i
AN ANALYSIS OF PARATAXIS AND HYPOTAXIS
IN THE POLITICAL ARTICLESOF THE JAKARTA POST
IN SEPTEMBER 2012 EDITION
By:
RITA PUSPITASARI WIDIASTUTI NIM 200932158
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
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AN ANALYSIS OF PARATAXIS AND HYPOTAXIS IN THE POLITICAL ARTICLESOF THE JAKARTA POST IN SEPTEMBER 2012 EDITION
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in the Department of English Education
By:
RITA PUSPITASARI WIDIASTUTI NIM 200932158
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVESITY
2013
MOTTO
Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.
“Real success is determined by two factors. The first is faith and second is
action”.(Albert Einstein)
DEDICATION
This skripsi is dedicated to:
My beloved father and mother.
My beloved sister and brothers.
My beloved boyfriend.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, the most gracious and the most merciful, in this
occasion, I like to express gratitude to the God, Allah S. W. T, who has given
mercies and blessing so I can accomplish this skripsi entitled An Analysis of
Parataxis and Hypotaxis in the Political Articles of the Jakarta Post in September
2012 Edition. During compilation of this skripsi, many people have earned my
gratitude for helping this skripsi. I would like offer particular thanks for the
following contribution.They are:
1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the dean of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2. Diah Kurniati, S. Pd, M.Pd, as the head of English Education Department of
Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University
3. Rismiyanto, S. S, M. Pd as second advisor who has given spirit, instruction,
wise tuition, accurate and an existing impression till thi skripsi can be
accomplished.
4. The entire lecturers of English Education Department, Teacher Training and
Education Faculty who have been supplying a wide knowledge and giving
motivation so the writer can finish this skripsi.
5. My parents whoalways support and pray the success, give material and
spiritual aid and lots of motivation.
6. My sister and my brother who always be a motivation to complete this
7. My boyfriend, Tomy who always accompanies and supports me.
8. All my best friends who always support the accomplishment of the skripsi.
9. All people who gave aid support for accomplishment of this skripsi.
Kudus, July 2013
ix ABSTRACT
Widiastuti, Rita Puspitasari. 2013. An Analysis of Parataxis and Hypotaxis in the
Political Articlesof the Jakarta Post in September 2012
Edition.Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors:(I) Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M. Pd, (II) Rismiyanto S.S, M.Pd.
Key words: Parataxis, hypotaxis, political articles, the Jakarta Post
Language has so many interelationships with various aspects of human life. According to Halliday language is divided into written and spoken. In written language is more difficult than spooken one, so the autor have to pay attention with grammar to produce a text. A text consists of clauses. Based on whether the clause can stand alone or not, it is divided into dependent and independent clause. Meanwhile, we can call parataxis and hypotaxis base on the system of interdepency or taxis.Study about paratxis and hypotaxis, it is still confusing for the students of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. To solve this problem, the teacher should use media. There are a lot of media in our environment. One of them is newspaper. A newspaper consists of many sentences and clauses which are parataxis and hypotaxis. The english newspaper in Indonesia is the Jakarta Post. The Jakarta Post has a lot of news.The political articles to be analyzed because the political articles of the Jakarta Post there are clause complex which can be analyzed. And the political articles has some clause that difficult to be understood and there are clauses that compose clause complex, whether it is parataxis or hypotaxis.
The objective of the Research is to find out the parataxis and hypotaxis realized in the political article of the Jakarta Post in September 2012 edition.
This is a qualitative descriptive research. The data of this reseach is parataxis and hypotaxis which are realized in the political article of Jakarta Post in September 2012 edition. And the data source is the political articles of the Jakarta Post in September 2012 edition.
In the findings of the research, the analysis shows that the five political articles of the Jakarta Post in September 2012 dominantly use hypotaxis constructions. In the first political articles there are 10 parataxis and 17 hypotaxis. In the second poliical articles there are 8 parataxis and 18 hypotaxis. In the third poliical articles there are 9 parataxis and 19 hypotaxis. In the fourth poliical articles there are 2 parataxis and 10 hypotaxis. And In the fifth poliical articles there are 13 parataxis and 15 hypotaxis.
xi ABSTRAK
Widiastuti, Rita Puspitasari. 2013.Analisis Parataxis dan Hypotaxis dalam Artikel
Politik di Jakarta Post pada Bulan September Edisi
2012.Skripsi.Program StudiPendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus.Pembimbing:(i) Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M. Pd. (ii) Rismiyanto S.S, M.Pd.
