SO 8 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
S. SALSOLA L
6. GLYCYBRHIZA L
1. Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutt. Wild licorice. Occasional about Belton and the east entrance, on dry banks or along streams. Wash, to Calif,, Mex., N. Y., and Ont.—Perennial, 0.3 to 1 meter high, glabrous or nearly so, branched; leaflets 11 to 19, oblong, 2 to 3.5 cm. long, entire, gland -dotted; flowers 12 mm. long, yellowish or greenish white, in racemes; pod about 1.5 cm. loilg, covered with hooked prickles.
The licorice of commerce is obtained from a species of Glycyrrhiza which grows in the Mediterranean region. < *
6. HEDYSARUM L, Hedysarum.
Perennials with leafy stems; leaflets numerous, entire; flowers in long racemes;
pods flat, scalloped along both edges, not opening.
Leaflets gray, densely silky-hairy; fruit with appressed hairs; teeth of the calyx longer than the tube 1. H, cinerascens.
Leaflets green, with few scattered appressed hairs; fruit glabrous; teeth of calyx shorter than the tube.
Flowers yellowish white 8. H. sulphurescens.
Flowers pink or purple 3. H. americanum.
1. Hedysarum cinerascens Rydb. Gray hedysarum. Hillsides at east entrance, Umbach. Alta. to Utah and N. Dak.—Plants 30 to 50 cm. high; leaflets 9 to 15, oval, 1 to 2 cm. long, obtuse; corolla purple, about 1,5 cm. long; pods 6 to 8 mm. long.
S. Hedysarum sulphurescens Rydb. Yellow hedysarum. Common at nearly all altitudes, especially on the east slope, mostly on open hillsides or rock slides or in meadows. B, C. and Alta. to Wyo.—Plants usually 30 to 50 cm. high, nearly glabrous; leaflets 11 to 15, oval or oblong, 1 to 3 cm. long; corolla about 1.5 cm. long;
pods 8 to 20 mm, long, 2.5 to 4 mm. wide.
A rather handsome plant when in flower, resembling some species of Astragalus.
Above timber line the plants are frequently only 10 cm. high.
3. Hedysarum americanum (Michx.) Britton, Purple hedysarum. Apparently rare; shale slide at east entrance; sandbar along lowest Swiftcurrent Lake. Alaska to Wyo., Vt., and Lab.—Plants 20 to 50 cm. high, in clumps, nearly glabrous; leaflets II to 21, oval or oblong, 1 to 3 cm. long, obtuse; corolla 12 to 15 mm. long; pods with 3 to 5 joints,
7. ASTRAGALUS L, Milkvetch.
Perennials; leaves odd-pinnate, the leaflets entire; flowers white, yellow, or purple, in spikes or racemes; pods very variable, flat or terete, thin or woody, sometimes inflated.
Pods covered with short black hairs.
Pods not flattened from the sides; leaflets usually notched at the apex.
1. A. alpinus.
Pods strongly flattened from the sides; leaflets not notched.
Corolla white or cream-colored; pods long-stalked in the calyx . . 8. A. macounii.
Corolla purple; pods nearly sessile 3. A. bourgovii.
Pods glabrous or with white or gray hairs.
Leaflets glabrous on the upper surface; flowers white or pale yellow, sometime*
tinged with purple.
STANDLEY—FLORA OF GLACIER PARK. 371
Leaflets 1.5 to 4 mm. wide.
Pods flattened from the Bides; leaflets obtuse 4. A. tenellus.
Pods not flattened; leaflets notched at the apex £. A. flezuosns.
Leaflets 5 to 20 mm. wide.
Pods sessile in the calyx, thick and hard, not inflated; flowers nearly sessile.
6. A. carolinianus.
Pods stalked, thin, inflated; flowers slender-pediceled ... 7. A, americanns.
Leaflets finely or coarsely hairy on both surfaces, rarely glabrous on the upper surface, but the flowers then purple.
Pods glabrous or nearly so.
Leaflets with loose spreading hairs 8. A. aboriginum.
Leaflets with appressed silky hairs 9. A. forwoodii.
Pods densely hairy.
Leaves and stems with loose spreading hairs; flowers pale yellow.
10. A. dnunmondil.
Leaves and stems with fine appressed hairs; flowers purple or purplish.
Flowers 6 to 8 mm. long; pods about 8 mm. long .... 11. A. vexiUiflexus.
Flowers 15 to 20 mm. long; pods 10 to 25 mm. long.
Pod about 1 cm. long, not compressed; leaflets green, thinly silky,
12. A. goniatus.
Pod 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, compressed; leaflets gray, densely silky.
13. A. missouriensis.
1. Astragalus alpinus L. Frequent above timber line, on open rocky slopes or rock slides; also along creek at east entrance. Alaska to N. Mex., Vt., and Lab.;
also in Eur. and Asia. (Tium alpinum Rydb.)—Stems ascending or spreading, 10 to 25 cm. high, slender; leaflets 13 to 25, oval or rounded, 4 to 10 mm. long, with appressed hairs on one or both surfaces, usually shallowly notched; flowers purplish,
8 to 12 mm. long; calyx black-hairy; pod about 1 cm. long.
