MAKALAH TOKSIKOLOGI
MAKALAH TOKSIKOLOGI
Kasus Keracunan Tempe Bongkrek
Kasus Keracunan Tempe Bongkrek
Disusun oleh : Disusun oleh :
PROGRAM STUDI
PROGRAM STUDI FAFARMASIRMASI UNIVERSITA
UNIVERSITAS S MUHAMMADIYAMUHAMMADIYAH H MALANGMALANG 201
201
A!is"#s$# S#"%i# Su&o'o
A!is"#s$# S#"%i# Su&o'o
(in!# H#$#"i
(in!# H#$#"i
Ri&# Desi#n#n!#
Ri&# Desi#n#n!#
Oli)i#
Oli)i#
*201+10,10+11001-
*201+10,10+1101.-
*201+10,10+110+.-
*201210,10+11201-KATA PENGANTAR
Pu/i s$u&u% &eh#!i%#" All#h S(T $#n "el#h eli3#h&#n %#h#" !#n "#u4i& se%"# hi!#$#h5N$# &e3#!# &i"# seu# sehin# 3enulis#n #&#l#h !en#n /u!ul Kasus
Keracunan Tempe Bongkrek !#3#" "e%seles#i&#n6
D#l# &ese3#"#n ini 3enulis enu'#3&#n "e%i# &#sih &e3#!# :
16 I7u N#ilis S$i4#8 S6F#%6 A3"6 D#n 9#3#& An!%i Til#;# M6 F#%6 A3"6 sel#&u Dosen M#"# <uli#h To&si&oloi $#n "el#h e7e%i&#n !o%on#n o%il un"u& el#&u&#n 3enulis#n #&#l#h6
26 Seu# 3ih#& $#n "el#h e7e%i se#n#" 3en$usun !#l# en$eles#i&#n #&#l#h ini $#n "i!#& !#3#" 3en$usun se7u"&#n s#"u53e%s#"u6
Pen$usun en$#!#%i 7#h=# 3enulis#n #&#l#h ini #sih /#uh !#%i &ese3u%n##n6 Oleh &#%en# i"u 3en$usun 7e%se!i# ene%i# &%i"i& !#n s#%#n !#%i 3e7#'# un# 3e%7#i&#n 3enulis#n #&#l#h un"u& !i #s# $#n #&#n !#"#n6
M#l#n A3%il 201
DAFTAR ISI
<ATA PENGANTAR ... ii
DAFTAR ISI... iii
9A9 I6 PENDAHULUAN... 1
LATAR 9ELA<ANG... 1
RUMUSAN MASALAH... 1
TU>UAN... 2
9A9 II6 TIN>AUAN PUSTA<A... 3
PENGERTIAN TEMPE 9ONG<RE< ...3
ME<ANISME TER>ADINYA RA?UN PADA TEMPE 9ONG<RE< ...3
ME<ANISME TO<SI< TEMPE 9ONG<RE< ...5
9A9 III PEM9AHASAN... 8
<A>IAN <ASUS... 8
ANALISIS GE>ALA <ERA?UNAN PADA <ASUS...10
?ARA PENANGGULANGAN DAN PENGO9ATAN SERTA ME<ANISME O9AT TERAPI <ERA?UNAN TEMPE 9ONG<RE<6...11
9A9 IV <ESIMPULAN DAN SARAN... 14
<ESIMPULAN... 14
BAB I. PENDAHLAN
LATAR BELAKANG
<e%#'un#n #&i7#" e#&#n "e3e 7on&%e& su!#h se%in&#li &i"# !en#% &hususn$# $#n "e%/#!i !i =il#$#h &#%esi!en#n 7#n$u#s6 Te3e 7on&%e& #!#l#h "e3e $#n "e%7u#" !#%i 7#h#n #3#s &el#3# #"#u 7un&il &el#3#6 M#&#n#n ini e%u3#&#n #&#n#n $#n !isu&#i
#s$#%#&#" 7#n$u#s &hususn$# !#n #s$#%#&#" /#=# "en#h 3#!# uun$#6 (#l#u3un se7en#%n$# &#n!un#n i;in$# "i!#& se7e%#3# !i s#3in ##" e7#h#$#&#n n#un 4#&"o% u%#h !#n %#s# $#n &h#s $#&ni &len$is *7#h#s# /#=# : %#s# le;#" ##& #nis- #3u ei&#" sele%# #s$#%#&#" &el#s 7#=#h 3#!# uun$#6
