ANALYZE TRANSLATION IN A SUBTITLE OF FILM ENTITLED “ DI TIMUR MATAHARI”
A R R A N G E D
Thomas Reinhard Saragih 14120011
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EEDUCATION OF HKBP NOMMENSEN UNIVERSITY
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Research
Language is one of the important things that we use to communicate with other people. According to Algeo (2005: 2) a language is a sytem of conventional
vocal signs by means of which human beings communicate. Communication is the human need that connect one person with the others by use language, in this world there are so many popular languages that used by people, such as English,
Mandarin, Japanese, French, Spain, Hindi, Arabian, Portugies, Russia, Korean, Dutch, Italian, Indonesian and etc. It depends on where the people live, in
Indonesia, English is a foreign language, as we know that Indonesia has so many different languages for each region, such as Bataknese, Javanese, Sundanese, etc.
Nowadays, English is an important language. English is the key to
international of technology, science, commerce, and business. English become popular around the world including Indonesia. Talk about English language,
English language have many benefit in any fields, especially in technology for Cinema world, there are a lot of different kinds of film from many countries which also has different languages used in each films. Just a few people who
smart enough to undertoood all the languages in the world, so to solve the problem we need translator to translate the language from foreign language into
English become the International language that can be one of many alternative way to understood the language.
Transleting the source language into target language need some procedures, as we know generally translation is the process to change the language from one language to another different language with the same meaning.
According to an expert Catford (1965 : 20) stated that translation is the replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in
other language. The are two technique that used for transleting the source language into the target language, there are Direct Translation and Indirect Translation. Vinay and Darbelnet in Venuti (2000: 84-93) mention that the method
or procedure of translation can be divided into two covering procedures, they are (a) literal or direct translation; consist of Borrowing, Calque, and Literal
translation, and (b) oblique translation; consists of Transposition, Equivalent, Modulation and Adaptation. As the result of the transleting the source language into the target language we can called it “subtitle”. Luyken (1991: 39) stated that
subtitles are condensed translations of original dialogue, which appear as lines of text usually positioned towards the bottom of the screen. The subtitles follow the
rhythm of the original and appear and dissapear synchronised with the corresponding section of original dialogue.
In this research, the researcher will make a research of translation in
Indonesian (Sources Language) into English (Target Language), in this research the researcher also only focus on oblique translation in a subtitle of film entitled
analyzing and finding the used of oblique translation technique in the subtitle by Ludiludi in a film. The researcher also hoped that this research will give some
benefits or can be some references for the teacher and the students who study about the translation.
B. Problem of the Research
Based on the explanation above, the problem of the the research created as the following questions:
1. What kinds of oblique translations are found in English subtitle by
Ludiludi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari”?
2. What kinds of oblique translation are the most used in English subtitle by
Ludidi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari”?
C. The Purpose of the Research
The purpose the research is to know:
1. What kinds of oblique translations are found in English subtitle by
Ludiludi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari”.
2. What kinds of oblique translation are the most used in English subtitle by
Ludidi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari”.
D. The Scope of the Research
There are two techniques in translation that can be used to translate from
procedures, they are (a) literal or direct translation; consist of Borrowing, Calque, and Literal translation, and (b) oblique translation; consists of Transposition,
Equivalent, Modulation and Adaptation. The researcher just focus on the using of Oblique Translation in English subtitle by Ludiludi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari”.
E. Significance of the Research
Conductiong the research, the researcher hopes that the research will give benefits :
1. Theoretically Significance
The result of the research hopefully can be a reference for other researcher
in the future, and give some improvment for development of knowledge in using language.
2. Practically Significance
a. For Researchers
This research hopefully can give benefit as a researcher and experience
of writing this research to become a teacher candidate and can apply the knowledge which is got from the college, in order to solve the problem that related to education, especially in English.
b. For Teacher
This research hopefully can be used as a sources of study in learning
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Definition of Translation
Generally translation is the process of changing one language into another language. Based on Catford (1965 : 20) Translation is the replacement of textual
material in one language by equivalent textual material in other language. Meanwhile Nida and Taber (1982: 12) stated that translation consists of reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalence of the source
language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. On the other hand, Munday (2001: 5) defined that translation is as changing of an original
written text in the original verbal language into a written text in a different verbal language.
From the various definitons above, the researcher can conclude that there
are two different languages that get involved, they are Source Languae (SL) and Target Language (TL) that have the process to tranferring the meaning of the SL
into the TL based on the translator’s perspective.
According to Jakobson (2000: 114) described that there are three methods of translating a verbal code, as follow:
1. Intralingual Translation
Intralingual Translation or rewording is an interpretation of verbal signs by
Interlingual translation or translation proper is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language .
3. Intersemiotic Translation
Intersemiotic translation or transmutation is an interpretation of verbal signs by means of signs of nonverbal sign systems.
B. Tranlation Procedures
There are some explanation about translation in the previous definition. To get the good result from the source language into the target language, there are
methods or procedures that needed. Vinay and Darbelnet (2000: 84-93) are experts that stated two general methods that comprise seven procedures in
translating the SL into TL. Direct Translation is the first method and Indirect (Oblique) Translation is the second one. Direct Translation derives into borrowing, calque, and literal translation while Oblique Translation derives into
Vinay and Darbelnet in Venuti (2000: 85) stated that Borrowing is the simplest of all translation methods. For instance, in order to introduce the flavour
or the source language (SL) culture into a translation, foreign terms may be used. It means that borrowing procedures is directly transferred the source language into the target language without changing any word or phonems.