2. Astragalus xnacounii Rydb. Frequent at low and middle altitudes and some- times above timber line, in moist woods or thickets, along streams, or on open slopes.
B.C. and Alta to Colo. (Atelophragma macounii Rydb.)—Stems slender, 30 to 60 cm. high, nearly glabrous; leaflets 9 to 17, oval or oblong, 1.5 to 3 cm. long, glabrous on the upper surface; calyx black-hairy; corolla about 8 mm. long; pods 1.5 to 2
cm. long.
Above timber line the plants are sometimes only 10 cm. high.
3. Astragalus bouxgovii A. Gray. Common above and near timber line, in meadows and on rock slides; sometimes in woods or on open slopes at middle altitudes.
B. C. and Mont, to S. Dak. (Homalobus bourgomi Rydb.)—Stems slender, 10 to 30 cm. long, erect or ascending, densely tufted; leaflets numerous, oblong, 4 to 10 mm.
long, with sparse appressed hairs on both surfaces; flowers 8 to 10 mm. long, in a lax raceme, purple or violet; calyx black-hairy; pod 1 to 1.5 cm, long.
A graceful and handsome plant, often abundant in alpine meadows.
4. Astragalus tenellus Pursh. Occasional on the east slope at low altitudes, in creek beds or on open hillsides. Yukon to Utah and Nebr. (Homalobus tenellus Britton.)—Stems stout, erect, 20 to 40 cm. high, tufted; leaflets 13 to 21, linear or narrowly oblong, 8 to 12 mm. long, nearly glabrous; flowers about 1 cm. long, in short dense racemes; pods 8 to 12 mm. long, about 3 mm. wide, short-stalked.
5. Astragalus flexuosus Dougl. Hillsides at east entrance, Umback. Alta to Utah, N. Mex., and Minn. (Homalobus ftextio&uz Rydb.)—Stems erect or ascending, 30 to 60 cm. long; leaflets 13 to 21, narrowly oblong, 5 to 15 mm. long, nearly glabrous;
flowers about 1 cm. long, in long loose racemes; calyx white-hairy; pods 1.5 to 2 cm.
long, 4 mm. thick, with appressed hairs.
2048—21 10
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372 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
6. Astragalus carolinlanus L. Bel ton, in low woods and in thickets along river, B. C. to N. Mex., Fla., and Que. (vi. canadenxis L.)—Stems stout, 30 to 80 cm. high;
leaflets 15 to 25, oval to oblong, 2 to 4 cm. long, nearly glabrous; flowers 1.5 cm. long, in dense racemes; pod 1 to 1.5 cm. long, terete or nearly so, thick, glabrous, long- beaked.
7. Astragalus americanus (Hook.) Jones. Frequent on the east slope at low alti- tudes, in thickets and along streams, Yukon to Wyo. and Que. (Phaca americana Rydb.)—Stems stout, erect, clustered, 30 to 80 cm. high; leaflets 7 to 17, oval or oblong, 2 to 4 cm. long, obtuse; flowers yellowish white, 12 mm. long, in dense racemes; pods glabrous, about 2 cm. long.
8. Astragalus aboriginum Richards. Trail to Iceberg Lake, on open bank. Yukon to Nev., Colo., and Bask. (Atelophragma aboriginum, Rydb.)—Stems tufted, ascend- ing, 20 to 30 cm. long, short-hairy; leaflets 9 to 15, narrowly oblong, 1 to 2 cm. long, acute or obtuse; flowers yellowish white, 1 cm. long, in loose racemes; pod 1.5 to 2 cm. long, slender-stalked, acute.
9. Astragalus forwoodli S. Wats. Occasional on the east slope at low altitudes, on open brushy hillsides. Mont., Wyo., and S. Dak. (Atelophragmaforwoodii Rydb.)—
Stems ascending, tufted, 10 to 30 cm. long; leaflets 9 to 17, oblong, 1 to 1.5 cm. long, acute or obtuse; flowers 7 to 8 mm, long, yellowish white, tipped with purple, in loose racemes; pod 1.5 to 2 cm. long, slender-stalked.
10. Astragalus drummondii Dougl. Occasional on the east slope at low altitudes, on open hillsides. Alta. to N. Mex. and Nebr. (Tiurn drummondii Rydb.)—Stems erect, 30 to 60 cm. high, stout, hairy; leaflet* 25 to 31, oblong, obtuse, about 1 cm.
long; flowers 1.5 to 2 cm. long, cream-colored; pods 2 to 2.5 cm. long, slender-stalked.
11. Astragalus vexilliflexus Sheld. Common on the east slope at low altitudes, on prairie or open hillsides, or in thickets. B. C. to Wyo. and Sask. (Homalobus vexilli- jlexus Sheld.)—Stems slender, ascending or prostrate, 10 to 30 cm. long, often forming dense mats; leaflets 7 to 11, oblong, 3 to 12 mm. long, densely covered, at least beneath, with appressed hairs; flowers purplish, 8 mm. long, in loose racemes; pod about 3 mm. wide, sessile.
