SO 8 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM,
S. SALSOLA L
2. SPIRAEA L
Shrubs with toothed leaves; flowers in flat-topped panicles, small; fruit of 5 small pods.
Flowers deep reddish pink 1. S. densiflora.
Flowers white 2, S. lucida.
1. Spiraea densiflora Nutt. Pink meadowsweet. Common just above timber line in wet meadows or on open slopes, also in open or brushy places at middle altitudes.
B. C. to Oreg., Wyo,, and Mont.—Slender shrub, 0.5 to 1.5 meters high, with reddish brown branches; leaves oval or oblong, 1.5 to 3 cm. long, bright green, toothed above the middle, glabrous or nearly so; panicles narrow, dense; petals 1.5 mm. long,
A showy shrub, with very sweet-scented flowers, which last only a short time.
Their fragrance is often noticeable before the plants themselves are seen.
2. Spiraea lucida Dougl. White meadowsweet. Common at low and middle altitudes, among aspens, in thin woods, or on open slopes, sometimes extending up to or even above timber line. B. C. to Oreg,, Wyo., and Sask.—Low shrub, 30 to 60 cm. high, with creeping root stocks; leaves oval or obovate, 2 to 6 cm. long, glabrous,
rather pale, coarsely toothed; petals 2 mm. long.'
The flowers are nearly odorless; they last a long time.
3. SERICOTHECA Baf.
1. Serieotheca discolor (Pursh) Rydb. Mountain-spray. Frequent at low and middle altitudes, especially on the west slope, in thin woods or on open rocky hill*
sides; abundant about Sun Camp; rare in the Many Glacier region. B. C. to Calif, and Mont,—Slender shrub, 1 to 2 meters high; leaves ovate or oval, toothed, 4 to 10 cm. long, hairy; flowers creamy white, in dense pointed panicles 10 to 20 cm. long;
petals 1.5 to 2 mm. long; fruit of small hairy achenes inclosed in the calyx,
A handsome shrub, which remains in flower nearly all summer. The flowers are slightly fragrant.
4. FOTENTILIiA L. ClNQUEFOtL.
Herbs or shrubs; leaves compound, with 3 or more digitate or pinnate leaflets;
flowers in cymes or rarely solitary; petals yellow or sometimes purple; stamens usually 20; fruit of small achenes.
Plants shrubby 1. P. frnticosa.
Plants herbaceous.
Leaflets 3.
Cymes very leafy; leaflets green on both sides; plants not tufted.
2. P. monspeliensis.
Cymes not leafy; leaflets white-woolly beneath; plants in dense tufts or mats.
9. P. nivea.
Leaflets 5 or more.
Leaves pinnate, some of the leaflets attached along the sides of the petiole.
Plants with long runners; flowers solitary in the axils of small leaves on the runners . 16. P. anserine,
f
360 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
Plants without runners; flowers in cymes.
Petals purple 17. P. palustrls.
Petals yellow.
Leaflets almost equally white-hairy on both surfaces. ... 3. P. hippiana.
Leaflets green on the upper surface.
Leaflets toothed; style longer than the mature achene, slender.
4. P pulcheriima.
Leaflets deeply lobod; style not longer than the achene, thickened al the base.
Leaflets 7 to 15, grayish beneath 6. P. pennsylvanica.
Leaflets usually 5, white beneath 6. P. platyloba.
Leaves digitate, the leaflets all attached at the end of the petiole.
Leaflets not at all woolly beneath, the pubescence of straight hairs.
Leaflets nearly glabrous 7. P. glaucophyila.
Leaflets densely hairy on one or both surfaces 8. P. nuttallit.
Leaflets with woolly matted hairs on the lower surface.
Leaflets 5f 1 to 2 cm. long; plants 10 to 15 cm. high. ,
10. P. quinquefolia.
Leaflets more than 5 in most of the leaves, usually more than 3 cm. long;
plants commonly 20 to 60 cm. high.
Leaflets divided more than halfway to the margin into narrow lobes.
11. P. blaschkeana.
Leaflets toothed or lobetk less than halfway to the margin.
Leaflets shallowly t'-othed, with rounded or obtuse teeth.
18. P. fllipes.
Leaflets deeply frothed, with lanceolate or oblong, often acutish teeth.
Petioles with loosely spreading hairs IS. P. gracilis.
Petioles with appresaed or ascending hairs.
Inflorescence dense, leafy; leaflets white beneath . 14. P. dichroa.
Inflorescence loose and open, not leafy; leaflets grayish green beneath 16. P. viridegcens.