Pe7u#"#n "e3e 7on&%e& se7en#%n$# "el#h !il#%#n se/#& "#hun 1@@ n#un &en$#"##nn$# #sih s#/# #!# 3en!u!u& $#n e3%o!u&si #u3un en&onsusi #&#n#n $#n s#n#" 7e%7#h#$# "e%se7u"6 T%#e!i 3#lin 7u%u& sel## "#hun "e%#&hi% ene=#s&#n +B o%#n 3en!u!u& &e'##"#n lu7i% 7#n$u#s Te%/#!i 3#!# "#n#l 2B 4e7%u#%i hin# B #%e" [email protected] Pe%is"i=# "%#is ini e#&s# #3#%#" 3ee%in"#h un"u& 7e%"in!#& le7ih "e#s !#l# h#l l#%#n#n e3%o!u&si !#n en&onsusi "e3e 7on&%e&6
Se7##i seo%#n 4#%#sis 3ene"#hu#n enen#i '#%# 3en#nul#n#n &e%#'un#n s#n#" !i3e%lu&#n oleh &#%en# i"u !i3e%lu&#n in4o%#si $#n le7ih l#n/u" enen#i h#l5h#l #3# $#n !i3e%lu&#n !#l# 3en#n#n#n &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e& ini $#n se7elun$# "el#h !i7e&#li !en#n 3ene"#hu#n "en"#n e&#nise "e%/#!in$# &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e& ini hin# #&#n !i!#3#"&#n 3ilih#n "e%#3i $#n "e3#" un"u& en#n#ni &e%#'un#n &#%en# "e3e 7on&%e& "e%se7u"6
RMSAN MASALAH
D#%i u%#i#n !i #"#s !#3#" !i&e"#hui 7#h=# un"u& el#&u&#n #n#lisis !#l# enen"u&#n "e%#3i $#n "e3#" 7#i &e%#'un#n# "e3e 7on&%e& ee%lu&#n 3ene%"i#n $#n en!#l# !#%i &#sus &e%#'un#n $#n "e%/#!i oleh &#%en# i"u %uus#n #s#l#h $#n h#%us !i&#/i #n"#%# l#in :
#- A3#&#h 3ene%"i#n "e3e 7on&%e&C
7- 9##i#n# e&#nise "e%/#!in$# %#'un 3#!# "e3e 7on&%e&C '- 9##i#n# e&#nise "o&sisi"#s "e3e 7on&%e&C
!- 9##i#n# e/#l# e4e& "o&si& !#n #ni4es"#si &lini& !#%i "o&sin 3#!# "e3e 7on&%e&C
e- 9##i#n# '#%# 3en#nul#n#n !#n 3eno7#"#n se%"# e&#nise o7#" "e%#3i &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e&C
T!AN
Sehin# !#%i %uus#n #s#l#h !i #"#s !i&e"#hui "u/u#n $#n inin !i'#3#i !#l# 3enulis#n #&#l#h ini #n"#%# l#in:
#6 Mene"#hui enen#i "e3e 7on&%e&6
76 Me#h#i e&#nise "e%/#!in$# %#'un 3#!# "e3e 7on&%e& '6 Mene"#hui e&#nise "o&sisi"#s "e3e 7on&%e&
!6 Mene"#hui Ge/#l# e4e& "o&si& !#n #ni4es"#si &lini& !#%i "o&sin 3#!# "e3e 7on&%e&
e6 Mene"#hui '#%# 3en#nul#n#n !#n 3eno7#"#n se%"# e&#nise o7#" "e%#3i &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e&6
46 Ti3s ##% "e%hin!#% !#%i &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e&
BAB II. TIN!AAN PSTAKA
PENGERTIAN TEMPE BONGKREK
Te3e 9on&%e& i#l#h se/enis "e3e $#n !#l# 3%oses 3e7u#"#nn$# !i '#3u% !en#n #3#s &el#3# !#n &#'#n "#n#h6 Se%in 3#!# 3%oses 3e7u#"#n ini "e%/#!i &on"#in#si !en#n ?los"%i!iu 7o"#linu su#"u &u#n #n#e%o7 $#n e7en"u& s3o%# #"#u !#n 9#'"e%iu 'o'o)enen#ns $#n enu7#h lise%inu en/#!i %#'un "o&so4l#)in6
?#%# Pe7u#"#n Te3e 9on&%e& #!#l#h #3#s &el#3# $#n "e%se!i# !i'u'i !en#n #i% h#n#" se'#%# 7e%ul#n5ul#n s#3#i 7en#%57en#% 7e%sih !#n 7e7#s !#%i s#n"#n6 <eu!i#n #3#s !i&e%in&#n 3#!# "e3e%#"u% 0500? sel## &u%#n le7ih 2 /#6 L#lu #3#s