Kata-kata kunci:Parataxis, hypotaxis, artikel politik, Jakarta Post
Bahasa memiliki banyak hubungan dengan berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia. Menurut Halliday bahasa dibagi menjadi lisan dan tulisan. Dalam bahasa tulis lebih sulit daripada lisan, sehingga penulis harus memperhatikan tata bahasa untuk menghasilkan teks. Sebuah teks terdiri dari klausa. Berdasarkan pada, apakah klausa dapat berdiri sendiri atau tidak, dibagi menjadi klausa berdiri sendiri dan kalusa yang bergantung. Sementara itu, kita dapat menyebutnya parataxis dan hypotaxis berdasarkan pada sistem interdepency atau taxsi. Pembelajaran tentang paratxis dan hypotaxis, masih membingungkan bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, guru harus menggunakan media. Ada banyak media di sekitar kita. Salah satunya adalah surat kabar. Sebuah surat kabar terdiri dari banyak kalimat dan klausa yang terdiri dari parataxis dan hypotaxis. Surat kabar bebahasa Inggris di Indonesia adalah Jakarta Post. Jakarta Post memiliki banyak berita. Artikel politik dianalisis karena artikel politik Jakarta Post terdapat klausa kompleks yang dapat dianalisis. Dan artikel politik memiliki beberapa klausa yang sulit dipahami dan ada klausa yang membentuk klausa kompleks, apakah itu parataxis atau hypotatis.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui parataxis dan hypotaxis direalisasikan dalam artikel politik di Jakarta Post edisi September 2012.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dari penelitian ini adalah parataxis dan hypotaxis yang diwujudkan dalam artikel politik Jakarta Post pada September 2012 edisi. Dan sumber data adalah artikel politik di Jakarta Post edisi September 2012.
Dalam penemuan penelitian, analisis menunjukkan bahwa lima artikel politik Jakarta Post pada September 2012 dominan menggunakan konstruksi hypotaxis. Dalam artikel politik pertama ada 10 parataxis dan 17 hypotaxis. Dalam artikel poliical kedua ada 8 parataxis dan 18 hypotaxis. Dalam artikel poliical ketiga ada 9 parataxis dan 19 hypotaxis. Dalam artikel poliical keempat ada 2 parataxis dan 10 hypotaxis. Dan Dalam artikel poliical kelima ada 13 parataxis dan 15 hypotaxis.
xiii LIST OF APPENDICES ... xviii
LIST OF SYMBOLS ... xix
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research ...1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ... 4
1.3 objective of the Research ...4
1.4 Significance of the Research ... 4
1.5Scope of the Research ...5
1.6 Operational Definition ... 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Discourse ... 7
2.2 Grammar ... 8
2.2.1 Traditional Grammar ... 8
2.2.2 Formal Grammar ...8
2.2.3 Functional Grammar ... 8
2.3.1 Clause Complex... 10
2.3.2 Clause ... 10
2.3.3 Group/ Phrase ... 11
2.3.4 Word ...11
2.3.5 Morpheme ... 11
2.4 Type of Relation between Clauses ... 12
2.5 Conjunction ... 18
2.6 Text and Taxis ... 19
2.7 Political Issue as Editorial Article ... 20
2.8 Review of Previous Research ... 21
2.9Theoretical Framework ...22
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 3.1 Design of the Research ... 24
3.2.Dataand Data Source ... 25
3.3 Data Collection ... 25
3.4. Data Analysis ... 26
CHAPTER IVFINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 Parataxis andHypotaxis in Political Articles of the Jakarta Post in September 2012 Edition ...30
4.1.1The First Article “Political parties ignore requests for financial reports” .. 30
4.1.2 The Second Article “Ministry thumbs nose at KPK ... 35
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4.1.4 The Fourth Article“KPK gives stay-away cops 12-hour grilling” ... 44
4.1.5 The Fifth Article “Experts predict Jokowi to face challenges from Council, citizens” ... 46
CHAPTERV DISCUSSION OF THE RESEARCH 5.1 Parataxis and Hypotaxis in the Political Articles of the Jakarta Post in September 2012 Edition ... 55
CHAPTER VICONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion ... 73
6.2 Suggestion ... 74
REFERENCES ... 76
APPENDICES ... 78
LIST OF TABLES
4.6 The result of parataxis and hypotaxis in the politicaal articles of the
Jakarta Post in September 2012 Edition ...
50
4.7 The amount of parataxis and hypotaxis in the politicaal articles of
the Jakarta Post in September 2012 Edition ...
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
LIST OF SYMBOLS
Notations Meaning
Cat : Category
LSR : Logico-Semantic Relation
P : Parataxis (1, 2, 3, and so on)
H : Hypotaxis (α, β, γ, and so on)
E : Expansion
El : Elaboration (=)
Ex : Extension (+)
En : Enhancement (x)
Pr : Projection
L : Locution (“)
