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URGENSI RATIFIKASI PROTOCOL OF SPACE ASSET 2012 SERTA IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP HUKUM RUANG ANGKASA
INDONESIA.
Ida Ayu Tita Rahmawidiani 110110110552
Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia membutuhkan pengadaan satelit secara terus menerus guna menyatukan komunikasi Negara Republik Indonesia. Namun, jumlah satelit yang dimiliki Indonesia masih sangat minim jika dibandingkan dengan kebutuhan Indonesia akan satelit. Pembiayaan sebuah satelit biasanya melalui leasing atau sewa guna usaha dengan jaminan aset ruang angkasa tersebut. Permasalahan hukum yang muncul adalah terjadi perbedaan penerapan hukum jaminan yang dipraktikan negara-negara, yang menyebabkan tidak adanya kepastian hukum mengenai jaminan aset ruang angkasa yang diakui dan dapat dilaksanakan secara internasional. Untuk menjawab permasalah ini, maka dibuatlah Protocol of Space Assets 2012 oleh UNIDROIT, yang merupakan ketentuan lanjutan dari Cape Town Convetion 2001. Protocol of Space Assets 2012 merupakan suatu perjanjian internasional yang bertujuan untuk mengharmonisasi hukum jaminan terhadap aset ruang angkasa yang terjadi perbedaan penerapan dibeberapa negara, menjadi sebuah hukum baru yang diakui secara internasional. Selain itu Protocol of Space Assets 2012 juga mengatur mengenai pendaftaran internasional yang memperjelas posisi kreditur terhadap jaminan apabila terjadi cedera janji yang dilakukan oleh debitur. Akibatnya terdapat kepastian hukum, yang dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan kreditur untuk mengeluarkan dananya guna kegiatan ruang angkasa.
Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif untuk menjawab permasalahan dalam skripsi ini dengan menitikberatkan pada penelitian kepustakaan dan data sekunder yang berkaitan dengan pengaturan hukum jaminan internasional pada aset ruang angkasa yang diatur dalam Protocol of Space Assets 2012.
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URGENCY OF INDONESIA TO RATIFY PROTOCOL OF SPACE ASSETS 2012 AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON INDONESIA’S OUTER SPACE ACTIVITIES AND
OUTER SPACE LAW
As we know that Indonesia known as the biggest maritime in the world continously needs to provide of satelite in order to unite communication system in Indonesia. Furthermore, it increases due to the needs of Indonesian people to get in contact with others by using communication technology, such as: handphone, internet, television. Thus it will impact the needs of satelites increase as well. However, the available satelites now in Indonesia are limited. In addition, the cost needed is still high. The solution of this problem is by using leasing company with the space assets as the guarantee. The problem appeared then is the difference of the implementation of security law which is practiced by some countries. This can cause the uncertainty of the security law which is internationally recognised and practiced. Thus, to solve this problem, the Protocol Space Assets 2012 was made by UNIDROIT which was the extention of the Cape Townlaw convention 2001. Protocol Space Assets 2012 is the international agreement which is used for harmonizing the security law on space assets if there is a different implementation of this law in some countries. Besides, this law will regulate the international registration of creditors which will make them secure their positions if there is default made by debitors. This will give a good impact on creditors to issue the fund needed by space activities. Another benefit gained is that the bank will reduce the cost of space assets’ procurement.
In this research, the writer uses the metodology of normative jurisdiction to find the solution of the problem which focuses on the library research and secondary data related with the regulation of the security law on space assets regulated on Protocol of Space Assets 2012.
The result of this research shows that the benefits gained by Indonesia due to the ratification of Protocol of Space Assets 2012 are varied. Those are (1) the ease of access to get the fund in order to increase the space activities in Indonesia with the lower cost, and in addition(2) this will give some implications for Indonesia to reconsider on