!i&u&us sel## s#"u /# !#n !i'u'i !en#n #i% en#li%6 Sel#n/u"n$# !i3e%#s se&u#" un&in !#n !i&u&us &e7#li sel## s#"u /# l#lu !i!inin&#n6
Se"el#h !inin <eu!i#n #3#s &el#3# !i7e%i l#%u se7#n$#& 0 !#%i 7#n$#&n$# #3#s &el#3#6 <eu!i#n !i#!u& !en#n %#"# !i!e&#" #3i su3#$# s"e%il6 Sel#n/u"n$# !i#su&&#n &e !#l# =#!#h *7is# enun#&#n !#un 3is#n #"#u 3l#s"i&- $#n 7e%sih !#n s"e%il6 L#lu !i"#%uh !i"e3#" $#n h#n#"6D#n se"el#h &u%#n le7ih 2 h#%i #&#n "e%7en"u& s3o%# !#n
"e%7en"u&l#h "e3e 7on&%e&6* h""3s:he#%"'he6=o%!3%ess6'o2011122@3e7u#"#n5
"e3e57on&%e&-MEKANISME TER!ADIN"A RA#N PADA TEMPE BONGKREK
$. Per%um&u'an Bak%er( Pseudomonas cocovenenans
9#&"e%i Pseudomonas cocovenenans e%u3#&#n 7#&"e%i 7on&%e& $#n en#%i& un"u& !i"eli"i 7#i& !#%i su!u" 7io&ii# 4isioloi 4#%#&oloi !#n e!is "e%u"## ilu i;i6 9#&"e%i 7on&%e& enh#sil&#n sen$#=# 5 sen$#=# 7e%#'un !i !#l# e!iu "e3e 7on&%e& !#n &hususn$# !#l# #3#s &el#3# !en#n &#"# l#in "e3e $#n !i7u#" !#%i #3#s &el#3# !#3#" !i'e#%i oleh 7#&"e%i ini6
Pseudomonas cocovenenans !#3#" en'e#%i sel## 3%oses 4e%en"#si /i&# !il#&u&#n !en#n &u%#n e3e%h#"i&#n &e7e%sih#n6 Sel## 3%oses 3e7u#"#n "e3e "e%se7u" 7#&"e%i i"u !#3#" enh#sil&#n sen$#=#5sen$#=#6 <e!u# %#'un i"u #!#l#h #s# 7on&%e& $#n "i!#& 7e%=#%n# * LD 0 1, & 7o7o" 7#!#n i3 3#!# "i&us - !#n "o&so4l#)in $#n 7e%=#%n#
&unin *LD 0 1B & 7o7o" 7#!#n i3 3#!# "i&us-6 9#i e%e&# $#n enonsusi8 "o&sin 3#!# !osis "ini !#3#" en$e7#7&#n &e#"i#n !#l# =#&"u &u%#n !#%i e3#" h#%i se"el#h enonsusi %#'un "e%se7u"6 Pe%"u7uh#n Pseudomonas se7en#%n$# !#3#" !ih#7#" $#i"u !en#n enu%un&#n 3H #3#s &el#3# $#n #&#n !i4e%en"#si s#3#i 6 P#!# 3H ini /#u% "e3e $#n !iinin&#n 3un #sih "e"#3 !#3#" "u7uh !en#n 7#i& se!#n&#n 7#&"e%in$# #&#n "e%h#7#"6
9#&"e%i ini en$u&#i e!iu $#n 7#n$#& en#n!un #s# le#& 69e%!#s#%&#n 3eneli"i#n 4iloene"i& !i&e"#hui 7#h=# P. cocovenenans le7ih 3#n"#s #su& !#l# enus Burkholderia6
<e%#'un#n oleh 7#&"e%i ini !#3#" en$e7#7&#n &e##l#n 4unsi o%#n6 9#&"e%i ini en/#!i %#'un $#n e#"i&#n 7il# 7e%sen"uh#n !en#n #s# le#& !i !#l# "u7uh6 9#&"e%i ini en$e%#n i"o&on!%i# $#i"u su7e% ene%i !i "in&#" sel6 R#'un i"u 7e%!#3#& 3#!# e&#nise ATP *#!enosine "%i3hos3h#"e-5ADP *#!enosine !i3hos3h#"e- "%#nslo'#se $#&ni e&#nise 3e%u7#h#n ATP en/#!i ADP !#n se7#li&n$# sel## 3%oses 3e%n#4#s#n !i sel6 ATP #!#l#h nu&leo"i!# $#n ul"i4unsi $#n en#n"#% ene%i &ii# !i !#l# sel un"u& &e3e%lu#n e"#7olise6 ATP enh#sil&#n ene%i sel## 3%oses %es3i%#si !i !#l# sel !#n !i&onsusi oleh 7#n$#& en;i un"u& &e3e%lu#n 7iosin"es# s#3#i 3e7el#h#n !i%i6 Un"u& enh#sil&#n ene%i 7#i selu%uh sel !i !#l# "u7uh #nusi# !#l# el#&s#n#&#n