According to Haugen in Siregar (2009: 73), there are some possibilities that may occur in this procedures, the first Pure Loanwords, the second, Mix
Loan, the third Loan Blends Examples:
1) Pure Loanwords, borrowing with no change in form and meaning
Radio radio
Handphone handphone
Telephone telephone
Laptop laptop
2) Mix Loanwords, borrowing with change in form but withour change the meaning
Fiscal policy kebijakan fiskal Corporate strategy strategi perusahaan Environment economy lingkungan ekonomi
National debt hutang nasional
b. Calque
A calque is a special kind of borrowing whereby a language borrows an expression form of another, but then translates literally each of its elements. (Vinay and Darbelnet in Venuti, 2000: 85).
c. Literal Translation
Literal, or word for word, translation is the direct transfer of a SL text into a grammatically and idiomatically appropriate TL text in which the translators’
task is limited to observing the adherence to the linguistic servitudes of the TL. In principle, a literal translation is a unique solution which is reversible and complete in itself. (Vinay and Darbelnet in Venuti, 2000: 86).
2. Oblique Translation
Oblique translation occurs when word for word translation is impossible. Vinay and Darbelnet in Venuti (2000: 87) stated that there are four procedures, there are:
transposition, modulation, equivalence, and adaptation. a. Transposition
Examples:
Modulation is variation of the form of the message, obtained by a change in the point of view, this change can be justified when, although a literal, or even
transposed, translation result in a grammatically correct utterance, it is considered unsuitable, unidiomatic or awkward in the TL.
Examples:
It is not cheap ini mahal
By the will of the God diluar kemampuan manusia
She is beautiful dia tidak jelek
c. Equivalence
Vinay and Darbelnet use this term (2000:90) to refer to cases where
methods. This procedure means that the process of translating one language into another language that emphasizes on closest natural meaning.
Examples:
Ouch! Aw
Cocorico cock-a-doodle-do
Miaou Miaow
Hi han hee haw
cock-a-doodle-do kukuruyuk
d. Adaptation
Vinay and Darbelnet in Venuti (2000: 93) define adaptation as a
procedure that creates a new situation to indicate a situational equivalence. And also it involves changing the cultural reference when a situation in the source culture does not exist in the target culture. Adaptation is used in
those cases where the type of situation being referred to by the SL message is unknown in the TL culture. In this case, a translator can create a
new situation that can be considered equivalent. Examples:
You Ibu
Peekaboo Cilukba
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design
This research was conduct by qualitative descriptive and also qualitative library research which the data is from Source Language into Targer Language
from film. Bodgan and Taylor in Moleong (2009) stated that qualitative research that the result of the descriptive data, the written and oral words from observing people or behaviour. Library research is a research that was do in collect all theory
that relevant to the topic.
B. Data Collection
In this research, the researcher collect the data based on English subtitle by
Ludidi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari”. Procedure of data collection is the observation which in observe the data already documented. This observation is aimed to collect data related to the process translation in film subtitle or related to
oblique translation in subtitle.
C. Data Analyzing
In this research, the method of analyse the data is qualitative. Qualitative
method is aimed to describe or explain the data from film subtitle. Bodgan said data analysis is the process of systematically searching and arranging the
have discovered to others. After getting the data the researcher will analyse the data wiith some steps below:
1. Identify the data
2. Clasify the data based on the kind of oblique translation.
3. Analyze the data based on the kind of oblique translation in subtitle.
4. Conclude the data to know the kind of oblique translation in English subtitle by Ludidi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari”.
CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS FINDING
A. Research Findings
After analyzing the data, the researchers found in their research that not all kind of oblique tranlation found in subtitle. There are three kind of oblique
translation in subtitle, transposition, equivalence and adaption. In this chapter, the researcher just input some data in each table for the complete the researcher make in the appendix.
1. Transposition
The researchers only consist some data transposition that found in English
subtitle by Ludiludi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari” are as follow:
No Source Language Target Language
1 Guru pengganti subtitute teacher
8 kecelakaan got into an accident
9 ditabrak got hit
Some examples of Equivalence foun in English subtitle by Ludiludi in a film
No Source Language Target Language 1 tanggung jawab Accountable or Responsible
2 Separah ini This is not good
3 itu urusan Allah It is for God to decide
3. Adaption
Some examples of Adaption foun in English subtitle by Ludiludi in a film entitled
“Di Timur Matahari” are as follow:
No Source Language Target Language
1 Sepakbola Soccer or Football
2 Rabbit rabbit
3 Money money
4 Fuel fuel
CHAPTER V CONCLUSSION
After describing a translation theory about definition and translation
procedures, it can be concluded that not all kind of oblique translation are used and found in English subtitle by Ludidi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari”.
They are transposition, equivalence and adaption.
This resesarch has shown the analysis of oblique translaktion in one context. In English subtitle by Ludidi in a film entitled “Di Timur Matahari”, the
Referencess
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di_Timur_Matahari
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cmsh1SPQERw
https://www.google.co.id/search?
q=film+di+timur+matahari&oq=film+ditimur+&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0l5.38
22j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.google.co.id/search?
ei=5zlWWozDMczevASMiKiIAQ&q=translation+film+ditimur+matahari&o