1. Potentilla fruticosa L. Bush cinque foil. Common at nearly all altitudes, chiefly on open slopes or in meadows; abundant in low places on prairie. Alaska to Calif.f N. Mex., N. J,, and Lab.; also in Eur. and Asia. (Dasiphorafruticosa Rydb.)—
Densely branched shrub, 0.3 to 1 meter high, with shredded bark; leaves pinnate, the leaflets 3 to 7, silky-hairy, 1 to 2 cm. long, entire; flowers solitary or in small clusters, 1.5 to 3 cm. broad.
A conspicuous shrub when covered with the bright yellow flowers. Above timber line the plants are sometimes pros irate. One plant was noticed which had creamy white flowers.
2. Potentilla monspeliensis L. Frequent at low and middle altitudes, in meadows, woods, or thickets, or on slopes, sometimes in sphagnum bops. Widely distributed in N. Amer., Eur., and Asia.—Plants biennial, stout, 20 to 50 cm. high, very leafy, loosely hairy; leaflets 3 to 7 cm. lon%, toothed; petals slightly shorter than the sepals.
3. Potentilla hippiana Lehm. Frequent on the east slope at low altitudes, on prairie or open hillsides. Alta. and Sask. to N. Mex. and Ariz.—Stems stout, 20 to 50 cm. high; leaflets 7 to 11, 2 to 5 cm. long, coarsely toothed; petals 6 to 8 mm. long.
4. Potentilla pulcherrima Lehm. Occasional on the eas1 slope at middle altitudes or above timber line, on open hillsides. Alta. and Sask. to N. Mex. and Utah.—
Stems 25 to 50 cm. high, hairy; leaflets5 or 7,1.5 to 6 cm. long, white-woolly beneath, the lower leaflets smaller than the others; petals 5 to 7 mm. long.
STANDLEY—FLORA OF GLACIER PARK, 361
5. Potentilla pennsylvanica L. Frequent low altitudes, on prairie or open slopes.
Yukon to B. C., N. Mgx., and Kans.—Stems stout, 30 to 60 cm. high; leaflets 1 to 7 cm. long, with linear or oblong lobes; petals about as long as the sepals.
6. Potentilla platyloba Rydb. St. Mary, on rocky flats. Alta. to Colo.—Stems stout, 30 to 50 cm. high; leaflets 2 to 6 cm. long, green above, white beneath; petals about as long as the sepals.
7. Potentilla glaucophylla Lehm. Common above timber line, in meadows or on rocky slopes or rock slides; sometimes at middle a itudes, on moist open slopes.
B. C. to Sask., N. Mex., and Utah.—Stems slender, 10 to 50 cm. high, nearly glabrous;
leaflets I to 5 cm. long, coarsely toothed, green; petals 6 to 10 mm, long.
8. Potentilla nuttallli Lehm. Common on the east slope at low and middle alti- tudes, in woods or thickets or on open hillsides. B. C. to Oreg., Colo., and Sask.—
Stems 30 to 60 cm. high, hairy; leaflets 3 to 10 cm. long, coarsely toothed; petals 6
to 8 mm. long. x
9. Potentilla nivea L. Occasional above timber line, on rocky slopes; sometimes about snow banks at middle altitudes. Alaska to Colo., Que.t and Greenl.; also in Eur. and Asia.—Plants densely tufted, 10 to 20 cm. high; leaves mostly basal, the leaflets 1 to 2 cm, long, obovate, green above, white beneath, deeply toothed; flowers
1 to 6, 12 to 15 mm. broad.
10. Potentilla quinquefolia Rydb. Exposed summits, Mt. Henry and Sexton Glacier. B. C. to Colo, and Sask.—Plants densely matted; leaflets deeply toothed, green above, white beneath; petals slightly longer than the sepals.
11. Potentilla blaschkeana Turcz. Frequent at low altitudes, in thickets or on prairie or open slopes. B. C. and Alta. to Wyo. and Calif.—Stems 40 to 60 cm. high, silky-hairy; leaflets 4 to 9 cm. long, green above, white beneath; petals 7 to 10 mm.
long.
12. Potentilla filipes Rydb. Frequent on the east slope at low altitudes, in thickets or on prairie or open hillsides. Alta. to N. Mex. and Man.—Stems stout, 20 to 50 cm. high, silky-hairy; leaflets 2 to 6 cm. long, green above, white beneath;
petals 6 to 8 mm. long. N
13. Potentilla gracllis Doug). Occasional at low or middle altitudes, in woods or on open slopes. B. C. to Oreg. and Mont.—Stems 30 to 70 cm. high, hairy; leaflets 3 to 6 cm. long, green above, whitish beneath; petals nearly 1 cm. long.
