Khaerul Ma’ruf, 2014
The representation of egyptian and Syrian governments in BBC and CNN texts regarding the civil wars in egypt and Syria
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE OF APPROVAL ... i
DECLARATION ... ii
PREFACE ... iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... iv
ABSTRACT ... v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vi
LIST OF TABLES ... ix
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1. Introduction ... 1
1.2. Research Questions ... 4
1.3. Aims of the Study ... 4
1.4. Scope of the Study ... 4
1.5. Significance of the Study ... 5
Khaerul Ma’ruf, 2014
The representation of egyptian and Syrian governments in BBC and CNN texts regarding the civil wars in egypt and Syria
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
1.7. Organization of the Paper ... 6
CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL FOUNDATION ... 7
2.1. Critical Discourse Analysis ... 7
2.1.1. Discourse Analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis ... 7
2.1.2. Ideology, Power, and Critique ... 9
2.1.3. Principles of Critical Discourse Analysis ... 10
2.2. The Media and Media Discourse ... 11
2.3. Representation of Social Actor ... 13
2.3.1. Exclusion ... 14
2.3.2. Inclusion ... 15
2.4. Representation of Action: Transitivity ... 21
2.5. Previous Studies ... 24
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 27
3.1. Research Design ... 27
3.2. Data Collection ... 28
Khaerul Ma’ruf, 2014
The representation of egyptian and Syrian governments in BBC and CNN texts regarding the civil wars in egypt and Syria
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 30
4.1. The Representation of the Egyptian and Syrian Governments through the Combination van Leeuwen’s Social Actor Classification and Transitivity ... 30
4.1.1. Exclusion in the Representation of the Egyptian and Syrian Governments in BBC and CNN ... 33
4.1.2. Inclusion in the Representation of the Egyptian and Syrian Governments in BBC and CNN ... 35
4.1.2.1. Personalization and Impersonalization ... 52
4.1.2.1.1. Personalization ... 53
4.1.2.1.2. Impersonalization ... 65
4.2. Overall Remark of Representation ... 67
4.3. Ideologies of BBC and CNN behind Representation of the Egyptian and Syrian Governments ... 69
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 72
5.1 Conclusions ... 72
5.2 Suggestions ... 73
Khaerul Ma’ruf, 2014
The representation of egyptian and Syrian governments in BBC and CNN texts regarding the civil wars in egypt and Syria
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Appendices
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2. 1. List of Verbal Process ... 24
Table 4. 1. Distribution of Inclusion and Exclusion in BBC and CNN that Represent
the Egyptian Government ... 31
Table 4. 2. Distribution of Inclusion and Exclusion in BBC and CNN that Represent
Khaerul Ma’ruf, 2014
The representation of egyptian and Syrian governments in BBC and CNN texts regarding the civil wars in egypt and Syria
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Table 4. 3. The Distribution of Types of Exclusion of the Syrian Government in BBC
and CNN ... 33
Table 4. 4. Distribution of Included Egypt Government in BBC and CNN ... 36
Table 4. 5. Distribution of Included Syrian Government in BBC and CNN ... 38
Table 4. 6. Distribution of Category of Included Egyptian Government in BBC
... 50
Table 4. 7. Distribution of Category of Included Egyptian Government in CNN
... 50
Table 4. 8. Distribution of Category of Included Syrian Government in BBC .. 51
Table 4. 9. Distribution of Category of Included Syrian Government in CNN .. 51
Table 4. 10. The Distribution of Personalization and Impersonalization in BBC and
CNN which represent the Egyptian Government ... 52
Table 4. 11. The Distribution of Personalization and Impersonalization in BBC and
CNN which represent the Syrian Government ... 53
Table 4. 12. Distribution of Personalization-Determination of the Egyptian
Government in BBC and CNN ... 54
Table 4. 13. Distribution of Personalization-Determination of the Syrian Government
Khaerul Ma’ruf, 2014
The representation of egyptian and Syrian governments in BBC and CNN texts regarding the civil wars in egypt and Syria
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
Table 4. 14. Distribution of Personalization-Genericization/ Specification of the
Egyptian Government in BBC and CNN ... 62
Table 4. 15. Distribution of Personalization-Genericization/ Specification of the