&ei#"#nn$# #&# ATP 3e%lu &elu#% !#%i i"o&on!%i#6 R#'un 7on&%e& e7u#" ATP ##l &elu#% !#%i i"o&on!%i# $#n 3#!# #&hi%n$# e7u#" sel5sel "u7uh #nusi# &ehil#n#n su7e% "en##n$#6
a. Racun Bongkrek )Bongkrek(c Ac(*+
As# 7on&%e& #!#l#h %#'un 3e%n#4#s#n $#n le7ih e#"i&#n !#%i %#'un i"o&on!%i# si#ni!# l#inn$# #"#u 2,5!ini"%o3henol6 A!# 7e7e%#3# 3e%selisih#n "en"#n s"%u&"u% $#n se7en#%n$# !#%i #s# 7on&%e& "#3i ini !iseles#i&#n 3#!# "#hun 1@B+ $#n en/el#s&#n s"%u&"u% $#n 7e%7e!# un'ul !#l# li"e%#"u% se7elu s##" ini6
As# ini !ih#sil&#n !#%i 4e%en"#si &el#3# $#n "e%&on"#in#si oleh 7#&"e%i 9u%&hol!e%i# l#!ioli 'o'o)enen#ns 3#"ho)#%6 Se'#%# &husus "el#h "e%li7#" !#l# &e#"i#n #&i7#" #&#n 3%o!u& 7e%7#sis &e!el#i !#n &el#3# $#n !i&en#l se7##i "e3e 7on&%e& $#n !il#%#n !i
In!onesi#6
&. To,o-a/(n
R#'un "o&so4l#)in !ih#sil&#n !#%i 3e%u7#h#n lise%inu oleh Bacterium cocovenenans !#n 7e%=#%n# &unin6 "oo4l#)in !#3#" e7#=# ele&"%on #n"#%# NADH !#n o&sien $#n
eun&in&#n &e%/# si"o&%o !i7u#" 3in"#s à Hi!%oen 3e%o&si!#6
MEKANISME TOKSIK TEMPE BONGKREK
To&sin $#n !i3%o!u&si Pseu!oon#s 'o'o)enen#ns #!# 2 $#i"u #s# 7on&%e& *"i!#& 7e%=#%n# se/enis #s# le#& "i!#& /enuh- !#n "o&so4l#)in *7e%=#%n# &unin s"%u&"u% i%i3
!en#n %i7o4l#)in-6 Tokso-a/(n
To&so4l#)in eili&i %uus &ii# ?BHBNO2 e%u3#&#n 3ien 7e%=#%n# &unin $#n 7e%si4#" 4lou%esens !#n s"#7il "e%h#!#3 o&si!#"o%6 LD0 "o&so4l#)in 3#!# he=#n 3e%'o7##n
"i&us !en#n 3en$un"i&#n $#i"u 1B 3e% & 7e%#" 7#!#n !#n se'#%# o%#lulu" $#i"u ., 3e% & 7e%#" 7#!#n6
To,o-a/(n
$01 D(me%'2p2r(m(*o)3045e+5as5%r(a6(ne5307)$H01H+5*(one
<e#"i#n !#3#" "e%/#!i &#%en# "e%7en"u&n$# hi!%oen 3e%o&si!# *H2O2- $#n 7#n$#& "e%7en"u& "#n3# !ii7#ni en;i &#"#l#se $#n 'u&u3 !#%i "u7uh6 Me&#nise $#n "e%/#!i $#i"u "oo4l#)in !#3#" e7#=# ele&"%on #n"#%# NADH !#n o&sien $#n eun&in&#n &e%/# si"o&%o !i7u#" 3in"#s sehin# enh#sil&#n hi!%oen 3e%o&si!#6 Re#&si $#n "e%/#!i #!#l#h se7##i 7e%i&u" :
NADH To&s6 To&s65H2 2 NAD
To&s65H2 O2 To&s6 H2O2
To&so4l#)in /u# !#3#" en$e7#7&#n "e%h#7#"n$# "%#ns3o% ul# &e !#l# e%i"%osi" !#n en$e7#7&#n heolisis &#%en# "e%h#7#"n$# #&"i)i"#s en;i lu"##" "%#ns4e%#se !#n #l&#li 4os4#"#se !#l# e%i"%osi"6
Asam Bongkrek
Bongkrek(c Ac(*
85#ar&o,2me%'25$07 me%'o,2510$90:$5%r(me%'2*ocosa5 5:04090$:0$40$90:; 'ep%aene*(o(c Ac(*.
