . h t o b n e e w t e b e c n e r e f fi d a s i e r e h t , s s e l e h t e n o N . o o b a t m o r f
s d r o w r a e w s ll a h g u o h tl a t a h
t allt aboo ,no tallt abooword sares wea rword( 2002 , .
) 8 1 .
p Peopleuseswea rword saret ospecfiyt heusers ’useparitcula rwordst ha t n
o it o m e r i e h t e v l o v n
i .However ,Ljung t hinkst hat t aboo word sand swea rword s f o a ir e ti r c s ’ g n u j L m o r f n e e s e b d l u o c s e c n e r e f fi d e h T . s e s a c t n e r e f fi d o w t e r a
: s d r o w r a e w s
.
a Sweairng (utteirng swea rwords )i sthe use o futterance scontaining taboo .s
d r o w .
b Tabooword sareusedwtihnon-ltiera lmeaning. .
c Sweairng i semoitve language : ti smain funciton i sto re lfect ,o rseem to .
e d u ti tt a r o g n il e e f ’ s r e k a e p s e h t t c e lf e r
.) 4 . p , 1 1 0 2 , g n u j L (
s e d i s e
B , t abooword ha scloser elaitonshipwtihswea rwords . tIi sbecause s
d r o w r a e w
s a re considered inapprop irate in a poltie context ,exist sin mos t l a i c o s m o r f e s ir a s o o b a t c it s i u g n il n e h w s e r u tl u c d n a s e g a u g n a l )l l a t o n h g u o h tl a (
e v o e r o M . ) 1 1 0 2 , y a r G ( s o o b a
t r ,swea rwordi spar toft aboo word sbecauseswea r s
d r o
w contain taboowordsi nside .Trudgli lstatest hatt aboo word sarefrequenlty ,
s d r o w r a e w s s a d e s
u which i sin turn because they are powe fru l(a sctied in a
it i d
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s i d r o w r a e w
S aresponset ofrusrtaiton ,pain ,andanger( Allan& Bu irdge , A . n o it a rt s u r f r o r e g n a s s e r p x e o t d e s u y l n o m m o c e r a s d r o w r a e w S . ) 8 8 . p , 6 0 0 2
u g n a l g n o rt
s agei sanapprop iratewayo fexpressingsrtongemoiton sandf eeilngs , . ) 3 2 . p , 9 0 0 2 , it n a y r A n i d e ti c s a ( s e c n a t s m u c ri c h c u s n i r e g n a r o n i a p s a h c u s
g n o rt s a t a h t w o n k e w e c n i S . e n o e m o s d n e f f o o t d e s u e b n a c s d r o w r a e w S
e f o y a w e t a ir p o r p p a n a s i e g a u g n a
l xpressingf eeilngs .Bee ralsostatest ha tswea r . ) 3 2 . p , 2 0 0 2 , it n a y r A n i d e ti c s a ( n o i s n e t e c u d e r o t d e s u e b n a c o s l a s d r o w
s a d e n if e d e b n a c g n ir a e w s f o n o s a e r e h t ) 2 1 0 2 ( n o tr u B l e e N o t g n i d r o c c A
: s w o ll o f
.
a Pain reilef .Swea irng acitvate sthe so – called ‘ifgh to rfilght ’response , .t
c e f f e c i s e g l a n a g n i d n o p s e r r o c a d n a e n il a n e r d a f o e g r u s a o t g n i d a e l .
b Powe rand conrtol .Sweairng can give u sa greate rsense o fpowe rand t a h t ,s e v l e s r u o o t y l n o f i , w o h s e w g n ir a e w s y B . n o it a u ti s d a b a r e v o l o rt n o c
t o n e r a e
w passivevicitm sbu tempoweredt or eac tand ifgh tback. .
c N -on violen tret irbuiton .Sweairng enable su sto ge tback a tbad people o r .
e c n e l o i v o t tr o s e r o t g n i v a h t u o h ti w s n o it a u ti s .
d Humor . Sweairng among f irend s can be qutie hlia irous . In such s
e c n a t s m u c ri
c , tir epresent sar eleasef romnorma lsocia lconsrtaint so rmake s .
n o it a u ti s r o n o s r e p g n i n e t a e r h t y ll a it n e t o p a f o t h g il .
e Pee rand socia lbonding .Swea irng can serve to show tha twe belong in a l
o h w o s d n a s e v l e s r u o e b o t e l b a e r a e w t a h t r o , p u o r g n i a tr e
c ly comfo trable
9 1 .f Sel f– expression .Swea irng can be a way o fshowing tha twe really mean
.s u o t t n a tr o p m i y ll a e r s i ti t a h t r o g n i h t e m o s .
g Psychologica land physica lheatlh .The heatlh benefti so fswea irng include c
ri c d e s a e r c n
i ulaiton ,elevated endorphin sand an overal lsense o fcalm , ll
e w d n a l o rt n o
c -being.
d n a s e g a l l a f o e l p o e p r o f e s u e g a u g n a l y a d y r e v e f o t r a p s m r o f g n ir a e w S
r i e h t t s o l e v a h s d r o w r a e w s y n a m h g u o