12. Astragalus goniatus Nutt. Occasional on the east slope at low altitudes, on open or brushy hillsides. B. C. to N. Mex. and Sask.—Stems 10 to 20 cm. high, densely tufted, ascending; leaflets 15 to 21, oblong, obtuse, 5 to 12 mm, long; flowers 1.5 cm. long, purple, in dense headlike spikes; calyx usually with black hairs; pod about 1 cm. long, white-hairy.
13. Astragalus missouxiensis Nutt. Belton, on dry gravel bank. Mont, to N. Mex.
and Kans. (Xylophacos missouriensis Rydb.)—Stems 5 to 10 cm. long, densely clustered; leaflets 11 to 21, elliptic or obovate, 5 to 15 mm. long; flowers purple, in a short dense raceme; pod 7 to 8 mm. wide, long-beaked.
8. OXYTROPXS DC. Locoweed.
Perennials; leaves often all basal, with numerous leaflets; flowers usually in dense spikes, purple or yellowish white; pods mostly sessile, often partially 2-celled.—
Some, at least, of the species of this genus are poisonous to stock, causing temporary paralysis or sometimes death.
Stems leafy; pods drooping I, O. defleia.
Stems naked; pods erect.
Leaflets whorled 2. O. splendens.
Leaflets opposite or alternate, not whorled.
Flowers 1 to 4, on a stalk 4 cm. high or less 8. O. parryi.
Flowers usually more than 4, often very numerous, on a stalk 5 to 30 cm. high.
Leaflets and stems with numerous viscid glands; corolla purplish, at least when withered 4. O. viscida.
STANDLEY—FLORA OF GLACIER PARK 37a
Leaflets and stems without glands; corolla yellowish white or yellow.
Stems usually 15 to 20 cm. high; calyx without black hairs .5. O, gracilitf.
Stems usually less than 15 cm. high; calyx with black hairs.
Corolla about 1.5 cm. long; flowers few, yellowish white.
6. O. alpicola.
Corolla about 2 cm. long; flowers numerous, yellow 7. O. spicata.
1. Oxytropis deflexa (Pall.) DC. Occasional at low altitudes, in woods or thickets.
Alaska to N. Mex. and Idaho; also in Asia. (Aragallus deflcxus Ileller.)—Stems ascending, 10 to 40 cm. long, loosely hairy; leaflets 25 to 41, 5 to 15 mm. long, acute,
loosely hairy; flowers dirty white, tipped with blue, 6 to 9 mm. long, in loose racemes; pod black-hairy.
2. Oxytropis splendens Dougl. Frequent on the east slope at low altitudes, on open hillsides or flats. Yukon to 11. C., N. Mex., and Minn. {Aragallus splendem Greene; A. riekardsonii Greene.)—Plants 10 to 30 cm. high, covered with long loose silky hairs; leaflets very numerous, 8 to 20 mm. long, acute or obtuse; flowers red-purple, 10 to 15 mm. long, in dense spikes; pods 1 to 1.5 cm. long, densely hairy.
3. Oxytropis parryi A. Gray. Above Sexton Glacier, on wind-swept rocky summit.
Mont, to N. Mex. {Aragallus parryi Greene.)—Plants prostrate or nearly so, tufted;
leaflets 11 to 19, 4 to 8 mm. long, silky-hairy; calyx black-hairy; corolla purple, 1.5 cm. long; pods 12 to 20 mm. long.
4. Oxytropis viscida Nutt. Frequent on the east slope at low altitudes, on dry open hillsides. Yukon to Nev. and Wyo. (Aragallus viscidus Greene; A. viscidulus Rydb.)—Plants 10 to 15 cm. high, forming dense clumps, very viscid and somewhat hairy; leaflets numerous, 5 to 12 mm. long, acute or obtuse; flowers in dense spikes;
corolla 12 mm. long; pods 1 to 1.5 < m. long, black-hairy.
5. Oxytropis gracilis (A. Nels.) Jones. Common on the east elope at low altitudes, on prairie or open hillsides. Alta. to Idaho and S. Dak. (Aragallus grccilu A.
Nels.)—Plants densely tufted, thinly silky-hairy; leaflets 21 to 31, 1 to 2 cm. long, acute; flowers in dense, often long spikes; corolla 1.5 cm. long, yellowish white;
pods about 2 cm. long.
6. Oxytropis alpicola (Rydb.) Jones. Common above timber line in meadows or on rock slides, li. C., Alta., and Mont. (Aragallus alpicola Rydb.)—Plants often densely tufted; leaflets 9 to 17, 5 to 10 mm. long, obtuse or acute, with appressed silky hairs.
7. Oxytropis spicata (Hook.) Standl, East entrance, on hillsides, Uitiback.
Alta. to Wyo. and S. Dak. (Aragallus spicatw Rydb.)—Leaflets oval or oblong, 8 to 20 mm. long, usually obtuse, thinly silky; pods often black-hairy.