As# 7on&%e& e3un$#i %uus &ii# ?2.H+.OB e%u3#&#n #s# "%i&#%7o&sil#" "i!#& /enuh6 "o&sin "e%se7u" !#3#" en#nu e"#7olise li&oen !en#n eo7ilis#si
li&oen !#%i h#"i sehin# "e%/#!i hi3e%li&ii# $#n &eu!i#n 7e%u7#h en/#!i hi3oli&ii#6 Pen!e%i"# hi3oli&ei# 7i#s#n$# enin#l , h#%i se"el#h enonsusi "e3e 7on&%e& $#n 7e%#'un6
As# 7on&%e& e%u3#&#n inhi7i"o% &u#" 7#i i"o&on!%i#6 As# 7on&%e& #&#n enu"u3i uus 5SH !#%i ATP5#se #&i7#"n$# 3%o!usi ATP 3#!# i"i&on!%i# "e%hen"i sehin# ATP !i3%o!u&si !i lu#% i"o&on!%i# se'#%# li&olisis !#%i li&oen '#!#n#n $#n #!# !i !#l# h#"i6 P%oses "e%/#!in$# 3enu%#i#n li&oen h#"i /#n"un !#n o"o"5o"o" #&#n en$e7#7&#n &#!#% lu&os# !#%#h n#i&6 Se"el#h 3e%se!i##n li&oen h#7is #&# lu&os# !#%#h #&#n see%# "u%un !#n 3en!e%i"# #&#n en#l#i #si!osis6
P%o!u&si #s# 7on&%e& #&si#l #!#l#h , !#%i "i#3 %# #3#s &el#3#6 P%o!u&si ini "e%/#!i #&siu !#l#n + J h#%i 3#!# suhu o3"iu +0o?6
As# 7on&%e& 7e&e%/# se'#%# #&uul#"i4 !#n #&#n en$e7#7&#n &e#"i#n en!#!#& se"el#h %#'unn$# "e%&u3ul !i!#l# "u7uh %#'un i"u "i!#& u!#h !iin#&"i4&#n #"#u !i!e"o&si4i&#si #u3un !ie&s&%esi oleh "u7uh6
BAB III PEMBAHASAN
KA!IAN KASS
Ti# =#%# !i <#7u3#"en Te#l >#=# Ten#h "e=#s !i!u# &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e&6 Se!#n&#n =#%# l#inn$# $#n en&onsusi #&#n#n $#n s## h#%us !il#%i&#n &e %u#h s#&i" &#%en# &on!isin$# &%i"is se"el#h en#l#i un"#h5un"#h6 Tn6 A enhe7us&#n n#3#s "e%#&hi%n$# se"el#h se7elun$# se3#" !i7#=# &e %u#h s#&i"6 Se!#n&#n Su'i In!%i#=#n enin#l 7e7e%#3# /# &eu!i#n "#n3# se3#" en!#3#" 3e%#=#"#n !i %u#h s#&i" 7#h&#n su!#h en#l#i 3en!#%#h#n !#%i hi!un !#n ulu"6 Se!#n&#n N$6 9 enin#l se"el#h se7elun$# se3#" en!#3#" 3e%#=#"#n 7e7e%#3# /# !i Ru#h S#&i" Muh##!i$#h A%!i=#%n#6
Sel#in + o%#n &o%7#n "e=#s =#%# Des# Se"u $#n /u# i&u" en&onsusi "e3e 7on&%e& h#%us !il#%i&#n &e %u#h s#&i" &#%en# en#l#i un"#h5un"#h !#n 3ins#n6 <on!isi e%e&# s##" ini #sih s#n#" le#h !#n &%i"is6 S#li#h i7u ? en#"#&#n 3#!# Minu so%e #n#&n$# !#n 3#%# &o%7#n l#inn$# en&onsusi "e3e 7on&%e& $#n !i#s#& oleh i7un$#6 9e7e%#3# /# se"el#h #&#n "e3e 7on&%e& #n#&n$# !#n 3#%# &o%7#n l#in un"#h5un"#h se%"# 3ins#n6
D#3#" !isi3ul&#n 7#h=# &#sus !i #"#s e%u3#&#n &#sus &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e&6 A!#3un !i"in/#u !#%i hu#n e%%o% "e3e 7on&%e& $#n 7e%#'un !ise7#7&#n oleh 7e7e%#3# 4#'"o% #n"#%# l#in :
16 Peilih#n 9#h#n
9#h#n 3e7u#"#n "e3e 7on&%e& !i#7il !#%i #3#s &el#3# sis# !#%i 3e7u#"#n in$#& &el#3# $#n #sih l#$#& un"u& !i&onsusi !#n ##n 7#i &eseh#"#n n#un sis# #3#s &el#3# ini "i!#& eili&i nil#i &#n!un#n i;i6 D#%i &#n!un#n nu"%isi "i#3 100 %# "e3e 7on&%e& 7e%nil#i 11@ &#lo%i &#n!un#n 3%o"einn$# ,, %# le#& + %# &#%7ohi!%#" 1.+ %# &#lsiu 2B ili%# 4os4o% 100 ili%# ;#" 7esi 2 ili%# /u# en#n!un )i"#in 91 00. ili%#6
Pen$i3#n#n 7#h#n en"#h un"u& 7#h#n 3#n#n seh#%usn$# !isi3#n enun#&#n =#!#h &husus !#n !isi3#n !i"e3#" $#n ##n 3#!# suhu "e%"en"u6 N#un !#l# &#sus ini 7#h#n en"#h !#%i "e3e 7on&%e& $#n 7e%u3# #3#s &el#3# h#n$# !isi3#n !#l# =#!#h 7e%u3# 7#s&o #"#u !%u $#n 7e%isi #i%6 P%oses 3en$i3#n#n 7#h#n en"#h ini "i!#& eenuhi s$#%#" &#%en# h#l ini !#3#" eun&in&#n