14. Potentilla dichroa Rydb. Dry rocky hilltop near foot of Lake McDermott.
Oreg. to Utah and Mont.—Stems stout, 20 to 50 cm. high, densely white-hairy; leaflets 2 to 6 cm. long, green above, white beneath; petals 6 to 8 mm. long.
16, Potentilla viridescens Rydb. Frequent on the east slope at low altitudes, in thickets or on prairie. Alta. to Wyo, and Man.—Stems stout, 30 to 60 cm. high, silky-hairy; leaflets 3 to 5 cm. long, coarsely toothed; petals about as long as the sepals.
16. Potentilla anserina L. Silverweed. In thickets and about low places on prairie at east entrance. Widely distributed in N. Amer., Eur., and Asia. (Argentina anserina Rydb.)—Leaflets 9 to 31, obovate or oval, 1 to 4 cm. long, green on the upper
surface, white-silky beneath; petals rounded, 7 to 10 mm. long, yellow.
The Blackfoot Indians employed the root as a remedy for diarrhea Potentilla anserina concolor Seringe (Argentina argentea Rydb.) is a form with leaflets densely silvery-silky on both surfaces. It grows with the typical form, and is found about
the east entrance.
17. Potentilla palustris (L.) Scop. Makshlocks. Sphagnum bogs on the west slope. Alaska to Calif., Wyo., N. H., and Greenl. (Comarum palustre L.)—Perennial,
362 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.
20 to 40 cm. high, slightly hairy, with long rootstocks; leaflets 5 or 7, oval or elliptic, 5 to 8 cm. long, pale beneath; calyx enlarging in fruit and becoming purplish; petals about half as long as the sepals; fruit of achenes on a receptacle, this becoming large and spongy.
5. DRYMO CALLIS Fourr.
Perennial herbs with viscid pubescence; leaves pinnate, the leaflets broad, deeply toothed; flowers in cymes; petals cream-colored or pale yellow; fruit of numerous, small achenes.
Petals about as long as the sepals; plants usually 30 to 60 cm. high . 1. D, glandulosa,.
Petals much longer than the sepals; plants usually 15 to 20 cm. high.
8. D. pseudorupestris.
1. Drymocallis glandulosa (Lindl.) Rydb. Common on the east slope at low and middle altitudes, in woods or thickets or on open hillsides. B. C. to Calif., N. Mex., and S. Dak.—Plants very hairy and viscid; leaflets 7 or 9, green, 1.5 to 4 cm. long, coarsely toothed and often lobed.
2. Drymocallis pseudorupestris Rydb. Frequent at middle and high altitudes, on open rocky slopes or rock slides, sometimes in woods. Alta. to Idaho and Wyo.—
Plants hairy and viscid, usually tufted; leaflets 7 or 9,1 to 3 cm. long; flowers 1.5 to 2 cm. broad.
6. FRAGARIA L. Strawberry.
Perennial, with long runners; leaves basal, the 3 leaflets broad, toothed; petals white, obtuse; fruit of numerous seedlike achenes on a fleshy red receptacle.
Plants green, not glaucous; teeth of the leaflets usually acute .... 1. F. bracteata.
Plants pale and somewhat glaucous; teeth of the leaflets rounded or obtuse.
Hairs of the petioles appressed 2.' F. glauca.
Hairs of the petioles spreading 3. F. platypetala.
1. Fragaria bracteata Heller. Frequent, especially on the west slope, at low and middle altitudes, in woods or thickets. B. C. to Calif., N, Mex., and Mont.—
Pubescence mostly of spreading hairs; leaflets thin, 2 to 6 cm. long, pale beneath;
petals about twice as long as the sepals.
2. Fragaria glauca (S. Wats.) Rydb. Frequent at low and middle altitudes, sometimes near timber line, in woods or thickets or on open slopes. B, C. to N. Mex.
and S. Dak.—Leaflets rather thick, 3 to 5 cm. long, coarsely toothed, silky-hairy beneath or nearly glabrous; flowers 1.5 to 2 cm. broad.
3. Fragaria platypetala Rydb. Occasional in woods or thickets at middle altitudes, and sometimes above timber line. Alaska to Calif., Wyo., and Mont.—Leaflets rather thick, 2 to 6 cm. long, silky-hairy beneath; flowers 1.5 to 2 cm. broad.