"e%/#!in$# 3%oses 3en'e#%#n oleh )e&"o% !#n 7in#"#n 3en#nu se3e%"i &e'o# !#n "i&us6
+6 Penol#h#n 9#h#n Men"#h
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l#$#& !i#&#n6
D#l# &#sus ini "e3e 7on&%e& $#n !i#&#n oleh =#%# en$e7#7&#n &e%#'un#n se"el#h !i#&#n h#l ini !iun&in&#n oleh &#%en# !#l# 3%oses 3enol#h#n 3e7u#"#n "e3e 7#i& 3en/##h #u3un lin&un#n "e3#" e7u#" "e3e ini
"i!#& #"#u &u%#n e3e%h#"i&#n 4#&"o% &e7e%sih#n6
Te3e 7on&%e& $#n !iol#h se'#%# "i!#& h$enis 3#!# s##" 3%oses 4e%en"#si !#3#" "e%&on"#in#si oleh se/enis 7#&"e%i $#n "u7uh le7ih 'e3#" "u7uh !#%i3#!# #n 7on&%e&6 9#&"e%i $#n enelu#%&#n %#'un i"u #!#l#h Pseudomonas cocovenenans6 Te3e 7on&%e& se%in !i"u7uhi 7#&"e%i i"u &#%en# #sih en#n!un 7#n$#& le#&6 9#&"e%i Pseudomonas cocovenenans #"#u 9u%&hol!e%i# l#!ioli 3#"ho)#% 'o'o)enen#s $#n enelu#%&#n en;i $#n #3u enhi!%olis# le#&5le#& $#n #!# 3#!# 7#h#n 7#&un$# sehin# enh#sil&#n "o&so4l#)in !#n #s# 7on&%e& $#n s#n#" 7e%#'un !#n e#"i&#n 7#i si#3# s#/# $#n enonsusin$#6 R#'un5%#'un "#!i "i!#& #"i !#n "i!#& %us#& se&#li3un !#l# suhu !i #"#s 100 !e%#/#" 'el'ius 7#i& i"u !i#s#& se7##i s#$u% #u3un !io%en6
Pen$i3#n#n 3en#n&u"#n !#n 3en$#/i#n "e3e 7on&%e& &u%#n #"#u "i!#& 7e%3en#%uh "e%h#!#3 3e%is"i=# &e%#'un#n $#n !i#l#i 3en!u!u&6 H#l ini
!i&#%en#&#n 4#&"o% u"## &#sus &e%#'un#n ini #!#l#h &#%en# &u%#n e3e%h#"i&#n 4#&"o% &e7e%sih#n !#l# 3e7u#"#n sehin# "e%/#!i &on"#in#si oleh 7#&"e%i Pseudomonas cocovenenans $#n enh#sil&#n %#'un $#n "i!#& 7is# %us#&
=#l#u3un !i#s#& !i#"#s suhu 100 !e%#/#" 'el'ius6* A!e Pu"%i!&&
-ANALISIS GE!ALA KERA#NAN PADA KASS
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• Se!#n : 3usin u#l un"#h !#n s#&i" 3e%u"
• 9e%#" : !i#%e &e/#n &elu#% 7uih 3u"ih 3#!# ulu"
• Menin#l : #!# 7e%'#& !#%#h 7e&u !i 7#=#h &uli"
Se!#n&#n #ni4es"#si &linis !#%i &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e& #n"#%# l#in :
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!#n un"#h6
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Mekan(sme E-ek H(pog(kem(a *ar( Toks(n Bongkrek *an To,o-a/(n 2ang mengak(&a%kan kema%(an
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ATP6 Den#n #!#n$# #nu#n #"#u 3enh#7#"#n en;i "%#nslo&#se oleh #s# !#%i #3#s &el#3# inil#h $#n #&#n en#nu 3%o!u&si ATP !i !#l# i"o&on!%i#6
Se'#%# "e3#" #sih 7elu !#3#" !i"en"u&#n !i 7#i#n #n# #s# !#%i #3#s &el#3# "e%se7u" 7e%e#&si !en#n e7%#n i"o&on!%i#6 <#%en# &e&u%#n#n ATP se7##i su7e% ene%i i"o&on!%i# "i!#& #3u l#i e3%o!u&si ATP #&# '#%# l#in $#n 7i#s#n$# !i"e3uh #!#l#h el#lui /#l#n li&olisis #&#n "e"#3i !en#n /#l#n li&olisis /ul#h ATP #sih &u%#n 'u&u3 un"u& eenuhi 4unsi /#n"un se'#%# no%#l6 Den#n #!#n$# &ei#"#n "e%se7u" en#&i7#"&#n "e%/#!in$# 3ee'#h#n li&oen $#n "e%"i7un !i h#"i /#n"un !#n !i !#l# !#in6
A&i7#" 3ee'#h#n li&oen !i 7e%7##i "e3#" 3eni7un#n "e%se7u" "e%/#!il#h e/#l# h$3ol$'#ei# $#n he7#" sehin# 3en!e%i"# #&#n enin#l6 Mul#Jul# &#!#% ul# #&#n en#l#i 3enin&#"#n $#n 'u&u3 "ini "e%#n"un "e%se!i#n$# li&oen &eu!i#n enu%un s#3#i 0 oleh &#%en# i"u o%#n $#n &e%#'un#n #s# 7on&%e& #&#n e%#s# "e%'e&i& l#lu !#%i ulu"n$# #&#n &elu#% 7us# *(in#%no 1@.-6.
As# 7on&%e& 7e&e%/# se'#%# #&uul#"i4 !#n #&#n en$e7#7&#n &e#"i#n en!#!#& se"el#h %#'unn$# "e%&u3ul !i!#l# "u7uh %#'un i"u "i!#& u!#h !iin#&"i4&#n #"#u !i!e"o&si4i&#si #u3un !ie&s&%esi oleh "u7uh6 Di!#l# "u7uh #s# 7on&%e& en$e7#7&#n 3enin&#"#n &#!#% ul# !#l# !#%#h #&i7#" o7ilis#si li&oen !#%i h#"i !#n o"o"6 Se"el#h li&oen !#l# o"o" !#n h#"i h#7is see%# ul# !#l# !#%#h !ih#7is&#n /u# s#3#i $#n &e%#'un#n enin#l6
Mekan(sme E-ek Hemo(%(k Dar( To,o-a/(n
<e#"i#n !#3#" "e%/#!i &#%en# "e%7en"u&n$# hi!%oen 3e%o&si!# *H2O2- $#n 7#n$#&
"e%7en"u& "#n3# !ii7#ni en;i &#"#l#se $#n 'u&u3 !#%i "u7uh6 Me&#nise $#n "e%/#!i $#i"u "oo4l#)in !#3#" e7#=# ele&"%on #n"#%# NADH !#n o&sien $#n eun&in&#n &e%/# si"o&%o !i7u#" 3in"#s sehin# enh#sil&#n hi!%oen 3e%o&si!#6 Re#&si $#n "e%/#!i #!#l#h se7##i 7e%i&u" :
NADH To&s6 K To&s65H2 2 NAD
To&s65H2 O2 K To&s6 H2O2
S"%es o&si!#"i4 "#7#h#n $#n en$e7#7&#n 3enin&#"#n H2O2 en#&i7#"&#n "u%unn$#
&onsen"%#si GSH !i !#l# sel &e "#h#3 "e%"en"u6 Ini en$e7#7&#n uus sul4ihi!%il 3#!# 7e7e%#3# 3%o"ein $#n 3en"in en/#!i &%isis !#n "i!#& !#3#" !i3e%"#h#n&#n !#l# 7en"u&
"e%e!u&si6 Te%/#!i 3enin&#"#n &e'e3#"#n o&si!#si heolo7in en/#!i e"heolo7in*Mu%%#$ e" #l6 2000-6 O&si!#si ini en$e7#7&#n heolo7in "e%!en#"u%#si !#n !ile3#s&#n He e&e 3e%u&##n e7%#ne e%i"%osi"*?hiu #n! Liu 1@@B-6 Heolo7in $#n "e%o&si!#si en#l#i 3enin&#"#n sil#n #n"#%# s#"u !en#n $#n l#in oleh i&#"#n !isul4i!# en$e7#7&#n "e%7en"u&n$# su#"u /e7#"#n $#n sel#n/u"n$# !io&si!#si e7en"u& #%e#"!ise7u" se7##i 7#h#n Hein; *Hein; 7o!$-*O!uol# #n! Ol#$in&#
200,-To&so4l#)in /u# !#3#" en$e7#7&#n "e%h#7#"n$# "%#ns3o% Glu&os# &e !#l# e%i"%osi" !#n en$e7#7&#n heolisis &#%en# "e%h#7#"n$# #&"i)i"#s en;i lu"##" "%#ns4e%#se !#n #l&#li 4os4#"#se !#l# e%i"%osi"6
#ARA PENANGGLANGAN DAN PENGOBATAN SERTA MEKANISME
OBAT TERAPI KERA#NAN TEMPE BONGKREK.
Us#h#5us#h# un"u& enhin!#%i "i7uln$# %#'un 3#!# 3e7u#"#n "e3e 7on&%e& #n"#% l#in :
16 Den#n 3en#7#h#n #n /#u% Monilla sitophila se7##i 3en#n"i #n 7on&%e&6 <#3#n ini #3u e#n4##"&#n sis# in$#& &el#3# $#n #sih "e%!#3#" !#l# #3#s &el#3# !#l# =#&"u seh#%i se#l# sehin# 7#&"e%i P.cocovenenans "i!#& !#3#" e3%o!u&si "o&sin6 9il# "e%&on"#in#si !en#n 7#&"e%i 7on&%e& #"#u Pseudomonas cocovenenans "i!#& "e%7en"u& %#'un n#un 7u&#n "e3e 7on&%e&
$#n !ih#sil&#n el#in&#n on'o6
26 Den#n 3en#7#h#n #n"i7io"i& Au%eo$'in !#n Te%%#$'in un"u& en'e#h 3e%"u7uh#n 7#&"e%i P.cocovenenans6 N#un &#%en# #h#l !#n suli" !i'#%i s##" ini
#n"i7io"i& su!#h "i!#& !iun#&#n l#i6
+6 Den#n 3en#7#h#n !#un '#lin'in #"#u Oxalis sepium $#n se%in !iun#&#n un"u& e7u#" s#$u% #s# !#un '#lin'in ini sel#in !#3#" enh#7#" 3e%"u7uh#n 7#&"e%i 7on&%e& /u# e%u3#&#n #n"i!o"u *3en#=#% %#'un- &e%#'un#n #s# 7on&%e&6 <#n!un#n #s#n$# !#3#" enh#7#" 3e%"u7uh#n 7#&"e%i P.cocovenenans, se3e%"i #s# o&s#l#" 00 #s# si"%#" 00 !#n #s#5#s# "#%"%#" #l#" !#l# /ul#h se!i&i"6 N#un 3en#7#h#n !#un se#% 3#!# 3e7u#"#n "e3e 7on&%e& ini en$e7#7&#n "i7uln$# =#%n# hi/#u !#n %#s#n$# ##& #s# sehin# &u%#n !isu&#i6
,6 Den#n 3en#7#h#n #%# !#3u% * N#?l - 1 J 2 3#!# #3#s &el#3# /u# !#3#" enh#7#" 3e%"u7uh#n 7#&"e%i 7on&%e& sehin# 7is# en'e#h 3e7en"u&#n #s# 7on&%e&6
6 Mel#%#n #!#n$# 3en/u#l#n "e3e 7on&%e& el#lui %eul#si 3ee%in"#h6
An"i!o"u s3esi4i& &e%#'un#n 7on&%e& 7elu #!#6 Te%#3i nons3esi4i& !i"u/u&#n un"u& en$el##"&#n n$#=# en'e#h #7so%7si %#'un le7ih l#n/u" !#n e3e%'e3#" e&s&%esi6 A"#si #nu#n si%&ul#si !#n %es3i%#si 7e%i #%#n #&"i46
Tin!#&#n $#n !#3#" !il#&u&#n /i&# &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e& #n"#%# l#in:
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26 9e%i&#n no%i" 20 "#7le" *!ie%us !#n !i#!u& !en#n #i% !#l# el#s- se&#lius !#n ul#ni 1 /# &eu!i#n6
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Pengo&a%an *an Mekan(sme *ar( o&a% %erap( keracunan %empe &ongkrek
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• Gukosa (n%ra/ena
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BAB I< KESIMPLAN DAN SARAN
KESIMPLAN
<e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e& !ise7#7&#n &#%en# #!#n$# 3e%"u7uh#n !#%i 7#&"e%i Pseu!oon#s 'o'oni)e%us $#n enh#sil&#n "o&sin Too4l#)in !#n #s# 7on&%e& $#n e%u3#&#n %#'un 3e%n#4#s#n $#n s#n#" 7e%7#h#$#6 A!#3un e/#l# !#%i &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e& #!#l#h 3usin u#l un"#h s#&i" 3e%u" !i#%e &e/#n hin# ulu" 7e%7us#6
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SARAN
Di3e%lu&#n #!#n$# &e%/#s## !#%i selu%uh #no"# #s$#%#&#" &hususn$# "en## &eseh#"#n !#n 3ee%in"#h !#l# e7e%i&#n 3en$uluh#n &e3#!# #s$#%#&#" "en"#n 7#h#$# %#'un !#%i "e3e 7on&%e& !#n 7##i#n# 3e%"olon#n 3e%"## $#n h#%us !i7e%i&#n &e3#!# o%#n $#n en#l#i &e%#'un#n "e3e 7on&%e&6
DAFTAR PSTAKA
Anoni6 *201+-6 Keracunan Tempe Bongkrek.h""3:n#!i#n#li;"67los3o"6'o201+0.&e%#'un#n5"e3e57on&%e&6h"l
Anoni6 *201,-6 sam Bongkrek, sam Beracun !ari Tempe.6 h""3:7is#&ii#6'o201,0+20#s#57on&%e&5#s#57e%#'un5!#%i5"e3e6
Desh3#n!e SS6 *2002-6 "and#ook o$ %ood Toxicology6 Ne= Yo%&: ?R? P%ess
M#ni& Mu%ni#"i !% MS' S3<<6 *200+-6 K&R'()) MK)) 6 Me!#n: Dii"#l Li7%#%$ Uni)e%si"#s Su#"e%# U"#%#6
Pu"%i L A!e6 !&&6 *200+-6 Penyehatan Makanan * Minuman Kasus Keracunan Tempe Bongkrek +spek Biologi. >#&#%"# : Pol"e&&es <een&es >#&#%"# II6
